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Chapter 12

Analysis of Competitive Markets

Ценовой потолок
Ценовой потолок
A price ceiling is a regulation that sets the maximum price that can be charged for a product. This is done by the government to keep essential goods ...
Ценовой потолок и эластичный спрос
Ценовой потолок и эластичный спрос
When demand and supply are elastic, the quantity demanded and supplied respond significantly to price changes. In this context, a price ceiling set below ...
Ценовой потолок и неэластичный спрос
Ценовой потолок и неэластичный спрос
In a market with inelastic demand and supply, the quantity demanded and supplied exhibits minimal responsiveness to price fluctuations. So, when prices ...
Ценовой порог
Ценовой порог
A price floor is a regulation that establishes the minimum price that can be charged for a product. Governments often set price floors to ensure producers ...
Налоги
Налоги
Taxes are mandatory financial charges that governments impose on individuals or businesses. An excise tax, in particular, is levied on the sale of ...
Размер налога и безвозвратные потери
Размер налога и безвозвратные потери
Consider a small shop selling handmade pottery. The government imposes a small tax percentage on it, increasing its price. Consumers still purchase the ...
Распространенность налога I
Распространенность налога I
Certain goods have an inelastic demand, meaning that with the change in price, the quantity demanded changes very little. Assume the demand for rice is ...
Распространенность налога II
Распространенность налога II
Certain goods have an elastic demand, meaning the quantity demanded changes significantly in response to price changes. Luxury cars are an example of such ...
Квоты
Квоты
A quota is a regulation that sets a certain quantity of a good or service to be provided. It can either mandate a minimum production level for firms or ...
Тарифы
Тарифы
A tariff is a tax that a government imposes on imported goods. It increases the cost of imported goods, making them less competitive than domestically ...
Субсидия
Субсидия
A subsidy is a financial aid to an economic sector by the government to promote greater production of a good or service. Subsidies reduce the cost of ...
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