نود أن نشكر الأستاذ فيرينك كراوس للمناقشات ونجد التويجري على دعمها لوضع اللمسات الأخيرة على المخطوطة. وقد تم تمويل هذا العمل من قبل مركز تطبيقات الليزر المتقدمة (كالا).

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وتتحقق عملية بدوره مفتاح المذبذب من خلال إدارة الحرارة المثلى من مكونات مختلفة من الليزر. الناتج من مذبذب هو استنساخه على أساس يومي، مع عدم وجود حاجة لمحاذاة إضافية أو التحسين. وبالإضافة إلى ذلك، فإن نبض إلى نبض استقرار الطاقة والاستقرار المكاني توجيه ليزر البذور يفي بالشروط المسبقة لتحقيق عملية مستقرة من مكبر للصوت التجدد. ويمكن استخدام مصادر أخرى منخفضة الطاقة للبذور، مثل مضخمات الألياف، لبذور مكبر الصوت. في هذه الدراسة، تم استخدام 2 ميكروغرام يب: ياغ رقيقة القرص كلم مذبذب للمساعدة في التضخيم من مكبر للصوت التجدد عن طريق الحد من نمو المراحل غير الخطية المتراكمة، منذ يتم تخفيض العدد المطلوب من الرحلات المستديرة للحصول على طاقة أعلى المدخلات البذور . بالإضافة إلى ذلك، فإن طاقة البذور العليا تؤثر على عملية التضخيم وتقلل من تضييق المكاسب. عرض النطاق الطيفي المقاسة للنبض المضخمإس لمختلف الطاقات البذور في قوة مضخة ثابتة هو مبين في الشكل 5C . وينخفض ​​عرض النطاق الطيفي المضخم لطاقات البذور الأدنى بسبب تضييق الكسب. ل 10 طاقة البذور بيجاي، الليزر تعمل في مضاعفة الفترة، وليس من الممكن للوصول إلى عملية مستقرة، حتى من خلال زيادة عدد الرحلات المستديرة. بالإضافة إلى التحسين الدقيق من أنظمة التبريد وإمدادات الطاقة من الثنائيات، وتشغيل مكبر للصوت التجدد في التشبع يلعب دورا رئيسيا في تحقيق الاستقرار من مكبر للصوت. التوافقية الأساسية أو الثانية من الليزر يمكن استخدامها لضخ نظام أوبكبا. بالنسبة لمجموعة العون الذاتي، تمت مقارنة أداء لبو وبلورات ببو، حيث أنها توفر معامل عال غير خطى وعتبة الضرر، على الرغم من التمرير المكاني الكبير والفتحة المتاحة المحدودة في حالة ببو. كما معامل غير الخطية من ببو هو تقريبا ضعف ذلك من لبو، وبلورة أقصر هو سوففيكيس للوصول إلى حد التشبع لمجموعة المساعدة الذاتية ( الشكل 6A ). لذلك، ببو هو الخيار الأنسب، حيث أن المرحلة غير الخطية المتراكمة هي أصغر 28 . وتتميز فترات النبضة من نبضات ش بشكل تجريبي في كفاءة التحويل المختلفة. ولوحظ أن طيف مجموعات العینات الذاتیة یتوسع عند کفاءة التحویل المرتفعة وتظھر مرحلة طیفیة أعلی ( الشکل 6 ). لذلك، يتم اختيار الحالة B، مع كفاءة التحويل من 70٪، حيث ش والحزم الأساسية غير المحولة الحفاظ على نوعية ممتازة.

إن توليد نبضات ليزر عالية الطاقة وقليلة الدورة بمعدل تكرار مرتفع له أهمية كبيرة للمجالات التطبيقية مثل علم أتوسكوند 1 و 2 و 3 و 4 و فيزياء الحقل العالي 5 و 6 التي تستفيد بشكل مباشر من توافر هذه المصادر. يمثل OPCPA الطريق الأكثر واعدة لتحقيق الطاقات نبض عالية وعرض النطاق الترددي التضخيم الكبيرة التي تدعم في الوقت نفسه النبضات القليلة دورة 1. وحتى الآن، يسمح نظام أوبكبا بتضخيم النطاق العريض جدا، الذي يولد نبضات قليلة الدورة 7 و 8 و 9 و 10 . ومع ذلك، فإن التنفيذ المعدل لخطة نظام أوبكبا، الذي يستخدم نبضات المضخات القصيرة على مقياس البيكو ثانية،مما يجعل هذا النهج قابلا للتوسع في طاقات النبض الأعلى ومتوسط ​​القوى في نظام الدورة القليلة 1 ، 11 ، 12 . نظرا لكثافة المضخة العالية في نظام أوبكبا المضغوط قصير النبض، فإن الكسب العالي لتمرير واحد يسمح باستخدام بلورات رقيقة جدا لدعم عرض النطاق الترددي الضخم. وعلى الرغم من أن نظام أوبكبا المضغوط قصير النبض له مزايا عديدة، فإن إمكانية تحقيق هذا النهج تخضع لتوافر أشعة الليزر المصممة خصيصا لهذا الغرض. ومطلوب من هذه المضخات الليزر أن تقدم نبضات بيكو ثانية عالية الطاقة ذات نوعية شعاع محدودة قريبة الانعراج بمعدلات تكرار في خز إلى مهز 13 و 14 و 15 . إن إدخال أشعة الليزر المخدرة بالتيتربيوم في هندسات مختلفة، قادرة على تقديم نبضات ليزر بيكو ثانية مع طاقة عالية ومتوسط ​​قدرة مرتفع، على وشك تغيير الحالة الراهنة للمجال 1 ، 13 ، 14 ، 15 ، 16 ، 17 ، 18 . يب: ياغ لديه الموصلية الحرارية جيدة وطويلة العمر العلوي للدولة، ويمكن ضخها من قبل ليزر الصمام الثنائي فعالة من حيث التكلفة. أداءها عند استخدامها في هندسة القرص رقيقة المعلقة نظرا لكفاءة التبريد من وسط كسب في وقت واحد على نطاق الذروة ومتوسط ​​الطاقة. وعلاوة على ذلك، يتم منع حدوث التركيز الذاتي داخل وسيط كسب خلال عملية التضخيم بسبب رفيعة من القرص رقيقة بالمقارنة مع غيرها من هندستها المتوسطة كسب، مما أدى إلى التشكيلات الزمنية والزمانية الممتازة للنبضات تضخيم. الجمع بين هذا المفهوم مع اتفاق السلام الشامل واعدة لتوليد البقول بيكو ثانية مع مئات مليجول من الطاقة ومئاتمن واط من متوسط ​​الطاقة 19 ، 20 . والهدف من هذا العمل هو إظهار مفتاح تحويل يب: ياغ مكبر للصوت التجدد القرص رقيقة مع الأداء اليومي المتميز كمصدر مناسب لضخ أوبكاس 21 . ولتحقيق هذا الهدف، توظف هذه الدراسة مذبذب القرص الصغير يب: ياغ 22 مع العديد من ميكرولز من طاقة النبض لبذور مكبر للصوت لتقليل المرحلة غير الخطية المتراكمة أثناء عملية التضخيم. ويوفر هذا البروتوكول وصفة لبناء وتشغيل نظام الليزر، الذي يرد وصفه في مكان آخر 21 . يتم عرض تفاصيل حول تنفيذ المكونات وبرامج التحكم، ووصف عملية محاذاة النظام.

