Name: an efficient method to obtain dedifferentiated fat cells
Uploaded: 2016-07-15T13:00:00.000+00:00
Duration: 6 min 11 s
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about An Efficient Method to Obtain Dedifferentiated Fat Cells at JoVE.com

This research was supported in part by Program for Creating Start-ups from Advanced Research and Technology (START Program) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (ST261006IP, TM) and by Program for the Strategic Research Foundation at Private Universities (2014-2019) (S1411018, TM) from the Ministry of Education, Sports, Science and Technology.

Proben von menschlichem subkutanen Fettgewebes wurden von Patienten in der Chirurgie in der Abteilung für Plastische Chirurgie, Urologie, Kinderchirurgie und Orthopädische Chirurgie der Nihon Universität Itabashi Hospital (Tokyo, Japan) erhalten. Die Patienten gaben informierte Zustimmung geschrieben, und die Ethikkommission der Nihon University School of Medicine der Studie zugelassen. 1. Gewebepräparation <ol><li> Bringen Sie die Gewebeprobe aus dem Operationssaal zu Labor. </li><li> Wash 1-2 g Fettgewebe mit 5 ml PBS (-) bei Raumtemperatur (RT) einmal, in einem 50-ml-Röhrchen und dann die Probe in einem 10 cm Plastikschale. </li></ol> 2. Collagenaseverdau <ol><li> Entfernen der Probe aus der PBS (-), dann werden 10 ml steriler 0,1% (w / v) Lösung Kollagenase (Kollagenase Typ II) in die Schale der Gewebeprobe enthält. </li><li> Mince das Gewebe mit einer chirurgischen Schere für etwa 15 Minuten, bis er eine pürierte erreicht bestehenparenz. </li><li> Anschließend verdauen das zerkleinerte Gewebe in dem 0,1% (w / v) Kollagenase-Lösung bei 37 ° C für 30 min (60 rpm) in einem 50 ml Röhrchen unter leichtem Schütteln auf einem Schüttler. </li><li> Filtern Sie die aufgeschlossene Probe durch ein 100 um-Filter in ein 50 ml Röhrchen. Als nächstes wurden 10 ml DCM passieren mit 2% FBS durch den Filter ergänzt (siehe Tabelle der Materialien). </li></ol> 3. Zell Isolation <ol><li> Zentrifugieren der filtrierten Zellen bei 100 · g für 1 min bei RT. </li><li> An dieser Stelle vorbereiten 5 ml DCM mit 2% FBS in einer 50-ml-Tube ergänzt. </li><li> die schwimmenden Fettzellen unter Verwendung einer 1000 ul Pipette und fügen Sie die Zellen in ein 50 ml Röhrchen, das Medium Als nächstes erstellen. </li><li> Anschließend schütteln Sie die 50-ml-Röhrchen vorsichtig das DCM-Medium mit den Zellen zu mischen. </li><li> Zentrifuge dann das Rohr bei 100 × g für 1 min bei RT. </li><li> Verwerfen das Medium an der Unterseite des Rohrs eine 18 G-Nadel und einer 20 ml Spritze. </li><li> Als nächstes werden 10 ml DCM supplemented mit 2% FBS zu den gesammelten Zellen. </li><li> Mischen Sie die DCM mit den Zellen durch Schütteln des 50-ml-Röhrchen sanft. </li><li> Zentrifugieren Sie die Röhrchen bei 100 g für 1 min bei RT. </li></ol> 4. Plating Cells <ol><li> Hinzufügen 41 ml DCM oder DMEM, supplementiert mit 20% FBS auf eine 12,5 cm-Kolben. </li><li> Als nächstes wird unter Verwendung einer 200 ul Pipette 40 ul Fettzellen in den Kolben hinzufügen. </li><li> Dann füllen Sie den Kolben mit DCM oder DMEM mit 20% FBS ergänzt. Kritischste Schritt: An dieser Stelle sicher, dass die Zellen im gesamten Medium verteilt sind. Eine Sichtprüfung der abgelösten Zellen und danach den Kolben eines runden Petrischale auf dem Deckel halten es flach zu halten. </li><li> Schließlich wird der Kolben im Inkubator und lassen Sie es für 7 Tage bei 37 ° C in einem 5% CO 2 Inkubator ungestört. </li><li> Nach einer Woche Inkubation kehren die Kolben und prüfen, ob DFAT Zellen. Als nächstes beurteilen Tüchtigkeit DFAT Zellgeneration wie seit fibrobl an dieser Stelle 10 beschriebenast-ähnlichen Zellen (DFAT Zellen) werden in den Regionen unterscheiden sich von Fettzellen. </li><li> 5 ml DCM oder DMEM, supplementiert mit 20% FBS in den Kolben der früheren Zellkulturmedium nach der Entfernung. Lassen Sie die DFAT Zellen für eine weitere Woche zu wachsen, nachdem das Medium verändert. </li><li> Mit Hilfe eines Zellzählers, zählen die Anzahl der DFAT unter verschiedenen Zellkulturbedingungen (DCM gegen DMEM) erzeugten Zellen. </li></ol>

