우리는 자연 과학 및 캐나다 (NSERC, # 436117-2013)의 공학 연구 협의회, 암 연구 학회 (CRS, # 20172), 골수종 캐나다, 그랜드 도전 캐나다에서 재정 지원을 인정합니다.

아래 설명 된 모든 단계가 개발 및 비 - 클린 룸 환경에서 수행되어 있습니다. 용매 본딩 단계는 가능하면 확실 클린 룸에서 수행 될 수 있지만, 이것은 필요하지 않다. 열가소성 미세 유체 장치 레이어 1. 준비 <ol><li> 설계 및 적절한 제조 방법을 사용하여, 선택한 열가소성로부터 미세 유체 소자를 제작 층 (예, 16 엠보싱 micromilling 15 - 18, 사출 성형). </li><li> 시각 에지 &quot;클린&quot;되도록 디바이스 층을 검사 (즉, 제조 공정에서 아니오 버 또는 남은 물질의 융기 부분). 최상의 결과를 광학 현미경으로 상기 장치의 외부 가장자리에 더하여 모든 가공 마이크로 피처 에지를 확인한다. </li><li> 남은 물질은 육안 검사 중에 발견 된 경우, 면도날을 사용하거나 메스 조심스럽게 제거 매트한 평면에 대하여 서로 누워에서 디바이스 층 방지 erial가되도록 층의 인터페이스는 컨 포멀 접촉. </li><li> 청소 장치는 실험실 비누와 물과 압축 공기 건조로 표면. 2 분 동안 2- 프로판올에 장치 층 잠수함과 압축 공기를 건조. </li></ol> 2. 솔벤트 본딩 <ol><li> 가열 (PMMA의 경우)를 누르거나 (COP에 대한) 핫 플레이트를 준비합니다. <ol><li> PMMA (캐스팅 아크릴, ~ 100-110 ° C의 유리 전이 온도) 18 예열 프레스 70 ° C, 그리고 들어 온도가 안정 될 수 있습니다. </li><li> (제조에서 102 ° C의 유리 전이 온도) COP를 들어, 25 ° C로, 핫 플레이트를 예열하고, 온도가 안정 할 수있다. </li></ol></li><li> 접합 공정에 대한 용매 준비합니다. <ol><li> PMMA를 들어, 접합 면적 제곱 인치당 에탄올 0.5ml를 측정한다. </li><li> COP를 들어, 2- 프로판올 및 시클로 헥산, 기지의 65:35 혼합물을 제조본딩 영역의 제곱 인치당 혼합물 0.5 ml를 하 전량. 참고 : 사이클로 헥산은 일반적인 폴리 프로필렌 실험 실용을 용해하므로 COP를 들어, 유리 피펫 및 컨테이너를 사용합니다. 시클로 헥산은 독성 등의 흄 후드의 모든 혼합 및 결합을 수행합니다. </li></ol></li><li> 세정 플라스틱 층 사이의 접착 면적의 제곱 인치당 0.1 ㎖의 용매를 분배하고 층들을 함께 가져온다. 시각 공통이며, 최대한 제거되어야하는 접합 계면에서의 기포에 대한 검사. 참고 : 빠르게 작업을 용매 분배 된 후, 같은 휘발성 용매가 증발하기 시작합니다 (따라서, 용매 혼합물 조성 변경됩니다) 도움이됩니다. <ol><li> 거품이있는 경우가 거의 떨어져 올 수 있도록, 접합 계면을 따라 두 개의 플라스틱 층을 밀어 넣습니다 (그러나 접촉을 유지)하고 함께 다시 밀어 넣습니다. </li></ol></li><li> 정렬 핀 장치의 층을 맞 춥니 다,사용자 정의 지그, 또는 단순히 손으로 (자세한 내용은 토론 섹션을 참조). <ol><li> 맞춤 핀을 사용하는 경우, 핀 구멍을 정렬하고, 장치 스택에 핀을 삽입합니다. </li><li> 사용자 정의 지그를 사용하는 경우, 지그에 장치 스택을 삽입하고 장치의 주위에 조입니다. </li><li> 손으로 정렬하는 경우 단말기의 외부 에지를 정렬하기 위해 손가락을 사용한다. </li></ol></li><li> (PMMA) 또는 (COP에 대한) 사전 가열 된 핫 플레이트 상에 예열을 눌러로 용매 장치를 놓습니다. <ol><li> PMMA를 들어, 2 분 동안 압력 2,300 kPa로 적용 할 수 있습니다. </li><li> COP를 들어, 압력 350 kPa로 적용 할 수 있습니다. 5 ℃ / 분의 속도로 70 ° C 내지 25 ° C의 온도를 증가시킨다. 추가로 15 분 동안 70 ℃에서 (9 분 후) C, 결합에 도달 한 후. </li></ol></li><li> 안전 검사를 위해 뜨거운 장치를 제거 핀셋을 사용합니다. 결합이 완료되었습니다. </li><li> 마이크로 또는 다른 featur에 (장치에 남아있는 액체를 제거들). <ol><li> PMMA를 들어, 압축 공기에 남아있는 액체를 제거합니다. COP를 들어, 남아있는 시클로 헥산을 제거하기 위해 24 시간 동안 45 ° C에서 핫 플레이트와 빵에 결합 장치를 배치합니다. </li></ol></li></ol>