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Electrooptics</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Fiber-Coupled Diode Laser Module</td>
			<td>Dilas Diodenlaser GmbH</td>
			<td>M1F8H12-940.5-500C-IS11.34</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Fiber-Coupled Diode Laser Module</td>
			<td>Laserline GmbH</td>
			<td>LDM1000-500</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Power Supply for Diode Laser</td>
			<td>Delta Elektronika B.V.</td>
			<td>SM 15-100</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Power Supply for Diode Laser</td>
			<td>Delta Elektronika B.V.</td>
			<td>SM 35-45</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pulse Picker&#39;s Driver</td>
			<td>Bergmann Messger&#228;te Entwicklung KG&#160;</td>
			<td>N/A, customized</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pockels Cell&#39;s Driver</td>
			<td>Bergmann Messger&#228;te Entwicklung KG&#160;</td>
			<td>N/A, customized</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pulse Picker&#39;s Driver Power Supply</td>
			<td>Bergmann Messger&#228;te Entwicklung KG&#160;</td>
			<td>PCD8m7</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pockels Cell&#39;s Driver Power Supply</td>
			<td>Bergmann Messger&#228;te Entwicklung KG&#160;</td>
			<td>PCD8m7</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Delay Generator PCI</td>
			<td>Bergmann Messger&#228;te Entwicklung KG&#160;</td>
			<td>BME_SG08p</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Splitter Box</td>
			<td>Bergmann Messger&#228;te Entwicklung KG&#160;</td>
			<td>N/A, customized</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Resonant Preamplifier</td>
			<td>Bergmann Messger&#228;te Entwicklung KG&#160;</td>
			<td>BME_P03</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pulse Picker&#39;s crystal</td>
			<td>Castech Inc.</td>
			<td>N/A, customized</td>
			<td>12*12*20 mm&#179;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pockels Cell&#39;s crystal</td>
			<td>Castech Inc.</td>
			<td>N/A, customized</td>
			<td>12*12*20 mm&#179;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Name</td>
			<td>Company</td>
			<td>Catalog Number</td>
			<td>Comments</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Optics</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Thin-disk</td>
			<td>TRUMPF Scientific Lasers&#160;</td>
			<td>N/A, customized</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Thin-disk Head</td>
			<td>TRUMPF Scientific Lasers&#160;</td>
			<td>N/A, customized</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Fiber</td>
			<td>Frank Optic Products GmbH</td>
			<td>N/A, customized</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Fiber Objective</td>
			<td>Edmund Optics GmbH</td>
			<td>N/A, customized</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Faraday Isolator</td>
			<td>Electro-Optics Technology, Inc</td>
			<td>EOT.189.12231</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Faraday Rotator</td>
			<td>Electro-Optics Technology, Inc</td>
			<td>EOT.189.22040</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Stretcher&#39;s Grating 1</td>
			<td>Horiba Jobin Yvon GmbH</td>
			<td>N/A, customized</td>
			<td>60*40*10 mm&#179;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Stretcher&#39;s Grating 2</td>
			<td>Horiba Jobin Yvon GmbH</td>
			<td>N/A, customized</td>
			<td>350*190*50 mm&#179;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Compressor&#39;s Grating 1</td>
			<td>Plymouth Grating Laboratory, Inc.</td>
			<td>N/A, customized</td>
			<td>40*40*16 mm&#179;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Compressor&#39;s Grating 2</td>
			<td>Plymouth Grating Laboratory, Inc.</td>
			<td>N/A, customized</td>
			<td>300*100*50 mm&#179;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>HR Mirror, 1&#34; (1030nm), flat, 0&#176;</td>
			<td>Layertec GmbH</td>
			<td>108060</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>HR Mirror, 1&#34; (1030nm), flat, 0&#176;</td>
			<td>Laseroptik GmbH</td>
			<td>B-09965, S-04484</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>HR Mirror, 1&#34; (1030nm), flat, 45&#176;</td>
			<td>Layertec GmbH</td>
			<td>108063</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>HR Mirror, 1&#34; (1030nm), flat, 45&#176;</td>
			<td>Laseroptik GmbH</td>
			<td>B-09966, S-04484</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>HR Mirror, 1&#34; (1030nm), curved</td>
			<td>Layertec GmbH</td>
			<td>N/A, customized</td>
			<td>set</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>HR Mirror, 2&#34; (1030nm), flat, 0&#176;</td>
			<td>Laseroptik GmbH</td>
			<td>B-09965, S-05474</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>HR Mirror, 2&#34; (1030nm), flat, 45&#176;</td>
			<td>Laseroptik GmbH</td>
			<td>B-09966, S-05474</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Thin Film Polarizer (1030nm), 2&#34;</td>
			<td>Layertec GmbH</td>
			<td>103930</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Waveplate L/2 (1030nm)</td>
			<td>Layertec GmbH</td>
			<td>106058</td>
			<td>&#216;=25mm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Waveplate L/4 (1030nm)</td>
			<td>Layertec GmbH</td>
			<td>106060</td>
			<td>&#216;=25mm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>AR Window (1030nm), wedge</td>
			<td>Laseroptik GmbH</td>
			<td>B-00183-01, S-00988</td>
			<td>&#216;=38mm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Output Coupler, 1&#34; (1030nm)</td>
			<td>Layertec GmbH</td>
			<td>N/A, customized</td>
			<td>PR = 88 %</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>High-dispersion Mirror (1030nm)</td>
			<td>UltraFast Innovations GmbH</td>
			<td>N/A, customized</td>
			<td>GDD = -3000 fs&#178;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Lens, 1&#34; (1030nm), Plano-Convex</td>
			<td>Thorlabs GmbH</td>
			<td>N/A, customized</td>
			<td>set</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Lens, 1&#34; (1030nm), Plano-Concave</td>
			<td>Thorlabs GmbH</td>
			<td>N/A, customized</td>
			<td>set</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Lens, 2&#34; (1030nm), Plano-Convex</td>
			<td>Thorlabs GmbH</td>
			<td>N/A, customized</td>
			<td>set</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Lens, 2&#34; (1030nm), Plano-Concave</td>
			<td>Thorlabs GmbH</td>
			<td>N/A, customized</td>
			<td>set</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>HR Mirror, 1&#34; (515nm), flat, 0&#176;</td>
			<td>Layertec GmbH</td>
			<td>129784</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>HR Mirror, 1&#34; (515nm), flat, 0&#176;</td>
			<td>Eksma Optics</td>
			<td>042-0515-i0</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>HR Mirror, 1&#34; (515nm), flat, 45&#176;</td>
			<td>Layertec GmbH</td>
			<td>110924</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>HR Mirror, 1&#34; (515nm), flat, 45&#176;</td>
			<td>Eksma Optics</td>
			<td>042-0515</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>HR Mirror, 1&#34; (515nm), curved</td>
			<td>Layertec GmbH</td>
			<td>N/A, customized</td>
			<td>set</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>HR Mirror, 1&#34; (515nm), curved</td>
			<td>Eksma Optics</td>
			<td>N/A, customized</td>
			<td>set</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>HR Mirror, 2&#34; (515nm), flat, 0&#176;</td>
			<td>Eksma Optics</td>
			<td>045-0515-i0</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>HR Mirror, 2&#34; (515nm), flat, 45&#176;</td>
			<td>Eksma Optics</td>
			<td>045-0515</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Thin Film Polarizer (515nm), 2&#34;</td>
			<td>Layertec GmbH</td>
			<td>112544</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Waveplate L/2 (515nm)</td>
			<td>Layertec GmbH</td>
			<td>112546</td>
			<td>&#216;=25mm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Lens, 1&#34; (515nm), Plano-Convex</td>
			<td>Thorlabs GmbH</td>
			<td>N/A, customized</td>
			<td>set</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Lens, 1&#34; (515nm), Plano-Concave</td>
			<td>Thorlabs GmbH</td>
			<td>N/A, customized</td>
			<td>set</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Kerr Medium</td>
			<td>Meller Optics, Inc.</td>
			<td>N/A, customized</td>
			<td>Sapphire, 1mm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>BBO Crystal</td>
			<td>Castech Inc.</td>
			<td>N/A, customized</td>
			<td>7*7*1.5 mm&#179;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Harmonic Separator, 1&#34;, 45&#176;</td>
