Name: isolation of glomeruli and in vivo labeling of glomerular cell surface proteins
Uploaded: 2019-01-18T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Isolation of Glomeruli and In Vivo Labeling of Glomerular Cell Surface Proteins at JoVE.com

The authors thank Blanka Duvnjak for her exceptional technical assistance. This work was supported by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (www.dfg.de) WO1811/2-1 to M.W. and QU280/3-1 to I.Q. The funder had no role in the study design, data collection, data analysis, decision to publish, and preparation of the manuscript.

Mice were obtained as an in-house breed from the local animal care facility or from Janvier Labs in France. The investigations were conducted according to the guidelines outlined in the Guide for Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (U.S. National Institutes of Health Publication No. 85-23, revised 1996). All animal experiments were performed in accordance with the relevant institutional approvals (state government LANUV reference number AZ:84-02.04. 2016.A435).
1. Preparation of Instruments, Solu...

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The presented method enables successful isolation of glomeruli to investigate glomerular RNA or protein. In addition, primary glomerular cell cultures can be performed from the isolated glomeruli. If biotin is applied before glomerular isolation, labeling of glomerular cell surface proteins can be performed. With this method, in vivo glomerular cell surface protein trafficking can be studied, and semi-quantitation of protein abundance is possible. The most critical steps for successfully testing glomerular cell ...

Proteinuria is a hallmark of glomerular injury and usually accompanies disruption of the glomerular filter1. The glomerular filter is composed of the fenestrated endothelium, glomerular basement membrane, and podocytes. The delicate molecular structure of the glomerular filter is highly dynamic and subject to cell surface protein trafficking in both healthy and diseased kidneys2,3,4,5,6. Endocytosis of cell surface proteins has been shown to be essential for the survival of podocytes7. Nephrin and podocalyxin are transmembrane proteins expressed on podocytes. Nephrin is the backbone of the glomerular slit diaphragm, while podocalyxin is a sialoglycoprotein coating the secondary foot processes of podocytes8,9,10. Endocytic trafficking has previously been shown for nephrin and podocalyxin3,11,12,13,14.
To the best of our knowledge, endocytosis of cell surface proteins has not yet been described in glomerular endothelial cells in the literature. However, endothelial cells in general express all necessary proteins for the different types of endocytosis (i.e., clathrin-dependent, raft-dependent endocytosis)15,16. Therefore, endothelial cell surface trafficking may be studied with this method using, for example, vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin and intracellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-2) as a cell surface marker protein for glomerular endothelial cells17.
Unfortunately, there is no accurate in vitro model for the delicate three-layered glomerular filter in which cell surface protein trafficking can be studied. The goal of this method is thus to study glomerular protein trafficking in vivo. In addition, this protocol contains information on how to isolate glomeruli, enabling further analysis of glomerular RNA, proteins, or cells. Similar glomerular isolation techniques have been described by different groups18,19.
Previously, we and others have used ex vivo labeling of glomerular cell surface proteins by biotinylation2,3,4,20,21. However, in this ex vivo method, isolated glomeruli were exposed to mechanical stress, which may influence endocytic trafficking. Alternatively, immunofluorescence labeling of glomerular cell surface proteins has extensively been used in the literature2,20,22. With this method, however, only a small number of proteins can be analyzed within one slide, and quantitation of immunofluorescence images is often difficult.
This novel in vivo method offers a reliable tool to study glomerular cell surface protein abundance and trafficking accurately in healthy and diseased kidneys, and it can be used as an addition to immunofluorescence tests.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width:671px;" width="669">
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		<col />
		<col />
		<col />
		<col />
	</colgroup>
	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:257px;">Motic SMZ168 BL</td>
			<td style="width:77px;">Motic</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">SMZ168BL</td>
			<td style="width:235px;">microscope for mouse surgery</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="84">
			<td height="84" style="height:84px;width:257px;">KL1500LCD</td>
			<td style="width:77px;">Pulch and Lorenz microscopy</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">150500</td>
			<td>light for mouse surgery</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:257px;">Rompun (Xylazin) 2%</td>
			<td style="width:77px;">Bayer</td>
			<td>PZN:01320422</td>
			<td>anesthesia</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:257px;">Microfederschere</td>
			<td style="width:77px;">Braun, Aesculap</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">FD100R</td>
			<td>fine scissors, for cut into the aorta</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:257px;">Durotip Feine Scheren</td>
			<td style="width:77px;">Braun, Aesculap</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">BC210R</td>
			<td>for abdominal cut</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:257px;">Anatomische Pinzette</td>
			<td style="width:77px;">Braun, Aesculap</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">BD215R</td>
			<td>for surgery until the abdomen is opened</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:257px;">Pr&#228;parierklemme</td>
			<td style="width:77px;">Aesculap</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">BJ008R</td>
			<td>for surgery&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:257px;">Seraflex</td>
			<td style="width:77px;">Serag Wiessner</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">IC108000</td>
			<td>silk thread</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:257px;">Ketamine 10%</td>
			<td style="width:77px;">Medistar</td>
			<td style="width:101px;"></td>
			<td>anesthesia</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:257px;">Rompun (Xylazin) 2%</td>
			<td style="width:77px;">Bayer</td>
			<td style="width:101px;"></td>
			<td>anesthesia</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:257px;">Fine Bore Polythene Tubing ID 0.28mm OD 0.61mm</td>
			<td style="width:77px;">Portex</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">800/100/100</td>
			<td style="width:235px;">Catheter</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:257px;">Fine Bore Polythene Tubing ID 0.58mm OD 0.96mm</td>
			<td style="width:77px;">Portex</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">800/100/200</td>
			<td style="width:235px;">Catheter</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:257px;">Harvard apparatus 11 Plus</td>
			<td style="width:77px;">Harvard Apparatus</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">70-2209</td>
			<td>syringe pump</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:257px;">EZ-link Sulfo-NHC-LC-Biotin</td>
			<td style="width:77px;">Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">21335</td>
			<td>biotin</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:257px;">Dynabeads Untouched Mouse T-cells</td>
			<td style="width:77px;">Invitrogen</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">11413D</td>
			<td>to embolize glomeruli</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:257px;">Collagenase A</td>
			<td style="width:77px;">Roche</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">10103578001</td>
			<td>to digest kidney tissue</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:257px;">DynaMag-2</td>
			<td style="width:77px;">Invitrogen</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">123.21D</td>
			<td>Magnet catcher</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:257px;">100&#181;m cell stainer</td>
			<td style="width:77px;">Greiner-bio</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">542000</td>
			<td>for glomerular isolation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:257px;">Axiovert 40 CFL</td>
			<td style="width:77px;">Zeiss</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">non available</td>
			<td>to confirm glomerular purity</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:257px;">TissueRuptor</td>
			<td style="width:77px;">Quiagen</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">9002755</td>
			<td>Tissue homogenizer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:257px;">CHAPS</td>
			<td style="width:77px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">C3023</td>
			<td>for lysis buffer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:257px;">Tris-HCL</td>
			<td style="width:77px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">T5941</td>
			<td>for lysis buffer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:257px;">NaCl</td>
			<td style="width:77px;">VWR chemicals</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">27810295</td>
			<td>for lysis buffer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:257px;">NaF</td>
			<td style="width:77px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">201154</td>
			<td>for lysis buffer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:257px;">EDTA</td>
			<td style="width:77px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">E5134</td>
			<td>for lysis buffer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:257px;">ATP</td>
			<td style="width:77px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">34369-07-8</td>
			<td>for lysis buffer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:257px;">Pierce BCA Protein Assay Kit</td>
			<td style="width:77px;">Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">23225</td>
			<td>Follow the manufacturer&#39;s instructions</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:257px;">nephrin antibody</td>
			<td style="width:77px;">Progen</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">GP-N2</td>
			<td>for westernblot</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:257px;">Polyclonal goat anti-podocalyxin antibody</td>
			<td style="width:77px;">R&#38;D Systems</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">AF15556-SP</td>
			<td>for westernblot</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:257px;">Streptavidin Agarose Resin</td>
			<td style="width:77px;">Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">20347</td>
			<td>for immunoprecipitation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:257px;">Protein A sepharose CL-4B</td>
			<td style="width:77px;">GE Healthcare</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">17096303</td>
			<td>for immunoprecipitation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:257px;">polyclonal rabbit anti-p57 antibody</td>
			<td style="width:77px;">SCBT</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">sc-8298</td>
			<td>for Immunohistochemistry</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:257px;">mouse monoclonal anti-beta actin antibody, clone AC-74</td>
			<td style="width:77px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">A2228</td>
			<td>Western blot loading control</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:257px;">rabbit anti-p44/42</td>
			<td style="width:77px;">cell signalling</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">4695</td>
			<td>for westernblot</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:257px;">Pierce High sensitivity streptavidin-HRP</td>
			<td style="width:77px;">Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:101px;">21130</td>
			<td>for westernblot</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">polyclonal mouse ICAM-2 antibody</td>
			<td>R&#38;D Systems</td>
			<td>AF774</td>
			<td>for westernblot</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="20">
			<td height="20" style="height:20px;">polyclonal mouse anti-VE-cadherin</td>
			<td>R&#38;D Systems</td>
			<td>AF1002</td>
			<td>for westernblot</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

