Name: isolation, processing and analysis of murine gingival cells
Uploaded: 2013-07-02T14:00:00.000+00:00
Duration: 9 min 47 s
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Isolation, Processing and Analysis of Murine Gingival Cells at JoVE.com

Esta pesquisa foi apoiada por doações da Fundação para a Ciência Israel (n º 1418/11) para AHH e (n º 1933/12) para AW, a Fundação israelense alemão para jovens investigadores (GIF jovem) para AHH, eo Dr. I . Fundo Cabakoff Research Endowment da Universidade Hadassah-Faculdade de Medicina Dentária de AHH e AW hebraico.

Prepare-se com antecedência: <ul><li> PBS + FCS a 2% </li><li> PBS + FCS a 2% com 2 mg / ml de colagenase de tipo II e de 1 mg / ml de ADNase tipo I (1 ml para cada amostra) </li><li> Instrumentos cirúrgicos esterilizados </li><li> Solução de EDTA 0,5 M </li></ul> 1. Superior Técnica Excisão Gengival <ol><li> Eutanásia ratos usando orientação IACUC aprovado. </li><li> Corte ambos os lados da cavidade oral, incluindo as bochechas e do ramo da mandíbula com uma acentuada / blunt tesoura reta. </li><li> Puxe para baixo a mandíbula. </li><li> Cortar os tecidos moles e duros por uma linha imaginária que 1 milímetro atrás dos molares terços padrão com uma tesoura. Dirigir a tesoura perpendiculares ao plano do osso palatino (Figura 2A, linha azul). </li><li> Inciso os tecidos duros e moles 2 milímetros por trás dos incisivos (Figura 2A, linha azul). </li><li> Puxe para baixo a parte anterior da boca. A cavidade nasal é observável após esta etapa. </li><li> Coloque a tesouraparalelo ao paladar, colocar uma lâmina para dentro da cavidade nasal, a outra lâmina deve incisão no vestíbulo. Corte até a incisão posterior (Figura 2A, as linhas verdes). Repetir esta etapa em ambos os lados do maxilar. No final da maxila é separada do resto do crânio (Figura 2B). </li><li> Retire a maxila, cortá-lo no meio de sutura (Figura 2, linha tracejada preta) e cortar o tecido palatal de cada hemi-maxila até atingir o osso alveolar. </li><li> Descasque os tecidos gengivais (ambos hemi-maxilas) a partir de sua borda anterior com Adson fórceps (sem dentes). </li><li> Coloque a gengiva excisada numa placa com PBS + 2% de FCS. </li></ol> 2. Gengival Processamento <ol><li> Coloque a gengiva excisadas num prato de cultura de tecido (35 x 10 mm) com 1 ml de PBS + FCS a 2%, 2 mg / mL de colagenase tipo II e 1 mg / ml de ADNase tipo I. </li><li> Picar bem o tecido com um N ° 15 lâmina cirúrgica estéril. </li><li> Transfer o tecido da placa para um tubo de ensaio de 15 mL cónico. </li><li> Lave as células de tecido / remanescentes na placa com 1 ml de PBS + FCS a 2% e de transferência para o mesmo tubo de ensaio. </li><li> Incubar numa incubadora num agitador durante 20 min a 37 ° C, 200 rpm (recomendação: pré-aquecimento da incubadora). </li><li> Adicionar 20 ul de EDTA 0,5 M e incubar durante mais 10 min a 37 ° C, 200 rpm. </li><li> Encher o tubo de ensaio até 12 ml com PBS + FCS a 2% e centrifugação a 4 ° C, a 400 xg, durante 8 min (recomendação: pré-frio a centrífuga). </li><li> Remover o sobrenadante e ressuspender as células com 2 ml de PBS + FCS a 2%. </li><li> Filtrar a amostra com 70 mM de células-filtro e salvar fluir. </li><li> Centrifugar a 4 ° C, 320 xg durante 5 min. </li><li> Remover as células sobrenadante e ressuspender com 300 mL PBS + 2% FCS. </li><li> Contar as células (5 x 10 células de aproximadamente 5-10 são esperados a partir de uma única maxila). </li></ol> 3. Anticorpo extracelular e intracelularColoração por citometria de fluxo Recomenda-se a trabalhar dentro de uma capa, com as luzes apagadas. É crítico para manter as células em ambiente frio constante, bem como todos os materiais necessários. <ol><li> Stain células contra moléculas extracelulares adicionando 0,2-0,5 ug de cada anticorpo seleccionado por 1 x 10 6 células, num volume total de 100 ul. </li><li> Vortex brevemente. </li><li> Incubar os tubos durante 15 min no escuro a 4 ° C. </li><li> Lavar as células com 2 ml de PBS + FCS a 2%. </li><li> Centrifugar a 4 ° C, 320 xg durante 5 min. </li><li> Aspirar células sobrenadante e ressuspender adicionando, gota a gota, 500 mL frio BD Cytoperm / Cytofix enquanto vortex. </li><li> Incubar os tubos durante 40 minutos a 4 ° C no escuro. </li><li> Vortex brevemente. </li><li> Lave as células duas vezes com 1 ml de frio BD Perm / Wash tampão e centrifugação a 800 xg durante 7 minutos a 4 ° C. </li><li> Aspirar o sobrenadante exceto para 300 ml. </li><li> Mancha células intracelular poradição de 1 ug de cada anticorpo seleccionado por 1 x 10 6 células, num volume total de 100 ul. </li><li> Vortex brevemente. </li><li> Incubar durante 30 min no escuro a 4 ° C. </li><li> Lave as células duas vezes com 1 ml de frio BD Perm / Wash tampão e centrifugação a 800 xg durante 7 minutos a 4 ° C. </li><li> Aspirar células sobrenadante e ressuspender adicionando 300 ml BD Perm / Wash Buffer frio. </li><li> Vortex brevemente. </li><li> Transferir a suspensão enquanto a filtragem para tubos FACS. </li><li> Manter os tubos em um ambiente escuro e frio até à análise. </li></ol>

