Name: isolation and culture of primary aortic endothelial cells from miniature pigs
Uploaded: 2019-08-14T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Isolation and Culture of Primary Aortic Endothelial Cells from Miniature Pigs at JoVE.com

The work was supported by grants from Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, Grant/Award Number: 2016A030313028; Medical Scientific Research Foundation of Guangdong Province, Grant/Award Number: B2018003; Shenzhen Foundation of Science and Technology, Grant/Award Number: JCYJ20180306172449376, JCYJ20180306172459580, JCJY20160229204849975, GJHZ20170314171357556, JCYJ20160425103000011 and JCYJ20160428142040945; Shenzhen Longhua District Foundation of Science and Technology, Grant/Award Number: 2017013; National Key R&#38;D Program of China, Grant/Award Number: 2017YFC1103704; Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen, Grant/Award Number: SZSM201412020; Special Funds for the Construction of High Level Hospitals in Guangdong Province (2019); Fund for High Level Medical Discipline Construction of Shenzhen, Grant/Award Number: 2016031638; Shenzhen Foundation of Health and Family Planning Commission, Grant/Award Number: SZXJ2017021 and SZXJ2018059. We thank Hancheng Zhang and Zhicheng Zou from Shenzhen University for assisting in the preparation of the manuscript.

The use of animals was approved by the Ethics Review Committee of Shenzhen Second People&#39;s Hospital, in accordance with the principles of animal welfare.
1. Preparation of animals, medium, and buffers
<ol>
	<li>Prepare the miniature pig. 
	NOTE: All miniature pigs were Chinese Wuzhishan or Bama pigs (male). The age and weight of pigs were 100 days &#177; 8 days and 5.7 kg &#177; 1.0 kg (mean &#177; SD, n = 3), respectively.</li>
	<li>Prepare the culture medium: endothelial cell medi...

<ol>
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Chapter 2, 2.1.1-2.1.12 (2001).</li></ol>

Endothelial cells are commonly used in research of vascular dysfunction, diabetes, tissue regeneration, transplantation, and cancers14,15,16,17,18. To understand and characterize the biology and function of ECs in these diseases, numerous methods to isolate the ECs of different diseased organs or tissues have been reported8,<...

The shortage of available organs for transplantation is an outstanding problem world-wide1. According to the Red Cross Society of China, only a small number of patients with end-stage organ failure received a suitable organ in China in 2018.
Xenotransplantation is a promising way to resolve the problem of organ shortage. Pig organs are considered to be the most suitable organs for humans because of anatomic and physiologic similarities2,3. The failure of a pig xenograft is largely related to the primate immune rejection and coagulation responses. Porcine endothelial cells (ECs) are critical since these cells are the first to interact with the primate immune system, which includes antibody, complement, cytokines, and immune cells (e.g., T cells, B cells, and macrophages)4,5. Porcine ECs play a vital role in pig organ and islet xenotransplantation6,7. Thus, ECs are important cells for investigating the rejection and coagulation responses to a pig graft. Isolation of high-quality porcine ECs is required for xenotransplantation research.
In attempts to isolate ECs from different organs (e.g., heart, kidney, liver and aorta), several protocols have been reported in a xenotransplant setting8,9,10,11,12. However, keeping an ultrapure culture of isolated ECs is an outstanding problem in standard protocols. The increased concentration of the digested solution, inappropriate digestion time and scrape intensity may contribute to the increased fibroblast contamination in current studies8,10,13. Besides, the method of isolated pAECs from miniature pigs is less studied. Here, we describe an optimized enzymatic method to isolate highly-purified pAECs from miniature pigs (Wuzhishan or Bama). Several steps in the protocol have been designed to reduce fibroblast contamination and obtain high-purity ECs.

