Yazarlar, bu projenin erken aşamalarında teknik yardım için uzman hayvancılık ve Dr. Marco A. Passini John Marston teşekkür etmek istiyorum. Bu çalışma, KLL için Ulusal Sağlık Enstitüleri (R01HD054413 R01NS41584) hibesi ile finanse edildi.

1. Intraserebroventriküler enjeksiyon <ol><li> İlk adım enjeksiyon stok çözümler hazırlanması; bu çözümler viral vektör, plazmid DNA, uyuşturucu ve steril koşullar altında enjekte edilmelidir. </li><li> Istenen bir viral vektör (5-7 mcL toplam) titresi 0.05% w / v tripan mavi enjeksiyon görünüm için PBS ile karıştırın. </li><li> Plazmid DNA solüsyonu (5 l mcL toplam) D-(+)-glikoz oranı% 20 (w / v) (1 mcL), tripan mavisi (% 0.05), PBS (1 mcL), plazmid (~ 5 ~ g / ~ L içerir. ) (2 ~ L) ve 2.5 kDa doğrusal PEI homopolimer (150 mM) (1 ~ L). </li><li> PND 2 yenidoğanlarda cryo anestezi ile 1-2 dakika boyunca hareketsiz. </li><li> Bu enjeksiyon için kullanılan iğne, uzun bir tüp aracılığıyla 3ml 3 mL Hamilton şırınga takılı bir mikro-litre kalibre steril cam mikropipet. </li><li> Kafatasının içine 2 mm penetrasyon için ayarlamak için (spatula ile) iğne ucu kırın. Enjeksiyon çözeltisi içeren mikrosantrifüj tüp çapraz iğne yerleştirin. Şırınganın pistonu dikkatlice çekerek iğne içine enjeksiyon çözüm yükleyin. </li><li> Çözüm alındıktan sonra, tüpten şırınga ilişkisini; piston daha yukarı çekin ve sonra tekrar iğne eklemek. </li><li> Sağ el başparmak ve işaret parmakları arasında Hold iğne ve şırınga pistonu dokunmadan sağ elin avuç içi ile orta ve yüzük parmakları arasında yerleştirin. </li><li> Immobilize fare ilgili anatomik yapıların bir kılavuz olarak kullanılabilir aydınlatmak için sol eliyle yer ve bir fiber-optik ışık kullanarak deri başın arkasında sıkıca kavrayın. </li><li> Bir konuma yaklaşık 0,25 mm lateral sagital sütür ve yenidoğan koroner dikiş (Şekil 1A) 0,50-0,75 mm rostral, kafatası yüzeye dik, derin iğne 2 mm yerleştirin. Sonra avuç kullanarak piston itme sağ eli çok yavaş ve dikkatli bir şekilde. Rüptüre damarlar ya da yüzde şişme izleyin. </li><li> Geri akışı önlemek için piston hareketi kesildikten sonra iğne 15 saniye kaldırın. </li><li> Kurtarma hareketi ve genel tepki restore kadar ısıtılmış bir kapta 5-10 dakika süreyle fareler tutmak için. </li></ol> 2. Intravenöz enjeksiyon yoluyla temporal / facialis&#39;ten <ol><li> Enjekte edilebilir bir çözüm hazırlanmış ve süzülmüş yeşil gıda boyası ile desteklenmiş 1:100 dilüsyon ve steril koşullar altında enjekte edilmelidir. </li><li> 100 mcL cam Hamilton şırınga sonuna kadar döner küçük bir plastik takın. Döner, 33 gauge 0,25 inç derialtı iğne takın. Bütün parçaları sıkıca bağlı olduğundan emin sigortalayın. </li><li> Sağlanması, hava, damar içine hava enjeksiyon şeklinde şırınga olduğunu şırınga enjekte edilecek hacim yükleyin ölümcül. Genellikle pipetlemeyin parafilm bir parça şöyle enjekte edilecek hacim yardımcı olur. Bu açık bir görünüm için şırıngaya çözüm alımını sağlar. </li><li> Wee Sight transilluminator&#39;de kolayca yenidoğanda temporal ven veya yüz damar, (Şekil 2A) görselleştirmek için kullanılır. Enjeksiyondan önce, cerrahi bant kullanarak transilluminator&#39;de yenidoğan güvenli. Tül hayvan derisine zarar bandı önlemek için yenidoğan ve teyp arasında yer almalıdır. Bant solunum engellemez sağlanması, hayvan yan transilluminator&#39;de sabitleyin. Yenidoğan boyun hafifçe facialis&#39;ten kolayca görünür olduğunu açık olmalı ve burun baş stabilize etmek için bantlanmış olmalıdır. </li><li> Kolay görünüm için izin 2.25X bir kafa bandı büyüteç kullanarak, yavaş yavaş damar içine iğne takın. Iğne deri altında görünür kalmalıdır, böylece damar çok yüzeysel. </li><li> Çözelti hacmi, damar içine yavaşça demleyiniz. Yeşil boya enjeksiyon kolay görüntülenmesini