우리는 원고를 검토하는이 동영상 씨와 조엘 S. 토레스에 참여 씨 훌리오 마야 감사하고 싶습니다. 브루노 Gualano는 Conselho 나셔널 드 Pesquisa E Tecnologia에 의해 지원됩니다.

1. 전체 혈관 폐색 압력의 결정 <ol><li> 혈관 폐색의 혈압을 결정하기 위해, mmHg에서 혈관 도플러이 사용됩니다 </li><li> 사용자 정의 혈압을 재는 완 (180mm 길이 X 80mm 폭)가 자신의 허벅지에 고정되는 동안 환자는 부정사 위치에 자리잡고 있습니다. </li><li> tibial 동맥의 위치 검출 후, 도플러의 프로브는 다음 환자의 다리에있는 결정 지점 위에 배치됩니다. </li><li> 그것은 동맥 펄스를 캡처와 같은 소리 신호가 도플러 시스템에 의해 생성됩니다. </li><li> 이 인터럽트 tibial 동맥의 ascultatory 펄스 때까지 사용자 정의 혈압을 재는 완 그러면 증가할 수 있습니다. </li><li> 전체 혈관 폐색에 필요한 압력이 훈련 중에 나중에 사용하기 위해 등록됩니다. </li><li> 안전상의 이유로, 동맥 혈압도 모니터링합니다. </li></ol> 2. 혈관 폐색과 저항 훈련 <ol><li> 러닝 머신에 대한 간단한 워밍업은 (편안한 걸음으로 도보 5 분) 운동하기 전에 권장합니다 </li><li> 환자는 다음 강도 훈련 장비에 배치됩니다. 종래의 다리 언론 기계가 사용됩니다 </li><li> 두 개의 압력 손목에 수갑을 이제 각각의 허벅지에서 사타구니 접어 지역 근처에 위치하고 대응 훈련 압력 (전체 혈관 폐색 압력의 50 %)로 증가할 수 있습니다. </li><li> 이때, 적절한 압력의 미세 조정을 위해, 압력계 앞으로 직면 유지하는 것이 중요합니다. </li><li> 환자는 세트 사이 30초 휴식 기간과 15 반복 3 세트를 수행합니다. </li><li> 훈련 압력이 휴식 간격을 포함, 전체 운동 세션 동안 유지됩니다. </li><li> 종래의 다리 확장 기계는 또한 우리의 운동 프로그램의 일부입니다. 동일한 프로토콜은이 장비에 사용되며, 또, 폐색의 압력이 항상 일정하게 유지됩니다. </li><li> 마지막으로 운동은 반 웅크려있다. 의자는 IBM의 환자의 장애인 강도 능력 때문에, 안전상의 이유로 사용할 수 있습니다. 혈액 흐름 폐색 절차는 이전의 연습과 같은 패턴을 따릅니다 </li><li> 환자가 더 이상 15 이상의 반복을 수행할 수있게 될 있도록 훈련 강도는 강도의 점진적 증가에 따라 조정됩니다. 우리는 훈련 세션은 적어도 두 개의 조사, 각 다리의 폐색 압력을 제어하는​​ 각 하나에 의해 모니터링하는 것이 좋습니다. </li></ol>

<ol>
	<li>Needha, M., Mastaglia, F. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Inclusion+body+myositis:+current+pathogenetic+concepts+and+diagnostic+and+therapeutic+approaches.">Inclusion body myositis: current pathogenetic concepts and diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.</a> Lancet Neurol. 6, 620-631 (2007).</li><li>de Salles Painelli, V., Gualano, B., Artioli, G. G., de Sa Pinto, A. L., Bonfa, E., Lancha Junior, A. H., Lima, F. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+possible+role+of+physical+exercise+on+the+treatment+of+idiopathic+inflammatory+myopathies.">The possible role of physical exercise on the treatment of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies.</a> Autoimmun. Rev. 8, 355-359 (2009).</li><li>Spector, S. A., Lemmer, J. T., Koffman, B. M., Fleisher, T. A., Feuerstein, I. M., Hurley, B. F., Dalakas, M. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Safety+and+efficacy+of+strength+training+in+patients+with+sporadic+inclusion+body+myositis.">Safety and efficacy of strength training in patients with sporadic inclusion body myositis.</a> Muscle Nerve. 20, 1242-1248 (1997).</li><li>Gualano, B., Neves, M., Lima, F. R., de S&#225; Pinto, A. L., Laurentino, G., Borges, C., Baptista, L., Artioli, G. G., Aoki, M. S., Moriscot, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Training+with+Vascular+Occlusion+in+Inclusion+BodyMyositis:+A+Case+Study.">Training with Vascular Occlusion in Inclusion BodyMyositis: A Case Study.</a> Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. , .</li><li>Takarada, Y., Takazawa, H., Sato, Y., Takebayashi, S., Tanaka, Y., Ishii, N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effects+of+resistance+exercise+combined+with+moderate+vascular+occlusion+on+muscular+function+in+humans.">Effects of resistance exercise combined with moderate vascular occlusion on muscular function in humans.</a> J. Appl. Physiol. 88, 2097-2106 (2000).</li></ol>

