Name: detecting establishment of shared blood supply in parabiotic mice by caudal vein glucose injection
Uploaded: 2020-02-06T12:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Detecting Establishment of Shared Blood Supply in Parabiotic Mice by Caudal Vein Glucose Injection at JoVE.com

This work was supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (81570399 and 81773735), the National Key Research and Development Program of China - Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization Research project (2017YFC1702003), and Hei Long Jiang Outstanding Youth Science Fund (JC2017020).

All procedures involving animals and their care were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Harbin Medical University.
NOTE: The tools and equipment required for the method are listed in the Table of Materials.
1. Preparation of materials and animals
<ol>
	<li>Order C57BL/6 male mice with weight between 20 g-25 g from a standard laboratory animal supplier.</li>
	<li>House the mice in a cycle of 12 h light: 12 h darkness at ...

<ol>
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Parabiosis refers to the surgical technique of connecting two living animals to establish a common vascular system by experimental means6,7,8. The advantage of this model is that the substances produced by a single individual can act on both animals at the same time. Thus, the parabiosis model can be used to explore the role of a substance or factor in a related disease, producing many meaningful and innovative conclusions. In v...

Parabiosis is a modeling method in which two living organisms are joined together surgically and develop as a single physiological system with a shared circulatory system1. Such models have been widely used for studying physiology owing to the advantage that the substances produced by a single individual can act on both animals at the same time via the shared circulatory system. Since the mid-1800s when parabiotic experiments were pioneered by Paul Bert2, the methods for constructing parabiotic models have become standardized. However, a straightforward and convenient method for verifying the successful establishment of blood chimerism has been missing. It has been reported that cross-circulation can be successfully assessed by intraperitoneally injecting 0.5% Evans blue dye in one of the parabionts followed by measurement of the absorbance of Evans blue in the blood of both parabionts with a microplate reader3. Another method requires a specific mouse breed that contains CD45.1+- and CD45.2+-labeled monocytes in each parabiont. Cell cytometry is then used to determine blood chimerism by measuring the frequency of the two markers in monocytes from spleen or blood4. However, these methods are often lethal or cumbersome to the animals, and a safe and simple method for quick and reliable verification of parabiotic models is highly desirable. In this study, we established a new method for this purpose, which was validated in a mouse model of parabiosis. Glucose concentration in blood samples drawn from a tail vein is measured using a glucometer, and the pattern of changes of glucose level in donor and recipient mice is considered an indication of circulation chimerism. We named this method the &#34;glucose fluctuation method&#34;. The application of this validation method is not limited to mice but could be extended to diverse pathological models except for those with serious dysregulation of glucose metabolism. The procedure is simple, timesaving, and safe.

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>curved forceps</td>
			<td>JZ surgical Instruments, China</td>
			<td>J31340</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>fine scissors</td>
			<td>JZ surgical Instruments, China</td>
			<td>WA1030</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>needle forcep</td>
			<td>JZ surgical Instruments, China</td>
			<td>60017961</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>2.5 mL syringes</td>
			<td>Agilent, USA</td>
			<td>5182-9642</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Tribromoethano</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich, USA</td>
			<td>T48402-5G</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>penicillin</td>
			<td>Solarbio, China</td>
			<td>IP0150</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>tramadol</td>
			<td>Yijishiye, China</td>
			<td>YJT712520</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>glucometer</td>
			<td>Roche Diabetes Care, Indiana</td>
			<td>Accu-Chek Active test strips</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Evan&#39;s blue Counterstain</td>
			<td>Solarbio, China</td>
			<td>G1810</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>depilatory cream</td>
			<td>Nair, USA</td>
			<td>LL9161</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Warming Blanket (Heating pad)</td>
			<td>Kent Scientific Corp, USA</td>
			<td>TP-22G</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Electrical shaver</td>
			<td>Codos, China</td>
			<td>CP-5000</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>3-0,5-0 
			surgical suture</td>
			<td>Shanghai Medical Suture Needle Factory, China</td>
			<td>SYZ 3-0#, SYZ 5-0#</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

detecting establishment of shared blood supply in parabiotic mice by caudal vein glucose injection

Parabiosis is an experimental method for surgically combining two parallel animals along the longitudinal axis of the body. We present a protocol for detecting the successful establishment of blood chimerism in parabionts by a caudal vein injection of glucose. Parabiotic mice were constructed. Glucose was injected into the donor mouse through the tail vein, and the fluctuation of blood glucose level was measured in both mice using a blood glucometer at different time points. Our results showed that after glucose injection, the blood glucose level in donor mice increased sharply after 1 min and decreased slowly thereafter. Meanwhile, the blood glucose level of the recipient mice peaked 15 min after injection. Similar results were obtained with Evans blue, used as a positive control for glucose. The synchronous fluctuation of blood glucose levels indicates that blood flow between the two mice was established successfully.

In six donor mice, blood glucose levels sharply increased to 26.5 &#181;mol/L (173% increase) at an average of 1 min after the injection of 100 &#181;L of glucose (1.2 g/kg) through the tail vein and then gradually decreased to 13.3 &#181;mol/L at 60 min. In recipient mice, blood glucose slowly increased after injection and reached the first peak level at 15 min (47% increase, 12.2 &#181;mol/L). Based on the above results, the standard for circulation chimerism was set as follows: 1) a sh...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Detecting Establishment of Shared Blood Supply in Parabiotic Mice by Caudal Vein Glucose Injection at JoVE.com

Detecting Establishment of Shared Blood Supply in Parabiotic Mice by Caudal Vein Glucose Injection

Here we describe a new method of detecting successful establishment of shared blood circulation of two parabionts through a caudal vein injection of glucose, which causes minimal damage and is not fatal to the parabionts.

Parabiosis is an experimental method for surgically combining two parallel animals along the longitudinal axis of the body. We present a protocol for ...

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