sağlar. </li><li> Iğne, şırınga ve son derece dar bir iğne deliği nedeniyle kalan çözüm sürülmesi tamamen Medyumu arasında bir gecikme var gibi çıkarmadan önce 15 saniye bekleyin. </li><li> Iğneyi çıkardıktan sonra, enjeksiyon yerinde kanama geçene kadar baskı uygulamak için gazlı bez kullanın. </li><li> Sıkıntı belirtileri yenidoğan izleyin. Uygun bir enjeksiyondan sonra, hiçbir belirgin sıkıntı dikkat edilmelidir. Yenidoğan kafesine döndü önce kurtarmak için yaklaşık 5 dakika verilmelidir. </li><li> Iğne kan hızlı bir şekilde küçük bir delik nedeniyle bu yapışmasına neden olarak, PBS ile enjeksiyonlar arasında iğne / şırınga birimi yıkayın. </li></ol> 3. Temsilcisi sonuçları: ICV enjeksiyon: beynin farklı zaman noktalarında enjeksiyon sonrası hasat edilen ve başarılı bir enjeksiyon tekniği göstermek için görüntülenebilmekte. Boya enjeksiyon çözüm değilse, o, doğruluğunu kontrol etmek için zor olacakEnjeksiyon. Ventriküller biri doğru enjeksiyon beyin enjekte edilen tarafta tripan mavi dağılımını sağlayacaktır yaklaşık 10-15 dakika sonrası enjeksiyon (Şekil 1B). Sağ ve sol serebral hemisferlerin ve koku ampuller tripan mavi tekdüze dağılım yaklaşık 60 dakika enjeksiyon (Şekil 1C) görülebilir. Bu mavi boya komşu ventrikül yayılmasına izin verecek serebral ventriküllerin bağlantısı nedeniyle. Doğru enjeksiyonları da yaklaşık 12 saat sonrası enjeksiyon (Şekil 1D) içinde rostral santral spinal kanal mavi boya dağılma tarafından görüntülenmiştir olabilir. Yanlış enjeksiyonları hemisferlerin eksikliği mavi renk ile ayırt edilebilir. Bu durumda, iğne derinliği yeterli değildi ve enjeksiyon çözüm muhtemelen deri altında dağıttı. Alternatif bir olasılık iğne böylece ventrikül ve çözüm serebral ventriküllerin altında boşaltılır ötesine geçen, beynin çok derin nüfuz ettiğini. IV enjeksiyon: Doğru ve verimli temporal / facialis&#39;ten enjeksiyon enjeksiyonu takiben hemen görüntülendi olabilir. Çözüm enjekte edilir, yeşil boya görselleştirme giren ve yüz ven (Şekil 2A) akan bir çözüm sağlar. Ayrıca, fare değişmiş ten rengi aşağıdaki enjeksiyon görülecektir. Yenidoğan normal pembe renk enjeksiyon çözüm yeşil gıda boyası (Şekil 2B) varlığı nedeniyle, yeşil dönüştürülür. Yenidoğan döneminde gözlenen yeşil renk değişimi ölçüde kullanılan boya konsantrasyonu bağlıdır. Enjeksiyon ve basit bir uygulama döneminde görselleştirme, 1:50 seyreltme tavsiye edilir. Bununla birlikte, dramatik bir şekilde değişmiş cilt tonu genellikle yavru annesi tarafından reddedilen ve bu nedenle deneysel işlemleri sırasında, boya veya önemli ölçüde azaltılmış bir konsantrasyon kaldırılması düşünülmelidir. Bir yanlış enjeksiyon, enjeksiyon yerinde deri altında yeşil boya birikimine neden olur. Iğne açılış tam damar içinde takılı değilken oluşur Eksik enjeksiyon, bazı çözüm damar akar ve bazı cilt altında birikir. Bu görülürse damar içine iğne daha takılı olmalıdır. <img src="/files/ftp_upload/2968/2968fig1.jpg" alt="Şekil 1"/> Şekil 1 PDN2 farelerde başarılı ICV enjeksiyonları gösterilmesi A) ventriküller içine ICV enjeksiyonları kullanılan enjeksiyon siteleri şematik B) PBS tripan mavisi ile sol ventrikül Pup enjekte ICV Beyin, fotoğraf 15 dakika enjeksiyon alınan C ICV gelen) Beyin PBS içinde tripan mavisi ile sol ventrikül Pup enjekte, alınan fotoğraf 60 dakika enjeksiyon. D) Rostral merkezi spinal kanal ICV gösterilir sol ventrikül PBS tripan mavisi ile yavru enjekte, 12 saat sonrası enjeksiyon alınan fotoğraf. <img src="/files/ftp_upload/2968/2968fig2.jpg" alt="Şekil 2"/> Şekil 2 PDN2 farelerde başarılı IV enjeksiyonlar gösterilmesi A) IV enjeksiyon için kullanılan facialis&#39;ten şematik B) PBS içinde yeşil boya ile Pup enjekte IV un enjekte littermate göre, Foto hemen sonrası enjeksiyon alınır.