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저자는 더 경쟁 재정적 이해 관계가 없음을 선언합니다.

잠재적 인 결합 전략의 타당성을 사용할 장비에 따라 달라집니다. 핫 플레이트 비교적 공통이며 웨이트 저렴하게 구입할 수 있지만, 고압 전략 가열 프레스의 사용을 필요로한다. 예를 들어, 우리의 최적 PMMA 본딩 레시피 에탄올 (표 1 참조)와 결합하는 높은 압력을 필요로하고, 요구되는 압력은 웨이트를 사용하는 전형적인 장치 크기에 도달 할 수 없습니다. 전용 핫 플레이트와 무게?...

4 - 마이크로 유체 잘 마이크로 1 화학 및 물리학을 공부 적합, 크게 생물학 연구 2에 기여할 수있는 성장 약속 기술로 지난 20 년 동안 등장했다. 미세 유체 장치의 대부분은 역사적 (PDMS), 폴리 (디메틸 실록산)으로부터, 사용하기 쉽고 저렴한 실리콘 엘라스토머를 제조하고, 고품질의 복제 기능 (5)를 구비하고있다. 그러나, PDMS는 단점을 잘 문서화 및 6,7를 처리 대량 제조와 호환이며, 같은 때문에 대량 생산함으로써 상용화를위한 그들의 잠재력, 열가소성 물질로부터 미세 유체 장치를 제조 향해 성장 추세가 있었다있다. 플라스틱 미세 가공 넓은 채택 주요 장애물 중 하나는 플라스틱 장치로 쉽게 고품질의 결합을 달성하고있다. 현재 전략은 t 채용열 전, 접착제 및 용매를 본딩 기술하지만, 많은 상당한 어려움 겪는다. 열 접합은 형광도 8 증가 종종 미세 형상 9 변형 - 접착 기술 스텐실 조심 정렬이 필요하지만, 11, 궁극적으로 마이크로 채널 (10)에 노출 된 접착제의 두께를 떠난다. 14 - 용매 결합으로 인해 단순, 조정 기능, 저렴한 비용 (10, 12)에 매력적이다. 특히, 그 조정 기능은 마이크로 피처 (14)의 변형을 최소화 일관된 고품질의 접착을 수득 할 수있는 다양한 플라스틱에 대한 최적화를 가능하게한다. 솔벤트 본딩 중에 용매 노출은 접합 계면에 걸쳐 쇄의 상호 확산을 가능하게하는 플라스틱의 표면 근처의 중합체 사슬의 유동성을 증가시킨다. 이것은 확산 사슬의 얽힘 기계적 연동을 통해 발생하며 AP 초래A. 물리적 결합 10. 열 결합은 유사한 방식으로 동작하지만, 연쇄 이동성을 증가 형 고온에 의존한다. 따라서, 열적 방법은 용매의 사용이 크게 본딩에 필요한 온도를 감소시키고, 따라서 불필요한 변형을 감소시킬 수있는 반면, 근처 또는 중합체의 유리 전이 온도 이상으로 필요로한다. 우리는 PMMA와 COP 장치 모두를 접합하기위한 특정 프로토콜을 제공한다. 그러나,이 프로토콜 및 방법은 다른 플라스틱 재료, 용제 및 사용 가능한 장비 맞출 수 열가소성 미세 유체 장치의 용매 결합에 대한 간단하고 일반적인 방법을 설명합니다. 우리는 채권의 품질을 평가하기위한 다양한 방법을 설명합니다 (예를 들어, 채권 범위, 결합 강도, 결합 내구성 및 마이크로 형상의 변형), 이러한 공통의 과제를 해결하는 문제 해결 방법을 제공합니다.