			<td>Eksma Optics</td>
			<td>042-5135</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Harmonic Separator, 2&#34;, 45&#176;</td>
			<td>Eksma Optics</td>
			<td>045-5135</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Silver Mirror, 1&#34;, flat</td>
			<td>Thorlabs GmbH</td>
			<td>PF10-03-P01</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Silver Mirror, 1&#34;, curved</td>
			<td>Eksma Optics</td>
			<td>N/A, customized</td>
			<td>set</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Filter - Absorptive Neutral Density</td>
			<td>Thorlabs GmbH</td>
			<td>NE##A</td>
			<td>set</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Filter - Reflective Neutral Density</td>
			<td>Thorlabs GmbH</td>
			<td>ND##A</td>
			<td>set</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Filter - Round Continuously Variable</td>
			<td>Thorlabs GmbH</td>
			<td>NDC-50C-4M</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Filter - Edgepass Filter (Longpass)</td>
			<td>Thorlabs GmbH</td>
			<td>FEL####</td>
			<td>set</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Filter - Edgepass Filter (Shortpass)</td>
			<td>Thorlabs GmbH</td>
			<td>FES####</td>
			<td>set</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Wedge</td>
			<td>Thorlabs GmbH</td>
			<td>N/A, customized</td>
			<td>set</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Name</td>
			<td>Company</td>
			<td>Catalog Number</td>
			<td>Comments</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Optomechanics &#38; Motion</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Mirror Mount 1&#34; (small)</td>
			<td>S. Maier GmbH</td>
			<td>S1M4-##-1&#8221;</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Mirror Mount 1&#34; (large)</td>
			<td>S. Maier GmbH</td>
			<td>S3-##</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Mirror Mount 1&#34;</td>
			<td>TRUMPF Scientific Lasers&#160;</td>
			<td>1&#34; adjustable&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Mirror Mount 2&#34;</td>
			<td>S. Maier GmbH</td>
			<td>S4-##</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Mirror Mount 2&#34;</td>
			<td>TRUMPF Scientific Lasers&#160;</td>
			<td>2&#34; adjustable&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Rotation Mount 1&#8221;</td>
			<td>S. Maier GmbH</td>
			<td>D25</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Rotation Mount 1&#8221;</td>
			<td>Thorlabs GmbH</td>
			<td>RSP1/M</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Rotation Mount 2&#8221;</td>
			<td>Thorlabs GmbH</td>
			<td>RSP2/M</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Precision Rotation Stage</td>
			<td>Newport Corporation</td>
			<td>M-UTR120</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Four-Axis Diffraction Grating Mount</td>
			<td>Newport Corporation</td>
			<td>DGM-1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Translation Stage</td>
			<td>OptoSigma Corporation</td>
			<td>TADC-651SR25-M6</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pockels cell stage</td>
			<td>Newport Corporation</td>
			<td>9082-M</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pockels Cell Holder</td>
			<td>Home-made</td>
			<td>N/A, customized</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Picomotor Controller/Driver Kit</td>
			<td>Newport Corporation</td>
			<td>8742-12-KIT</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Picomotor Piezo Linear Actuators</td>
			<td>Newport Corporation</td>
			<td>8301NF</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Picomotor Rotation Mount</td>
			<td>Newport Corporation</td>
			<td>8401-M</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Hand Control Pad</td>
			<td>Newport Corporation</td>
			<td>8758</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Name</td>
			<td>Company</td>
			<td>Catalog Number</td>
			<td>Comments</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Light Analysis</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Beam Profiling Camera</td>
			<td>Ophir Optronics Solutions Ltd</td>
			<td>SP620</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Beam Profiling Camera</td>
			<td>DataRay Inc.</td>
			<td>WCD-UCD23</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Photodiodes (solw)</td>
			<td>Thorlabs GmbH</td>
			<td>DET10A/M</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Photodiodes (fast)</td>
			<td>Alphalas GmbH</td>
			<td>UPD-200-SP</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Thin-disk Camera</td>
			<td>Imaging Development Systems GmbH</td>
			<td>UI-2220SE-M-GL</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Oscilloscope</td>
			<td>Tektronix GmbH</td>
			<td>DPO5204</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Oscilloscope</td>
			<td>Teledyne LeCroy GmbH</td>
			<td>SDA 760Zi-A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Spectrometer</td>
			<td>Avantes</td>
			<td>AvaSpec-ULS3648-USB2</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Spectrometer</td>
			<td>Ocean Optics, Inc</td>
			<td>HR4C1769</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Spectrometer</td>
			<td>Ocean Optics, Inc</td>
			<td>HR4C3762</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Spectrometer</td>
			<td>Ocean Optics, Inc</td>
			<td>HR4D464</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Spectrometer</td>
			<td>Ocean Optics, Inc</td>
			<td>HR4D466</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Laser Thermal Power Sensor</td>
			<td>Ophir Optronics Solutions Ltd</td>
			<td>L50(150)A-PF-35</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Laser Thermal Power Sensor</td>
			<td>Ophir Optronics Solutions Ltd</td>
			<td>FL500A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Laser Thermal Power Sensor</td>
			<td>Ophir Optronics Solutions Ltd</td>
			<td>3A-P-V1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Power and Energy Meter</td>
			<td>Ophir Optronics Solutions Ltd</td>
			<td>Vega</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Name</td>
			<td>Company</td>
			<td>Catalog Number</td>
			<td>Comments</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Systems</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Laser Beam Stabilization System</td>
			<td>TEM-Messtechnik GmbH</td>
			<td>Aligna</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Laser M&#178; Measuring System</td>
			<td>Ophir Optronics Solutions Ltd</td>
			<td>M&#178;-200s</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>FROG</td>
			<td>Home-made</td>
			<td>N/A, customized</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>XFROG</td>
			<td>Home-made</td>
			<td>N/A, customized</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Name</td>
			<td>Company</td>
			<td>Catalog Number</td>
			<td>Comments</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Miscellaneous</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cooling Chiller</td>
			<td>H.I.B Systemtechnik GmbH</td>
			<td>6HE-000800-W-W-R23-2-DI</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cooling Chiller</td>
			<td>Termotek GmbH</td>
			<td>P201</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cooling Chiller</td>
			<td>Termotek GmbH</td>
			<td>P208</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Laser Safety Goggles</td>
			<td>Protect - Laserschutz GmbH</td>
			<td>BGU 10-0165-G-20</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Infra-red Viewer</td>
			<td>FJW Optical Systems</td>
			<td>84499A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Laser Viewing Card</td>
			<td>Thorlabs GmbH</td>
			<td>VRC4</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Laser Viewing Card</td>
			<td>Thorlabs GmbH</td>
			<td>VRC5</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Laser Viewing Card</td>
			<td>Laser Components GmbH</td>
			<td>LDT-1064 BG</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Flowmeter</td>
			<td>KOBOLD Messring GmbH</td>
			<td>DTK-1250G2C34P</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pressure Gauge</td>
			<td>KOBOLD Messring GmbH</td>
			<td>EN 837-1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Temperature Sensor</td>
			<td>KOBOLD Messring GmbH</td>
			<td>TDA-15H* ***P3M</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>WinLase Software</td>
			<td>Dr. C. Horvath &#38; Dr. F. Loesel</td>
			<td>WinLase Version 2.1 pro.</td>
			<td>Laser Cavity Software</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

