这项工作得到了国家自然科学基金 （82172107）、广东省自然科学基金 （2021A1515011927， 2021A1515010918， 2020A1515110347）、深圳市医药研究基金 （SMRF.D2301015）、深圳市科技创新委员会（JCYJ20210324135014040、JCYJ20220530172807016、JCYJ20230807150908018、JCYJ20230807150915031）和龙岗区经济技术发展专项资金（LGKCYLWS2022007）。

样本来自中国广东省深圳市龙岗区妇幼保健院同意的健康捐献者。北京中医药大学深圳医院伦理委员会 （SZLDH2020LSYM-095） 和深圳市龙岗区妇幼保健院医学伦理委员会 （LGFYYXLLS-2020-005） 批准了人类样本用于研究。所有实验均根据批准的指南进行。材料 表中列出了试剂和所用设备的详细信息。
1. 人体脐带的采集
<ol><li>在无菌条件下从合作医院获取人脐带样本。 注意：选择 35 岁以下的供体，最好是初产妇，没有肝炎、性传播疾病或遗传疾病病史。乙型肝炎病毒、丙型肝炎病毒和巨细胞病毒的入院检查结果需要为阴性。选择剖宫产作为分娩方式。</li>
	<li>选择一块长度约为 10-15 厘米的笔直且完整的 UC。</li>
	<li>用止血钳闭合两端，并在剖宫产分娩足月新生儿后立即在产钳之间的内端用手术结结扎。（收集的 UC，如图 1 所示，步骤 1）。 注意：剖宫产手术确保采集物无菌。使用 0 或 2-0 缝合线的手术结以获得更好的抗拉强度。</li>
	<li>使用手术剪刀剪断镊子和结之间的绑扎的脐带（图 1，步骤 1）。</li>
	<li>用生理盐水冲洗以去除表面的任何污染血凝块，并立即转移到含有 20 mL 无菌磷酸盐缓冲盐水 （PBS） 的无菌 50 mL 塑料管中。 注意：转移过程中未使用抗生素。</li>
	<li>密封管子。将其放在聚苯乙烯盒中的冰上，并在 4 °C 下储存，然后再运输到实验室。 注意：在收集后 4 小时内解剖脐带。</li>
</ol>2. 从脐带中分离沃顿氏胶
<ol><li>按照以下步骤处理脐带：<ol><li>用手术器械、无菌包装的 90 mm 培养皿、1000 μL 移液器、无菌 PBS、75% 乙醇溶液和无异种成分的人 MSC 培养基准备无菌托盘。 注意：齿形镊子和蚊夹可以有效地处理滑行的绳索。</li>
		<li>在将所需物品放入生物安全柜内之前，对所需物品和工作区进行表面净化。 注意： 在开始工作之前，让工作区的空气吹扫几分钟。</li>
		<li>对试管表面进行消毒，并将样品取出到生物安全柜中的培养皿中。将带有结的样品浸入 75% 乙醇中 30 秒，然后在新的培养皿中用无菌 PBS 多次冲洗。 注意： 在浸入 75% 乙醇之前，必须将绳索结扎，浸入时间应限制在 30 秒至 1 分钟，以便对绳索进行完全消毒而不损坏。</li>
		<li>剪掉结，用手术剪刀和镊子将两个结之间的绳索横向剪成约 2 厘米长的短块。 注意： 带结的绳索末端应丢弃。UC 的长度不应太长或太短;这两种情况都可能增加操作的难度。</li>
		<li>使用 1000 μL 移液器用 PBS 灌注静脉（较大的血管），直到从脐带另一端流出的液体完全透明19。</li>
	</ol></li>
	<li>解剖脐带。<ol><li>将已切好的一块转移到新的培养皿中。 注意：两条动脉和一条静脉应在横截面8 上明显暴露（图 2B）。</li>
		<li>添加适量的 PBS 以在整个操作过程中保持电源线湿润。</li>
		<li>用镊子抓住脐带，并在蚊夹的帮助下沿其长轴拉出动脉。 注意： 如果动脉已撕裂，请尝试从脐带的另一端拉出，因为动脉壁具有很大的弹性。</li>
		<li>将镊子的一片刀片插入脐静脉，然后夹紧，确保镊子夹在较粗的一侧，将脐带水平固定，较粗的一面朝上。</li>
		<li>使用手术刀沿着镊子另一刀片的边缘在羊膜上皮层上从一端到另一端做一个线性切口（图3）。 注意：通过尽可能少地切割 WJ 来保持沃顿商学院果冻的完整性。</li>
		<li>从切割间隙的一个角开始。用齿夹提起羊膜上皮的一角，然后继续用角膜剪刀沿着上皮内表面水平切割。<ol><li>用夹子将沃顿氏胶和羊膜上皮分开，并逐渐扩大到 UC 一端的整个圆圈。纵向剥离上皮层（图 3）。 注意：沃顿胶是一种被致密的羊膜上皮包裹的粘液结缔组织8。整个操作应该顺利，但如果在剥皮过程中遇到困难，可以使用蚊夹进行钝性解剖。</li>