<ol>
	<li>Arizon, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Langerhans+cells+down-regulate+inflammation-driven+alveolar+bone+loss.">Langerhans cells down-regulate inflammation-driven alveolar bone loss.</a> Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 109, 7043-7048 (2012).</li><li>Listgarten, M. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Pathogenesis+of+periodontitis.">Pathogenesis of periodontitis.</a> J. Clin. Periodontol. 13, 418-430 (1986).</li><li>Kinane, D. F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Causation+and+pathogenesis+of+periodontal+disease.">Causation and pathogenesis of periodontal disease.</a> Periodontol. 25, 8-20 (2000).</li><li>Jotwani, R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mature+dendritic+cells+infiltrate+the+T+cell-rich+region+of+oral+mucosa+in+chronic+periodontitis:+in+situ,+in+vivo,+and+in+vitro+studies.">Mature dendritic cells infiltrate the T cell-rich region of oral mucosa in chronic periodontitis: in situ, in vivo, and in vitro studies.</a> J. Immunol. 167, 4693-4700 (2001).</li><li>Graves, D. T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Interleukin-1+and+tumor+necrosis+factor+antagonists+inhibit+the+progression+of+inflammatory+cell+infiltration+toward+alveolar+bone+in+experimental+periodontitis.">Interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor antagonists inhibit the progression of inflammatory cell infiltration toward alveolar bone in experimental periodontitis.</a> J. Periodontol. 69, 1419-1425 (1998).</li><li>Kabashima, H., Yoneda, M., Nagata, K., Hirofuji, T., Maeda, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+presence+of+chemokine+(MCP-1,+MIP-1alpha,+MIP-1beta,+IP-10,+RANTES)-positive+cells+and+chemokine+receptor+(CCR5,+CXCR3)-positive+cells+in+inflamed+human+gingival+tissues.">The presence of chemokine (MCP-1, MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta, IP-10, RANTES)-positive cells and chemokine receptor (CCR5, CXCR3)-positive cells in inflamed human gingival tissues.</a> Cytokine. 20, 70-77 (2002).</li><li>Moughal, N. A., Adonogianaki, E., Kinane, D. F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Langerhans+cell+dynamics+in+human+gingiva+during+experimentally+induced+inflammation.">Langerhans cell dynamics in human gingiva during experimentally induced inflammation.</a> J. Biol. Buccale. 20, 163-167 (1992).</li><li>Cochran, D. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Inflammation+and+bone+loss+in+periodontal+disease.">Inflammation and bone loss in periodontal disease.</a> J. Periodontol. 79, 1569-1576 (2008).</li><li>Taubman, M. A., Valverde, P., Han, X., Kawai, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Immune+response:+the+key+to+bone+resorption+in+periodontal+disease.">Immune response: the key to bone resorption in periodontal disease.</a> J. Periodontol. 76, 2033-2041 (2005).</li><li>Graves, D. T., Kang, J., Andriankaja, O., Wada, K., Rossa, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Animal+models+to+study+host-bacteria+interactions+involved+in+periodontitis.">Animal models to study host-bacteria interactions involved in periodontitis.</a> Front Oral Biol. 15, 117-132 (2012).</li></ol>

