This work was supported by the PRESTO "Design and Control of Cellular Functions" research area of the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research of Innovative Areas "Molecular Robotics" (Project No. 24104002) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), Japan, Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (A) (Project No. 24680033) and Scientific Research (B) (Project No. 26280097) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), and the Creative Design for Bioscience and Biotechnology course of the School of Bioscience and Biotechnology at Tokyo Tech.

모세관 기반 미세 유체 장치 1. 제작 <ol><li> 홀더의 설정 참고 : 홀더 디자인 그림 2A로 표시됩니다. <ol><li> 홀더의 네 각 디스크 잘라 (도 2A (Ⅰ) - (IV)) 밀링 머신을 사용하여 2 mm 두께의 플레이트를 폴리 아세탈 수지. (SH) 직경은 1.8 mm 고정 홈 (I)의 디스크 (1)의 직경 8.5 mm, 모세관 구멍 (CH)의 직경 1.3 mm; 홀더 네 디스크 각각에 대해 다음의 기준을 사용 (ⅱ)이 디스크 직경 8.7 mm, CH 직경 2.0 mm, SH 직경 1.8 mm; (ⅲ) 디스크 (3)의 직경 8.7 mm, CH 직경 0.5 mm, SH 직경 1.8 mm; 및 (ⅳ) 4 장 직경 9.1 mm, 지름 1.0 mm CH, SH 직경 1.8 mm. </li><li> M2 (40) 나사 (그림 2B)를 × 사용하여 홀더를 조립합니다. 홀더 (도 2B)의 저부는도 2a (i), (ii) 및 상부 (도 디스크 (1)과 디스크 (2)로 구성홀더 URE의 2B)를 디스크 (3)와도 2a에 4 장 구성 (III), (IV). <ol><li> 홀더의 하부를 구성하는 각 디스크 (1)의 세 SH에 나사를 삽입 2. 쓰레드 부의 부분을 협지하여 나사를 짧게. 0.9 cm (상기 홀더의 바닥 부와 동일한 길이)에 나사의 길이를 유지한다. </li><li> 홀더의 상부를 구성하는 각각의 디스크의 3 개의 SH에 나사를 삽입 4. 나사부의 일부를 협지하여 나사를 짧게. 0.7 cm (홀더의 상부와 같은 길이)에 나사의 길이를 유지한다. </li><li> 홀더 조립 긴 나사를 사용하여 홀더의 하부 및 상부에 참여. 참고 : 정확한 홀더의 각 부분의 길이를 유지 : 하단 부분은 0.9 cm입니다; 상부는 0.7 cm (그림 2B)입니다. </li></ol></li></ol></li><li> 유리 모세관의 제작 <ol><li> 내부 유리 모세관 (외경 (OD) / 내경 (ID) : 1.0 / 0.6 mm), 및 외부 유리 모세관 (OD / ID : 2.0 / 1.12 mm) 두 개의 유리 모세관의 형식을 사용합니다. </li><li> 3 등분으로 외부 유리 모세관을 분할하는 유리 절단기를 사용하여 두 개의 동일한 조각으로 내부 유리 모세관을 분할하는 유리 커터를 사용합니다. </li><li> 유리 모세관 풀러 (도 3a)을 사용하여 각각의 분할 된 내측 및 외측 유리 모세관을 선명. 최대의 풀러의 무게를 설정합니다. 외부 유리 모세관 60도, 내부 모세관 70도에서 풀러의 열 레벨을 설정합니다. 조심스럽게 유리 모세관을 선명하게. <ol><li> 유리 모세관의 잘록한 부분에서 끝의 길이를 유지 : 내부 모세관은 1.5-1.8 cm이다 외부 모세관은 0.8-1.0 cm (그림 3C)입니다. 