우리는 소설을 발표하고, 일반적으로 기존의 치료에 따라 IBM 환자에서 발생하는 근육의 위축과 강도의 감소를 중화 수있는 가능성이 처음이 아닌 약리 치료 도구입니다. 혈관 폐색과 저항 훈련은 비교적 새로운 교육 방식이지만, 결과는 매우 장려하고 있습니다. 우리는 12 주 훈련 프로그램 이후, IBM의 환자의 다리 언론 하나 반복 최대, 균형과 이동성 기능, 그리고 허벅지 단면적은 각각 15.9 %, 60 %...

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<td>Vascular Doppler</td>
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<td>Treadmill (optional)</td>
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<td>Two customized tourniquets cuffs with pressure manometers</td>
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<td>Conventional blood pressure cuff</td>
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<td>Leg extension machine</td>
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vascular occlusion training for inclusion body myositis: a novel therapeutic approach

포함 바디 myositis (IBM)은 드물게 특발성 염증성 myopathy입니다. 이것은 주목할만한 근육의 약점을 생산하고 크게 삶의 기능과 품질을 손상하는 것으로 알려져 있습니다. 또한, 임상 연습은 다른 염증성 myopathies 달리, IBM 환자의 대부분은 질병의 진행을 중화하기 위해 immunosuppressive 또는 immunomodulatory 약물 치료에 반응하지, 그 제안<sup&gt; 1</sup&gt;. 또한, 종래의 저항 훈련 프로그램은 이러한 환자의 근육 기능과 근육 질량을 복원에 효과가 입증된<sup&gt; 2,3</sup&gt;. 그럼에도 불구하고, 우리는 최근 삶의 질을에 따라 상당한 장점과 IBM의 환자에서 중간 강도의 저항 훈련과 공동으로 지혈대 손목에 수갑을 사용하여 제한 근육 혈액 흐름이 근육 질량 및 기능에 상당한 증가를 생산 것을 관찰했습니다<sup&gt; 4</sup&gt;. 따라서, IBM 환자에 대한 새로운 비 약리 방식이 제안되었습니다. 여기에, 우리는이 인구에 대한 저항 훈련 프로그램과 관련된 혈관 폐색에 대한 제안된 프로토콜의 세부 정보를 설명합니다.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Vascular Occlusion Training for Inclusion Body Myositis: A Novel Therapeutic Approach at JoVE.com

Vascular Occlusion Training for Inclusion Body Myositis: A Novel Therapeutic Approach

현재 문서는 IBM의 환자에서 혈관 폐색 연결된 저항 훈련의 응용에 관한 세부 사항을 제공합니다.

포함 바디 Myositis에 대한 혈관의 폐색 교육 : 소설 치료 접근

Inclusion body myositis (IBM) is a rare idiopathic inflammatory myopathy. It is known to produces remarkable muscle weakness and to greatly compromise ...

vascular-occlusion-training-for-inclusion-body-myositis-novel

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14.0K 조회수.  University of São Paulo. 현재 문서는 IBM의 환자에서 혈관 폐색 연결된 저항 훈련의 응용에 관한 세부 사항을 제공합니다.