		</ol></li>
		<li>将镊子的两个刀片插入静脉内，夹住一部分 WJ，然后将其翻转以露出脐静脉的上皮（图 3）。</li>
		<li>很容易剥离静脉的上皮，因为内部张力在静脉上皮和血管周围 WJ 之间形成分离（图 3）。</li>
	</ol></li>
	<li>使用常规方法剖剖 UC 进行比较20.<ol><li>选择另一个已经切割的样品，其重量与之前的脐带几乎相同，然后将其转移到新的培养皿中。</li>
		<li>用剪刀沿脐静脉纵向剪断，并展开 UC 以露出血管和 WJ。</li>
		<li>去除脐静脉和两条动脉，然后用剪刀和手术刀将 WJ 从内皮层上取下。</li>
	</ol></li>
</ol>3. UC-MSC 的分离和培养
<ol><li>将收集的 WJ 放入预先标记的 90 mm 培养皿中，并用剪刀和镊子将其切成 1-3 mm 的小块。</li>
	<li>将底部带盖的培养皿倒置，并将其置于 37 °C 的 5% CO2 培养箱中 30 分钟，以加强碎片与塑料表面之间的附着。</li>
	<li>将培养皿翻转过来，轻轻加入适量的人 MSC 培养基以进一步培养。 注意： 使用最低速度以确保部件仍处于连接状态。</li>
	<li>每 3 天更换一次人 MSC 培养基。在前 7 天内每 2 天更换三分之二的培养基并观察纤维细胞生长的外观，更换完整的培养基，此后每天观察一次。 注意：前 7 天避免移动培养皿。在大约 4 天内观察到成纤维细胞样细胞的显着生长。</li>
	<li>传代培养直至汇合度达到 80%。 注意：此步骤需要 7-10 天。<ol><li>在水浴中将 PBS、0.25% 胰蛋白酶和无异种成分的人 MSC 培养基预热至 37 °C。</li>
		<li>用移液管吸出上清液后用 PBS 冲洗，然后用预热的 0.25% 胰蛋白酶分离细胞，直到可以通过敲击培养皿将细胞脱落。</li>
		<li>通过以 4：1 的比例混合预热的 MSC 培养基来灭活胰蛋白酶，收集细胞悬液，并在 4 °C 下以 300 x g 离心 5 分钟。 注：这些细胞被视为传代 0 （P0）。</li>
		<li>用移液管弃去上清液，将细胞重悬于人 MSC 培养基中，并以 1x104 个细胞/cm2 的接种密度接种到新的培养皿中进行增殖。</li>
	</ol></li>
	<li>使用血细胞计数器，在第一次、第二次和第三次传代扩增后计数两种方法的总细胞数。在显微镜下确定第一、第三和第五代的细胞形态。 注意：这些细胞的形态应与 P0 细胞相似。</li>
	<li>在第 5 次传代时使用细胞进行流式细胞术和其他实验。</li>
</ol>4. 流式细胞术表达细胞表面标志物
<ol><li>用 0.25% 胰蛋白酶分离第 5 代 （P5） 细胞，用细胞染色缓冲液洗涤细胞，并在 4 °C 下以 300 x g 离心 5 分钟。 用细胞染色缓冲液重悬沉淀，每个沉淀至 100 μL。</li>
	<li>按照制造商的说明，标记每个试管并加入适量的抗体，这些抗体与别藻蓝蛋白 （APC）、异硫氰酸荧光素 （FITC） 或藻红蛋白 （PE） 偶联：CD44-APC、CD73-APC、CD90-FIFC、CD105-FIFC、CD11B-PE、CD19-PE、CD43-PE、HLA-DR-PE21。在室温下避光孵育 15-20 分钟。</li>
	<li>将染色的细胞在 4 °C 下以 300 x g 离心 5 分钟，用移液管吸出上清液，并用细胞染色缓冲液洗涤一次。</li>
	<li>用 300 μL 细胞染色缓冲液重复细胞离心和重悬。</li>
	<li>通过流式细胞仪运行细胞，并根据制造商的说明分析抗体染色的细胞。</li>
</ol>5. 用细胞计数法测定细胞生长曲线
<ol><li>使用两种方法通过在人 MSC 培养基中稀释 P5 细胞来制备 P5 细胞的单细胞悬液。</li>
	<li>在 24 孔板中每孔接种 8,000 个细胞，每种方法总共接种 21 个孔。 注：接种前用移液管吹气和抽吸轻轻混合细胞。</li>
	<li>接种 24 小时后，从三个孔中收获细胞。使用血细胞计数器进行细胞计数以计算平均值。 注意：在细胞计数之前摇动板。可以延长振荡的持续时间以防止形成细胞聚集体。</li>
	<li>每 24 小时重复细胞计数，总持续时间为 7 天。在 X 轴上使用时间 （d） 和 Y 轴上的细胞计数 （x104/mL） 绘制生长曲线。</li>
</ol>