<ol>
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Çıkar çatışması ilan etti.

Araştırma hastalık fare modelleri kullanarak sık sık yenidoğanlarda ilaçlar ya da diğer maddelerin uygulanmasını gerektirir. Bu video gösteren adım adım MSS hedef için kullanılabilir iki tür enjeksiyon stratejileri içeren prosedürler: direkt enjeksiyon, intraserebroventriküler (ICV) enjeksiyonu kullanan MSS 1) veya temporal / hedef 2) IV enjeksiyon facialis&#39;ten. Bu enjeksiyonların zamanlaması büyük önem taşıyor. ICV enjeksiyonları freehand olduğundan, kafatası nispeten uysal olmalıdır....

<table border="1"><tbody><tr><th> Reaktifin Adı </th><th> Şirket </th><th> Katalog numarası </th><th> Yorumlar (isteğe bağlı) </th></tr><tr><td> Yeşil Gıda Boyası </td><td> McCormick </td><td> n / a </td><td> Filtre edilmesi gerekir </td></tr><tr><td> Hamilton Cam Şırınga (100 mcL) </td><td> Sigma Aldrick </td><td> 20702 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> LuerMxF Konu Stil Beyaz Naylon </td><td> Küçük Parçalar, Inc. </td><td> VPLF-LC78-1-25 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Güzel göstergesi Hipodermik İğneler </td><td> Çıtçıt </td><td> 7111 </td><td> Boyut: 33 (SWG) x ¼ &quot;(6,35 MM) </td></tr><tr><td> Wee Sight transilluminator&#39;de </td><td> Respironics </td><td> 1017920 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> 2.25X Headband Büyütücü </td><td> MagEyes </td><td> Model No: 5 </td><td> Bireysel tercihlerinize uygun büyütme </td></tr></tbody></table>

delivery of therapeutic agents through intracerebroventricular (icv) and intravenous (iv) injection in mice