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>COP</td>
			<td>Zeonor</td>
			<td>604Z1020R080</td>
			<td>20 kg COP Pellets - 1020R. Multiple suppliers can be used, but may affect bonding characteristics.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PMMA</td>
			<td>McMaster Carr</td>
			<td>8560K173</td>
			<td>1.5 mm sheet thickness for our typical applications. Multiple suppliers can be used, but may affect bonding characteristics.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cyclohexane</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>227048</td>
			<td>Cyclohexane, anhydrous, 99.5%. Multiple suppliers can be used. Toxic, requires fumehood.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ethanol</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>24102</td>
			<td>Ethanol, absolute, &#8805;99.8% (GC). Multiple suppliers can be used.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Acetone</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>179124</td>
			<td>Acetone, ACS reagent, &#8805;99.5%. Multiple suppliers can be used.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>2-Propanol</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>278475</td>
			<td>2-Propanol, anhydrous, 99.5%. Multiple suppliers can be used.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Hot plate(s)</td>
			<td>Torrey Pines Scientific</td>
			<td>HP60</td>
			<td>Fully programmable digital hotplate. Multiple suppliers can be used.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Free weights</td>
			<td>Cap Barbell</td>
			<td>RPG#2</td>
			<td>Standard cast iron plate. Multiple suppliers and different weights can be used.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Heated press</td>
			<td>Carver</td>
			<td>Auto CH</td>
			<td>Auto series heated hydraulic press. Multiple suppliers can be used. A press that fits in a fumehood would allow the most flexibility (this model does not).</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>CNC Milling Machine</td>
			<td>Tormach</td>
			<td>PCNC 770</td>
			<td>3 Axis CNC mill. Multiple suppliers can be used.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Endmills</td>
			<td>Various</td>
			<td>Various</td>
			<td>Required sizes depend on designs. Multiple suppliers can be used.</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

solvent bonding for fabrication of pmma and cop microfluidic devices

열가소성 마이크로 유체 소자는 실리콘 탄성 중합체로 만들어진 것들에 비해 많은 장점을 제공하지만, 본딩 절차는 관심있는 각각의 열가소성 위해 개발되어야한다. 솔벤트 본딩 플라스틱의 다양한 디바이스를 제조하는데 사용될 수있는 간단하고 다양한 방법이다. 적당한 용매는 두 개의 장치 층 사이에 추가 결합되도록하고, 열 및 압력은 본딩을 용이하게 소자에 적용된다. 용매, 플라스틱, 열 및 압력의 적절한 조합을 사용함으로써, 장치는 고품질의 접합에 의해 밀봉 될 수 있고, 마이크로 높은 결합에 따르면, 접착 강도, 광학 투명도, 시간이 지남에 따라 내구성 및 낮은 변형이나 손상을 갖는 특징 기하학. 우리는 본딩 결과 결합의 품질을 특성화하는 인기있는 두 열가소성 수지, 폴리 (메틸 메타 크릴 레이트) (PMMA), 및 사이클로 올레핀 폴리머 (COP)뿐만 아니라, 다양한 방법으로 만든 장치 및 전략에 대한 절차를 설명 덮지에품질이 낮은 채권를 해결하십시오. 이러한 방법은 다른 수지 - 용매 시스템을위한 새로운 용매 본딩 프로토콜을 개발하는데 사용될 수있다.

일반 솔벤트 본딩 절차의 개략도가도 1에 도시되어있다. 채권 품질을 평가하는 가장 쉬운 방법은 불량 채권의 범위가 결합되지 않은 플라스틱의 영역을 쉽게 볼 수 있기 때문에 시각적으로 채권 범위를 검사하고, 약한 결합을 나타낸다. 이러한 영역은 일반적으로 근처의 자유 변 (예를 들어, 장치의 주변, 또는 열린 포트 또는 마이크로 근처)이며, 또한 ...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Solvent Bonding for Fabrication of PMMA and COP Microfluidic Devices at JoVE.com

Solvent Bonding for Fabrication of PMMA and COP Microfluidic Devices

솔벤트 본딩 고품질 결합을 갖는 열가소성 마이크로 유체 장치를 제조하기위한 간단하고 다양한 방법이다. 우리는 압력, 온도, 적당한 용매, 및 소자 기하의 현명한 조합에 의해 마이크로 상세 보존 PMMA 강한 광학적으로 투명한 결합 및 COP 미세 유동 장치를 달성하기위한 프로토콜을 기술한다.