<ol>
	<li>Lanzoni, G., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Concise+review:+clinical+programs+of+stem+cell+therapies+for+liver+and+pancreas.">Concise review: clinical programs of stem cell therapies for liver and pancreas.</a> Stem Cells. 31 (10), 2047-2060 (2013).</li><li>de Girolamo, L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mesenchymal+stem/stromal+cells:+a+new+"cells+as+drugs"+paradigm.+Efficacy+and+critical+aspects+in+cell+therapy.">Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells: a new "cells as drugs" paradigm. Efficacy and critical aspects in cell therapy.</a> Curr. Pharm. Des. 19 (13), 2459-2473 (2013).</li><li>Lindroos, B., Suuronen, R., Miettinen, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+potential+of+adipose+stem+cells+in+regenerative+medicine.">The potential of adipose stem cells in regenerative medicine.</a> Stem Cell. Rev. 7 (2), 269-291 (2011).</li><li>Yan, J., Tie, G., Xu, T. Y., Cecchini, K., Messina, L. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mesenchymal+stem+cells+as+a+treatment+for+peripheral+arterial+disease:+current+status+and+potential+impact+of+type+II+diabetes+on+their+therapeutic+efficacy.">Mesenchymal stem cells as a treatment for peripheral arterial disease: current status and potential impact of type II diabetes on their therapeutic efficacy.</a> Stem Cell. Rev. 9 (3), 360-372 (2013).</li><li>Ringden, O., Keating, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mesenchymal+stromal+cells+as+treatment+for+chronic+GVHD.">Mesenchymal stromal cells as treatment for chronic GVHD.</a> Bone Marrow Transplant. 46 (2), 163-164 (2011).</li><li>Matsumoto, T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mature+adipocyte-derived+dedifferentiated+fat+cells+exhibit+multilineage+potential.">Mature adipocyte-derived dedifferentiated fat cells exhibit multilineage potential.</a> J. Cell. Physiol. 215 (1), 210-222 (2008).</li><li>Lessard, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Generation+of+human+adipose+stem+cells+through+dedifferentiation+of+mature+adipocytes+in+ceiling+cultures.">Generation of human adipose stem cells through dedifferentiation of mature adipocytes in ceiling cultures.</a> J. Vis. Exp. (97), (2015).</li><li>Lessard, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Characterization+of+dedifferentiating+human+mature+adipocytes+from+the+visceral+and+subcutaneous+fat+compartments:+fibroblast-activation+protein+alpha+and+dipeptidyl+peptidase+4+as+major+components+of+matrix+remodeling.">Characterization of dedifferentiating human mature adipocytes from the visceral and subcutaneous fat compartments: fibroblast-activation protein alpha and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 as major components of matrix remodeling.</a> PLoS One. 10 (3), 0122065 (2015).</li><li>Peng, X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Phenotypic+and+Functional+Properties+of+Porcine+Dedifferentiated+Fat+Cells+during+the+Long-Term+Culture+In+Vitro.">Phenotypic and Functional Properties of Porcine Dedifferentiated Fat Cells during the Long-Term Culture In Vitro.</a> Biomed. Res. Int. 2015, 673651 (2015).</li><li>Kono, S., Kazama, T., Kano, K., Harada, K., Uechi, M., Matsumoto, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Phenotypic+and+functional+properties+of+feline+dedifferentiated+fat+cells+and+adipose-derived+stem+cells.">Phenotypic and functional properties of feline dedifferentiated fat cells and adipose-derived stem cells.</a> Vet. J. 199 (1), 88-96 (2014).</li><li>Bellin, M., Marchetto, M. C., Gage, F. H., Mummery, C. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Induced+pluripotent+stem+cells:+the+new+patient.">Induced pluripotent stem cells: the new patient.</a> Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 13 (11), 713-726 (2012).</li></ol>

The authors have nothing to disclose.