이 길이는 기재의 길이보다 짧거나 길면, 풀러 열 조정하여주십시오. </li></ol></li><li> 에프IX microforge에 내부 또는 외부 유리 모세관 테이프 (그림 3B)를 사용하여 서있다. </li><li> 세 단계 (도 3b)에 microforge를 사용하여 유리 모세관의 끝 부분을 잘라 (ⅰ) 백금선에 유리 비드를 유리 모세관의 끝을 터치 (II) 발 밟아 백금선 가열 1-2 초 동안 스위치, 및 (iii) 1 ~ 2 초 후에, 백금선을 냉각시켜 유리 모세관의 끝 부분을 잘라. <ol><li> 각각 내부 (d 개의 i) 및 외부 (D 오) 모세관 구멍의 직경을 조정합니다. 내측 유리 모세관의 오리피스 직경, 10 5, 20 ㎛의 (d에서 I = 5, 10, 20 μm의)과 외부 유리 모세관의 (d 오)이 실험에서 60 μm의 (라 오 = 60 μm의)입니다. 참고 : 유리 모세관은 일회용이다. 유리 capillar의 제조를 반복하여이거 야. </li></ol></li></ol></li></ol> 생성 W / O의 미세 방울 2. 절차 <ol><li> 오일 계면 활성제와 외부 유리 모세관을 입력합니다. 오일 및 계면 활성제의 혼합물은 헥사 (w / w)이 실험 (도 4a)의 소르 비탄 모노 올레 에이트 2 %를 함유한다. 참고 : 오일과 계면 활성제의 많은 조합이있다 (예를 들어, 오일 플루오르 또는 탄산 일 수있다 계면 활성제는 이온 성 비이 온성, 또는 플루오로 할 수있다). <ol><li> 외부 유리 모세관에 헥사 데칸 포함 소르 비탄 모노 올레 에이트의 10 μl를 소개합니다. 도 4a에서, 외부 유리 모세관 (d 오)의 오리피스 직경은 60 μm의 (d 오 = 60 μm의)이다. 유리 모세관의 구멍을 조정하려면, 단계 1.2.4-1.2.5로 돌아갑니다. </li></ol></li><li> 홀더 (그림 4B)의 바닥 부분에 외부 모세관을 설정합니다. </li><li> 드라모세관 작용에 의해 내 유리 모세관 (도 4C)으로 수용액 약 0.1 μL w. 도 4c에서, 내부 유리 모세관 (d 개의 I)의 구멍 직경은 10 μm의가 (d는 내가 10 μm의 =)입니다. 유리 모세관의 구멍을 조정하려면, 단계 1.2.4-1.2.5로 돌아갑니다. </li><li> 홀더 (도 4D-a)의 상단부에 내측 모세관을 설정한다. 외부 모세관 (그림 4D-)에 내부 모세관을 삽입합니다. 그림에서와 같이 흰색 도트 원을 보면 4D-는, 외부 모세관 내부의 내부 모세관의 위치 (외부 모세관 (μm의 w) = (130)의 내부 직경) 관찰 (그림 4D-B를 C) 디지털 현미경을 사용하여 . 외측 모세관의 내부 모세관의 위치는 w = 100 ~ 150 ㎛, 설정해야한다. 참고 : 내부의 위치를 변경하려면외부 모세관의 모세관는 홀더의 상부에 나사를 켜십시오. 이것에 의해, 거리 (W)을 정밀하게 제어 할 수있다. </li><li> 1.5 ml의 샘플을 마이크로 튜브의 바닥에 헥사 함유 소르 비탄 모노 올 레이트 (w / w 2 %) 100 μl를 소개한다. 샘플의 마이크로 튜브 (도 4E-a)에서, 내측 및 외측 모세관으로 홀더를 설치한다. 공기 - 오일 인터페이스 (그림 4E-B)에서 멀리 유지하기 위해 외부 모세관을 확인하십시오. </li><li> 원심 분리기 (그림 4 층) 미세 방울을 생성하기 위해 1 ~ 2 초 동안 1,600 XG의 중력에 탁상 스윙 아웃 형 미니 원심 분리기를 사용하여 샘플 마이크로 튜브. 실온에서 모든 실험을 수행한다. 참고 : 스윙 아웃 형 원심 분리기를 사용합니다. 액적 샘플 마이크로 튜브의 측벽에 충돌하고, 고정 각도 타입의 원심 분리를 사용할 때 분해된다. </li><li> 천천히 피펫 W / O 방울을 작성하고, 유리 (S)에 올려LIDE. </li><li> 미세 방울의 캡처 된 이미지가 디지털 현미경 (배율 200 배)을 이용하여 생성. </li></ol>