PMMA의 제조 및 COP 미세 유체 장치에 대한 솔벤트 본딩

Thermoplastic microfluidic devices offer many advantages over those made from silicone elastomers, but bonding procedures must be developed for each ...

solvent-bonding-for-fabrication-of-pmma-and-cop-microfluidic-devices

Research

JoVE Journal

Engineering

16.1K 조회수.  University of Toronto.  솔벤트 본딩 고품질 결합을 갖는 열가소성 마이크로 유체 장치를 제조하기위한 간단하고 다양한 방법이다. 우리는 압력, 온도, 적당한 용매, 및 소자 기하의 현명한 조합에 의해 마이크로 상세 보존 PMMA 강한 광학적으로 투명한 결합 및 COP 미세 유동 장치를 달성하기위한 프로토콜을 기술한다. 

비디오: Solvent Bonding for Fabrication of PMMA and COP Microfluidic Devices

Fabrication of Uniform Nanoscale Cavities via Silicon Direct Wafer Bonding

Measurements of the heat capacity and superfluid fraction of confined 4He have been performed near the lambda transition using lithographically patterned and bonded silicon wafers. Unlike confinements in porous materials often used for these types of experiments3, bonded wafers provide predesigned uniform spaces for confinement. The geometry of each cell is well known, which removes a large source of ambiguity in the interpretation of data.
Exceptionally flat, 5 cm diameter, 375 &#181;m thick Si wafers with about 1 &#181;m variation over the entire wafer can be obtained commercially (from Semiconductor Processing Company, for example). Thermal oxide is grown on the wafers to define the confinement dimension in the z-direction. A pattern is then etched in the oxide using lithographic techniques so as to create a desired enclosure upon bonding. A hole is drilled in one of the wafers (the top) to allow for the introduction of the liquid to be measured. The wafers are cleaned2 in RCA solutions and then put in a microclean chamber where they are rinsed with deionized water4. The wafers are bonded at RT and then annealed at ~1,100 &#176;C. This forms a strong and permanent bond. This process can be used to make uniform enclosures for measuring thermal and hydrodynamic properties of confined liquids from the nanometer to the micrometer scale.

A method for permanently bonding two silicon wafers so as to realize a uniform enclosure is described. This includes wafer preparation, cleaning, RT bonding, and annealing processes. The resulting bonded wafers (cells) have uniformity of enclosure ~1%1,2. The resulting geometry allows for measurements of confined liquids and gasses.

실리콘 다이렉트 웨이퍼 본딩을 통한 균일한 나노스케일 캐비티 제조

Measurements of the heat capacity and superfluid fraction of confined 4He have been performed near the lambda transition using lithographically patterned ...

연구

공학

Fabrication and Testing of Microfluidic Optomechanical Oscillators

Cavity optomechanics experiments that parametrically couple the phonon modes and photon modes have been investigated in various optical systems including microresonators. However, because of the increased acoustic radiative losses during direct liquid immersion of optomechanical devices, almost all published optomechanical experiments have been performed in solid phase. This paper discusses a recently introduced hollow microfluidic optomechanical resonator. Detailed methodology is provided to fabricate these ultra-high-Q microfluidic resonators, perform optomechanical testing, and measure radiation pressure-driven breathing mode and SBS-driven whispering gallery mode parametric vibrations. By confining liquids inside the capillary resonator, high mechanical- and optical- quality factors are simultaneously maintained.

Parametric optomechanical excitations have recently been experimentally demonstrated in microfluidic optomechanical resonators by means of optical radiation pressure and stimulated Brillouin scattering. This paper describes the fabrication of these microfluidic resonators along with methodologies for generating and verifying optomechanical oscillations.

제작 및 미세 유체 광​​ 기계 발진기의 테스트

Cavity optomechanics experiments that parametrically couple the phonon modes and photon modes have been investigated in various optical systems including ...