비디오: Vascular Occlusion Training for Inclusion Body Myositis: A Novel Therapeutic Approach

Bronchial Thermoplasty:  A Novel Therapeutic Approach to Severe Asthma

Bronchial thermoplasty is a non-drug procedure for severe persistent asthma that delivers thermal energy to the airway wall in a precisely controlled manner to reduce excessive airway smooth muscle. Reducing airway smooth muscle decreases the ability of the airways to constrict, thereby reducing the frequency of asthma attacks. Bronchial thermoplasty is delivered by the Alair System and is performed in three outpatient procedure visits, each scheduled approximately three weeks apart. The first procedure treats the airways of the right lower lobe, the second treats the airways of the left lower lobe and the third and final procedure treats the airways in both upper lobes. After all three procedures are performed the bronchial thermoplasty treatment is complete.
Bronchial thermoplasty is performed during bronchoscopy with the patient under moderate sedation. All accessible airways distal to the mainstem bronchi between 3 and 10 mm in diameter, with the exception of the right middle lobe, are treated under bronchoscopic visualization. Contiguous and non-overlapping activations of the device are used, moving from distal to proximal along the length of the airway, and systematically from airway to airway as described previously. Although conceptually straightforward, the actual execution of bronchial thermoplasty is quite intricate and procedural duration for the treatment of a single lobe is often substantially longer than encountered during routine bronchoscopy. As such, bronchial thermoplasty should be considered a complex interventional bronchoscopy and is intended for the experienced bronchoscopist. Optimal patient management is critical in any such complex and longer duration bronchoscopic procedure. This article discusses the importance of careful patient selection, patient preparation, patient management, procedure duration, postoperative care and follow-up to ensure that bronchial thermoplasty is performed safely.
Bronchial thermoplasty is expected to complement asthma maintenance medications by providing long-lasting asthma control and improving asthma-related quality of life of patients with severe asthma. In addition, bronchial thermoplasty has been demonstrated to reduce severe exacerbations (asthma attacks) emergency rooms visits for respiratory symptoms, and time lost from work, school and other daily activities due to asthma.

Bronchial thermoplasty is a non-drug procedure for severe persistent asthma that delivers thermal energy to the airway wall in a precisely controlled manner to reduce excessive airway smooth muscle. Reducing airway smooth muscle decreases the ability of the airways to constrict, thereby reducing the frequency of asthma attacks.

기관지 Thermoplasty : 심한 천식에 소설 치료 접근

Bronchial thermoplasty is a non-drug procedure for severe persistent asthma that delivers thermal energy to the airway wall in a precisely controlled ...

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Training a Sophisticated Microsurgical Technique: Interposition of External Jugular Vein Graft in the Common Carotid Artery in Rats

Neointimal hyperplasia is one the primary causes of stenosis in arterialized veins that are of great importance in arterial coronary bypass surgery, in peripheral arterial bypass surgery as well as in arteriovenous fistulas.1-5 The experimental procedure of vein graft interposition in the common carotid artery by using the cuff-technique has been applied in several research projects to examine the aetiology of neointimal hyperplasia and therapeutic options to address it. 6-8 The cuff prevents vessel anastomotic remodeling and induces turbulence within the graft and thereby the development of neointimal hyperplasia.
Using the superior caval vein graft is an established small-animal model for venous arterialization experiment.9-11 This current protocol refers to an established jugular vein graft interposition technique first described by Zou et al., 9 as well as others.12-14 Nevertheless, these cited small animal protocols are complicated.
To simplify the procedure and to minimize the number of experimental animals needed, a detailed operation protocol by video training is presented. This video should help the novice surgeon to learn both the cuff-technique and the vein graft interposition. Hereby, the right external jugular vein was grafted in cuff-technique in the common carotid artery of 21 female Sprague Dawley rats categorized in three equal groups that were sacrificed on day 21, 42 and 84, respectively. Notably, no donor animals were needed, because auto-transplantations were performed. The survival rate was 100 % at the time point of sacrifice. In addition, the graft patency rate was 60 % for the first 10 operated animals and 82 % for the remaining 11 animals. The blood flow at the time of sacrifice was 8&plusmn;3 ml/min. In conclusion, this surgical protocol considerably simplifies, optimizes and standardizes this complicated procedure. It gives novice surgeons easy, step-by-step instruction, explaining possible pitfalls, thereby helping them to gain expertise fast and avoid useless sacrifice of experimental animals.

Neointimal hyperplasia is the primary cause of stenosis in arterialized veins. We propose a new protocol whereby the right external jugular vein is grafted using the cuff technique in the common carotid artery of Sprague Dawley rats. The survival rate was 100 % at the time point of sacrifice.

쥐 온목 동맥에 개재 외부 경정맥 정맥 이식의 : 정교한 Microsurgical 기술을 교육

Neointimal hyperplasia is one the primary causes of stenosis in arterialized veins that are of great importance in arterial coronary bypass surgery, in ...