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No conflicts of interest are declared.

이 장치를 사용하면, / O W 미세 방울은 단 분산 제트 흐름 (17)의 플래 토우 레일리 불안정성에 의해 발생되었다. 현미경 검사 위성 방울의 존재를 공개하지 않았다. 장치의 제조에있어서, 세 가지 중요한 단계가 성공적으로 단 분산 W / O의 미세 방울을 생성하는 것이 필수적이다. 우선, 오일 및 계면 활성제의 수용액의 직선 유동을 공급하는 네 개의 디스크 모세관 구멍이 동심원 형태로 배?...

W / O 미세 방울 1-5 단백질 합성 (6), 단백질 결정화 (7), 에멀젼 PCR 8, 9, 세포 캡슐화 (10), 인공 세포와 같은 시스템 5,6의 건설을 포함한 생화학 및 생명 공학의 연구에 많은 중요한 응용 프로그램을 가지고있다. 이러한 응용을위한 W / O의 미세 방울을 생산 중요한 기준은 사이즈 W / O의 미세 방울의 단순 분산도를 제어한다. 미세 유체 장치의 제조 단 분산의 크기가 제어 W / 미세 방울 (11)은 공동 (12, 13)에있어서 흐르는 흐름 포커싱 방법 14,15 및 마이크로에 T 접합 방법 (16)에 기초 이여. 이러한 방법은 매우 단 분산 W / O의 미세 방울을 생성하지만, 미세 처리가 마이크로 채널 제조 복잡한 처리 및 전문 기술을 필요로하고, 또한 시료 용액을 다량 (최소 수백이 필요81; 때문에 마이크로에 시료 용액을 실시 주사기 펌프와 튜브 불가피 데드 볼륨 l). / O 미세 방울가 필요하다 (W) 따라서, 사용하기 쉬운과 낮은 죽은 볼륨 방법은 단 분산 생성합니다. 이 논문은, 실험 절차의 동영상과 함께 / O 미세 방울 (그림 1) W 단 분산 셀 크기의 생성 원심 모세관 기반의 축 대칭 공동 흐르는 미세 유체 장치 (17)에 대해 설명합니다. 이 간단한 방법은 크기의 단 분산 및 크기 제어를 달성 할 수있다. 그냥 탁상 미니 원심 분리기 및 샘플링 마이크로 튜브에 고정 된 모세관 기반의 축 대칭 공동 흐르는 미세 유체 장치가 필요합니다. 우리의 방법은 단지 매우 소량 (0.1 μL)를 필요로하고, 샘플의 상당한 양을 낭비하지 않는다.

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	<tbody>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">2-mm-thick polyacetal plastic plate</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Tool</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">Nikkyo Technos, Co., Ltd. (Japan)</td>
			<td style="width:167px;">244-6432-08</td>
			<td style="width:175px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Milling machine</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Tool</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">Roland DG Co., Ltd. (Japan)</td>
			<td>MDX-40A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">End Mill RSE230-0.5*2.5</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Tool</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">NS Tool Co., Ltd. (Japan)</td>
			<td>01-00644-00501</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;">M2*40 screws</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Tool</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">Jujo Synthetic Chemistry Labo. (Japan)</td>
			<td>0001-024</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Glass Capillry Puller</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Tool</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">Narishige (Japan)</td>
			<td>PC-10</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Microforge</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Tool</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">Narishige (Japan)</td>
			<td>MF-900</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Inner Glass Capillary</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Tool</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">Narishige (Japan)</td>
			<td>G-1</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:216px;">Outer Glass Capillary</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Tool</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">World Precision Instruments Inc. (USA)</td>
			<td>1B200-6</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">1.5 ml Sample tube</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Tool</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">INA OPTIKA CO.,LTD (Japan)</td>
			<td>ST-0150F</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="84">
			<td height="84" style="height:84px;width:216px;">Hexadecane</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Reagent</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">Wako Pure Chemical Industries Ltd. (Japan)</td>
			<td>080-03685&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:216px;">Sorbitan monooleate (Span 80)</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Reagent</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (Japan)</td>
			<td>S0060</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:216px;">Milli Q system</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Reagent</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">Merck Millipore Corporation (Germany)</td>
			<td>ZRQSVP030</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:42px;width:216px;">Swinging-out-type Mini-centrifuge</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Tool</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">Hitech Co., Ltd. (Japan)</td>
			<td>ATT101</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="63">
			<td height="63" style="height:63px;width:216px;">Digital Microscope</td>
			<td style="width:71px;">Tool</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">KEYENCE Corporation (Japan)</td>
			<td>VHX-2001</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

capillary-based centrifugal microfluidic device for size-controllable formation of monodisperse microdroplets