Os autores não têm nada a revelar.

Tecidos gengivais Maxilla obtidos a partir de um único rato são suficientes para análise de sub-populações de linfócitos T e B, bem como a sua capacidade para expressar moléculas extracelulares e intracelulares, como previamente descrito 1. No entanto, se as populações de células raras são de interesse (por exemplo, DCs), recomenda-se a tecidos de piscina 2-3 ratinhos. De nota, se preferível, é possível descascar ambos os tecidos gengivais e palatal e, depois, para extirpar a gengiva (uma modifi...

Gengiva é o tecido macio em torno da porção cervical dos dentes e cobre o processo alveolar (Figura 1). A gengiva é um tipo de mucosa mastigatória que podem ser ainda separadas no epitélio da mucosa e do tecido conjuntivo (também conhecido como submucosa ou lâmina). A estrutura anatômica da gengiva e dentes adjacentes permite que as bactérias para residir e desenvolver placa (biofilme) que desafia constantemente o sistema imunológico local. Como resultado, a resposta inflamatória desenvolve na gengiva, o que, em determinadas circunstâncias torna-se destrutiva - uma situação designada por doenças periodontais 2. Basicamente, patologias periodontais placa induzidos podem ser divididos em gengivite e periodontite. Gengivite representa uma condição reversível da resposta inflamatória local que está confinada ao gengiva. A periodontite, por outro lado, é um processo de destruição irreversível em que o aparelho de fixação (osso alveolar, periodontalligamento, cemento e gengiva) é destruído 3. A gengiva foi proposto para servir tanto locais como efectoras e indutivo durante quatro doenças periodontais. Estudos em humanos têm sugerido que, em resposta a placa dental, células efetoras imunes e as moléculas se infiltrado ou partida da gengiva 5-7 dinamicamente. Esta actividade foi demonstrado desempenhar um papel importante na destruição periodontal 8,9. Considerando que os dados gerados por esses estudos forneceram informações valiosas sobre esse processo patológico, trabalhando com os tecidos humanos possuem grandes limitações éticas, técnicas e experimental. O desenvolvimento de modelos experimentais permitiram experimentações de causa-efeito via empregando camundongos transgênicos e intervenções vivo 10. Como resultado, o nosso conhecimento sobre os mecanismos envolvidos na doença periodontal aumentaram consideravelmente durante as últimas duas décadas. Ainda assim, devido à complexidade da doença periodontal, não existeum debate em curso sobre a natureza da resposta imune local facilitando a destruição dos tecidos. Há também uma falta de compreensão sobre a função das células imunitárias centrais na gengiva durante as doenças periodontais. É, portanto, essencial para estudar eventos inflamatórios patológicos que ocorrem no tecido alvo da doença da gengiva.