Kan-beyin bariyeri beyni koruyucu oynadığı koruyucu bir role rağmen, santral sinir sistemi (MSS) erişimi sınırlar, nörodejeneratif hastalıklar için tasarlanmış 1,2 potansiyel terapötikler çoğu kez sonuç başarısızlık . Spinal Müsküler Atrofi (SMA) gibi nörodejeneratif hastalıklar, alt motor nöronlar etkilendiği, merkezi sinir sistemi içine terapötik ajanlar tanıtan büyük fayda edebilir. Bu videonun amacı, yenidoğan farelerin doğumdan kısa süre sonra tedavi malzemeleri teslim etmek için iki farklı enjeksiyon paradigmalar göstermektir. Bu yöntemlerden biri, beyin omurilik sıvısı 3,4 yoluyla CNS içine malzeme teslim sonuçlar serebral lateral ventriküller (intraserebroventriküler) içine doğrudan enjekte İkinci yöntem, merkezi sinir sistemi de dahil olmak üzere 5 sistemik teslim giden, dolaşım sistemi içine farklı terapötikler tanıtmak temporal ven enjeksiyonu (intravenöz) . Uygun bir viral vektör ve viral serotip kullanılmaktadır MSS yaygın transdüksiyon ulaşılabilir. Görselleştirme ve enjeksiyon için temporal ven kullanımı, doğum sonrası gün 6 uygulanabilir. Ancak, teslim edilen malzeme, MSS ulaşmak için amaçlanan ise kan-beyin bariyeri nedeniyle olgunlaşmamış durumu daha geçirgen ise, bu enjeksiyonları, tercihen önce doğum sonrası gün 2 yer almalıdır. Tam gelişmiş kan-beyin bariyeri intravenöz teslim etkinliğini büyük ölçüde sınırlar. Her iki dağıtım sistemleri, cerrahi yetenek sağlandıktan sonra, basit ve etkili. Herhangi bir geniş cerrahi cihazlar gerek yoktur ve tek bir kişi tarafından yapılabilir. Ancak, bu teknikler zorlukları olmadan değildir. Postnatal 2. günde yavrular ve küçük bir sonraki hedef alanları küçük boyutlu enjeksiyonları gerçekleştirmek için çoğaltmak için başlangıçta zor ve zorlu yapabilirsiniz.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Delivery of Therapeutic Agents Through Intracerebroventricular ICV and Intravenous IV Injection in Mice at JoVE.com

Delivery of Therapeutic Agents Through Intracerebroventricular ICV and Intravenous IV Injection in Mice

Merkezi sinir sistemi içine yenidoğan farelerin beyin (intraserebroventriküler) ve (intravenöz) 2) sistemik tedavi ajanları tanıtmak içine 1): Bu makale, enjeksiyon iki çok farklı yöntemler göstermektedir.

Fare intraserebroventriküler sayesinde Terapötik Ajanlar teslimi (ICV) ve intravenöz (IV) Enjeksiyon

Despite the protective role that blood brain barrier plays in shielding the brain, it limits the access to the central nervous system (CNS) which most ...

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Delivery of Therapeutic Agents Through Intracerebroventricular (ICV) and Intravenous (IV) Injection in Mice

58.7K Görüntüleme.  University of Missouri. Merkezi sinir sistemi içine yenidoğan farelerin beyin (intraserebroventriküler) ve (intravenöz) 2) sistemik tedavi ajanları tanıtmak içine 1): Bu makale, enjeksiyon iki çok farklı yöntemler göstermektedir.

