Chapter 7
Estimates
什么是估计值？
It isn't easy to measure a parameter such as the mean height or the mean weight of a population. So, we draw samples from the population and calculate ...
样本比例和总体比例
Collecting samples or responses from an entire population takes significant time and effort, so a researcher collects responses from only a sample of that ...
置信区间
An unbiased point estimate is often insufficient to predict a population estimate, such as population mean or population proportion. In this scenario, a ...
置信系数
The confidence coefficient is also known as the confidence level or degree of confidence. It is the percent expression for the probability, 1-α, that ...
置信区间的解释
A confidence interval is a better estimate of the population than a point estimate, as it uses a range of values from a sample instead of a single value.
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临界值
A critical value is a definite value obtained from a particular probability distribution at a predecided confidence level (or a predecided significance ...
误差幅度
The margin of error is also called the maximum error of an estimate. The margin of error is the maximum possible or expected difference between the ...
样本量计算
Knowledge of the sample size is the first requirement to conduct random sampling or an experiment. The sample size is the total number of units, ...
使用已知标准差估计总体均值
To construct a confidence interval for a single unknown population mean μ, where the population standard deviation is known, we need sample mean as ...
估计具有未知标准差的总体均值
In practice, we rarely know the population standard deviation. In the past, when the sample size was large, this did not present a problem to ...
用于估计总体均值的置信区间
A point estimate of the population mean is obtained from a single sample. Such a point estimate does not represent a population well because it needs to ...
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