여기서는 모세관 기반 원심 미세 유동 장치를 이용하여 제어 할 수있는 크기, 단 분산, W / 출력 미세 방울의 신속한 제조를위한 간단한 방법을 보여준다. W / O의 미세 방울은 최근 화학 실험 소형화 에이블 강력한 방법에 사용되어왔다. / O 미세 방울 필요 W 따라서, 다목적 현상 방법은 단 분산 얻었다. 우리는 모세관 기반 원심 선대칭 공동 흐르는 미세 유동 장치에 기초하여 / O의 미세 방울 W 단 분산 생성하기위한 방법을 개발 하였다. 우리는 모세관 구멍을 조절함으로써 미세 방울의 크기를 제어하는​​데 성공했다. 우리의 방법은, 밀봉 용 시료 액의 소량 (0.1 μL)를 필요로 사용하기 쉬운 다른 마이크로 유체 기술을보다 장비를 필요로 초당 W / O의 미세 방울 수백 수천의 수의 생산을 가능하게 . 우리는이 방법이 소중한 생물들 필요 생물학적 연구를 도움이 될 것 기대신속한 정량 분석​​ 생화학 및 생물학적 연구를위한 샘플의 부피를 보존하여 amples.

본 연구에서는 모세관 기반 원심 미세 유동 장치 (도 1)를 사용하여 셀 크기 W / O의 미세 방울의 생성을위한 간단한 방법을 제시한다. 미세 유동 장치가 모세관 홀더 (도 2B)로 구성하고, 두 유리 모세관 (도 3c에 내부 및 외부 유리 모세관), 및 계면 활성제를 포함하는 기름을 포함하는 마이크로 튜브. 우리는 내측 유리 모세관에 시료 용?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Capillary-based Centrifugal Microfluidic Device for Size-controllable Formation of Monodisperse Microdroplets at JoVE.com

Capillary-based Centrifugal Microfluidic Device for Size-controllable Formation of Monodisperse Microdroplets

Here, we demonstrate a simple production method for size-controllable, monodisperse, water-in-oil (W/O) microdroplets using a capillary-based centrifugal microfluidic device. This method requires only a small sample volume and enables high-yield production. We expect this method will be useful for rapid biochemical and cellular analyses.

단 분산 미세 방울의 크기가 제어 형성을위한 모세관 기반 원심 미세 유체 장치

Here, we demonstrate a simple method for the rapid production of size-controllable, monodisperse, W/O microdroplets using a capillary-based centrifugal ...

capillary-based-centrifugal-microfluidic-device-for-size-controllable

Research

JoVE Journal

Engineering

10.2K 조회수.  Tokyo Institute of Technology. Here, we demonstrate a simple production method for size-controllable, monodisperse, water-in-oil (W/O) microdroplets using a capillary-based centrifugal microfluidic device. This method requires only a small sample volume and enables high-yield production. We expect this method will be useful for rapid biochemical and cellular analyses.

비디오: Capillary-based Centrifugal Microfluidic Device for Size-controllable Formation of Monodisperse Microdroplets

Indirect Fabrication of Lattice Metals with Thin Sections Using Centrifugal Casting

One of the typical methods to manufacture 3D lattice metals is the direct-metal additive manufacturing (AM) process such as Selective Laser Melting (SLM) and Electron Beam Melting (EBM). In spite of its potential processing capability, the direct AM method has several disadvantages such as high cost, poor surface finish of final products, limitation in material selection, high thermal stress, and anisotropic properties of parts. We propose a cost-effective method to manufacture 3D lattice metals. The objective of this study is to provide a detailed protocol on fabrication of 3D lattice metals having a complex shape and a thin wall thickness; e.g., octet truss made of Al and Cu alloys having a unit cell length of 5 mm and a cell wall thickness of 0.5 mm. An overall experimental procedure is divided into eight sections: (a) 3D printing of sacrificial patterns (b) melt-out of support materials (c) removal of residue of support materials (d) pattern assembly (e) investment (f) burn-out of sacrificial patterns (g) centrifugal casting (h) post-processing for final products. The suggested indirect AM technique provides the potential to manufacture ultra-lightweight lattice metals; e.g., lattice structures with Al alloys. It appears that the process parameters should be properly controlled depending on materials and lattice geometry, observing the final products of octet truss metals by the indirect AM technique.

An indirect additive manufacturing method combining a 3D printing of polymers with a centrifugal casting is outlined for manufacturing 3D octet truss metals (Al and Cu alloys) having a unit cell length of 5 mm with a wall thickness of 0.5 mm.