Video: Delivery of Therapeutic Agents Through Intracerebroventricular ICV and Intravenous IV Injection in Mice

Orthotopic Xenografting of Human Luciferase-Tagged Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor Cells for in vivo Testing of Candidate Therapeutic Agents

Although in vitro screens are essential for the initial identification of candidate therapeutic agents, a rigorous assessment of the drug's ability to inhibit tumor growth must be performed in a suitable animal model. The type of animal model that is best for this purpose is a topic of intense discussion. Some evidence indicates that preclinical trials examining drug effects on tumors arising in transgenic mice are more predictive of clinical outcome1and so candidate therapeutic agents are often tested in these models. Unfortunately, transgenic models are not available for many tumor types. Further, transgenic models often have other limitations such as concerns as to how well the mouse tumor models its human counterpart, incomplete penetrance of the tumor phenotype and an inability to predict when tumors will develop.
Consequently, many investigators use xenograft models (human tumor cells grafted into immunodeficient mice) for preclinical trials if appropriate transgenic tumor models are not available. Even if transgenic models are available, they are often partnered with xenograft models as the latter facilitate rapid determination of therapeutic ranges. Further, this partnership allows a comparison of the effectiveness of the agent in transgenic tumors and genuine human tumor cells. Historically, xenografting has often been performed by injecting tumor cells subcutaneously (ectopic xenografts). This technique is rapid and reproducible, relatively inexpensive and allows continuous quantitation of tumor growth during the therapeutic period2. However, the subcutaneous space is not the normal microenvironment for most neoplasms and so results obtained with ectopic xenografting can be misleading due to factors such as an absence of organ-specific expression of host tissue and tumor genes. It has thus been strongly recommended that ectopic grafting studies be replaced or complemented by studies in which human tumor cells are grafted into their tissue of origin (orthotopic xenografting)2. Unfortunately, implementation of this recommendation is often thwarted by the fact that orthotopic xenografting methodologies have not yet been developed for many tumor types.
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are highly aggressive sarcomas that occur sporadically or in association with neurofibromatosis type 13and most commonly arise in the sciatic nerve4. Here we describe a technically straightforward method in which firefly luciferase-tagged human MPNST cells are orthopically xenografted into the sciatic nerve of immunodeficient mice. Our approach to assessing the success of the grafting procedure in individual animals and subsequent non-biased randomization into study groups is also discussed.

Orthotopic Xenografting of Human Luciferase-Tagged Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor Cells for in vivo Testing of Candidate Therapeutic Agents

A method for reliably grafting luciferase-tagged human malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor cells into the sciatic nerve of immunodeficient mice is described. The use of bioluminescence imaging to demonstrate proper establishment of tumor grafts and criteria for random segregation of animals into study groups are also discussed.

İnsan Takip edilen-Lusiferaz Malign Periferik Sinir Kılıf Tümör Hücreleri Ortotopik Xenografting In vivo</emAday Terapötik Ajanlar> Test

Although in vitro screens are essential for the initial identification of candidate therapeutic agents, a rigorous assessment of the drug's ability to ...

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Slow-release Drug Delivery through Elvax 40W to the Rat Retina: Implications for the Treatment of Chronic Conditions

Diseases of the retina are difficult to treat as the retina lies deep within the eye. Invasive methods of drug delivery are often needed to treat these diseases. Chronic retinal diseases such as retinal oedema or neovascularization usually require multiple intraocular injections to effectively treat the condition. However, the risks associated with these injections increase with repeated delivery of the drug. Therefore, alternative delivery methods need to be established in order to minimize the risks of reinjection. Several other investigations have developed methods to deliver drugs over extended time, through materials capable of releasing chemicals slowly into the eye. In this investigation, we outline the use of Elvax 40W, a copolymer resin, to act as a vehicle for drug delivery to the adult rat retina. The resin is made and loaded with the drug. The drug-resin complex is then implanted into the vitreous cavity, where it will slowly release the drug over time. This method was tested using 2-amino-4-phosphonobutyrate (APB), a glutamate analogue that blocks the light response of the retina. It was demonstrated that the APB was slowly released from the resin, and was able to block the retinal response by 7 days after implantation. This indicates that slow-release drug delivery using this copolymer resin is effective for treating the retina, and could be used therapeutically with further testing.

This paper details how Elvax 40W can be used as a slow-release method for drug delivery to the adult rat retina. The protocol for preparing, loading, and delivering the drug-resin complex to the eye is described.

