Name: december 2012: this month in jove
Uploaded: 2012-12-03T11:00:00
Duration: 3 min 6 s
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about December 2012: This Month in JoVE at JoVE.com

<a href="https://www.jove.com/video/4313">Intraoperative Detection of Subtle Endometriosis: A Novel Paradigm for Detection and Treatment of Pelvic Pain Associated with Loss of Peritoneal Integrity</a>
Bruce A. Lessey1, H. Lee Higdon III1, Sara E. Miller2, Thomas A. Price3 
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Greenville Hospital System, 2Department of Pathology, Duke University Health System, 3Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Duke University 
Loss of peritoneal integrity provides a new paradigm to understand and treat chronic pelvic pain in women with mild forms of endometriosis and can be easily detected using intraoperative instillation of dye at the time of laparoscopy.
<a href="https://www.jove.com/video/50179">Tactile Conditioning And Movement Analysis Of Antennal Sampling Strategies In Honey Bees (Apis mellifera L.)</a>
Samir Mujagi&#263;, Simon Michael W&uuml;rth, Sven Hellbach, Volker D&uuml;rr 
Biological Cybernetics, CITEC - Cognitive Interaction Technology - Center of Excellence, Bielefeld University
In this protocol we show how to condition harnessed honey bees to tactile stimuli and introduce a 2D motion capture technique for analyzing the kinematics of fine-scale antennal sampling pattern.
<a href="https://www.jove.com/video/4320">An In Vitro Preparation for Eliciting and Recording Feeding Motor Programs with Physiological Movements in Aplysia californica</a>
Jeffrey M. McManus1, Hui Lu1, Hillel J. Chiel1, 2, 3 
1Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University , 2Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University , 3Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University 
We describe a technique to extracellularly record and stimulate from nerves, muscles, and individual identified neurons in vitro while eliciting and observing different types of feeding behaviors in the feeding apparatus of Aplysia.
<a href="https://www.jove.com/video/50081">Generation and Recovery of &beta;-cell Spheroids From Step-growth PEG-peptide Hydrogels</a>
Asad Raza, Chien-Chi Lin 
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University - Purdue University at Indianapolis
The following protocol provides techniques for encapsulating pancreatic &beta;-cells in step-growth PEG-peptide hydrogels formed by thiol-ene photo-click reactions. This material platform not only offers a cytocompatible microenvironment for cell encapsulation, but also permits user-controlled rapid recovery of cell structures formed within the hydrogels.
<a href="https://www.jove.com/video/4400">Chromosome Replicating Timing Combined with Fluorescent In situ Hybridization</a>
Leslie Smith, Mathew Thayer 
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health &amp; Science University
A quantitative method for the analysis of chromosome replication timing is described. The method utilizes BrdU incorporation in combination with fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) to assess replication timing of mammalian chromosomes. This technique allows for the direct comparison of rearranged and un-rearranged chromosomes within the same cell.
<a href="https://www.jove.com/video/4392">The Insect Galleria mellonella as a Powerful Infection Model to Investigate Bacterial Pathogenesis</a>
Nalini Ramarao, Christina Nielsen-Leroux, Didier Lereclus 
INRA, Micalis UMR1319, France
Oral and intra haemocolic infection of larvae of the greater wax moth Galleria mellonella is described. This insect can be used to study virulence factors of entomopathogenic as well as mammalian opportunistic bacteria. Rearing of the insects, methods of infection and examples of in vivo analysis are described.

No conflicts of interest declared.

december 2012: this month in jove

Here are some highlights from the December 2012 issue of Journal of Visualized Experiments (JoVE).
This month, Smith and Thayer combine two classical methods-bromodeoxyuridine (BrDU) incorporation and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)-to examine replication timing of individual mammalian chromosomes. By analyzing differences in BrDU incorporation, our authors can detect how chromosomal rearrangements cause asynchronous replication between homologous chromosomes of a single cell.
In JoVE Neuroscience, McManus et al. study neuromuscular activity in the California sea slug (Aplysia californica), and the movements of its feeding apparatus during feeding. Our authors show us how to isolate the slug's mouthparts, induce feeding programs (such as biting and swallowing, and analyze the activity of nerves, muscles, and individual neurons during feeding.
Also in JoVE Neuroscience, Mujagi&#263; et al. take honeybees (Apis mellifera) from the hive to the lab, where they allow the bees to scan different metal surfaces with their antennae. Then, the researchers feed the bees sugar water after certain tactile stimuli. This trains the bees to extend their proboscises, in anticipation of sugar water, when their antennae touch particular surfaces. Our authors then analyze how changes in antennal movement correspond to associative or non-associative tactile learning.
In JoVE Bioengineering, Raza and Lin demonstrate a procedure for generating encapsulated &beta;-cell spheroids in a crosslinked polymer hydrogel. After recovering the aggregates, our authors can use the &beta;-cell spheroids to study cell- and tissue-based therapies for regenerative medicine research.
In JoVE Clinical &amp; Translational Medicine, Lessey et al. use methylene blue dye to identify areas of endometriosis, a condition that causes pelvic pain and other genitourinary problems in women. By staining peritoneal surfaces with methylene blue, our authors can identify areas of subtle endometriosis that might otherwise be missed during laparoscopy. This allows our authors to remove all affected tissue, greatly improving surgical outcome for endometriosis patients.
In JoVE Immunology and Infection, we learn that wax moths (Galleria mellonella), also known as honeycomb moths, have a lot in common with us mammals. In fact, wax moths have complex innate immune systems that can be used to characterize microbial virulence factors that are relevant to mammalian infections. Ramarao et al. show us how to raise the larvae and infect them with microbes or microbial toxins for pathogenesis assays.
This preview summarizes just a few notable video-articles in the December 2012 issue of JoVE. For full-length versions of these and many more video-articles, please visit <a href="http://www.jove.com">www.jove.com</a>.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about December 2012: This Month in JoVE at JoVE.com