One of the typical methods to manufacture 3D lattice metals is the direct-metal additive manufacturing (AM) process such as Selective Laser Melting (SLM) ...

연구

공학

Solvent Bonding for Fabrication of PMMA and COP Microfluidic Devices

Thermoplastic microfluidic devices offer many advantages over those made from silicone elastomers, but bonding procedures must be developed for each thermoplastic of interest. Solvent bonding is a simple and versatile method that can be used to fabricate devices from a variety of plastics. An appropriate solvent is added between two device layers to be bonded, and heat and pressure are applied to the device to facilitate the bonding. By using an appropriate combination of solvent, plastic, heat, and pressure, the device can be sealed with a high quality bond, characterized as having high bond coverage, bond strength, optical clarity, durability over time, and low deformation or damage to microfeature geometry. We describe the procedure for bonding devices made from two popular thermoplastics, poly(methyl-methacrylate) (PMMA), and cyclo-olefin polymer (COP), as well as a variety of methods to characterize the quality of the resulting bonds, and strategies to troubleshoot low quality bonds. These methods can be used to develop new solvent bonding protocols for other plastic-solvent systems.

Solvent bonding is a simple and versatile method for fabricating thermoplastic microfluidic devices with high quality bonds. We describe a protocol to achieve strong, optically clear bonds in PMMA and COP microfluidic devices that preserve microfeature details, by a judicious combination of pressure, temperature, an appropriate solvent, and device geometry.

PMMA의 제조 및 COP 미세 유체 장치에 대한 솔벤트 본딩

Thermoplastic microfluidic devices offer many advantages over those made from silicone elastomers, but bonding procedures must be developed for each ...

Spark Plasma Sintering Apparatus Used for the Formation of Strontium Titanate Bicrystals

A spark plasma sintering apparatus was used as a novel method for diffusion bonding of two single crystals of strontium titanate to form bicrystals with one twist grain boundary. This apparatus utilizes high uniaxial pressure and a pulsed direct current for rapid consolidation of material. Diffusion bonding of strontium titanate bicrystals without fracture, in a spark plasma sintering apparatus, is possible at high pressures due to the unusual temperature dependent plasticity behavior of strontium titanate. We demonstrate a method for the successful formation of bicrystals at accelerated time scales and lower temperatures in a spark plasma sintering apparatus compared to bicrystals formed by conventional diffusion bonding parameters. Bond quality was verified by scanning electron microscopy. A clean and atomically abrupt interface containing no secondary phases was observed using transmission electron microscopy techniques. Local changes in bonding across the boundary was characterized by simultaneous scanning transmission electron microscopy and spatially resolved electron energy-loss spectroscopy.

A viable technique for the formation of strontium titanate bicrystals at high pressure and fast heating rate via the spark plasma sintering apparatus is developed.

스트론튬 티탄 Bicrystals의 형성에 사용되는 플라즈마 소결 장치 불꽃

A spark plasma sintering apparatus was used as a novel method for diffusion bonding of two single crystals of strontium titanate to form bicrystals with ...

Scanning Light Scattering Profiler (SLPS) Based Methodology to Quantitatively Evaluate Forward and Backward Light Scattering from Intraocular Lenses

The scanning light scattering profiler (SLSP) methodology has been developed for the full-angle quantitative evaluation of forward and backward light scattering from intraocular lenses (IOLs) using goniophotometer principles. This protocol describes the SLSP platform and how it employs a 360&#176; rotational photodetector sensor that is scanned around an IOL sample while recording the intensity and location of scattered light as it passes through the IOL medium. The SLSP platform can be used to predict, non-clinically, the propensity for current and novel IOL designs and materials to induce light scatter. Non-clinical evaluation of light scattering properties of IOLs can significantly reduce the number of patient complaints related to unwanted glare, glistening, optical defects, poor image quality, and other phenomena associated with the unintended light scattering. Future studies should be conducted to correlate SLSP data with clinical results to help identify which measured light scatter is most problematic for patients that have undergone cataract surgery subsequent to IOL implantation.

Scanning Light Scattering Profiler SLPS Based Methodology to Quantitatively Evaluate Forward and Backward Light Scattering from Intraocular Lenses

This protocol describes the scanning light scattering profiler (SLSP) that enables the full-angle quantitative evaluation of forward and backward scattering of light from intraocular lenses (IOLs) using goniophotometer principles.