从人脐带中解剖和分离 WJ-MSC

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M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Concise+review:+Multifaceted+characterization+of+human+mesenchymal+stem+cells+for+use+in+regenerative+medicine.">Concise review: Multifaceted characterization of human mesenchymal stem cells for use in regenerative medicine.</a> Stem Cells Transl Med. 6 (12), 2173-2185 (2017).</li><li>Sypecka, M., Bzinkowska, A., Sulejczak, D., Dabrowski, F., Sarnowska, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Evaluation+of+the+optimal+manufacturing+protocols+and+therapeutic+properties+of+mesenchymal+stem/stromal+cells+derived+from+Wharton's+jelly.">Evaluation of the optimal manufacturing protocols and therapeutic properties of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells derived from Wharton's jelly.</a> Int J Mol Sci. 24 (1), 652 (2022).</li><li>Binato, R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Stability+of+human+mesenchymal+stem+cells+during+in+vitro+culture:+Considerations+for+cell+therapy.">Stability of human mesenchymal stem cells during in vitro culture: Considerations for cell therapy.</a> Cell Prolif. 46 (1), 10-22 (2012).</li><li>Mushahary, D., Spittler, A., Kasper, C., Weber, V., Charwat, V. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Isolation,+cultivation,+and+characterization+of+human+mesenchymal+stem+cells.">Isolation, cultivation, and characterization of human mesenchymal stem cells.</a> Cytometry A. 93 (1), 19-31 (2018).</li><li>Hendijani, F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Explant+culture:+An+advantageous+method+for+isolation+of+mesenchymal+stem+cells+from+human+tissues.">Explant culture: An advantageous method for isolation of mesenchymal stem cells from human tissues.</a> Cell Prolif. 50 (2), 12334 (2017).</li></ol>

作者报告没有利益冲突。

MSC 代表了一个充满活力的研究领域，对再生医学具有深远影响22。它们的独特特性使它们成为科学探索的焦点，并有可能彻底改变各种疾病和伤害的治疗7。WJ-MSC 是 MSC 的一个独特子集，可以从位于血管间上皮和羊膜上皮之间的 UC 内的凝胶状结缔组织获得23。MSC 的临床应用在于获得足够的细胞数量24。然而，随着传代次数的增...