20 mj, 1 ps yb:yag thin-disk regenerative amplifier

هذا هو تقرير عن 100 W، 20 ميجاهرتز، 1 بس يب: ياغ رقيقة القرص التجدد مكبر للصوت. و يب محلية الصنع: ياغ القرص رقيقة، كير العدسة وضع مؤمن مذبذب مع بدوره مفتاح الأداء والطاقة نبض مستوى ميكروجول يستخدم لبذور مكبر للصوت نبض مجدد النبض. يتم وضع مكبر للصوت في السكن محكم. ويعمل في درجة حرارة الغرفة ويعرض عملية مستقرة بمعدل تكرار 5 كيلوهرتز، مع استقرار نبض إلى نبض أقل من 1٪. من خلال استخدام 1.5 سم سميكة بيتا الباريوم بورات الكريستال، وتضاعف وتيرة انتاج الليزر إلى 515 نانومتر، مع متوسط ​​قوة 70 W، وهو ما يعادل كفاءة البصرية إلى البصرية من 70٪. هذا الأداء المتفوق يجعل النظام مصدر مضخة جذابة للمضخمات النبضية المشقوقة النبضية البصرية في المدى القريب من الأشعة تحت الحمراء ومتوسط ​​الأشعة تحت الحمراء. الجمع بين أداء بدوره مفتاح والاستقرار متفوقة من مكبر للصوت التجدد، ونظام يسهل توليد النطاق العريض، سيب مستقرةبذرة. توفير البذور ومضخة التضخيم نبض المعلمة البصري البصري (أوبكبا) من مصدر ليزر واحد يلغي الطلب من التزامن الزماني النشط بين هذه البقول. يقدم هذا العمل دليلا مفصلا لإعداد وتشغيل يب: ياغ مكبر للصوت القرص رقيقة التجدد، استنادا إلى تضخيم نبض الزنجي (كبا)، كمصدر مضخة لمضخم نبض شبيه بصري المعلمة.