Ältere Adipozyten , die in vitro Dedifferenzierung, ein Verfahren bekannt , als Deckenkultur unterzogen werden , können zu einer primitiveren Phänotyp zurückkehren und proliferativen Fähigkeiten gewinnen. Diese Zellen werden als dedifferenzierte Fett (DFAT) -Zellen bezeichnet. Die multilineage Differenzierungspotential von DFAT Zellen wurde bewertet. Durchflusszytometrie Analyse und Genexpressionsanalyse ergab , dass DFAT Zellen im Vergleich zu ASCS 6 sehr homogen waren. In der Tat ist das Zello...

Die Zelltherapie und Tissue Engineering sind heiße Themen auf dem Gebiet der regenerativen Medizin 1-5. Während diese therapeutischen Modalitäten großes Versprechen halten, die derzeit einige technische Probleme, ihre klinische Anwendung behindern. In diesem Zusammenhang ist, wie bei der Erzeugung von iPS-Zellen, alle Therapien Tissue Engineering müssen Zellen frei von äußeren Gen Transduktionen produzieren, um die Sicherheit der Patienten zu gewährleisten. Dementsprechend waren wir die erste Gruppe erfolgreich menschliche DFAT Zellen produzieren 6. Mehrere andere Arbeitsgruppen haben unsere Methode , da angenommen DFAT Zellen von Säugetieren 7-9, weiter hervorheben , die Nützlichkeit unseres Modells zu generieren. Im Laufe von mehreren Studien haben wir festgestellt, dass die Qualität der Zellkulturumgebung durch Einstellen des Inhalts des Zellmediums verändert werden. Diese Erkenntnis hat zu einer Erhöhung der Erfolgsrate von DFAT Zellproduktion geführt und Zellqualität verbessert; beide kritischen Faktoren ineffizient Zellen für zukünftige klinische Studien zu generieren. In dieser Hinsicht verbesserte einer DFAT Kulturmedium (DCM, ein Medium ähnliche Zellmedium stammen mesenchymalen, die rekombinantes humanes Insulin, Serumalbumin, L-Glutaminsäure, verschiedene Fettsäuren und Cholesterin enthält) und ein Verfahren zur DFAT Zellgeneration und Proliferation wurde entwickelt (weitere Informationen über den Inhalt von DCM ist auf Anfrage erhältlich). Mit dieser Methode hohe Qualität DFAT Zellen wurden mit der Fähigkeit, erzeugt in verschiedene Zelltypen, einschließlich adipogenen, osteogenen und chondrogenen Zellen zu differenzieren. Insgesamt verbessert diese validierten Zellkultur Protokoll, um die Qualität der DFAT Zellen und kann zur Verbesserung der klinischen Anwendung der Zelltherapie und Tissue Engineering sehr nützlich sein.

<table><tbody><tr><td>CSTI303-MSC medium&amp;nbsp;</td><td>CSTI</td><td>87-671</td><td>This medium is defined as DCM in the text</td></tr><tr><td>PBS(-)</td><td>Wako</td><td>166-23555</td><td>It does not contain Mg&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt; and Ca&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;</td></tr><tr><td>DMEM medium</td><td>Gibco</td><td>11965-092</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Fetal Bovine Serum</td><td>Sigma</td><td>172012</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Collagenase type II</td><td>Sigma</td><td>C-6885</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Scissors</td><td>Takasago Medical Industry Co., Ltd</td><td>TKZ-F2194-1</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Shaker</td><td>TAITEC</td><td>Bioshaker V.BR-36</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Falcon Cell Strainer 100 &amp;mu;m Yellow</td><td>CORNING LIFE SCIENCES&amp;nbsp;</td><td>DL 352360</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Falcon 12.5 cm&amp;sup2; Rectangular Canted Neck Cell Culture Flask with Blue Vented Screw Cap</td><td>CORNING LIFE SCIENCES&amp;nbsp;</td><td>353107</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>18 G needle</td><td>NIPRO</td><td>02-002</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>20 ml Syringe&amp;nbsp;</td><td>NIPRO</td><td>08-753</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Z Series Coulter Counter</td><td>BECKMAN COULTER</td><td>383550</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