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			<td style="width:142px;">1052#</td>
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			<td style="width:424px;">AXYGEN</td>
			<td style="width:142px;">MCT-150-C#</td>
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			<td style="width:424px;">Corning</td>
			<td style="width:142px;">353003#</td>
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			<td style="width:142px;">10270-106#</td>
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			<td style="width:424px;">Kang Yi Ecological Agriculture Co., Ltd, China</td>
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			<td style="width:424px;">JET Biofil</td>
			<td style="width:142px;">GSP010010#&#160;</td>
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			<td style="width:424px;">GeneBrick</td>
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			<td style="width:424px;">Millipore</td>
			<td style="width:142px;">SLGV033RS#</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:280px;">Surgical scalpel</td>
			<td style="width:424px;">ShangHai medical instruments Co.,Ltd.China</td>
			<td style="width:142px;">22#</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:280px;">Surgical suture</td>
			<td style="width:424px;">Shanghai Pudong Jinhuan Medical Supplies Co., Ltd</td>
			<td style="width:142px;">5-0#</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:280px;">Syringe&#65288;5mL&#65289;</td>
			<td style="width:424px;">Shengguang Medical Instrument Co., Ltd.China</td>
			<td style="width:142px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:280px;">Trypsin-EDTA (0.25%), phenol red</td>
			<td style="width:424px;">GIBCO</td>
			<td style="width:142px;">25200056#</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:280px;">75% Medical alcohol</td>
			<td style="width:424px;">Guilin LiFeng Medical Supplies Co.,Ltd.China</td>
			<td style="width:142px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:280px;">20 x PBS solution (pH 7.4,Nuclease free)</td>
			<td style="width:424px;">Sangon Biotech</td>
			<td style="width:142px;">B540627#</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:280px;">Medical disinfectant 84 liquid</td>
			<td style="width:424px;">Sichuan Province Yijieshi Medical Technology Co., Ltd</td>
			<td style="width:142px;">450ml/bottle</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

isolation and culture of primary aortic endothelial cells from miniature pigs

Xenotransplantation is a promising way to resolve the shortage of human organs for patients with end-stage organ failure, and the pig is considered as a suitable organ source. Immune rejection and coagulation are two major hurdles for the success of xenotransplantation. Vascular endothelial cell (EC) injury and dysfunction are important for the development of the inflammation and coagulation responses in xenotransplantation. Thus, isolation of porcine aortic endothelial cells (pAECs) is necessary for investigating the immune rejection and coagulation responses. Here, we have developed a simple enzymatic approach for the isolation, characterization, and expansion of highly purified pAECs from miniature pigs. First, the miniature pig was anaesthetized with ketamine, and a length of aorta was excised. Second, the endothelial surface of aorta was exposed to 0.005% collagenase IV digestive solution for 15 min. Third, the endothelial surface of the aorta was scraped in only one direction with a cell scraper (&#60;10 times), and was not compressed during the process of scraping. Finally, the isolated pAECs of Day 3, and after passage 1 and passage 2, were identified by flow cytometry with an anti-CD31 antibody. The percentages of CD31-positive cells were 97.4% &#177; 1.2%, 94.4% &#177; 1.1%, and 92.4% &#177; 1.7% (mean &#177; SD), respectively. The concentration of Collagenase IV, the digestive time, the direction, and frequency and intensity of scraping are critical for decreasing fibroblast contamination and obtaining high-purity and a large number of ECs. In conclusion, our enzymatic method is a highly-effctive method for isolating ECs from the miniature pig aorta, and the cells can be expanded in vitro to investigate the immune and coagulation responses in xenotransplantation.

Our method aims to provide an effective way to isolate highly-purified ECs from the aortas from miniature pigs. The process of aorta surgery is shown in Figure 1. The first step is that the whole aorta is excised from the pig. Preventing other cell or bacterial contamination is very important. Thus, do not injure other organs or tissues in case untargeted cells or bacteria contaminate the aorta, and wash the aorta with pre-cooled washing buffer 3x (Figure 1<stro...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Isolation and Culture of Primary Aortic Endothelial Cells from Miniature Pigs at JoVE.com

Isolation and Culture of Primary Aortic Endothelial Cells from Miniature Pigs

An effective enzymatic method for isolation of primary porcine aortic endothelial cells (pAECs) from miniature pigs is described. The isolated primary pAECs can be used to investigate the immune and coagulation response in xenotransplantation.

Xenotransplantation is a promising way to resolve the shortage of human organs for patients with end-stage organ failure, and the pig is considered as a ...

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