<html> يسلم المذبذب 350 فس و 2 ميكروجرام و 25-W نبضات بمعدل تكرار 11 ميغاهيرتز مع استقرار نبض إلى نبضة بنسبة 1٪ (رمز) وتقلبات توتر الحزمة أقل من 0.6٪ على مدى ساعة واحدة من القياس ( الشكل 4 ). <img alt="الشكل 4" class="xfigimg" src="/files/ftp_upload/55717/55717fig4.jpg" /> الشكل 4 : يب: ياغ القرص رقيقة، كير العدسة وضع مذبذب مؤمن. ( أ ) الطيف (الأحمر)، وملف الشدة الزمنية المسترجعة (الأزرق)، والملف المكاني (إنزيت) لنبضات المذبذب. ( ب ) قياس واسترجاع شغ-فروج الطيفي من مذبذب. تم تعديل هذا الرقم من فاتحي وآخرون. ، بإذن من المرجع 21 .&gt; الرجاء انقر هنا لعرض نسخة أكبر من هذا الرقم. يتم تضخيم نبضات البذور في مكبر للصوت التجديدي إلى 125 W في حين يجري ضخها مع الصمام الثنائي اقتران الألياف سو في طول موجة من 940 نانومتر في 280 W، المقابلة للكفاءة البصرية إلى البصرية من 47٪. ويكون استقرار مكبر الصوت من النبضة إلى النبضة أقل من 1٪، ويظهر مكبر الصوت استقرارا ممتازا على المدى الطويل بعد 10 ساعات من التشغيل المتواصل. وللحزمة المضخمة صورة مكانية ممتازة مع M 2 من 1 (M 2 x = 1.08 و M 2 y = 1.07) ومظهر زمني ممتاز بعد الضغط إلى 1 بس (في فوهم) ( الشكل 5 ). <img alt="الشكل 5" class="xfigimg" src="/files/ftp_upload/55717/55717fig5.jpg" /> الشكل 5 : توصيف مكبر للصوت التجدد<html> الناتج وتأثير تكسب الربح. ( أ ) استقرار متوسط ​​قدرة مكبر للصوت التجدد بعد 10 ساعات من التشغيل المتواصل. إنزيت: ( a-1 ) القدرة المعيارية لقيمتها المتوسطة في نافذة زمنية قدرها 0.5 h؛ ( a-2 ) صورة موجية لحزمة الإخراج للمكبر التجديدي. ( ب ) طيف خرج مكبر للصوت (أخضر) والشدة الزمنية المسترجعة (الزرقاء) لنبضات الليزر عند متوسط ​​قدرة 100 واط بعد ضاغط الحبل. ( ج ) طاقة البذور مقابل عرض النطاق الطيفي (فوهم) لمخرج مكبر الصوت والرحلات المطلوبة المطلوبة لنفس متوسط ​​قدرة الخرج عند 300 واط من قدرة المضخة. تم تعديل هذا الرقم من فاتحي وآخرون. ، بإذن من المرجع 21 . <a href="http://ecsource.jove.com/files/ftp_upload/55717/55717fig5large.jpg" target="_blank">الرجاء انقر هنا لعرض نسخة أكبر من هذا الرقم.</a> هين-بادج = &quot;1&quot;&gt; تم تحليل مجموعة المساعدة الذاتية باستخدام الرمز سيسيفوس 25 . تم النظر في بلورات مختلفة مع المعلمات التالية: 1) من نوع I، 6 مليمترات الليثيوم سميكة (لبو)، مع زاوية مطابقة الطور من 13.7 درجة ومعامل غير الخطية من 0.819 مساء / V، و 2) و نوع I، ببو 3 ملم سميكة مع زاوية مطابقة الطور من 23.4 درجة ومعامل غير الخطية من 2 مساء / V 26 ، 27 . 1-بس، 20 ميغابايت البقول في 1،030 نانومتر وشدة الذروة من 100 غو / سم 2 اعتبرت مدخلات المحاكاة. وأظهرت نتائج المحاكاة أن أداء مكتب إدارة المشاريع كان متفوقا على أداء المكتب الإقليمي لبنك الشعب الصيني ( الشكل 6 ). <img alt="الشكل 6" class="xfigimg" src="/files/ftp_upload/55717/55717fig6.jpg" /> الشكل 6 : الجيل التوافقي الثاني. ( أ ) محاكاة مجموعات المساعدة الذاتيةرجي للحصول على الكريستال 6 ملم سميكة لبو و 3 ملم سميكة ببو الكريستال. ( ب ) كفاءة مجموعة العون الذاتي التجريبية مقابل كثافة ذروة مضخة المدخلات في كريستال ببو بسمك 1.5 مم باستخدام 0.5 ميغا جول (أسود) و 20 ميغا جول (أخضر) من خرج مكبر الصوت. ( ج ) الكثافة الطيفية المسترجعة و ( د ) تأخر المجموعة في قياسات شفروج لمختلف كفاءات مجموعات المساعدة الذاتية المقابلة للنقاط A و B و C في (b). تم تعديل هذا الرقم من فاتحي وآخرون. ، مع إذن من المرجع 21 . <a href="http://ecsource.jove.com/files/ftp_upload/55717/55717fig6large.jpg" target="_blank">الرجاء انقر هنا لعرض نسخة أكبر من هذا الرقم.</a>

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about 20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG Thin-disk Regenerative Amplifier at JoVE.com

20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG Thin-disk Regenerative Amplifier

بروتوكول لتشغيل عالية الطاقة، عالية الطاقة البصرية المعلمة نبض مضخم نبض المضخة على أساس يب: ياغ رقيقة القرص التجدد مكبر للصوت ويرد هنا.