an efficient method to obtain dedifferentiated fat cells

Tissue Engineering und Zelltherapie vielversprechend klinisch. In dieser Hinsicht multipotenten Zellen wie mesenchymalen Stammzellen (MSCs), können therapeutisch, in naher Zukunft wieder herzustellen Funktion geschädigte Organe verwendet. Dennoch einige technische Probleme, einschließlich der hochinvasiven Verfahren von MSCs und die Ineffizienz rund um ihre Verstärkung zu isolieren, behindern gegenwärtig die möglichen klinischen Verwendung dieser therapeutischen Modalitäten. Hierin stellen wir eine hocheffiziente Methode zur Erzeugung von dedifferenzierten Fettzellen (DFAT), MSC-ähnlichen Zellen. Interessanterweise kann DFAT Zellen in verschiedene Zelltypen, einschließlich adipogenen, osteogenen, chondrogenen Zellen und differenzieren. Obwohl andere Gruppen zuvor verschiedene Verfahren zur Erzeugung von DFAT Zellen aus reifen Fettgewebe präsentiert haben, unsere Methode ermöglicht es uns, mehr DFAT Zellen effizient zu produzieren. In dieser Hinsicht zeigen wir, dass DFAT Kulturmedium (DCM), ergänzt mit 20% FBS,ist wirksamer DFAT Zellen bei der Erzeugung als DMEM, ergänzt mit 20% FBS. Zusätzlich können die Zellen durch DFAT unserem Zellkulturverfahren hergestellt in verschiedene Gewebetypen redifferenziert werden. Als solche ein sehr interessantes und nützliches Modell für die Untersuchung von Gewebe Dedifferenzierung dargestellt.

<html> In dieser Studie wurde das Verfahren und das Toolkit für DFAT Zellgeneration verbessert (Abbildung 1). Unser Verfahren ermöglicht es uns , DFAT Zellen sowohl mit DCM und DMEM - Medium , das 20% FBS (2A) zu erzeugen. Als solche verglichen wir die Effizienz von DCM und DMEM DFAT Zellen zu erzeugen. In dieser Hinsicht verbesserte DCM DFAT Zellproliferation durch drei Mal , wenn auf DMEM verglichen, unabhängig von der Anzahl von Adipozyten (...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about An Efficient Method to Obtain Dedifferentiated Fat Cells at JoVE.com

An Efficient Method to Obtain Dedifferentiated Fat Cells

We have modified the conditions for DFAT cell generation and provide herein information regarding the use of an improved growth medium for the production of these cells.

Eine effiziente Methode erhalten Sie Dedifferenzierte Fettzellen

Tissue engineering and cell therapy hold great promise clinically. In this regard, multipotent cells, such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), may be used ...

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Research

JoVE Journal

Developmental Biology

7.9K Aufrufe.  Nihon University. We have modified the conditions for DFAT cell generation and provide herein information regarding the use of an improved growth medium for the production of these cells.

Serie: An Efficient Method to Obtain Dedifferentiated Fat Cells

Generation of Human Adipose Stem Cells through Dedifferentiation of Mature Adipocytes in Ceiling Cultures

Mature adipocytes have been shown to reverse their phenotype into fibroblast-like cells in vitro through a technique called ceiling culture. Mature adipocytes can also be isolated from fresh adipose tissue for depot-specific characterization of their function and metabolic properties. Here, we describe a well-established protocol to isolate mature adipocytes from adipose tissues using collagenase digestion, and subsequent steps to perform ceiling cultures. Briefly, adipose tissues are incubated in a Krebs-Ringer-Henseleit buffer containing collagenase to disrupt tissue matrix. Floating mature adipocytes are collected on the top surface of the buffer. Mature cells are plated in a T25-flask completely filled with media and incubated upside down for a week. An alternative 6-well plate culture approach allows the characterization of adipocytes undergoing dedifferentiation. Adipocyte morphology drastically changes over time of culture. Immunofluorescence can be easily performed on slides cultivated in 6-well plates as demonstrated by FABP4 immunofluorescence staining. FABP4 protein is present in mature adipocytes but down-regulated through dedifferentiation of fat cells. Mature adipocyte dedifferentiation may represent a new avenue for cell therapy and tissue engineering.