<table><tbody><tr><td>Collagenase Type II</td><td>Worthington Biochemical Corp.</td><td>CLS-2</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>DNAse I</td><td>SIGMA</td><td>DN25-1G</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>EDTA</td><td>SIGMA</td><td>E6758-100G</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Dulbecco&#039;s PBS</td><td>SIGMA</td><td>D8537</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Fetal Bovine Serum </td><td>Biological Industries</td><td>04-121-1</td><td>Heat Inactivated</td></tr><tr><td>Vacuum-Driven Filter</td><td>Jet Biofil</td><td>FPE-204-500</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>5 ml Polystyrene Round-Bottom Tube</td><td>BD Falcon</td><td>352052</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Cell Strainer 70 &amp;mu;m</td><td>SPL Lifesciences</td><td>93070</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Tissue Culture Dish 35&amp;#215;10 mm</td><td>NUNC</td><td>153066</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>BD Cytofix/Cytoperm</td><td>BD</td><td>554714</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Anti-mouse CD11c antibody</td><td>Biolegend</td><td>117305</td><td>Clone N418</td></tr><tr><td>Anti-mouse CD45.2 antibody</td><td>Biolegend</td><td>109819</td><td>Clone 104</td></tr><tr><td>Anti-mouse CD4 antibody</td><td>Biolegend</td><td>100413</td><td>Clone GK1.5</td></tr><tr><td>Anti-mouse CD8a antibody</td><td>Biolegend</td><td>100733</td><td>Clone 53-6.7</td></tr><tr><td>Anti-mouse CD3 antibody</td><td>Biolegend</td><td>100214</td><td>Clone 17A2</td></tr><tr><td>Anti-mouse CD326 (Ep-CAM) antibody</td><td>Biolegend</td><td>118219</td><td>Clone G8.8</td></tr><tr><td>Anti-mouse CD207 (Langerin) antibody</td><td>Imgenex</td><td>DDX0362D</td><td>Clone 929F3.01</td></tr><tr><td>Anti-mouse I-A&lt;sup&gt;d&lt;/sup&gt; (MHC-II) antobody</td><td>Biolegend</td><td>115010</td><td>Clone 39-10-8</td></tr><tr><td>LSR II Flow Cytometer</td><td>BD Biosciences</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>FlowJo Software v 7.6.5</td><td>Tree Star</td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

isolation, processing and analysis of murine gingival cells

Desenvolvemos uma técnica para isolar e processar o tecido gengival murino por citometria de fluxo, os estudos moleculares e com precisão. A gengiva é um tecido único e importante para estudar os mecanismos imunitários, porque está envolvido na resposta imune do hospedeiro contra o biofilme oral, que podem provocar doenças periodontais. Além disso, a proximidade da gengiva para o tecido do osso alveolar também permite estudar a remodelação óssea em condições inflamatórias. Nosso método produz grande quantidade de células do sistema imunológico que permite a análise de até populações raras células, tais como células de Langerhans e células T reguladoras como demonstramos anteriormente 1. Empregando ratinhos para estudar as respostas imunitárias locais envolvidos na perda de osso alveolar durante as doenças periodontais, é vantajoso, devido à disponibilidade de várias ferramentas imunológicas e experimental. No entanto, devido ao seu pequeno tamanho e ao acesso relativamente inconveniente para a gengiva murino, muitos estudos evitada exame de this tecidos críticos. O método descrito neste trabalho podem facilitar a análise de gengiva, que poderá aumentar a atenuante no sistema imunitário por via oral e o seu papel durante as doenças periodontais.

São apresentados exemplos de análise de citometria de fluxo em células gengivais. Células gengivais agrupados a partir de dois ratos foram executados em um citômetro de fluxo LSR II e analisados ​​usando o software FlowJo. Figura 3A demonstrou a distribuição de células gengivais de camundongos ingênuos em uma dispersão lateral (SSC) em relação ao gráfico de dispersão (FSC). Gating estratégia para identificar (i) os linfócitos (ii) os monócitos / células dendríticas e (iii) os gran...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Isolation, Processing and Analysis of Murine Gingival Cells at JoVE.com

Isolation, Processing and Analysis of Murine Gingival Cells

Este estudo descreve uma técnica eficiente para isolar e processar tecido gengival da cavidade oral do rato de modo a produzir uma cultura de uma única célula. As células resultantes podem ser ainda utilizado para a análise de citometria de fluxo e os estudos moleculares.