Rat Retina için Elvax 40W ile yavaş salınımlı İlaç Dağıtım: Kronik Koşullar Tedavisinde Etkileri

Diseases of the retina are difficult to treat as the retina lies deep within the eye. Invasive methods of drug delivery are often needed to treat these ...

Ultrasound-guided Transthoracic Intramyocardial Injection in Mice

Murine models of cardiovascular disease are important for investigating pathophysiological mechanisms and exploring potential regenerative therapies. Experiments involving myocardial injection are currently performed by direct surgical access through a thoracotomy. While convenient when performed at the time of another experimental manipulation such as coronary artery ligation, the need for an invasive procedure for intramyocardial delivery limits potential experimental designs. With ever improving ultrasound resolution and advanced noninvasive imaging modalities, it is now feasible to routinely perform ultrasound-guided, percutaneous intramyocardial injection. This modality efficiently and reliably delivers agents to a targeted region of myocardium. Advantages of this technique include the avoidance of surgical morbidity, the facility to target regions of myocardium selectively under ultrasound guidance, and the opportunity to deliver injectate to the myocardium at multiple, predetermined time intervals. With practiced technique, complications from intramyocardial injection are rare, and mice quickly return to normal activity on recovery from anesthetic. Following the steps outlined in this protocol, the operator with basic echocardiography experience can quickly become competent in this versatile, minimally invasive technique.

Echocardiography-guided percutaneous intramyocardial injection represents an efficient, reliable, and targetable modality for the delivery of gene transfer agents or cells into the murine heart. Following the steps outlined in this protocol, the operator can quickly become competent in this versatile, minimally invasive technique.

Farelerde ultrason eşliğinde transtorasik intramiyokardiyal Enjeksiyon

Murine models of cardiovascular disease are important for investigating pathophysiological mechanisms and exploring potential regenerative therapies. ...

Testing the Efficacy of Pharmacological Agents in a Pericardial Target Delivery Model in the Swine

To date, many pharmacological agents used to treat or prevent arrhythmias in open-heart cases create undesired systemic side effects. For example, antiarrhythmic drugs administered intravenously can produce drops in systemic pressure in the already compromised cardiac patient. While performing open-heart procedures, surgeons will often either create a small port or form a pericardial cradle to create suitable fields for operation. This access yields opportunities for target pharmacological delivery (antiarrhythmic or ischemic preconditioning agents) directly to the myocardial tissue without undesired side effects.
We have developed a swine model for testing pharmacological agents for target delivery within the pericardial fluid. While fully anesthetized, each animal was instrumented with a Swan-Ganz catheter as well as left and right ventricle pressure catheters, and pacing leads were placed in the right atrial appendage and the right ventricle. A medial sternotomy was then performed and a pericardial access cradle was created; a plunge pacing lead was placed in the left atrial appendage and a bipolar pacing lead was placed in the left ventricle. Utilizing a programmer and a cardiac mapping system, the refractory period of the atrioventricular node (AVN), atria and ventricles was determined. In addition, atrial fibrillation (AF) induction was produced utilizing a Grass stimulator and time in AF was observed. These measurements were performed prior to treatment, as well as 30 min&#160;and 60 min&#160;after pericardial treatment. Additional time points were added for selected studies. The heart was then cardiopleged and reanimated in a four chamber working mode. Pressure measurements and function were recorded for 1 hr after reanimation. This treatment strategy model allowed us to observe the effects of pharmacological agents that may decrease the incidence of cardiac arrhythmias and/or ischemic damage, during and after open-heart surgery.

We have developed a swine model for the target delivery of pharmacological agents within the pericardial space/fluid. Using this approach, the relative benefits of administered agents on induced atrial fibrillation, relative refractory periods and/or ischemic protection can be investigated.

Domuzda bir perikard Hedef Teslim Modelinde Farmakolojik Ajanlar Etkilerinin Test

To date, many pharmacological agents used to treat or prevent arrhythmias in open-heart cases create undesired systemic side effects. For example, ...