Mature adipocytes may represent an abundant source of stem cells through dedifferentiation, which leads to a homogenous population of fibroblast-like cells. Collagenase digestion is used to isolate mature adipocytes from human fat. The goal of our protocol is to obtain multipotent, dedifferentiated fat cells from human mature adipocytes.

Generation of Human Fettgewebestammzellen durch Dedifferenzierung der Reife Adipozyten in Decken Kulturen

Mature adipocytes have been shown to reverse their phenotype into fibroblast-like cells in vitro through a technique called ceiling culture. Mature ...

Forschung

Entwicklungsbiologie

Immunomagnetic Separation of Fat Depot-specific Sca1high Adipose-derived Stem Cells (ASCs)

The isolation of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) is an important method in the field of adipose tissue biology, adipogenesis, and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. In vivo, ECM-rich environment consisting of fibrillar collagens provides a structural support to adipose tissues during the progression and regression of obesity. Physiological ECM remodeling mediated by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) plays a major role in regulating adipose tissue size and function1,2. The loss of physiological collagenolytic ECM remodeling may lead to excessive collagen accumulation (tissue fibrosis), macrophage infiltration, and ultimately, a loss of metabolic homeostasis including insulin resistance3,4. When a phenotypic change of the adipose tissue is observed in gene-targeted mouse models, isolating primary ASCs from fat depots for in vitro studies is an effective approach to define the role of the specific gene in regulating the function of ASCs. In the following, we define an immunomagnetic separation of Sca1high ASCs.

Immunomagnetic Separation of Fat Depot-specific Sca1high Adipose-derived Stem Cells ASCs

We present the techniques required to isolate the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) from mouse inguinal (subcutaneous) and perigonadal (visceral) adipose tissue depots to assess their gene expression and collagenolytic activity. This method includes the enrichment of Sca1high adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) using immunomagnetic cell separation.

Immunomagnetische Trennung von Fett Depot-spezifische Sca1<sup&gt; Hoch</sup&gt; Fettgewebe gewonnene Stammzellen (ASC)

The isolation of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) is an important method in the field of adipose tissue biology, adipogenesis, and extracellular matrix ...

A Microphysiologic Platform for Human Fat: Sandwiched White Adipose Tissue

White adipose tissue (WAT) plays a crucial role in regulating weight and everyday health. Still, there are significant limitations to available primary culture models, all of which have failed to faithfully recapitulate the adipose microenvironment or extend WAT viability beyond two weeks. The lack of a reliable primary culture model severely impedes research in WAT metabolism and drug development. To this end we have utilized NIH's standards of a microphysiologic system to develop a novel platform for WAT primary culture called 'SWAT' (sandwiched white adipose tissue). We overcome the natural buoyancy of adipocytes by sandwiching minced WAT clusters between sheets of adipose-derived stromal cells. In this construct, WAT samples are viable over eight weeks in culture. SWAT maintains the intact ECM, cell-to-cell contacts, and physical pressures of in vivo WAT conditions; additionally, SWAT maintains a robust transcriptional profile, sensitivity to exogenous chemical signaling, and whole tissue function. SWAT represents a simple, reproducible, and effective method of primary adipose culture. Potentially, it is a broadly applicable platform for research in WAT physiology, pathophysiology, metabolism, and pharmaceutical development.

White adipose tissue (WAT) has critical deficiencies in its current primary culture models, hindering pharmacological development and metabolic studies. Here, we present a protocol to produce an adipose microphysiological system by sandwiching WAT between sheets of stromal cells. This construct provides a stable and adaptable platform for primary WAT culture.

Eine Microphysiologic Plattform für menschliches Fett: weißen Fettgewebe eingeklemmt

White adipose tissue (WAT) plays a crucial role in regulating weight and everyday health.  Still, there are significant limitations to available primary ...