自 1991 年首次从沃顿商学院果冻 （WJ） 中分离出间充质干细胞 （MSC） 以来，这些多能干细胞因其再生特性和多系分化能力而受到研究人员的极大关注1。MSC 可以从各种来源分离，包括骨髓、外周血、牙髓、脂肪组织、胎儿（人类流产）和分娩相关组织2。脐带 （UC） 因其非侵入性、丰富的细胞产量和分化能力、高增殖率、分化潜能和免疫调节特性而成为一种很有前途的储存库3。胎儿 MSC 表现出很强的干性和免疫特性，使其成为过去二十年进行的临床试验和基础研究的主要焦点 2,4,5。与其他来源的 MSC（如骨髓或脂肪组织）相比，UC 来源的 MSC 具有卓越的治疗潜力 6,7。
UC 由羊膜上皮、三根血管（两条动脉和一条静脉）和称为 WJ3 的凝胶状物质组成。有趣的是，UC 构成了一个简单的脉管系统，仅由内皮和间皮组成，而不包括外膜;WJ 不含淋巴或神经8.UC 具有独特的结构，非常适合分段分离。UC-MSC 主要位于 WJ。MSCs 可以从 WJ 的不同隔室中分离出来，包括羊膜、亚羊膜（羊膜和亚羊膜也被指定为脐带膜区域）和 WJ 的血管周围区域8。WJ 的每个区域都有自己的结构、免疫组织化学特征和功能 3,6。
与来自其他地区的 MSC 相比，从 UC 的 WJ 分离的 MSC 被广泛认为具有更高的临床效用3。WJ-MSC 因其多线分化潜能、免疫调节特性、旁分泌作用、抗炎作用和免疫特权特性，已在临床前和临床环境中被广泛研究用于治疗各种疾病 2,3。WJ-MSC 已被证明在治疗一系列疾病方面具有前景，包括移植物抗宿主病 （GvHD）、移植物排斥反应、克罗恩病、自身免疫性疾病和心血管疾病 9,10,11,12,13,14。随着 WJ-MSCs 的临床需求不断增加，脐带供应短缺目前是其广泛应用的障碍。
WJ-MSC 的产量取决于用于细胞提取的方法15。虽然 WJ-MSC 可以通过外植体培养或酶消化分离，但后一种方法的传播时间较长，这可能会增加细胞损伤的风险并降低细胞活力16。然而，大量研究表明，外植体培养方法可提高细胞产量和活力，并且外植体组织释放的旁分泌因子也有助于促进细胞增殖17,18。
本研究采用独特的解剖方法获得整个 WJ，产生具有增强增殖能力、活力和数量的 MSCs，同时最大限度地减少对 WJ 的损害。这种创新方法为分离 WJ-MSC 提供了一种简化的策略，满足了 MSC 应用中的关键需求。