20 مج، 1 بس يب: ياغ مكبر للصوت ريجينيراتيف ريسينيراتيف

This is a report on a 100 W, 20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG thin-disk regenerative amplifier. A homemade Yb:YAG thin-disk, Kerr-lens mode-locked oscillator with ...

20-mj-1-ps-ybyag-thin-disk-regenerative-amplifier

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11.4K Views.  Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich.  بروتوكول لتشغيل عالية الطاقة، عالية الطاقة البصرية المعلمة نبض مضخم نبض المضخة على أساس يب: ياغ رقيقة القرص التجدد مكبر للصوت ويرد هنا. 

Video: 20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG Thin-disk Regenerative Amplifier

Microfluidic Picoliter Bioreactor for Microbial Single-cell Analysis: Fabrication, System Setup, and Operation

In this protocol the fabrication, experimental setup and basic operation of the recently introduced microfluidic picoliter bioreactor (PLBR) is described in detail. The PLBR can be utilized for the analysis of single bacteria and microcolonies to investigate biotechnological and microbiological related questions concerning, e.g.&#160;cell growth, morphology, stress response, and metabolite or protein production on single-cell level. The device features continuous media flow enabling constant environmental conditions for perturbation studies, but in addition allows fast medium changes as well as oscillating conditions to mimic any desired environmental situation. To fabricate the single use devices, a silicon wafer containing sub micrometer sized SU-8 structures served as the replication mold for rapid polydimethylsiloxane casting. Chips were cut, assembled, connected, and set up onto a high resolution and fully automated microscope suited for time-lapse imaging, a powerful tool for spatio-temporal cell analysis. Here, the biotechnological platform organism Corynebacterium glutamicum&#160;was seeded into the PLBR and cell growth and intracellular fluorescence were followed over several hours unraveling time dependent population heterogeneity on single-cell level, not possible with conventional analysis methods such as flow cytometry. Besides insights into device fabrication, furthermore, the preparation of the preculture, loading, trapping of bacteria, and the PLBR cultivation of single cells and colonies is demonstrated. These devices will add a new dimension in microbiological research to analyze time dependent phenomena of single bacteria under tight environmental control. Due to the simple and relatively short fabrication process the technology can be easily adapted at any microfluidics lab and simply tailored towards specific needs.

In this protocol the fabrication, setup and basic operation of a microfluidic picoliter bioreactor (PLBR) for single-cell analysis of prokaryotic microorganisms is introduced. Industrially relevant microorganisms were analyzed as proof of principle allowing insights into growth rate, morphology, and phenotypic heterogeneity over certain time periods, hardly possible with conventional methods.

In this protocol the fabrication, experimental setup and basic operation of the recently introduced microfluidic picoliter bioreactor (PLBR) is described ...

Harmonic Nanoparticles for Regenerative Research

In this visualized experiment, protocol details are provided for in vitro labeling of human embryonic stem cells (hESC) with second harmonic generation nanoparticles (HNPs). The latter are a new family of probes recently introduced for labeling biological samples for multi-photon imaging. HNPs are capable of doubling the frequency of excitation light by the nonlinear optical process of second harmonic generation with no restriction on the excitation wavelength.
Multi-photon based methodologies for hESC differentiation into cardiac clusters (maintained as long term air-liquid cultures) are presented in detail. In particular, evidence on how to maximize the intense second harmonic (SH) emission of isolated HNPs during 3D monitoring of beating cardiac tissue in 3D is shown. The analysis of the resulting images to retrieve 3D displacement patterns is also detailed.

Protocol details are provided for in vitro labeling human embryonic stem cells with second harmonic generating nanoparticles. Methodologies for hESC investigation by multi-photon microscopy and their differentiation into cardiac clusters are also presented.

التوافقي النانوية للبحوث التجديدي

In this visualized experiment, protocol details are provided for in vitro labeling of human embryonic stem cells (hESC) with second harmonic generation ...

Generation of a Three-dimensional Full Thickness Skin Equivalent and Automated Wounding

In vitro models are a cost effective and ethical alternative to study cutaneous wound healing processes. Moreover, by using human cells, these models reflect the human wound situation better than animal models. Although two-dimensional models are widely used to investigate processes such as cellular migration and proliferation, models that are more complex are required to gain a deeper knowledge about wound healing. Besides a suitable model system, the generation of precise and reproducible wounds is crucial to ensure comparable results between different test runs. In this study, the generation of a three-dimensional full thickness skin equivalent to study wound healing is shown. The dermal part of the models is comprised of human dermal fibroblast embedded in a rat-tail collagen type I hydrogel. Following the inoculation with human epidermal keratinocytes and consequent culture at the air-liquid interface, a multilayered epidermis is formed on top of the models. To study the wound healing process, we additionally developed an automated wounding device, which generates standardized wounds in a sterile atmosphere.

The goal of this protocol is to build up a three-dimensional full thickness skin equivalent, which resembles natural skin. With a specifically constructed automated wounding device, precise and reproducible wounds can be generated under maintenance of sterility.

جيل من سمك ثلاثي الأبعاد الجلد كامل أي ما يعادل واصابة الآلي

In vitro models are a cost effective and ethical alternative to study cutaneous wound healing processes. Moreover, by using human cells, these models ...