Verhalten

Robust Differentiation of Human iPSCs into a Pure Population of Adipocytes to Study Adipocyte-Associated Disorders

Recent advances in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology have allowed the generation of different cell types, including adipocytes. However, the current differentiation methods have low efficiency and do not produce a homogenous population of adipocytes. Here, we circumvent this problem by using an all-trans retinoic-based method to produce mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in high yield. By regulating pathways governing cell proliferation, survival, and adhesion, our differentiation strategy allows the efficient generation of embryonic bodies (EBs) that differentiate into a pure population of multipotent MSCs. The high number of MSCs generated by this method provides an ideal source for generating adipocytes. However, sample heterogeneity resulting from adipocyte differentiation remains a challenge. Therefore, we used a Nile red-based method for purifying lipid-bearing mature adipocytes using FACS. This sorting strategy allowed us to establish a reliable way to model adipocyte-associated metabolic disorders using a pool of adipocytes with reduced sample heterogeneity and enhanced cell functionality.

The protocol allows the generation of a pure adipocyte population from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Retinoic acid is used to differentiate iPSCs into mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) which are used for producing adipocytes. Then, a sorting approach based on Nile red staining is used to obtain pure adipocytes.

Robuste Differenzierung von humanen iPS-Zellen in eine reine Population von Adipozyten zur Untersuchung von Adipozyten-assoziierten Erkrankungen

Recent advances in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology have allowed the generation of different cell types, including adipocytes. However, the ...

<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>Verdauung des Herzens und der Skelettmuskulatur von Mäusen für die Kultur fibro-adipogener Vorläuferzellen

Fibro-Adipogenic Progenitor Isolation, Expansion, and Differentiation from the Spiny Mouse Model

Due to its exceptional repair program, the spiny mouse is an emerging research model for regenerative medicine. Fibro-adipogenic progenitors are tissue-resident cells that are able to differentiate into adipocytes, fibroblasts, and chondrocytes. Fibro-adipogenic progenitors are fundamental for orchestrating tissue regeneration as they are responsible for extracellular matrix remodeling after injury. This study focuses on investigating the specific role of fibro-adipogenic progenitors in spiny mouse cardiac repair and skeletal muscle regeneration. To this end, a protocol has been optimized for the purification of spiny mouse fibro-adipogenic progenitors by flow cytometry from enzymatically dissociated skeletal and cardiac muscle. The population obtained from this protocol is capable of expanding in vitro, and can be differentiated to myofibroblasts and adipocytes. This protocol offers a valuable tool for researchers to examine the distinctive properties of spiny mouse, and to compare them to the Mus musculus. This will provide insights that could advance the understanding of regenerative mechanisms in this intriguing model.

<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>Autor im Rampenlicht: Rationalisierung der Zellanalyse mit einem innovativen Protokoll zur Untersuchung von Stachelmausmodellen

This protocol outlines the isolation of skeletal and cardiac muscle fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) from spiny mouse (Acomys) via enzymatic dissociation and fluorescence-activated cell sorting. The FAPs obtained from this protocol can be effectively expanded and differentiated to myofibroblasts and adipocytes.

Isolierung, Expansion und Differenzierung von fibro-adipogenen Vorläuferzellen aus dem Modell der stacheligen Maus

Due to its exceptional repair program, the spiny mouse is an emerging research model for regenerative medicine. Fibro-adipogenic progenitors are ...

Isolation, Expansion, and Adipogenic Induction of CD34+CD31+ Endothelial Cells from Human Omental and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue

Obesity is accompanied by an extensive remodeling of adipose tissue primarily via adipocyte hypertrophy. Extreme adipocyte growth results in a poor response to insulin, local hypoxia, and inflammation. By stimulating the differentiation of functional white adipocytes from progenitors, radical hypertrophy of the adipocyte population can be prevented and, consequently, the metabolic health of adipose tissue can be improved along with a reduction of inflammation. Also, by stimulating a differentiation of beige/brown adipocytes, the total body energy expenditure can be increased, resulting in weight loss. This approach could prevent the development of obesity co-morbidities such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
This paper describes the isolation, expansion, and differentiation of white and beige adipocytes from a subset of human adipose tissue endothelial cells that co-express the CD31 and CD34 markers. The method is relatively cheap and is not labor-intensive. It requires access to human adipose tissue and the subcutaneous depot is suitable for sampling. For this protocol, fresh adipose tissue samples from morbidly obese subjects [body mass index (BMI) &#62;35] are collected during bariatric surgery procedures. Using a sequential immunoseparation from the stromal vascular fraction, enough cells are produced from as little as 2&#8211;3 g of fat. These cells can be expanded in culture over 10&#8211;14 days, can be cryopreserved, and retain their adipogenic properties with passaging up to passage 5&#8211;6. The cells are treated for 14 days with an adipogenic cocktail using a combination of human insulin and the PPAR&#947; agonist-rosiglitazone.
This methodology can be used for obtaining proof of concept experiments on molecular mechanisms that drive adipogenic responses in adipose endothelial cells, or for screening new drugs that can enhance the adipogenic response directed either towards white or beige/brown adipocyte differentiation. Using small subcutaneous biopsies, this methodology can be used to screen out non-responder subjects for clinical trials aimed to stimulate beige/brown and white adipocytes for the treatment of obesity and co-morbidities.