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			<td>Biolegend&#160;</td>
			<td>338806</td>
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			<td>Biolegend&#160;</td>
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			<td>HERAcell 150i</td>
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			<td>D-PBS</td>
			<td>Solarbio</td>
			<td>D1040</td>
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			<td>Electro- thermostatic Blast Oven</td>
			<td>Shanghai JingHong</td>
			<td>DHG-9423A</td>
			<td></td>
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			<td>FITC anti-human CD105 Antibody&#160;</td>
			<td>Biolegend&#160;</td>
			<td>323204</td>
			<td></td>
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			<td>FITC anti-human CD90 (Thy1) Antibody&#160;</td>
			<td>Biolegend&#160;</td>
			<td>328108</td>
			<td></td>
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			<td>FITC Mouse IgG1, &#954; Isotype Ctrl (FC) Antibody</td>
			<td>Biolegend&#160;</td>
			<td>400110</td>
			<td></td>
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			<td>Flow Cytometry</td>
			<td>Beckman</td>
			<td>CytoFLEX</td>
			<td></td>
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			<td>hemocytometer</td>
			<td>Superior Marienfeld</td>
			<td>640410</td>
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			<td>Intracellular Staining Permeabilization Wash Buffer (10&#215;)&#160;</td>
			<td>Biolegend&#160;</td>
			<td>421002</td>
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			<td>Inverted Biological Microscope</td>
			<td>ZEISS</td>
			<td>Axio Vert. A1</td>
			<td></td>
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			<td>Liquid Nitrogen Storage Tank</td>
			<td>Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td>CY50935-70</td>
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			<td>Normal saline (NS)</td>
			<td>Meilunbio</td>
			<td>MA0083</td>
			<td></td>
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			<td>PBS</td>
			<td>Solarbio</td>
			<td>P1032</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PE anti-human CD11b Antibody</td>
			<td>Biolegend&#160;</td>
			<td>393112</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PE anti-human CD19 Antibody&#160;</td>
			<td>Biolegend&#160;</td>
			<td>392506</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
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			<td>PE anti-human CD34 Antibody</td>
			<td>Biolegend&#160;</td>
			<td>343606</td>
			<td></td>
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			<td>PE anti-human CD45 Antibody</td>
			<td>Biolegend&#160;</td>
			<td>368510</td>
			<td></td>
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			<td>PE anti-human HLA-DR Antibody&#160;</td>
			<td>Biolegend&#160;</td>
			<td>307606</td>
			<td></td>
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			<td>PE Mouse IgG1, &#954; Isotype Ctrl (FC) Antibody</td>
			<td>Biolegend&#160;</td>
			<td>400114</td>
			<td></td>
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			<td>PE Mouse IgG2a, &#954; Isotype Ctrl (FC) Antibody</td>
			<td>Biolegend&#160;</td>
			<td>400214</td>
			<td></td>
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		<tr>
			<td>Precision Electronic Balance</td>
			<td>Satorius</td>
			<td>PRACTUM313-1CN</td>
			<td></td>
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			<td>Snowflake Ice Machine</td>
			<td>ZIEGRA</td>
			<td>ZBE 30-10</td>
			<td></td>
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			<td>steriled 50 mL plastic tube</td>
			<td>Greniner</td>
			<td>227270</td>
			<td></td>
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			<td>Thermostatic Water Bath</td>
			<td>Shanghai YiHeng</td>
			<td>HWS12</td>
			<td></td>
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			<td>Trypsin 1:250</td>
			<td>Solarbio</td>
			<td>T8150</td>
			<td></td>
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		<tr>
			<td>UltraGRO-Advanced</td>
			<td>Helios&#160;</td>
			<td>HPCFDCGL50</td>
			<td></td>
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			<td>Ultrapure and Pure Water Purification System</td>
			<td>Milli-Q</td>
			<td>Milli-Q Reference</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
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			<td>Xeno-Free Human MSC Culture Medium</td>
			<td>FUKOKU&#160;</td>
			<td>T2011301</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
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</table>

isolation of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells with high yields and low damage

间充质干细胞 （MSC） 是一组具有显著再生和免疫调节特性的多能细胞。来自脐带 （UC） 的沃顿胶 （WJ） 作为 MSC 的杰出来源，在生物医学领域引起了越来越多的兴趣。然而，出现了供应有限和现有方法缺乏标准化等挑战。本文提出了一种通过从脐带解剖完整 WJ 来提高 MSC 产量的新方法。该方法采用平割去除上皮层，保持整个 WJ 的完整性，并导致收获的 MSC 的数量和活力增加。与传统的尖锐解剖方法相比，这种方法显着减少了 WJ 废物。为了确保 WJ-MSC 的纯度并最大限度地减少外部细胞影响，在翻转 UC 后利用内部张力剥离内皮。此外，在外植体培养过程中，培养皿短时间倒置，以改善粘附和细胞生长。比较分析证明了所提出的方法的优越性，与传统方法相比，WJ 和 WJ-MSCs 的产量更高，活力更好。两种方法中细胞表面标志物的相似形态和表达模式证实了它们在各种应用中的表征和纯度。该方法为 WJ-MSC 分离提供了一种高产量和高活力的方法，显示出 MSCs 临床应用的巨大潜力。