Isolamento, processamento e análise de células gengivais murino

We have developed a technique to precisely isolate and process murine gingival tissue for flow cytometry and molecular studies. The gingiva is a unique ...

isolation-processing-and-analysis-of-murine-gingival-cells

Research

JoVE Journal

Immunology and Infection

18.8K visualizações.  Hebrew University - Hadassah Medical Center. Este estudo descreve uma técnica eficiente para isolar e processar tecido gengival da cavidade oral do rato de modo a produzir uma cultura de uma única célula. As células resultantes podem ser ainda utilizado para a análise de citometria de fluxo e os estudos moleculares.

Vídeo: Isolation, Processing and Analysis of Murine Gingival Cells

Isolation, Characterization and Functional Examination of the Gingival Immune Cell Network

Immune cell networks in tissues play a vital role in mediating local immunity and maintaining tissue homeostasis, yet little is known of the resident immune cell populations in the oral mucosa and gingiva. We have established a technique for the isolation and study of immune cells from murine gingival tissues, an area of constant microbial exposure and a vulnerable site to a common inflammatory disease, periodontitis. Our protocol allows for a detailed phenotypic characterization of the immune cell populations resident in the gingiva, even at steady state. Our procedure also yields sufficient cells with high viability for use in functional studies, such as the assessment of cytokine secretion ex vivo. This combination of phenotypic and functional characterization of the gingival immune cell network should aid towards investigating the mechanisms involved in oral immunity and periodontal homeostasis, but will also advance our understanding of the mechanisms involved in local immunopathology.

We have established a technique for the isolation, phenotypic characterization and functional analysis of immune cells from murine gingiva.

Isolamento, caracterização e exploração funcional da célula de rede gengival Imune

Immune cell networks in tissues play a vital role in mediating local immunity and maintaining tissue homeostasis, yet little is known of the resident ...

Imunologia e Infecção

Rapid Isolation of Single Cells from Mouse and Human Teeth

Mouse and human teeth represent challenging organs for quick and efficient cell isolation for single-cell transcriptomic or other applications. The dental pulp tissue, rich in the extracellular matrix, requires a long and tedious dissociation process that is typically beyond the reasonable time for single-cell transcriptomics. For avoiding artificial changes in gene expression, the time elapsed from euthanizing an animal until the analysis of single cells needs to be minimized. This work presents a fast protocol enabling to obtain single-cell suspension from mouse and human teeth in an excellent quality suitable for scRNA-seq (single-cell RNA-sequencing). This protocol is based on accelerated tissue isolation steps, enzymatic digestion, and subsequent preparation of final single-cell suspension. This enables fast and gentle processing of tissues and allows using more animal or human samples for obtaining cell suspensions with high viability and minimal transcriptional changes. It is anticipated that this protocol might guide researchers interested in performing the scRNA-seq not only on the mouse or human teeth but also on other extracellular matrix-rich tissues, including cartilage, dense connective tissue, and dermis.

The current protocol presents a fast, efficient, and gentle method for isolating single cells suitable for single-cell RNA-seq analysis from a continuously growing mouse incisor, mouse molar, and human teeth.

Isolamento rápido de células únicas de dentes humanos e de camundongos

Mouse and human teeth represent challenging organs for quick and efficient cell isolation for single-cell transcriptomic or other applications. The dental ...