The differentiation of white and beige adipocytes from adipose tissue vascular progenitors bears potential for metabolic improvement in obesity. We describe protocols for a CD34+CD31+ endothelial cell isolation from human fat and for a subsequent in vitro expansion and differentiation into white and beige adipocytes. Several downstream applications are discussed.

Isolation, Expansion und Adipogenen Induktion von CD34 + CD31 + Endothelial Zellen aus menschlichen Omentalis und subkutanem Fettgewebe

Obesity is accompanied by an extensive remodeling of adipose tissue primarily via adipocyte hypertrophy. Extreme adipocyte growth results in a poor ...

Immunologie und Infektion

A Human 3D Extracellular Matrix-Adipocyte Culture Model for Studying Matrix-Cell Metabolic Crosstalk

The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a central role in regulating tissue homeostasis, engaging in crosstalk with cells and regulating multiple aspects of cellular function. The ECM plays a particularly important role in adipose tissue function in obesity, and alterations in adipose tissue ECM deposition and composition are associated with metabolic disease in mice and humans. Tractable in vitro models that permit dissection of the roles of the ECM and cells in contributing to global tissue phenotype are sparse. We describe a novel 3D in vitro model of human ECM-adipocyte culture that permits study of the specific roles of the ECM and adipocytes in regulating adipose tissue metabolic phenotype. Human adipose tissue is decellularized to isolate ECM, which is subsequently repopulated with preadipocytes that are then differentiated within the ECM into mature adipocytes. This method creates ECM-adipocyte constructs that are metabolically active and retain characteristics of the tissues and patients from which they are derived. We have used this system to demonstrate disease-specific ECM-adipocyte crosstalk in human adipose tissue. This culture model provides a tool for dissecting the roles of the ECM and adipocytes in contributing to global adipose tissue metabolic phenotype and permits study of the role of the ECM in regulating adipose tissue homeostasis.

We describe a 3D human extracellular matrix-adipocyte in vitro culture system that permits dissection of the roles of the matrix and adipocytes in contributing to adipose tissue metabolic phenotype.

Ein menschliches 3D extrazelluläres Matrix-Adipozyten-Kulturmodell zum Studium der Matrix-Zell Metabolischen Crosstalk

The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a central role in regulating tissue homeostasis, engaging in crosstalk with cells and regulating multiple aspects of ...

Biotechnik

Preparation of Adipose Progenitor Cells from Mouse Epididymal Adipose Tissues

Obesity and metabolic disorders such as diabetes, heart disease, and cancer, are all associated with dramatic adipose tissue remodeling. Tissue-resident adipose progenitor cells (APCs) play a key role in adipose tissue homeostasis and can contribute to the tissue pathology. The growing use of single cell analysis technologies &#8211; including single-cell RNA-sequencing and single-cell proteomics &#8211; is transforming the stem/progenitor cell field by permitting unprecedented resolution of individual cell expression changes within the context of population- or tissue-wide changes. In this article, we provide detailed protocols to dissect mouse epididymal adipose tissue, isolate single adipose tissue-derived cells, and perform fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) to enrich for viable Sca1+/CD31-/CD45-/Ter119- APCs. These protocols will allow investigators to prepare high quality APCs suitable for downstream analyses such as single cell RNA sequencing.

We present a simple method to isolate highly viable adipose progenitor cells from mouse epididymal fat pads using fluorescence activated cell sorting.

Herstellung von Adipose-Progenitorzellen aus Maus-Epididymal-Adipose-Geweben

Obesity and metabolic disorders such as diabetes, heart disease, and cancer, are all associated with dramatic adipose tissue remodeling. Tissue-resident ...

Eine effiziente Methode erhalten Sie Dedifferenzierte Fettzellen

Zusammenfassung

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