December 2012: This Month in JoVE

Here are some highlights from the December 2012 Issue of Journal of Visualized Experiments (JoVE).

Here are some highlights from the December 2012 issue of Journal of Visualized Experiments (JoVE).
This month, Smith and Thayer combine two classical ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Biology

August 2012: This Month in JoVE

Traditional microscopy requires lens objectives to magnify specimens, and can involve numerous optical components like additional objectives, filters, and mirrors to refract and direct light to optical sensors. The August 2012 issue of JoVE (Journal of Visualized Experiments) is marked by the third publication from the Ozcan Lab (University of California, Los Angeles) on their lens free lens-free "on-chip" microscopy platform, which they have pioneered.
Back in 2009, the Ozcan lab published their first article, which demonstrated the use of a lens-free imaging platform that could image cells within whole blood. This imaging technique involves placing a sample directly on an optoelectric sensor array, like the CCD or CMOS chips found in the standard camcorder. Then, LED illumination from above the sample casts shadows on the chip, which are recorded as digital holograms that can be subjected to image processing. Not only does this lensless imaging system allow for an extremely large field of view (FOV of 0.6-8 cm2), the lack of bulky optical components makes it excellent for microfluidic applications. The Ozcan group demonstrates this in their follow-up 2011 JoVE article, in which fluorescently labeled white blood cells are imaged within a microfluidic chip.
This August in JoVE, the Ozcan group demonstrates further advancements to their lens-free microscopy platform by applying it to tomographic imaging of the nematode, C. elegans. By changing the angle of illumination, using a motorized rotation stage, the Ozcan group shows how multiple holographic slices may be generated for a sample-which, following processing, can be combined into tomograms. The Ozcan group confirms that their 3D reconstruction of the worm is successful by citing that the pharyngeal tube, a 5-micron-thick structure, is only visible in a single slice and in a 3D reconstructed cross section.
The compact and inexpensive nature of the lens-free imaging systems - designed and assembled by the Ozcan group - make them well suited for point-of-care diagnostic applications, or even cell phone based microscopy that can be performed in the field.
At the Ernest Gallo Clinic and Research Center at University of California, San Francisco JoVE learns how to visualize morphological changes in single cells using three-dimensional fluorescence microscopy and computer analysis. In this procedure, cells are given agonist, antagonist plus agonist, or no treatment, and prepared for immunofluorescence microscopy. Three-dimensional images are acquired with the help of a two-photon laser system, and the fluorescence data are processed on the computer using Imaris and Matlab.
To demonstrate the power of this technique, our authors quantify single-cell phenotypic changes in transfected HEK293 cells. Three-dimensional morphometric analysis shows dramatic changes in cells treated with agonist. These changes are not always apparent when using conventional 2D analysis. This technique allows morphological changes in single cells to be quantified and characterized in response to pharmacologic stimuli, offering a powerful new assessment tool to the arsenal of drug discovery research.
This month, in JoVE Applied Physics, we travel to South Carolina to visit the School of Materials Science and Engineering at Clemson University. Here, researchers show us how to construct lithium batteries for laboratory research.
The basic components of a lithium coin cell are the working electrode, the lithium electrolyte, and a lithium foil counter electrode. The different components of the coin cell are carefully assembled and sealed with a crimping machine. The finished coin cell can then be characterized in a battery tester. Using their homemade coin cells, our researchers can experiment with using different materials to make the cathodes of lithium coin cells.
This month in JoVE Immunology and Infection, we head to Basel, Switzerland to witness two techniques for diagnosing helminth infections. We also see how investigators perform the shuttle run test in children, in order to assess the effects of these infections on physical fitness.
Helminths are parasitic worms that can live inside humans and animals. Many species infect the intestinal tract, and may be transmitted through soil. Our authors demonstrate the Kato-Katz technique, which is used for diagnosing several common soil-transmitted helminths. They also demonstrate the Baermann technique, which uses light to stimulate the migration of certain types of phototactic helminths out of sample preparations. The various types of helminth species can subsequently be determined based on morphology.
Our authors then demonstrate how to set up and perform a 20-meter shuttle run test for children, and to measure the impact of helminth infections on physical fitness. This method can help determine the true burden of soil-transmitted helminth infections on overall health.
This brief summary highlights but a few notable video-articles that will be released in August. We'll also feature articles that demonstrate how to express genes in the midbrain of the chick embryo, study neutrophil transmigration in parallel flow chambers lined with endothelial cells, and precisely measure proteolytic degradation of the extracellular matrix.