Biologia do Desenvolvimento

Isolation of Mouse Salivary Gland Stem Cells

Mature salivary glands of both human and mouse origin comprise a minimum of five cell types, each of which facilitates the production and excretion of saliva into the oral cavity. Serous and mucous acinar cells are the protein and mucous producing factories of the gland respectively, and represent the origin of saliva production. Once synthesised, the various enzymatic and other proteinaceous components of saliva are secreted through a series of ductal cells bearing epithelial-type morphology, until the eventual expulsion of the saliva through one major duct into the cavity of the mouth. The composition of saliva is also modified by the ductal cells during this process.
In the manifestation of diseases such as Sj&ouml;gren's syndrome, and in some clinical situations such as radiotherapy treatment for head and neck cancers, saliva production by the glands is dramatically reduced 1,2. The resulting xerostomia, a subjective feeling of dry mouth, affects not only the ability of the patient to swallow and speak, but also encourages the development of dental caries and can be socially debilitating for the sufferer.
The restoration of saliva production in the above-mentioned clinical conditions therefore represents an unmet clinical need, and as such several studies have demonstrated the regenerative capacity of the salivary glands 3-5. Further to the isolation of stem cell-like populations of cells from various tissues within the mouse and human bodies 6-8, we have shown using the described method that stem cells isolated from mouse salivary glands can be used to rescue saliva production in irradiated salivary glands 9,10. This discovery paves the way for the development of stem cell-based therapies for the treatment of xerostomic conditions in humans, and also for the exploration of the salivary gland as a microenvironment containing cells with multipotent self-renewing capabilities.

An optimized protocol for the isolation of stem cells from the mouse salivary gland is described. The method employs enzymatic and mechanical digestion, and permits isolation of salispheres containing cells with characteristics of stem cells.

Isolamento de Células-Tronco do rato das Glândulas Salivares

Mature salivary glands of both human and mouse origin comprise a minimum of five cell types, each of which facilitates the production and excretion of ...

Biologia

Robust Ligature-Induced Model of Murine Periodontitis for the Evaluation of Oral Neutrophils

The main advantages of studying the pathophysiology of periodontal disease utilizing murine models are the reduced cost of animals, array of genetically modified strains, the vast number of analyses that can be performed on harvested soft and hard tissues. However, many of these systems are subject to procedural criticisms. As an alternative, the ligature-induced model of periodontal disease, driven by the localized development and retention of a dysbiotic oral microbiome, can be employed, which is rapidly induced and relatively reliable. Unfortunately, the variants of ligature-induced murine periodontitis protocol are isolated to focal regions of the periodontium and subject to premature avulsion of the installed ligature. This minimizes the amount of tissue available for subsequent analyses and increases the number of animals required for study. This protocol describes the precise manipulations required to place extended molar ligatures with improved retention and usage of a novel rinse technique to recover oral neutrophils in mice with an alternative approach that mitigates the aforementioned technical challenges.

This article presents a protocol for establishing a ligature-induced model of murine periodontitis involving multiple maxillary molars, resulting in larger areas of the involved gingival tissue and bone for subsequent analysis as well as reduced animal usage. A technique to assess oral neutrophils in a manner analogous to human subjects is also described.

Modelo robusto induzido por ligadura de periodontite de murine para a avaliação de neutrófilos orais

The main advantages of studying the pathophysiology of periodontal disease utilizing murine models are the reduced cost of animals, array of genetically ...

Isolation and Culture of Primary Human Gingival Epithelial Cells using Y-27632

The gingival tissue is the first structure that protects periodontal tissues and plays meaningful roles in many oral functions. The gingival epithelium is an important structure of gingival tissue, especially in the repair and regeneration of periodontal tissue. Studying the functions of gingival epithelial cells has crucial scientific value, such as repairing oral defects and detecting the compatibility of biomaterials. As human gingival epithelial cells are highly differentiated keratinized cells, their lifespan is short, and they are difficult to passage. So far, there are only two ways to isolate and culture gingival epithelial cells, a direct explant method and an enzymatic method. However, the time required to obtain epithelial cells using the direct explant method is longer, and the cell survival rate of the enzymatic method is lower. Clinically, the acquisition of gingival tissue is limited, so a stable, efficient, and simple in vitro isolation and culture system is needed. We improved the traditional enzymatic method by adding Y-27632, a Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) inhibitor, which can selectively promote the growth of epithelial cells. Our modified enzymatic method simplifies the steps of the traditional enzymatic method and increases the efficiency of culturing epithelial cells, which has significant advantages over the direct explant method and the enzymatic method.

Here we present a modified method for the isolation and culture of human gingival epithelial cells by adding the Rock inhibitor, Y-27632, to the traditional method. This method is easier, less time-consuming, enhances stem cell properties, and produces larger numbers of high-potential epithelial cells both for the laboratory and for clinical applications.