SLPS (Scanning Profiling Profiler) 기반 방법론으로 안구 내 렌즈의 전방 및 후방 산란을 정량적으로 평가

The scanning light scattering profiler (SLSP) methodology has been developed for the full-angle quantitative evaluation of forward and backward light ...

A 3D-printed Chamber for Organic Optoelectronic Device Degradation Testing

In this manuscript, we outline the manufacture of a small, portable, easy-to-use atmospheric chamber for organic and perovskite optoelectronic devices, using 3D-printing. As these types of devices are sensitive to moisture and oxygen, such a chamber can aid researchers in characterizing the electronic and stability properties. The chamber is intended to be used as a temporary, reusable, and stable environment with controlled properties (including humidity, gas introduction, and temperature). It can be used to protect air-sensitive materials or to expose them to contaminants in a controlled way for degradation studies. To characterize the properties of the chamber, we outline a simple procedure to determine the water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) using relative humidity as measured by a standard humidity sensor. This standard operating procedure, using a 50% infill density of polylactic acid (PLA), results in a chamber that can be used for weeks without any significant loss of device properties. The versatility and ease of use of the chamber allows it to be adapted to any characterization condition that requires a compact-controlled atmosphere.

Here, we present a protocol for the design, manufacture, and use of a simple, versatile 3D-printed and controlled atmospheric chamber for the optical and electrical characterization of air-sensitive organic optoelectronic devices.

유기 광전자 소자에 대 한 3D 인쇄 챔버 저하 테스트

In this manuscript, we outline the manufacture of a small, portable, easy-to-use atmospheric chamber for organic and perovskite optoelectronic devices, ...

A Modular Microfluidic Technology for Systematic Studies of Colloidal Semiconductor Nanocrystals

Colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals, known as quantum dots (QDs), are a rapidly growing class of materials in commercial electronics, such as light emitting diodes (LEDs) and photovoltaics (PVs). Among this material group, inorganic/organic perovskites have demonstrated significant improvement and potential towards high-efficiency, low-cost PV fabrication due to their high charge carrier mobilities and lifetimes. Despite the opportunities for perovskite QDs in large-scale PV and LED applications, the lack of fundamental and comprehensive understanding of their growth pathways has inhibited their adaptation within continuous nanomanufacturing strategies. Traditional flask-based screening approaches are generally expensive, labor-intensive, and imprecise for effectively characterizing the broad parameter space and synthesis variety relevant to colloidal QD reactions. In this work, a fully autonomous microfluidic platform is developed to systematically study the large parameter space associated with the colloidal synthesis of nanocrystals in a continuous flow format. Through the application of a novel translating three-port flow cell and modular reactor extension units, the system may rapidly collect fluorescence and absorption spectra across reactor lengths ranging 3 - 196 cm. The adjustable reactor length not only decouples the residence time from the velocity-dependent mass transfer, it also substantially improves the sampling rates and chemical consumption due to the characterization of 40 unique spectra within a single equilibrated system. Sample rates may reach up to 30,000 unique spectra per day, and the conditions cover 4 orders of magnitude in residence times ranging 100 ms - 17 min. Further applications of this system would substantially improve the rate and precision of the material discovery and screening in future studies. Detailed within this report are the system materials and assembly protocols with a general description of the automated sampling software and offline data processing.

Detailed herein are the operation and assembly protocols of a modular microfluidic screening platform for the systematic characterization of colloidal semiconductor nanocrystal syntheses. Through fully adjustable system arrangements, highly efficient spectra collection may be carried out across 4 orders of magnitude reaction time scales within a mass transfer-controlled sampling space.

콜 로이드 반도체 나노의 체계적인 연구를 위한 모듈형 미세 기술

Colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals, known as quantum dots (QDs), are a rapidly growing class of materials in commercial electronics, such as light ...

A Standard and Reliable Method to Fabricate Two-Dimensional Nanoelectronics

Two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted huge attention due to their unique properties and potential applications. Since wafer scale synthesis of 2D materials is still in nascent stages, scientists cannot fully rely on traditional semiconductor techniques for related research. Delicate processes from locating the materials to electrode definition need to be well controlled. In this article, a universal fabrication protocol required in manufacturing nanoscale electronics, such as 2D quasi-heterojunction bipolar transistors (Q-HBT), and 2D back-gated transistors are demonstrated. This protocol includes the determination of material position, electron beam lithography (EBL), metal electrode definition, et al. A step by step narrative of the fabrication procedures for these devices are also presented. Furthermore, results show that each of the fabricated devices has achieved high performance with high repeatability. This work reveals a comprehensive description of process flow for preparing 2D nano-electronics, enables the research groups to access this information, and pave the way toward future electronics.

