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Abstract

Bioengineering

Patient-Specific Polyvinyl Alcohol Phantom Fabrication with Ultrasound and X-Ray Contrast for Brain Tumor Surgery Planning

Published: July 14th, 2020

DOI:

10.3791/61344

1Wellcome / EPSRC Centre for Interventional and Surgical Sciences, University College London, 2Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, 3Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, 4School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, 5The Ear Institute, University College London, 6The Royal National Throat, Nose and Ear Hospital, London

* These authors contributed equally

Abstract

Phantoms are essential tools for clinical training, surgical planning and the development of novel medical devices. However, it is challenging to create anatomically accurate head phantoms with realistic brain imaging properties because standard fabrication methods are not optimized to replicate any patient-specific anatomical detail and 3D printing materials are not optimized for imaging properties. In order to test and validate a novel navigation system for use during brain tumor surgery, an anatomically accurate phantom with realistic imaging and mechanical properties was required. Therefore, a phantom was developed using real patient data as input and 3D printing of molds to fabricate a patient-specific head phantom comprising the skull, brain and tumor with both ultrasound and X-ray contrast. The phantom also had mechanical properties that allowed the phantom tissue to be manipulated in a similar manner to how human brain tissue is handled during surgery. The phantom was successfully tested during a surgical simulation in a virtual operating room.

The phantom fabrication method uses commercially available materials and is easy to reproduce. The 3D printing files can be readily shared, and the technique can be adapted to encompass many different types of tumor.

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Keywords Patient specific

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