A Novel Surgical Approach for Intratracheal Administration of Bioactive Agents in a Fetal Mouse Model

Prenatal pulmonary delivery of cells, genes or pharmacologic agents could provide the basis for new therapeutic strategies for a variety of genetic and acquired diseases. Apart from congenital or inherited abnormalities with the requirement for long-term expression of the delivered gene, several non-inherited perinatal conditions, where short-term gene expression or pharmacological intervention is sufficient to achieve therapeutic effects, are considered as potential future indications for this kind of approach. Candidate diseases for the application of short-term prenatal therapy could be the transient neonatal deficiency of surfactant protein B causing neonatal respiratory distress syndrome1,2 or hyperoxic injuries of the neonatal lung3. Candidate diseases for permanent therapeutic correction are Cystic Fibrosis (CF)4, genetic variants of surfactant deficiencies5 and &alpha;1-antitrypsin deficiency6.
Generally, an important advantage of prenatal gene therapy is the ability to start therapeutic intervention early in development, at or even prior to clinical manifestations in the patient, thus preventing irreparable damage to the individual. In addition, fetal organs have an increased cell proliferation rate as compared to adult organs, which could allow a more efficient gene or stem cell transfer into the fetus. Furthermore, in utero gene delivery is performed when the individual's immune system is not completely mature. Therefore, transplantation of heterologous cells or supplementation of a non-functional or absent protein with a correct version should not cause immune sensitization to the cell, vector or transgene product, which has recently been proven to be the case with both cellular and genetic therapies7.
In the present study, we investigated the potential to directly target the fetal trachea in a mouse model. This procedure is in use in larger animal models such as rabbits and sheep8, and even in a clinical setting9, but has to date not been performed before in a mouse model. When studying the potential of fetal gene therapy for genetic diseases such as CF, the mouse model is very useful as a first proof-of-concept because of the wide availability of different transgenic mouse strains, the well documented embryogenesis and fetal development, less stringent ethical regulations, short gestation and the large litter size.
Different access routes have been described to target the fetal rodent lung, including intra-amniotic injection10-12, (ultrasound-guided) intrapulmonary injection13,14 and intravenous administration into the yolk sac vessels15,16 or umbilical vein17. Our novel surgical procedure enables researchers to inject the agent of choice directly into the fetal mouse trachea which allows for a more efficient delivery to the airways than existing techniques18.

We developed a novel surgical approach for intratracheal administration of bioactive agents into the mouse fetus. The delivery route is more efficient in targeting the fetal mouse lungs than the commonly used intra-amniotic injection. This procedure has to date not been described in a mouse model.

태아 마우스 모델에서 Bioactive 에이전트의 Intratracheal 관리를위한 소설 외과 접근

Prenatal pulmonary delivery of cells, genes or pharmacologic agents could provide the basis for new therapeutic strategies for a variety of genetic and ...

Embolic Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion (MCAO) for Ischemic Stroke with Homologous Blood Clots in Rats

Clinically, thrombolytic therapy with use of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) remains the most effective treatment for acute ischemic stroke. However, the use of tPA is limited by its narrow therapeutic window and by increased risk of hemorrhagic transformation. There is an urgent need to develop suitable stroke models to study new thrombolytic agents and strategies for treatment of ischemic stroke. At present, two major types of ischemic stroke models have been developed in rats and mice: intraluminal suture MCAO and embolic MCAO. Although MCAO models via the intraluminal suture technique have been widely used in mechanism-driven stroke research, these suture models do not mimic the clinical situation and are not suitable for thrombolytic studies. Among these models, the embolic MCAO model closely mimics human ischemic stroke and is suitable for preclinical investigation of thrombolytic therapy. This embolic model was first developed in rats by Overgaard et al.1 in 1992 and further characterized by Zhang et al. in 19972. Although embolic MCAO has gained increasing attention, there are technical problems faced by many laboratories. To meet increasing needs for thrombolytic research, we present a highly reproducible model of embolic MCAO in the rat, which can develop a predictable infarct volume within the MCA territory. In brief, a modified PE-50 tube is gently advanced from the external carotid artery (ECA) into the lumen of the internal carotid artery (ICA) until the tip of the catheter reaches the origin of the MCA. Through the catheter, a single homologous blood clot is placed at the origin of the MCA. To identify the success of MCA occlusion, regional cerebral blood flow was monitored, neurological deficits and infarct volumes were measured. The techniques presented in this paper should help investigators to overcome technical problems for establishing this model for stroke research.