Since the first isolation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) from Wharton&#39;s jelly (WJ) in 1991, these multipotent stem cells have gained significant attention from researchers due to their regenerative properties and multilineage differentiation capacity1. MSCs can be isolated from various sources, including bone marrow, peripheral blood, dental pulp, adipose tissue, fetal (human abortion), and birth-related tissues2. The umbilical cord (UC) has emerged as a promising reservoir due to its non-invasive nature, abundant cell yield and differentiation capacity, exhibiting a high rate of proliferation, differentiation potential, and immune modulation properties3. Fetal MSCs exhibit strong stemness and immune properties, making them the primary focus of clinical trials and basic research conducted over the past two decades2,4,5. UC-derived MSCs have superior therapeutic potential compared to other sources of MSC, such as bone marrow or adipose tissue6,7.
The UC is composed of amniotic epithelium, three vessels (two arteries and one vein), and the gelatinous substance known as WJ3. Intriguingly, the UC constitutes a simple vasculature, consisting only of the endothelium and mesothelium, but not the tunica adventitia; the WJ does not contain lymph or nerves8. The UC presents a unique structure ideal for segmental separation. UC-MSCs are primarily located in the WJ. MSCs could be isolated from different compartments of the WJ, including amnion, subamnion (the amnion and subamnion also designated as cord lining region), and the perivascular area of the WJ8. Each region of the WJ has its own structure, immunohistochemical characteristics, and function3,6.
MSCs isolated from the WJ of the UC are widely regarded as having superior clinical utility compared to those from other regions3. WJ-MSCs have been extensively studied in preclinical and clinical settings for the treatment of various diseases due to their multi-line differentiation potential, immunomodulatory properties, paracrine effects, anti-inflammatory effects, and immune-privileged properties2,3. WJ-MSCs have been proven to hold promise in treating a range of diseases, including graft-versus-host disease (GvHD), graft rejection, Crohn&#39;s disease, autoimmune diseases, and cardiovascular diseases9,10,11,12,13,14. As clinical demand for WJ-MSCs continues to increase, the shortage supply of umbilical cords is currently an impediment to their widespread applications.
The yield of WJ-MSCs is dependent on the method used for cell extraction15. While WJ-MSCs can be isolated through explant culture or enzyme digestion, the latter method has a longer propagation time that may increase the risk of cell damage and decrease cell viability16. However, numerous studies have shown that the explant culture method increases cell yields and viability, and that paracrine factors released from explant tissues also help promote cell proliferation17,18.
This study applied a unique dissection approach to obtain whole WJ, yielding MSCs with enhanced proliferative capacity, viability, and quantity, while minimizing damage to the WJ. This innovative method offers a streamlined strategy for isolating WJ-MSCs, addressing critical needs in MSC applications.

作者聚焦：干细胞来源的血管化类器官的进展和沃顿胶的优化分离以增强 MSC 生产

高产量和低损伤分离脐带来源的间充质干细胞

Our research used human stem cells to create various organoids. They can mimic human organs. We developed unique techniques for mesoderm and endoderm co-differentiation.They enable these organoids with rich blood networks. These organoids will promote organ development, regeneration medicine, disease model, drug screening, and personalized medicine, such as organoid transplantation. Our protocol addresses a research gap in optimizing the isolation of intact Wharton's jelly from the umbilical cord, while preserving its perivascular and subamniotic components.This method aims to enhance the yield, viability, and proliferative ability of mesenchymal stem cells, offering a cost-effective approach to augment MSC production. The advantage of our protocol lies in its ability to obtain a higher Wharton's jelly's yield and harvest more MSCs with better proliferative ability compared to traditional methods.

图 1 总结了收集和培养 UC-MSC 的程序及其后续分析。使用独特的方法将 UC 整齐地分为几个部分;主要流程的具体操作示意图如图 2 所示。常规监测和记录来自外植体培养物的细胞生长。在培养外植体后约 4 天观察到贴壁纺锤形细胞，并越来越多地爬行成涡状。这些细胞也被鉴定为 P0 并继续增殖以进行后续传代，同时在增殖和传代过程中保持均匀的大小?...

本研究提出了一种独特的钝性解剖程序，以保持沃顿胶 （WJ） 的完整性，从而减少受损的 WJ 并提高收获的间充质干细胞 （MSC） 的数量和活力。与传统的尖锐解剖方法相比，该方法表现出优异的产量和增殖能力。

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a population of multipotent cells with remarkable regenerative and immunomodulatory properties. Wharton's jelly (WJ) ...

isolation-umbilical-cord-derived-mesenchymal-stem-cells-with-high

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Isolation of Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells with High Yields and Low Damage

898 次观看.  Beijing University of Chinese Medicine. 我们的研究使用人类干细胞来制造各种类器官。它们可以模仿人体器官。我们开发了独特的中胚层和内胚层共分化技术。它们使这些类器官具有丰富的血液网络。这些类器官将促进器官发育、再生医学、疾病模型、药物筛选和个性化医疗，例如类器官移植。我们的方案解决了从脐带中优化完整沃顿氏胶分离方面的研究空白，同时保留了其血管周...