Neonatal Cardiac Scaffolds: Novel Matrices for Regenerative Studies

The only definitive therapy for end stage heart failure is orthotopic heart transplantation. Each year, it is estimated that more than 100,000 donor hearts are needed for cardiac transplantation procedures in the United States1-2. Due to the limited numbers of donors, only approximately 2,400 transplants are performed each year in the U.S.2. Numerous approaches, from cell therapy studies to implantation of mechanical assist devices, have been undertaken, either alone or in combination, in an attempt to coax the heart to repair itself or to rest the failing heart3. In spite of these efforts, ventricular assist devices are still largely used for the purpose of bridging to transplantation and the utility of cell therapies, while they hold some curative promise, is still limited to clinical trials. Additionally, direct xenotransplantation has been attempted but success has been limited due to immune rejection. Clearly, another strategy is required to produce additional organs for transplantation and, ideally, these organs would be autologous so as to avoid the complications associated with rejection and lifetime immunosuppression. Decellularization is a process of removing resident cells from tissues to expose the native extracellular matrix (ECM) or scaffold. Perfusion decellularization offers complete preservation of the three dimensional structure of the tissue, while leaving the bulk of the mechanical properties of the tissue intact4. These scaffolds can be utilized for repopulation with healthy cells to generate research models and, possibly, much needed organs for transplantation. We have exposed the scaffolds from neonatal mice (P3), known to retain remarkable cardiac regenerative capabilities,5-8 to detergent mediated decellularization and we repopulated these scaffolds with murine cardiac cells. These studies support the feasibility of engineering a neonatal heart construct. They further allow for the investigation as to whether the ECM of early postnatal hearts may harbor cues that will result in improved recellularization strategies.

In these studies, we provide methodology for novel, neonatal, murine cardiac scaffolds for use in regenerative studies.

حديثي الولادة القلب السقالات: مصفوفات رواية للدراسات التجدد

The only definitive therapy for end stage heart failure is orthotopic heart transplantation.  Each year, it is estimated that more than 100,000 donor ...

Studying Soft-matter and Biological Systems over a Wide Length-scale from Nanometer and Micrometer Sizes at the Small-angle Neutron Diffractometer KWS-2

The KWS-2 SANS diffractometer is dedicated to the investigation of soft matter and biophysical systems covering a wide length scale, from nm to &#181;m. The instrument is optimized for the exploration of the wide momentum transfer Q range between 1x10-4 and 0.5 &#197;-1 by combining classical pinhole, focusing (with lenses), and time-of-flight (with chopper) methods, while simultaneously providing high-neutron intensities with an adjustable resolution. Because of its ability to adjust the intensity and the resolution within wide limits during the experiment, combined with the possibility to equip specific sample environments and ancillary devices, the KWS-2 shows a high versatility in addressing the broad range of structural and morphological studies in the field. Equilibrium structures can be studied in static measurements, while dynamic and kinetic processes can be investigated over time scales between minutes to tens of milliseconds with time-resolved approaches. Typical systems that are investigated with the KWS-2 cover the range from complex, hierarchical systems that exhibit multiple structural levels (e.g., gels, networks, or macro-aggregates) to small and poorly-scattering systems (e.g., single polymers or proteins in solution). The recent upgrade of the detection system, which enables the detection of count rates in the MHz range, opens new opportunities to study even very small biological morphologies in buffer solution with weak scattering signals close to the buffer scattering level at high Q.
In this paper, we provide a protocol to investigate samples with characteristic size levels spanning a wide length scale and exhibiting ordering in the mesoscale structure using KWS-2. We present in detail how to use the multiple working modes that are offered by the instrument and the level of performance that is achieved.

Here, we present a protocol to investigate soft matter and biophysical systems over a wide mesoscopic length scale, from nm to &#181;m that involves the use of the KWS-2 SANS diffractometer at high intensities and an adjustable resolution.

دراسة لينة المسألة والأنظمة البيولوجية على نطاق واسع طول مقياس من نانومتر وميكرومتر مقاسات صغيرة في الزاوية النيوترون حيود الهئية-2

The KWS-2 SANS diffractometer is dedicated to the investigation of soft matter and biophysical systems covering a wide length scale, from nm to &#181;m. ...

3D Microtissues for Injectable Regenerative Therapy and High-throughput Drug Screening

To upgrade traditional 2D cell culture to 3D cell culture, we have integrated microfabrication with cryogelation technology to produce macroporous microscale cryogels (microcryogels), which can be loaded with a variety of cell types to form 3D microtissues. Herein, we present the protocol to fabricate versatile 3D microtissues and their applications in regenerative therapy and drug screening. Size and shape-controllable microcryogels can be fabricated on an array chip, which can be harvested off-chip as individual cell-loaded carriers for injectable regenerative therapy or be further assembled on-chip into 3D microtissue arrays for high-throughput drug screening. Due to the high elastic nature of these microscale cryogels, the 3D microtissues exhibit great injectability for minimally invasive cell therapy by protecting cells from mechanical shear force during injection. This ensures enhanced cell survival and therapeutic effect in the mouse limb ischemia model. Meanwhile, assembly of 3D microtissue arrays in a standard 384-multi-well format facilitates the use of common laboratory facilities and equipment, enabling high-throughput drug screening on this versatile 3D cell culture platform.

This protocol describes the fabrication of elastic 3D macroporous microcryogels by integrating microfabrication with cryogelation technology. Upon loading with cells, 3D microtissues are generated, which can be readily injected in vivo to facilitate regenerative therapy or assembled into arrays for in vitro high-throughput drug screening.

ميكروتيسويس 3D للعلاج عن طريق الحقن بالتجدد وفحص المخدرات الفائق

To upgrade traditional 2D cell culture to 3D cell culture, we have integrated microfabrication with cryogelation technology to produce macroporous ...

Generic Protocol for Optimization of Heterologous Protein Production Using Automated Microbioreactor Technology

A core business in industrial biotechnology using microbial production cell factories is the iterative process of strain engineering and optimization of bioprocess conditions. One important aspect is the improvement of cultivation medium to provide an optimal environment for microbial formation of the product of interest. It is well accepted that the media composition can dramatically influence overall bioprocess performance. Nutrition medium optimization is known to improve recombinant protein production with microbial systems and thus, this is a rewarding step in bioprocess development. However, very often standard media recipes are taken from literature, since tailor-made design of the cultivation medium is a tedious task that demands microbioreactor technology for sufficient cultivation throughput, fast product analytics, as well as support by lab robotics to enable reliability in liquid handling steps. Furthermore, advanced mathematical methods are required for rationally analyzing measurement data and efficiently designing parallel experiments such as to achieve optimal information content.
The generic nature of the presented protocol allows for easy adaption to different lab equipment, other expression hosts, and target proteins of interest, as well as further bioprocess parameters. Moreover, other optimization objectives like protein production rate, specific yield, or product quality can be chosen to fit the scope of other optimization studies. The applied Kriging Toolbox (KriKit) is a general tool for Design of Experiments (DOE) that contributes to improved holistic bioprocess optimization. It also supports multi-objective optimization which can be important in optimizing both upstream and downstream processes.