isolation of glomeruli and in vivo labeling of glomerular cell surface proteins

Proteinuria results from the disruption of the glomerular filter that is composed of the fenestrated endothelium, glomerular basement membrane, and podocytes with their slit diaphragms. The delicate structure of the glomerular filter, especially the slit diaphragm, relies on the interplay of diverse cell surface proteins. Studying these cell surface proteins has so far been limited to in vitro studies or histologic analysis. Here, we present a murine in vivo biotinylation labeling method, which enables the study of glomerular cell surface proteins under physiologic and pathophysiologic conditions. This protocol contains information on how to perfuse mouse kidneys, isolate glomeruli, and perform endogenous immunoprecipitation of a protein of interest. Semi-quantitation of glomerular cell surface abundance is readily available with this novel method, and all proteins accessible to biotin perfusion and immunoprecipitation can be studied. In addition, isolation of glomeruli with or without biotinylation enables further analysis of glomerular RNA and protein as well as primary glomerular cell culture (i.e., primary podocyte cell culture).

To isolate glomeruli accurately, it is necessary to perfuse murine kidneys with PBSCM first. Perfusion with PBSCM turns kidneys pale (Figure 1A). Embolization of glomeruli with magnetic beads will be visible as brown dots on the kidney surface (Figure 1B). Isolation of glomeruli with the magnet catcher may show contamination with renal tubuli (Figure 1C</stro...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Isolation of Glomeruli and In Vivo Labeling of Glomerular Cell Surface Proteins at JoVE.com

Isolation of Glomeruli and In Vivo Labeling of Glomerular Cell Surface Proteins

Here we present a protocol for murine in vivo labeling of glomerular cell surface proteins with biotin. This protocol contains information on how to perfuse mouse kidneys, isolate glomeruli, and perform endogenous immunoprecipitation of the protein of interest.

Isolation of Glomeruli and In Vivo Labeling of Glomerular Cell Surface Proteins

Proteinuria results from the disruption of the glomerular filter that is composed of the fenestrated endothelium, glomerular basement membrane, and ...

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