Isolamento e Cultura das Células Epiteliais Gengivais Humanas Primárias usando Y-27632

The gingival tissue is the first structure that protects periodontal tissues and plays meaningful roles in many oral functions. The gingival epithelium is ...

Bioengenharia

Dissection and Isolation of Murine Glia from Multiple Central Nervous System Regions

The methods presented here demonstrate laboratory procedures for the dissection of four different regions of the central nervous system (CNS) from murine neonates for the isolation of glial subpopulations. The purpose of the procedure is to dissociate microglia, oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs), and astrocytes from cortical, cerebellar, brainstem, and spinal cord tissue to facilitate further in vitro analysis. The CNS region isolation procedures allow for the determination of regional heterogeneity among glia in multiple cell culture systems. Rapid CNS region isolation is performed, followed by the mechanical removal of meninges to prevent meningeal cell contamination of glia. This protocol combines gentle tissue dissociation and plating on a specified matrix designed to preserve cell integrity and adherence. Isolating mixed glia from multiple CNS regions provides a comprehensive analysis of potentially heterogenous glia while maximizing the use of individual experimental animals. Additionally, following dissociation of regional tissue, mixed glia are further divided into multiple cell types including microglia, OPCs, and astrocytes for use in either single cell type, cell culture plate inserts, or co-culture systems. Overall, the demonstrated techniques provide a comprehensive protocol of broad applicability for careful dissection of four individual CNS regions from murine neonates and includes methods for the isolation of three individual glia cell types to examine regional heterogeneity in any number of in vitro cell culture systems or assays.

Here we present a protocol for in vitro isolation of multiple glial cell populations from a mouse CNS. This method allows for the segregation of regional microglia, oligodendrocyte precursor cells, and astrocytes to study the phenotypes of each in a variety of culture systems.

Dissecção e isolamento da glia murina de múltiplas regiões do sistema nervoso central

The methods presented here demonstrate laboratory procedures for the dissection of four different regions of the central nervous system (CNS) from murine ...

Neurociência

Isolation of Murine Coronary Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells

While the isolation and culture of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from large vessels is well established, we sought to isolate and culture VSMCs from the coronary circulation. Hearts with intact aortic arches were removed and perfused via retrograde Langendorff with digestion solution containing 300 Units/ml of collagenase type II, 0.1 mg/ml soybean trypsin inhibitor and 1 M CaCl2. The perfusates were collected at 15 min intervals for 90 min, pelleted by centrifugation, resuspended in plating media, and plated on tissue culture dishes. VSMCs were characterized by presence of SM22&#945;, &#945;-SMA, and vimentin. One of the main advantages of using this technique is the ability to isolate VSMCs from the coronary circulation of mice. Although the small number of cells obtained can limit some of the applications for which the cells can be utilized, isolated coronary VSMCs can be used in a variety of well-established cell culture techniques and assays. Studies investigating VSMCs from genetically modified mice can provide further information about structure-function and signaling processes associated with vascular pathologies.

The purpose of this protocol is to demonstrate the isolation and culture techniques of murine primary vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from the coronary circulation. Once VSMCs have been isolated, they can be used for many standard culture techniques.

Isolamento de Murino vasculares coronários células musculares lisas

While the isolation and culture of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from large vessels is well established, we sought to isolate and culture VSMCs ...

Isolation of Myoepithelial Cells from Adult Murine Lacrimal and Submandibular Glands

The lacrimal gland (LG) is an exocrine tubuloacinar gland that secretes an aqueous layer of tear film. The LG epithelial tree is comprised of acinar, ductal epithelial, and myoepithelial cells (MECs). MECs express alpha smooth muscle actin (&#945;SMA) and have a contractile function. They are found in multiple glandular organs and are of ectodermal origin. In addition, the LG contains SMA+ vascular smooth muscle cells of endodermal origin called pericytes: contractile cells that envelop the surface of vascular tubes. A new protocol allows us to isolate both MECs and pericytes from adult murine LGs and submandibular glands (SMGs). The protocol is based on the genetic labeling of MECs and pericytes using the SMACreErt2/+:Rosa26-TdTomatofl/fl mouse strain, followed by preparation of the LG single-cell suspension for fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS). The protocol allows for the separation of these two cell populations of different origins based on the expression of the epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) by MECs, whereas pericytes do not express EpCAM. Isolated cells could be used for cell cultivation or gene expression analysis.