Disposable Dosators for Pulmonary Insufflation of Therapeutic Agents to Small Animals

Development of new therapeutic products requires efficacy testing in an animal model. The pulmonary route of administration can be utilized to deliver drugs locally and systemically. Evaluation of dry powder aerosols necessitates an efficient dispersion mechanism to maintain high concentrations in an exposure chamber or for direct endotracheal administration. While solutions exist to expose animals by passive inhalation to dry powder aerosols, most require masses of powder in large excess of the dose delivered. This precludes conducting early feasibility studies as insufficient drug is available at the research or early development stage to support the dose delivery requirements for conventional aerosol delivery systems. When designing an aerosol drug product, aerodynamic performance can relate directly to delivery efficiency and efficacy. Dispersion of powder into an aerosol requires energy input sufficient to overcome interparticulate forces, and particle engineering approaches can substantially improve aerosol performance. We have developed a dispersion system (dosator) which can aerosolize engineered dry powder aerosols efficiently for the purpose of direct pulmonary insufflation, dispersion into an exposure system or generation for analytical purposes.

During development of drugs for pulmonary delivery, it is necessary to evaluate pharmacokinetics and efficacy in an animal model. We present a method to build a disposable aerosol dispersion system from of-the-shelf components that can be used to administer intrapulmonary dry powder aerosol to rodents.

Küçük Hayvanlarda Terapötik Ajanların Pulmoner Burundan çekmek için tek kullanımlık dozlandırıcılara

Development of new therapeutic products requires efficacy testing in an animal model. The pulmonary route of administration can be utilized to deliver ...

Intranasal Delivery of Therapeutic Stem Cells to Glioblastoma in a Mouse Model

The intrinsic tropism towards brain malignancies renders stem cells as promising carriers of therapeutic agents against malignant tumors. The delivery of therapeutic stem cells via the intranasal route is a recently discovered alternative strategy, with strong potential for clinical translation, due to its non-invasive nature compared to intracranial implantation or delivery via systemic routes. The lack of blood brain barrier further strengthens the therapeutic potential of stem cells undergoing intranasal brain entry. This article summarizes the essential techniques utilized in our studies and outlines the basic principles of intranasal strategy for stem cell delivery using a mouse model of intracranial glioma xenografts. We demonstrate the optimized procedures that generate consistent and reproducible results with specific predetermined experimental parameters and offer guidelines for streamlined work flow that ensure efficient execution and reliable experimental outcome. The article is designed to serve as a baseline for further experimental customization based on hypothesis, stem cell types, or tumor specifics.

Stem cells are promising therapeutic carriers to treat brain tumors due to their intrinsic tumor tropism. Non-invasive intranasal stem cell delivery bypasses the blood brain barrier and demonstrates strong potential for clinical translation. This article summarizes the basic principles of intranasal stem cell delivery in a mouse model of glioma.

Bir Fare Modelinde Tedavi Edici Kök Hücrelerin Glioblastomaya İntranazal Dağıtımı

The intrinsic tropism towards brain malignancies renders stem cells as promising carriers of therapeutic agents against malignant tumors. The delivery of ...

A Rat Carotid Artery Pressure-Controlled Segmental Balloon Injury with Periadventitial Therapeutic Application

Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death and disability worldwide, in part due to atherosclerosis. Atherosclerotic plaque narrows the luminal surface area in arteries thereby reducing adequate blood flow to organs and distal tissues. Clinically, revascularization procedures such as balloon angioplasty with or without stent placement aim to restore blood flow. Although these procedures reestablish blood flow by reducing plaque burden, they damage the vessel wall, which initiates the arterial healing response. The prolonged healing response causes arterial restenosis, or re-narrowing, ultimately limiting the long-term success of these revascularization procedures. Therefore, preclinical animal models are integral for analyzing the pathophysiological mechanisms driving restenosis, and provide the opportunity to test novel therapeutic strategies. Murine models are cheaper and easier to operate on than large animal models. Balloon or wire injury are the two commonly accepted injury modalities used in murine models. Balloon injury models in particular mimic the clinical angioplasty procedure and cause adequate damage to the artery for the development of restenosis. Herein we describe the surgical details for performing and histologically analyzing the modified, pressure-controlled rat carotid artery balloon injury model. Additionally, this protocol highlights how local periadventitial application of therapeutics can be used to inhibit neointimal hyperplasia. Lastly, we present light sheet fluorescence microscopy as a novel approach for imaging and visualizing the arterial injury in three-dimensions.