Fabrication of Gate-tunable Graphene Devices for Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Studies with Coulomb Impurities

Owing to its relativistic low-energy charge carriers, the interaction between graphene and various impurities leads to a wealth of new physics and degrees of freedom to control electronic devices. In particular, the behavior of graphene&#8217;s charge carriers in response to potentials from charged Coulomb impurities is predicted to differ significantly from that of most materials. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) can provide detailed information on both the spatial and energy dependence of graphene&#39;s electronic structure in the presence of a charged impurity.&#160;The design of a hybrid impurity-graphene device, fabricated using controlled deposition of impurities onto a back-gated graphene surface, has enabled several novel methods for controllably tuning graphene&#8217;s electronic properties.1-8 Electrostatic gating enables control of the charge carrier density in graphene and the ability to reversibly tune the charge2 and/or molecular5 states of an impurity. This paper outlines the process of fabricating a gate-tunable graphene device decorated with individual Coulomb impurities for combined STM/STS studies.2-5 These studies provide valuable insights into the underlying physics, as well as signposts for designing hybrid graphene devices.

This paper details the fabrication process of a gate-tunable graphene device, decorated with Coulomb impurities for scanning tunneling microscopy studies. Mapping the spatially dependent electronic structure of graphene in the presence of charged impurities unveils the unique behavior of its relativistic charge carriers in response to a local Coulomb potential.

쿨롱 불순물 스캐닝 터널링 현미경 연구 게이트 - 조정 가능한 그래 핀 장치의 제작

Owing to its relativistic low-energy charge carriers, the interaction between graphene and various impurities leads to a wealth of new physics and degrees ...

Thermal Measurement Techniques in Analytical Microfluidic Devices

Thermal measurement techniques have been used for many applications such as thermal characterization of materials and chemical reaction detection. Micromachining techniques allow reduction of the thermal mass of fabricated structures and introduce the possibility to perform high sensitivity thermal measurements in the micro-scale and nano-scale devices. Combining thermal measurement techniques with microfluidic devices allows performing different analytical measurements with low sample consumption and reduced measurement time by integrating the miniaturized system on a single chip. The procedures of thermal measurement techniques for particle detection, material characterization, and chemical detection are introduced in this paper.

Here, we present three protocols for thermal measurements in microfluidic devices.

분석 미세 유체 장치의 열 측정 기술

Thermal measurement techniques have been used for many applications such as thermal characterization of materials and chemical reaction detection. ...

Fabrication and Operation of Acoustofluidic Devices Supporting Bulk Acoustic Standing Waves for Sheathless Focusing of Particles

Acoustophoresis refers to the displacement of suspended objects in response to directional forces from sound energy. Given that the suspended objects must be smaller than the incident wavelength of sound and the width of the fluidic channels are typically tens to hundreds of micrometers across, acoustofluidic devices typically use ultrasonic waves generated from a piezoelectric transducer pulsating at high frequencies (in the megahertz range). At characteristic frequencies that depend on the geometry of the device, it is possible to induce the formation of standing waves that can focus particles along desired fluidic streamlines within a bulk flow. Here, we describe a method for the fabrication of acoustophoretic devices from common materials and clean room equipment. We show representative results for the focusing of particles with positive or negative acoustic contrast factors, which move towards the pressure nodes or antinodes of the standing waves, respectively. These devices offer enormous practical utility for precisely positioning large numbers of microscopic entities (e.g., cells) in stationary or flowing fluids for applications ranging from cytometry to assembly.

Acoustofluidic devices use ultrasonic waves within microfluidic channels to manipulate, concentrate and isolate suspended micro and nanoscopic entities. This protocol describes the fabrication and operation of such a device supporting bulk acoustic standing waves to focus particles in a central streamline without the aid of sheath fluids.

제조 및 Acoustofluidic 장치의 작동은 입자의 초점 쉬스에 대한 대량 음향 서 파도 지원

Acoustophoresis refers to the displacement of suspended objects in response to directional forces from sound energy. Given that the suspended objects must ...