Embolic Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion MCAO for Ischemic Stroke with Homologous Blood Clots in Rats

In this paper, we demonstrate a standard method for producing an embolic middle cerebral artery occlusion with homologous blood clots (fibrin-rich) in adult rat. This model closely mimics human ischemic stroke and is suitable for preclinical study of thrombolytic therapy for ischemic stroke.

흰쥐의 동종 혈액 혈전과 허혈성 뇌졸중에 대한 전성 중간 대뇌 동맥 폐색 (MCAO)

Clinically, thrombolytic therapy with use of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) remains the most effective treatment for acute ischemic ...

A Methodological Approach to Non-invasive Assessments of Vascular Function and Morphology

The endothelium is the innermost lining of the vasculature and is involved in the maintenance of vascular homeostasis. Damage to the endothelium may predispose the vessel to atherosclerosis and increase the risk for cardiovascular disease. Assessments of peripheral endothelial function are good indicators of early abnormalities in the vascular wall and correlate well with assessments of coronary endothelial function. The present manuscript details the important methodological steps necessary for the assessment of microvascular endothelial function using laser Doppler imaging with iontophoresis, large vessel endothelial function using flow-mediated dilatation, and carotid atherosclerosis using carotid artery ultrasound. A discussion on the methodological considerations for each of the techniques is also presented, and recommendations are made for future research.

The present article describes the methodological considerations for several non-invasive assessments of vascular function and morphology that are commonly used in medical research to assess different stages of atherosclerosis.

혈관 기능 및 형태의 비 침습적 평가에 대한 방법 론적 접근

The endothelium is the innermost lining of the vasculature and is involved in the maintenance of vascular homeostasis.  Damage to the endothelium may ...

Surgical Approach for Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion and Reperfusion Induced Stroke in Mice

Stroke is a leading cause of death worldwide and continues to be one of the major causes of long-term adult disabilities. About 87% of strokes are ischemic in origin and occur in the territory of the middle cerebral artery (MCA). Currently the only Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved drug for the treatment of this devastating disease is tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). However, tPA has a small therapeutic window for administration (3 - 6 hr), and is only effective in 4% of the patients who actually receive it. Current research focuses on understanding the pathophysiology of stroke in order to find potential therapeutic targets. Thus, reliable models are crucial, and the MCA occlusion (MCAo) model (also termed the intraluminal filament or suture model) is deemed to be the most clinically relevant surgical model of ischemic stroke, and is fairly non-invasive and easily reproducible. Typically the MCAo model is used with rodents, especially with mice due to all the genetic variations available for this species. Here we describe (and present in the video) how to successfully perform the MCAo model (with reperfusion) in mice to generate reliable and reproducible data.

In order to understand the pathophysiology of stroke, it is important to use reliable models. This paper will describe one of the most frequently used stroke models in mice, termed the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) model (also termed the intraluminal filament or suture model) with reperfusion.

마우스의 중간 대뇌 동맥 폐색 및 재관류 유도 스트로크에 대한 수술 적 접근

Stroke is a leading cause of death worldwide and continues to be one of the major causes of long-term adult disabilities. About 87% of strokes are ...

A Novel Approach for the Administration of Medications and Fluids in Emergency Scenarios and Settings

The available routes of administration commonly used for medications and fluids in the acute care setting are generally limited to oral, intravenous, or intraosseous routes, but in many patients, particularly in the emergency or critical care settings, these routes are often unavailable or time-consuming to access. A novel device is now available that offers an easy route for administration of medications or fluids via rectal mucosal absorption (also referred to as proctoclysis in the case of fluid administration and subsequent absorption). Although originally intended for the palliative care market, the utility of this device in the emergency setting has recently been described. Specifically, reports of patients being treated for dehydration, alcohol withdrawal, vomiting, fever, myocardial infarction, hyperthyroidism, and cardiac arrest have shown success with administration of a wide variety of medications or fluids (including water, aspirin, lorazepam, ondansetron, acetaminophen, methimazole, and buspirone). Device placement is straightforward, and based on the observation of expected effects from the medication administrations, absorption is rapid. The rapidity of absorption kinetics are further demonstrated in a recent report of the measurement of phenobarbital pharmacokinetics. We describe here the placement and use of this device, and demonstrate methods of pharmacokinetic measurements of medications administered by this method.

This study presents a novel device that offers an easy route to quickly provide medications and fluids in patients with limited or difficult IV access. This small-diameter device is placed in the distal third of the rectum, allowing for ongoing medication and fluids administration.

The available routes of administration commonly used for medications and fluids in the acute care setting are generally limited to oral, intravenous, or ...

