Name: three differential expression analysis methods for rna sequencing: limma, edger, deseq2
Uploaded: 2021-09-18T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Three Differential Expression Analysis Methods for RNA Sequencing: limma, EdgeR, DESeq2 at JoVE.com

This work was supported by the&#8194;National&#8194;Natural&#8194;Science&#8194;Foundation&#8194;of&#8194;China&#8194;(Grant&#8194;No. 81860276) and Key Special Fund Projects of National Key R&#38;D Program (Grant&#8194;No. 2018YFC1003200).

NOTE: Open the R-studio program and load R file &#34;DEGs.R&#34;, the file can be acquired from Supplementary files/Scripts.
1. Downloading and pre-processing of data
<ol>
	<li>Download the high-throughput sequencing (HTSeq) count data of cholangiocarcinoma (CHOL) from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). This step can be easily achieved by the following R code.
	<ol>
		<li>Click Run to install R packages.</li>
		<li>Click Run to load R packages. 
		if(!requ...

<ol>
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K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=edgeR:+a+Bioconductor+package+for+differential+expression+analysis+of+digital+gene+expression+data.">edgeR: a Bioconductor package for differential expression analysis of digital gene expression data.</a> Bioinformatics. 26, 139-140 (2010).</li><li>Love, M. I., Huber, W., Anders, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Moderated+estimation+of+fold+change+and+dispersion+for+RNA-seq+data+with+DESeq2.">Moderated estimation of fold change and dispersion for RNA-seq data with DESeq2.</a> Genome Biology. 15, 550 (2014).</li><li>Gentleman, R. 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Abundant aberrate transcripts in cancers can be easily identified by RNA-seq differential analysis5. However, the application of RNA-seq differential expression analysis is often restricted as it requires certain skills with R language and the capacity to choose appropriate methods. To address this problem, we provide a detailed introduction to the three most known methods (limma, EdgeR and DESeq2) and tutorials for applying the RNA-seq differential expression analysis. This will facilitate the un...

RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) is one of the most widely used technologies in transcriptomics with many advantages (e.g., high data reproducibility), and has dramatically increased our understanding of the functions and dynamics of complex biological processes1,2. Identification of aberrate transcripts under different biological context, which are also known as differentially expressed genes (DEGs), is a key step in RNA-seq analysis. RNA-seq makes it possible to get a deep understanding of pathogenesis related molecular mechanisms and biological functions. Therefore, differential analysis has been regarded as valuable for diagnostics, prognostics and therapeutics of tumors3,4,5. Currently, more open-source R/Bioconductor packages have been developed for RNA-seq differential expression analysis, particularly limma, DESeq2 and EdgeR1,6,7. However, differential analysis requires certain skills with R language and the ability to choose the appropriate method, which is lacking in the curriculum of medical education.
In this protocol, based on the cholangiocarcinoma (CHOL) RNA-seq count data extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), three of the most known methods (limma8, EdgeR9 and DESeq210) were carried out, respectively, by the R program11 to identify the DEGs between CHOL and normal tissues. The three protocols of limma, EdgeR and DESeq2 are similar but have different steps among the processes of the analysis. For example, the normalized RNA-seq count data is necessary for EdgeR and limma8, 9, whereas DESeq2 uses its own library discrepancies to correct data instead of normalization10. Furthermore, edgeR is specifically suitable for RNA-seq data, while the limma is used for microarrays and RNA-seq. A linear model is adopted by limma to assess the DEGs12, while the statistics in edgeR are based on the negative binomial distributions, including empirical Bayes estimation, exact tests, generalized linear models and quasi-likelihood tests9.
In summary, we provide the detailed protocols of RNA-seq differential expression analysis by using limma, DESeq2 and EdgeR, respectively. By referring to this article, users can easily perform the RNA-seq differential analysis and choose the appropriate differential analysis methods for their data.

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>R</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>version 3.6.2</td>
			<td>free software</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Rstudio</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td>free software</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

three differential expression analysis methods for rna sequencing: limma, edger, deseq2

RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) is one of the most widely used technologies in transcriptomics as it can reveal the relationship between the genetic alteration and complex biological processes and has great value in diagnostics, prognostics, and therapeutics of tumors. Differential analysis of RNA-seq data is crucial to identify aberrant transcriptions, and limma, EdgeR and DESeq2 are efficient tools for differential analysis. However, RNA-seq differential analysis requires certain skills with R language and the ability to choose an appropriate method, which is lacking in the curriculum of medical education.
Herein, we provide the detailed protocol to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between cholangiocarcinoma (CHOL) and normal tissues through limma, DESeq2 and EdgeR, respectively, and the results are shown in volcano plots and Venn diagrams. The three protocols of limma, DESeq2 and EdgeR are similar but have different steps among the processes of the analysis. For example, a linear model is used for statistics in limma, while the negative binomial distribution is used in edgeR and DESeq2. Additionally, the normalized RNA-seq count data is necessary for EdgeR and limma but is not necessary for DESeq2.
Here, we provide a detailed protocol for three differential analysis methods: limma, EdgeR and DESeq2. The results of the three methods are partly overlapping. All three methods have their own advantages, and the choice of method only depends on the data.

There are various approaches to visualize the result of differential expression analysis, among which the volcano plot and Venn diagram are particularly used. limma identified 3323 DEGs between the CHOL and normal tissues with the |logFC|&#8805;2 and adj.P.Val &#60;0.05 as thresholds, among which 1880 were down-regulated in CHOL tissues and 1443 were up-regulated (Figure 1a). Meanwhile, edgeR identified the 1578 down-regulated DEGs and 3121 up-regulated DEGs (Figure 1b</...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Three Differential Expression Analysis Methods for RNA Sequencing: limma, EdgeR, DESeq2 at JoVE.com

Three Differential Expression Analysis Methods for RNA Sequencing: limma, EdgeR, DESeq2

A detailed protocol of differential expression analysis methods for RNA sequencing was provided: limma, EdgeR, DESeq2.

RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) is one of the most widely used technologies in transcriptomics as it can reveal the relationship between the genetic alteration ...

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