Fabrication of Fully Solution Processed Inorganic Nanocrystal Photovoltaic Devices

We demonstrate a method for the preparation of fully solution processed inorganic solar cells from a spin and spray coating deposition of nanocrystal inks. For the photoactive absorber layer, colloidal CdTe and CdSe nanocrystals (3-5 nm) are synthesized using an inert hot injection technique and cleaned with precipitations to remove excess starting reagents. Similarly, gold nanocrystals (3-5 nm) are synthesized under ambient conditions and dissolved in organic solvents. In addition, precursor solutions for transparent conductive indium tin oxide (ITO) films are prepared from solutions of indium and tin salts paired with a reactive oxidizer. Layer-by-layer, these solutions are deposited onto a glass substrate following annealing (200-400 &#176;C) to build the nanocrystal solar cell (glass/ITO/CdSe/CdTe/Au). Pre-annealing ligand exchange is required for CdSe and CdTe nanocrystals where films are dipped in NH4Cl:methanol to replace long-chain native ligands with small inorganic Cl- anions. NH4Cl(s) was found to act as a catalyst for the sintering reaction (as a non-toxic alternative to the conventional CdCl2(s) treatment) leading to grain growth (136&#177;39 nm) during heating. The thickness and roughness of the prepared films are characterized with SEM and optical profilometry. FTIR is used to determine the degree of ligand exchange prior to sintering, and XRD is used to verify the crystallinity and phase of each material. UV/Vis spectra show high visible light transmission through the ITO layer and a red shift in the absorbance of the cadmium chalcogenide nanocrystals after thermal annealing. Current-voltage curves of completed devices are measured under simulated one sun illumination. Small differences in deposition techniques and reagents employed during ligand exchange have been shown to have a profound influence on the device properties. Here, we examine the effects of chemical (sintering and ligand exchange agents) and physical treatments (solution concentration, spray-pressure, annealing time and annealing temperature) on photovoltaic device performance.

This protocol describes the synthesis and solution deposition of inorganic nanocrystals layer by layer to produce thin film electronics on non-conductive surfaces. Solvent-stabilized inks can produce complete photovoltaic devices on glass substrates via spin and spray coating following post-deposition ligand exchange and sintering.

완전 해결 가공 된 무기 나노 결정 태양 광 발전 장치의 제작

We demonstrate a method for the preparation of fully solution processed inorganic solar cells from a spin and spray coating deposition of nanocrystal ...

Scanning Light Scattering Profiler (SLPS) Based Methodology to Quantitatively Evaluate Forward and Backward Light Scattering from Intraocular Lenses

The scanning light scattering profiler (SLSP) methodology has been developed for the full-angle quantitative evaluation of forward and backward light scattering from intraocular lenses (IOLs) using goniophotometer principles. This protocol describes the SLSP platform and how it employs a 360&#176; rotational photodetector sensor that is scanned around an IOL sample while recording the intensity and location of scattered light as it passes through the IOL medium. The SLSP platform can be used to predict, non-clinically, the propensity for current and novel IOL designs and materials to induce light scatter. Non-clinical evaluation of light scattering properties of IOLs can significantly reduce the number of patient complaints related to unwanted glare, glistening, optical defects, poor image quality, and other phenomena associated with the unintended light scattering. Future studies should be conducted to correlate SLSP data with clinical results to help identify which measured light scatter is most problematic for patients that have undergone cataract surgery subsequent to IOL implantation.

Scanning Light Scattering Profiler SLPS Based Methodology to Quantitatively Evaluate Forward and Backward Light Scattering from Intraocular Lenses

This protocol describes the scanning light scattering profiler (SLSP) that enables the full-angle quantitative evaluation of forward and backward scattering of light from intraocular lenses (IOLs) using goniophotometer principles.

SLPS (Scanning Profiling Profiler) 기반 방법론으로 안구 내 렌즈의 전방 및 후방 산란을 정량적으로 평가

The scanning light scattering profiler (SLSP) methodology has been developed for the full-angle quantitative evaluation of forward and backward light ...

Flow-assisted Dielectrophoresis: A Low Cost Method for the Fabrication of High Performance Solution-processable Nanowire Devices

Flow-assisted dielectrophoresis (DEP) is an efficient self-assembly method for the controllable and reproducible positioning, alignment, and selection of nanowires. DEP is used for nanowire analysis, characterization, and for solution-based fabrication of semiconducting devices. The method works by applying an alternating electric field between metallic electrodes. The nanowire formulation is then dropped onto the electrodes which are on an inclined surface to create a flow of the formulation using gravity. The nanowires then align along the gradient of the electric field and in the direction of the liquid flow. The frequency of the field can be adjusted to select nanowires with superior conductivity and lower trap density. 
In this work, flow-assisted DEP is used to create nanowire field effect transistors. Flow-assisted DEP has several advantages: it allows selection of nanowire electrical properties; control of nanowire length; placement of nanowires in specific areas; control of orientation of nanowires; and control of nanowire density in the device. 
The technique can be expanded to many other applications such as gas sensors and microwave switches. The technique is efficient, quick, reproducible, and it uses a minimal amount of dilute solution making it ideal for the testing of novel nanomaterials. Wafer scale assembly of nanowire devices can also be achieved using this technique, allowing large numbers of samples for testing and large-area electronic applications.