The rat carotid artery balloon injury mimics the clinical angioplasty procedure performed to restore blood flow in atherosclerotic vessels. This model induces the arterial injury response by distending the arterial wall, and denuding the intimal layer of endothelial cells, ultimately causing remodeling and an intimal hyperplastic response.

Periadventitial Terapötik Uygulama ile Sıçan Karotis Arter Basınç Kontrollü Segmental Balon Yaralanması

Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death and disability worldwide, in part due to atherosclerosis. Atherosclerotic plaque narrows the ...

Intratracheal Administration of Dry Powder Formulation in Mice

In the development of inhalable dry powder formulations, it is essential to evaluate their biological activities in preclinical animal models. This paper introduces a noninvasive method of intratracheal delivery of dry powder formulation in mice. A dry powder loading device that consists of a 200 &#181;L gel loading pipette tip connected to an 1 mL syringe via a three-way stopcock is presented. A small amount of dry powder (1-2 mg) is loaded into the pipette tip and dispersed by 0.6 mL of air in the syringe. Because pipette tips are disposable and inexpensive, different dry powder formulations can be loaded into different tips in advance. Various formulations can be evaluated in the same animal experiment without device cleaning and dose refilling, thereby saving time and eliminating the risk of cross-contamination from residual powder. The extent of powder dispersion can be inspected by the amount of powder remaining in the pipette tip. A protocol of intubation in mouse with a custom-made light source and a guiding cannula is included. Proper intubation is one of the key factors that influences the intratracheal delivery of dry powder formulation to the deep lung region of the mouse.

Dry powder formulations for inhalation have great potential in treating respiratory diseases. Before entering human studies, it is necessary to evaluate the efficacy of the dry powder formulation in preclinical studies. A simple and noninvasive method of the administration of dry powder in mice through the intratracheal route is presented.

Farelerde Kuru Toz Formülasyonunun Intratrakial Yönetimi

In the development of inhalable dry powder formulations, it is essential to evaluate their biological activities in preclinical animal models. This paper ...

Liujunzi Kaynatma: UC-CRC'nin Önlenmesi İçin Etkili Bir Tedavi

Establishment of Coloproctitis Cancer Model in Mice and Evaluation of Therapeutic Effect of Chinese Medicine

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignancy of the digestive system and has become the third most common malignancy worldwide and the second leading cause of malignancy-related death. Ulcerative coloproctitis (UC) is a precancerous lesion, and UC-associated CRC (UC-CRC) is the most common subtype of CRC. Therefore, a reasonable UC-CRC model is the cornerstone and guarantee of new drug development. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been widely used in the treatment of UC-CRC due to its good efficacy. As a classic tonic prescription of TCM, Liujunzi decoction (LJZD) has been widely used in the treatment of UC-CRC. In this study, a UC-CRC model was established by combining azomethane and dextran sulfate sodium, and the LJZD was administered. The data confirmed that LJZD can effectively inhibit cancer transition in UC-CRC by using mouse body weight, colorectal length, pathological and inflammatory factors, colorectal barrier function, and cancer markers. This protocol provides a system for evaluating the efficacy of TCM in the prevention and treatment of UC-CRC.

Yazar Spotlight: Koloproktit Kanseri için Geleneksel Çin Tedavisi Olarak Liujunzi Decottion

This protocol provides a mouse model of ulcerative coloproctitis-associated colorectal cancer induced by azomethane combined with dextran sulfate sodium. The model was used to evaluate the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine compounds in the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer.

Farelerde Koloproktit Kanser Modelinin Oluşturulması ve Çin Tıbbının Terapötik Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignancy of the digestive system and has become the third most common malignancy worldwide and the second leading ...