视频: 作者聚焦：干细胞来源的血管化类器官的进展和沃顿胶的优化分离以增强 MSC 生产

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a population of multipotent cells with remarkable regenerative and immunomodulatory properties. Wharton's jelly (WJ) from the umbilical cord (UC) has gained increasing interest in the biomedical field as an outstanding source of MSCs. However, challenges such as limited supply and lack of standardization in existing methods have arisen. This article presents a novel method for enhancing MSC yield by dissecting intact WJ from the umbilical cord. The method employs blunt dissection to remove the epithelial layer, maintaining the integrity of the entire WJ and resulting in an increased quantity and viability of harvested MSCs. This approach significantly reduces WJ waste compared to conventional sharp dissection methods. To ensure the purity of WJ-MSCs and minimize external cellular influence, a procedure utilizing internal tension to peel off the endothelium after flipping the UC was conducted. Additionally, the Petri dish was inverted for a short time during explant culture to improve attachment and cell outgrowth. Comparative analysis demonstrated the superiority of the proposed method, showing a higher yield of WJ and WJ-MSCs with better viability than traditional methods. The similar morphology and expression pattern of cell surface markers in both methods confirm their characterization and purity for various applications. This method provides a high-yield and high-viability approach for WJ-MSC isolation, demonstrating great potential for the clinical application of MSCs.

This study presents a unique blunt dissection procedure to preserve the integrity of Wharton's jelly (WJ), resulting in less damaged WJ and a greater quantity and viability of the harvested mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The method demonstrates superior yield and proliferative ability compared to conventional sharp dissection methods.

科研

医学

Isolation and Culture of Wharton&#39;s Jelly-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (WJ-MSCs) from the Umbilical Cord

To begin, place all the sterile surgical instruments on the working platform. In the biosafety cabinet, disinfect the surface of the tube containing the previously collected human umbilical cord with 75%ethanol. Remove the sample into a Petri dish.Immerse the sample with the knots in 75%ethanol for 30 seconds. Then, in a new Petri dish, rinse the sample multiple times with sterile PBS. Using surgical scissors and forceps, cut the knots off, then cut the cord between two knots transversely into short pieces.Perfuse the vein with PBS using a one milliliter pipette until the fluid coming out of the other end of the cord becomes completely transparent. Transfer one of the already cut pieces of umbilical cord to a new Petri dish. Add the appropriate amount of PBS to keep the cord wet throughout the operation.Grasp the cord with forceps and pull out the arteries along its major axis with the help of mosquito clamps. To fix the cord horizontally with the thicker side facing up, insert one blade of the forceps into the umbilical vein and clamp it tightly, ensuring the forceps clamp on the thicker side. Using a scalpel, make a linear incision on the amniotic epithelium layer from one end to the other, along the edge of the other blade of the forceps.From the cutting gap corner, lift the corner of the amniotic epithelium with tooth clamps, and continue to cut horizontally a little further with corneal scissors along the inner surface of the epithelium. Separate the Wharton's jelly and amniotic epithelium with clamps, and gradually expand to the whole circle of one end of the umbilical cord. Peel off the epithelial layer lengthways.Insert both blades of the forceps inside the vein. Clamp a portion of Wharton's jelly, and then flip it inside out to expose the epithelium of the umbilical vein. Peel off the epithelium of the vein easily.Place the collected Wharton's jelly in a pre-labeled 90 millimeter Petri dish and cut it into one to three millimeter pieces with scissors and forceps. Invert the dish with the cap on the bottom and place it in a 5%carbon dioxide incubator at 37 degrees Celsius for 30 minutes. Change the human mesenchymal stem cell culture medium every three days.Compared to the conventional approach, the unique blunt dissection procedure showed a significant increase in Wharton's jelly yield. Further analysis by counting the total quantity of Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells by both methods showed a pronounced gap in cell quantity with increasing passage numbers. The proliferation rate of mesenchymal stem cells in the novel method was significantly higher after two days.