The article aims to introduce a standard and reliable fabrication procedure for the development of future low dimensional nanoelectronics.

2 차원 일렉트로닉스를 조작 하는 표준 및 신뢰할 수 있는 방법

Two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted huge attention due to their unique properties and potential applications. Since wafer scale synthesis of 2D ...

Method Development for Contactless Resonant Cavity Dielectric Spectroscopic Studies of Cellulosic Paper

The current analytical techniques for characterizing printing and graphic arts substrates are largely ex situ and destructive. This limits the amount of data that can be obtained from an individual sample and renders it difficult to produce statistically relevant data for unique and rare materials. Resonant cavity dielectric spectroscopy is a non-destructive, contactless technique which can simultaneously interrogate both sides of a sheeted material and provide measurements which are suitable for statistical interpretations. This offers analysts the ability to quickly discriminate between sheeted materials based on composition and storage history. In this methodology article, we demonstrate how contactless resonant cavity dielectric spectroscopy may be used to differentiate between paper analytes of varying fiber species compositions, to determine the relative age of the paper, and to detect and quantify the amount of post-consumer waste (PCW) recycled fiber content in manufactured office paper.

A protocol for the non-destructive analysis of the fiber content and relative age of paper.

비접촉식 공진성 유전체 분광연구용 셀룰로오스 종이 공진법 개발

The current analytical techniques for characterizing printing and graphic arts substrates are largely ex situ and destructive. This limits the amount of ...

Ion-Exchange Membranes for the Fabrication of Reverse Electrodialysis Device

Reverse electrodialysis (RED) is an effective way to generate power by mixing two different salt concentrations in water using cation-exchange membranes (CEM) and anion-exchange membranes (AEM). The RED stack is composed of an alternating arrangement of the cation-exchange membrane and anion-exchange membrane. The RED device acts as a potential candidate for fulfilling the universal demand for future energy crises. Here, in this article, we demonstrate a procedure to fabricate a reverse electrodialysis device using laboratory-scale CEM and AEM for power production. The active area of the ion-exchange membrane is 49 cm2. In this article, we provide a step-by-step procedure for synthesizing the membrane, followed by the stack&#39;s assembly and power measurement. The measurement conditions and net power output calculation have also been explained. Furthermore, we describe the fundamental parameters that are taken into consideration for obtaining a reliable outcome. We also provide a theoretical parameter that affects the overall cell performance relating to the membrane and the feed solution. In short, this experiment describes how to assemble and measure RED cells on the same platform. It also contains the working principle and calculation used for estimating the net power output of the RED stack using CEM and AEM membranes.

We demonstrate the fabrication of a reverse electrodialysis device using a cation-exchange membrane (CEM) and anion-exchange membrane (AEM) for power generation.

역전기분해 장치 제조를 위한 이온 교환 멤브레인

Reverse electrodialysis (RED) is an effective way to generate power by mixing two different salt concentrations in water using cation-exchange membranes ...

Pneumatically Driven Microfluidic Platform for Micro-Particle Concentration

The present article introduces a method for fabricating and operating a pneumatic valve to control particle concentration using a microfluidic platform. This platform has a three-dimensional (3D) network with curved fluid channels and three pneumatic valves, which create networks, channels, and spaces through duplex replication with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The device operates based on the transient response of a fluid flow rate controlled by a pneumatic valve in the following order: (1) sample loading, (2) sample blocking, (3) sample concentration, and (4) sample release. The particles are blocked by thin diaphragm layer deformation of the sieve valve (Vs) plate and accumulate in the curved microfluidic channel. The working fluid is discharged by the actuation of two on/off valves. As a result of the operation, all particles of various magnifications were successfully intercepted and disengaged. When this technology is applied, the operating pressure, the time required for concentration, and the concentration rate may vary depending on the device dimensions and particle size magnification.

The present protocol describes a pneumatic microfluidic platform that can be used for efficient microparticle concentration.

미세입자 농도를 위한 공압 구동 미세유체 플랫폼

The present article introduces a method for fabricating and operating a pneumatic valve to control particle concentration using a microfluidic platform. ...