Comparing the Effects of Electronic Cigarette Vapor and Cigarette Smoke in a Novel In Vivo Exposure System

Electronic cigarettes (E-cigarettes) are being widely used, and growing in popularity. It is estimated that more than 9 million adults use them regularly. The potential adverse health effects of electronic cigarette vapor (E-vapor) exposure are poorly defined. While several animal models of E-vapor exposure have been developed, few models expose rodents to clinically relevant quantities of nicotine and make direct comparisons to cigarette smoke within the same exposure system. Here, we present a method for constructing and operating an E-vapor chamber and cigarette smoke chamber. The chambers are constructed by outfitting anesthesia chambers with a computer controlled pumping system that delivers consistent amounts of E-vapor or cigarette smoke to rodents. Nicotine exposure is measured indirectly by quantifying pre and post-exposure serum cotinine levels. This exposure system can be modified to accommodate various types of E-cigarettes&#160;and tobacco cigarettes, and can be used to compare the effects of E-vapor&#160;and cigarette smoke in vivo.

Comparing the Effects of Electronic Cigarette Vapor and Cigarette Smoke in a Novel In Vivo Exposure System

This protocol describes a method for exposing rodents to electronic cigarette vapor (E-vapor) and cigarette smoke. Exposure chambers are constructed by modifying anesthesia chambers with an automated pumping system that delivers E-vapor or cigarette smoke to rodents. This system can easily be modified to accommodate many experimental endpoints.

전자 담배와 담배 연기의 효과 비교<em&gt; In Vivo</em&gt; 노출 시스템

Electronic cigarettes (E-cigarettes) are being widely used, and growing in popularity. It is estimated that more than 9 million adults use them regularly. ...

Cardiopulmonary Bypass in a Mouse Model: A Novel Approach

As prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass becomes more essential during cardiac interventions, an increasing clinical demand arises for procedure optimization and for minimizing organ damage resulting from prolonged extracorporal circulation. The goal of this paper was to demonstrate a fully functional and clinically relevant model of cardiopulmonary bypass in a mouse. We report on the device design, perfusion circuit optimization, and microsurgical techniques. This model is an acute model, which is not compatible with survival due to the need for multiple blood drawings. Because of the range of tools available for mice (e.g., markers, knockouts, etc.), this model will facilitate investigation into the molecular mechanisms of organ damage and the effect of cardiopulmonary bypass in relation to other comorbidities.

This paper describes how to perform cardiopulmonary bypass in mice. This novel model will facilitate the investigation of the molecular mechanisms involved in organ damage.

마우스 모델에서 심폐 바이패스: 새로운 접근

As prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass becomes more essential during cardiac interventions, an increasing clinical demand arises for procedure optimization ...

Murine Distal Colostomy, A Novel Model of Diversion Colitis in C57BL/6 Mice

Diversion colitis (DC) is a frequent clinical condition occurring in patients with bowel segments excluded from the fecal stream as a result of a diverting enterostomy. The etiology of this disease remains ill-defined but appears to differ from that of classical inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Research aimed to decipher the pathophysiological mechanisms leading to the development of this disease has been severely hampered by the lack of an appropriate murine model. This protocol generates a murine model of DC that facilitates the study of the immune system's role and its interaction with the microbiome in the development of DC. In this model using C57BL/6 animals, distal parts of the colon are excluded from the fecal stream by creating a distal colostomy, triggering the development of mild to moderate inflammation in the excluded bowel segments and reproducing the hallmark lesions of human DC with a moderate systemic inflammatory response. In contrast to the rat model, a large number of genetically-modified murine models on the C57BL/6 background are available. The combination of these animals with our model allows the potential roles of individual cytokines, chemokines, or receptors of bioactive molecules (e.g., interleukin (IL)-17; IL-10, chemokine CXCL13, chemokine receptors CXCR5 and CCR7, and the sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 4) to be assessed in the pathogenesis of DC. The availability of congenic mouse strains on the C57BL/6 background largely facilitates transfer experiments to establish the roles of distinct cell types involved in the etiology of DC. Finally, the model offers the opportunity to assess the influences of local interventions (e.g., modification of the local microbiome or local anti-inflammatory therapy) on mucosal immunity in affected and non-affected bowel segments and the on systemic immune homeostasis.

Murine distal colostomy provides a murine model for human diversion colitis, a predominantly lymphocytic colitis in colon segment excluded from the fecal stream.