This manuscript describes a generic approach for tailor-made design of microbial cultivation media. This is enabled by an iterative workflow combining Kriging-based experimental design and microbioreactor technology for sufficient cultivation throughput, which is supported by lab robotics to increase reliability and speed in liquid handling media preparation.

بروتوكول عام للاستفادة المثلى إنتاج البروتين مغايرة باستخدام تقنية ميكروبيوريكتور الآلي

A core business in industrial biotechnology using microbial production cell factories is the iterative process of strain engineering and optimization of ...

Recombinant Collagen I Peptide Microcarriers for Cell Expansion and Their Potential Use As Cell Delivery System in a Bioreactor Model

Tissue engineering is a promising field, focused on developing solutions for the increasing demand on tissues and organs regarding transplantation purposes. The process to generate such tissues is complex, and includes an appropriate combination of specific cell types, scaffolds, and physical or biochemical stimuli to guide cell growth and differentiation. Microcarriers represent an appealing tool to expand cells in a three-dimensional (3D) microenvironment, since they provide higher surface-to volume ratios and mimic more closely the in vivo situation compared to traditional two-dimensional methods. The vascular system, supplying oxygen and nutrients to the cells and ensuring waste removal, constitutes an important building block when generating engineered tissues. In fact, most constructs fail after being implanted due to lacking vascular support. In this study, we present a protocol for endothelial cell expansion on recombinant collagen-based microcarriers under dynamic conditions in spinner flask and bioreactors, and we explain how to determine in this setting cell viability and functionality. In addition, we propose a method for cell delivery for vascularization purposes without additional detachment steps necessary. Furthermore, we provide a strategy to evaluate the cell vascularization potential in a perfusion bioreactor on a decellularized&#160;biological matrix. We believe that the use of the presented methods could lead to the development of new cell-based therapies for a large range of tissue engineering applications in the clinical practice.

We propose a cell expansion protocol on macroporous microcarriers and their use as delivery system in a perfusion bioreactor to seed a decellularized tissue matrix. We also include different techniques to determine cell proliferation and viability of cells cultured on microcarriers. Furthermore, we demonstrate functionality of cells after bioreactor cultures.

المؤتلف الكولاجين أنا ميكروكاريرس الببتيد لتوسيع الخلية وإمكانية استخدامها كنظام إيصال خلية في مفاعل حيوي نموذج

Tissue engineering is a promising field, focused on developing solutions for the increasing demand on tissues and organs regarding transplantation ...

Construction of a Multilayered Mesenchymal Stem Cell Sheet with a 3D Dynamic Culture System

Stem cell therapy shows a promising future in regenerating injured organ and tissues, and the cell sheet technique has been developed to improve the low cell retention and poor survival within the target zone. However, during the in vitro construction process, a solution for maintaining stem cell bioactivity and increasing the cell amount within the cell sheet is urgently needed. Here, this protocol presents a method for constructing a multilayered cell sheet with favorable stem cell bioactivity and optimal operability. Decellularized porcine pericardium (DPP) is prepared by phospholipase A2 (PLA2) decellularization method as the cell sheet scaffold, and rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are isolated and expanded as the seeded cells. The temporary multilayered cell sheet structure is constructed by using RAD16-I peptide hydrogel. Finally, the cell sheet is cultured with a dynamic perfusion system to stabilize the three-dimensional (3D) structure, and the cell sheet could be obtained following a 48-hour culture in vitro. This protocol provides an efficient and feasible method for constructing a multilayered stem cell sheet, and the cell sheet could be developed as a favorable stem cell therapy product in the future.

This article provides an efficient and feasible method for constructing multilayered stem cell sheets with favorable stem cell property.

بناء ورقة الطبقات الوسيطة من الخلايا الجذعية مع نظام 3D دينامية الثقافة

Stem cell therapy shows a promising future in regenerating injured organ and tissues, and the cell sheet technique has been developed to improve the low ...

Fabrication of the Composite Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface (C-RPNI) in the Adult Rat

Recent advances in neuroprosthetics have enabled those living with extremity loss to reproduce many functions native to the absent extremity, and this is often accomplished through integration with the peripheral nervous system. Unfortunately, methods currently employed are often associated with significant tissue damage which prevents prolonged use. Additionally, these devices often lack any meaningful degree of sensory feedback as their complex construction dampens any vibrations or other sensations a user may have previously depended on when using more simple prosthetics. The composite regenerative peripheral nerve interface (C-RPNI) was developed as a stable, biologic construct with the ability to amplify efferent motor nerve signals while providing simultaneous afferent sensory feedback. The C-RPNI consists of a segment of free dermal and muscle graft secured around a target mixed sensorimotor nerve, with preferential motor nerve reinnervation of the muscle graft and sensory nerve reinnervation of the dermal graft. In rats, this construct has demonstrated the generation of compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs), amplifying the target nerve&#39;s signal from the micro- to milli-volt level, with signal to noise ratios averaging approximately 30-50. Stimulation of the dermal component of the construct generates compound sensory nerve action potentials (CSNAPs) at the proximal nerve. As such, this construct has promising future utility towards the realization of the ideal, intuitive prosthetic.

Fabrication of the Composite Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface C-RPNI in the Adult Rat

The following manuscript describes a novel method for developing a biologic, closed loop neural feedback system termed the composite regenerative peripheral nerve interface (C-RPNI). This construct has the ability to integrate with peripheral nerves to amplify efferent motor signals while simultaneously providing afferent sensory feedback.

تصنيع الواجهة العصبية الطرفية التتجدد المركبة (C-RPNI) في الجرذ البالغ

Recent advances in neuroprosthetics have enabled those living with extremity loss to reproduce many functions native to the absent extremity, and this is ...