In this paper, flow assisted dielectrophoresis is demonstrated for the self-assembly of nanowire devices. The fabrication of a silicon nanowire field effect transistor is shown as an example.

흐름 기반 Dielectrophoresis: 고성능 솔루션 처리 나노와이어 소자의 제조에 대 한 낮은 비용 방법

Flow-assisted dielectrophoresis (DEP) is an efficient self-assembly method for the controllable and reproducible positioning, alignment, and selection of ...

Atmospheric Pressure Fabrication of Large-Sized Single-Layer Rectangular SnSe Flakes

Tin selenide (SnSe) belongs to the family of layered metal chalcogenide materials with a buckled structure like phosphorene, and has shown potential for applications in two-dimensional nanoelectronics devices. Although many methods to synthesize SnSe nanocrystals have been developed, a simple way to fabricate large-sized single-layer SnSe flakes remains a great challenge. Herein, we show the experimental method to directly grow large-sized single-layer rectangular SnSe flakes on commonly used SiO2/Si insulating substrates using a straightforward two-step fabrication method in an atmospheric pressure quartz tube furnace system. The single-layer rectangular SnSe flakes with an average thickness of ~6.8 &#197; and lateral dimensions of about 30 &#181;m &#215; 50 &#181;m were fabricated by a combination of vapor transport deposition technique and nitrogen etching route. We characterized the morphology, microstructure, and electrical properties of the rectangular SnSe flakes and obtained excellent crystallinity and good electronic properties. This article about the two-step fabrication method can help researchers grow other similar two-dimensional, large-sized, single-layer materials using an atmospheric pressure system.

A protocol is presented demonstrating a two-step fabrication technique to grow large-sized single-layer rectangular shaped SnSe flakes on low-cost SiO2/Si dielectrics wafers in an atmospheric pressure quartz tube furnace system.

단일 레이어 사각형 SnSe 대형 조각의 대기압 제조

Tin selenide (SnSe) belongs to the family of layered metal chalcogenide materials with a buckled structure like phosphorene, and has shown potential for ...

Fabrication of Refractive-index-matched Devices for Biomedical Microfluidics

The use of microfluidic devices has emerged as a defining tool for biomedical applications. When combined with modern microscopy techniques, these devices can be implemented as part of a robust platform capable of making simultaneous complementary measurements. The primary challenge created by the combination of these two techniques is the mismatch in refractive index between the materials traditionally used to make microfluidic devices and the aqueous solutions typically used in biomedicine. This mismatch can create optical artifacts near the channel or device edges. One solution is to reduce the refractive index of the material used to fabricate the device by using a fluorinated polymer such as MY133-V2000 whose refractive index is similar to that of water (n = 1.33). Here, the construction of a microfluidic device made out of MY133-V2000 using soft lithography techniques is demonstrated, using O2 plasma in conjunction with an acrylic holder to increase the adhesion between the MY133-V2000 fabricated device and the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrate. The device is then tested by incubating it filled with cell culture media for 24 h to demonstrate the ability of the device to maintain cell culture conditions during the course of a typical imaging experiment. Finally, quantitative phase microscopy (QPM) is used to measure the distribution of mass within the live adherent cells in the microchannel. This way, the increased precision, enabled by fabricating the device from a low index of refraction polymer such as MY133-V2000 in lieu of traditional soft lithography materials such as PDMS, is demonstrated. Overall, this approach for fabricating microfluidic devices can be readily integrated into existing soft lithography workflows in order to reduce optical artifacts and increase measurement precision.

This protocol describes the fabrication of microfluidic devices from MY133-V2000 to eliminate artifacts that often arise in microchannels due to the mismatching refractive indices between microchannel structures and an aqueous solution. This protocol uses an acrylic holder to compress the encapsulated device, improving adhesion both chemically and mechanically.

생물 의학 마이크로 대 한 굴절 인덱스 일치 장치 제조

The use of microfluidic devices has emerged as a defining tool for biomedical applications. When combined with modern microscopy techniques, these devices ...