Traditional microscopy requires lens objectives to magnify specimens, and can involve numerous optical components like additional objectives, filters, and mirrors to refract and direct light to optical sensors. The August 2012 issue of JoVE (Journal of Visualized Experiments) is marked by the third publication from the Ozcan Lab (University of California, Los Angeles) on their lens-free "on-chip" microscopy platform, which they have pioneered.

Traditional microscopy requires lens objectives to magnify specimens, and can involve numerous optical components like additional objectives, filters, and ...

2012: A Year In Review

Here's a look at some of the milestones and highlights of the year 2012 in Journal of Visualized Experiments (JoVE).
At the start of 2012, JoVE reached a major milestone by publishing our 1500th article. In this publication, in JoVE Bioengineering, Yu et al. described a method for analyzing the free radical composition of cigarette smoke. This method simulated cigarette puffing with a single-port smoking device, and combined it with electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy to measure the degree to which antioxidant compounds can scavenge free radicals in cigarette smoke. A possible outcome of this research is the creation of less harmful cigarettes.
JoVE Bioengineering also contained the most-viewed article of 2012. Owczarczak et al. described a method for hacking a standard inkjet printer, loading ink cartridges with a cell-suspension "bioink," and printing lines of live cells onto glass slides. The thermal inkjet printing process creates temporary pores in the cell membrane, visualized by the incorporation of fluorescently labeled actin monomers. This concept, called "bioprinting," has many potential applications in cell and tissue engineering.
Also in 2012, JoVE Bioengineering featured a protocol by Hsia et al. for isolating and purifying spider silk protein, spinning it into fibers, and assessing the fiber strength. This protocol for laboratory-scale production of spider silk, which is stronger than tensile steel, can potentially be extended to large-scale manufacturing.
In JoVE Clinical and Translational Medicine, we featured a number of articles related to stroke, one of which. In one article, M&ouml;bius-Winkler et al. demonstrated placement of the WATCHMAN left atrial appendage occlusion device from Boston Scientific. This device is designed to prevent strokes by trapping clots within the left atrial appendage of the heart before they exit. Our authors demonstrated how to insert the guide wire through the femoral artery into the heart, advance the device into the left atrium, and deploy the device in the left atrial appendage.
Another article focused on stroke, Hamel et al. described the use of a driving simulator to study how patients compensate for visual field defects following stroke. By analyzing the compensatory gaze behavior of patients as they navigated through virtual driving courses with varying degrees of complexity, our authors see great potential for the use of driving simulators in stroke rehabilitation.
In JoVE Immunology and Infection, we published an article by Keyel et al. describing the real-time kinetics of immune cell responses to bacterial toxins using live cell microscopy. Combined with high-speed 3D confocal microscopy, this technique can also visualize the cellular repair response.
Also in JoVE Immunology and Infection, we featured an article by Yap et al. describing methods for diagnosing helminth infections in children. Helminths are parasitic worms that can infect the intestinal tract of humans and animals, and may be distinguished based on their morphology. The same article demonstrated how to measure the impact of helminth infections on physical fitness in children, which is a measure of overall health.
In JoVE Neuroscience, we featured a method by Hoffmann et al., who used tiny headphones to alter the auditory feedback in songbirds, and analyzed the computational and neurophysiological basis of vocal learning in birds when they adjust their singing in response to altered acoustic signals.
Also in JoVE Neuroscience, we moved from birds to bees with a method that assesses associative and non-associative tactile learning in honeybees. This method, by Mujagi&#263; et al., allowed bees to scan different metal surfaces with their antennae, then conditioned them to expect sugar water when their antennae touched particular surfaces, and analyzed the corresponding changes in antennal movement.
In 2012, we launched a brand-new section: JoVE Applied Physics, which features articles on subjects ranging from plasma physics to material science. The Applied Physics section also contained JoVE's 2000th video article, filmed in a synchrotron radiation facility, where Borisenko et al. showed how to determine the electronic structure of complex materials using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy.
In the JoVE General section, we published an article by Artioli et al. demonstrating the use of a portable gas analyzer to measure oxygen consumption during complex exercise - such as judo. By analyzing oxygen consumption and collecting blood for measuring plasma lactate concentration, this method can determine the relative contributions of different energy systems to specific aspects of complex exercise.
Finally, JoVE followed Dolhi et al. to a permanently ice-covered saline lake in Antarctica. There, scientists drilled through the ice to study single-celled microorganisms called protists that live in the harsh conditions of Antarctica.
This Year in Review was just a brief glimpse of a few of over 600 video articles that JoVE offered in 2012. Browse the JoVE archives to see thousands of other videos, and stay tuned for what's coming up this year in JoVE: The Journal of Visualized Experiments.

Here's a look at some of the milestones and highlights of the year 2012 in Journal of Visualized Experiments (JoVE).

 
 
Here's a look at some of the milestones and highlights of the year 2012 in Journal of Visualized Experiments (JoVE).
At the start of 2012, JoVE ...