The lacrimal gland (LG) has two cell types expressing &#945;-smooth muscle actin (&#945;SMA): myoepithelial cells (MECs) and pericytes. MECs are of ectodermal origin, found in many glandular tissues, while pericytes are vascular smooth muscle cells of endodermal origin. This protocol isolates MECs and pericytes from murine LGs.

Isolamento de células mioepiteliais das glândulas lacrimal e submandibular de Murina adulta

The lacrimal gland (LG) is an exocrine tubuloacinar gland that secretes an aqueous layer of tear film. The LG epithelial tree is comprised of acinar, ...

Isolation of Splenic Microvesicles in a Murine Model of Intraperitoneal Bacterial Infection

Microvesicles (MVs) are submicron fragments released from the plasma membrane of activated cells that act as proinflammatory and procoagulant cellular effectors. In rats, spleen MVs (SMVs) are surrogate markers of pathophysiological conditions. Previous in vitro studies demonstrated that Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), a major periodontal pathogen, enables&#160;the endothelial shedding and apoptosis while lipopolysaccharide (LPS) favors the shedding of splenocyte-derived microvesicles (SMVs). In vivo studies showed the feasibility of pharmacological control of SMV shedding. The present protocol establishes a standardized procedure for isolating splenic SMVs from the P. gingivalis acute murine infection model.&#160;P. gingivalis infection was induced in young C57BL/6 mice by intraperitoneal injection (three injections of 5 x 107 bacteria/week). After two weeks, the spleens were collected, weighed, and the splenocytes were counted. SMVs were isolated and quantified by protein, RNA, and prothrombinase assays. Cell viability was assessed by either propidium iodide or trypan blue exclusion dyes. Following splenocyte extraction, neutrophil counts were obtained by flow cytometry after 24 h of splenocyte culture. In P. gingivalis-injected mice, a 2.5-fold increase in spleen weight and a 2.3-fold rise in the splenocyte count were observed, while the neutrophils count was enhanced by 40-folds. The cell viability of splenocytes from P. gingivalis-injected mice ranged from 75%-96% and was decreased by 50% after 24 h of culture without any significant difference compared to unexposed controls. However, splenocytes from injected mice shed higher amounts of MVs by prothrombinase assay or protein measurements. The data demonstrate that the procoagulant SMVs are reliable tools to assess an early spleen response to intraperitoneal&#160;P. gingivalis infection.

Microvesicles shed from the plasma membrane act as cellular effectors. Spleen microvesicles (SMVs) are surrogate markers of pathophysiological conditions. In rats and mice, SMV content and properties characterize aging or inflammation and are altered by cytoprotective treatments, making them a valuable yet abundant monitoring tool for preclinical research.

Microvesicles (MVs) are submicron fragments released from the plasma membrane of activated cells that act as proinflammatory and procoagulant cellular ...

A Bacterial Infection Assay for Studying Anaerobic Bacteria-Host Cell Interactions

Source: Wunsch, C. M., et al. <a href="https://app.jove.com/v/53408">Porphyromonas gingivalis as a Model Organism for Assessing Interaction of Anaerobic Bacteria with Host Cells.</a> J. Vis. Exp. (2015)
This video demonstrates a technique for assessing the ability of Porphyromonas gingivalis, an anaerobic pathogenic bacterium, to adhere to and invade human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). After infecting the host cells with the bacteria, the host cells are lysed to release both adhered and internalized bacteria. When the lysate is plated in an appropriate medium, the presence of colonies indicates successful bacteria-host cell interactions.

Um ensaio de infecção bacteriana para estudar interações anaeróbicas bactérias-células hospedeiras

The following protocols will describe methods for culturing and studying the invasion by the anaerobic species, P. gingivalis; however, these protocols ...