Biz bu çalışmada açıklanan protokollere uzman teknik yardım için Renee L. Pasker ve Harpreet K. Brar teşekkür etmek istiyorum. Ayrıca, bize zaman izin laboratuvar üyelerinin desteği ile birlikte, Wisconsin-Madison Üniversitesi Duke Üniversitesi ve Alan D. Attie, Christopher B. Newgard ve danışmanlık kabul ve optimize etmek için gerekli destek istiyoruz açıklanan protokolleri. Özellikle, verimli tartışmalar ve tavsiye için Attie Laboratuarında Hans HOHMEIER, Danhong Lu, ve Helena Winfield Newgard Laboratuvarı ve Mary Rabaglia teşekkür ederim. Bu çalışma NIH hibe DK080845 ve Çocuk Diyabet 594 tarafından desteklenen (MEK) Araştırma Vakfı hibe 17-2011-608

<ol>
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Yazarlar ifşa hiçbir şey yok.

Dünya nüfusunun% 7.7 etkileyebilecek tahmin diyabet yaygınlığı ile, yeni araştırma tekniklerinin gereksinimi hem anlamak ve diyabet 18 tedavisi zorunludur. Mevcut adacık izolasyon in vitro deney için kullanılan bir iyi kurulmuş bir protokoldür ve hafif değişiklikler 11,14,16 ile daha önce sunulmuştur. Insülin salgılanması gibi, cAMP gibi yukarı bileşenleri üzerinde odaklanarak, izole adacık için ortak bir alt bir uygulama olmakla birlikte, insülin üretimini ve sa...

Öglisemi sıkı bakım kontrolsüz tip 1 ve 2 diyabet 1 patoloji tüm özellikleridir nöropati, nefropati ve retinopati, hastalıklarının önlenmesi için zorunludur. Tip 1 ve tip 2 diyabetli hem de azaltılmış β-hücre fonksiyonu ve kütle kan glikozu konsantrasyonlarını 2 de karıştırabilir. Insülin üreten β-hücrelerinin, bozulmuş β-hücresi insülin salgılama ve çevresel insülin türü sinyal 2 diyabet yıkıcı kaybı immün aracılı tip 1 diyabet, birlikte hiperglisemi, dislipidemi ve sonunda ile sonuçlanan, artan hepatik glikoz üretimini teşvik Oysa β-hücrelerinin ayrı ayrı 3 β-hücre kütlesi ve insülin salgılama kapasitesinin kaybı. iki Tip 1 ve tip 2 diyabet ilerlemesinde temel β-hücresi mekanizmaların anlaşılması, bu hastalıkları önlemek ve tedavi etmek için yeni tedavilere yol açacaktır. Vitro ti içindeBöyle INS-1 ve MIN6 gibi ssue kültür modelleri, β-hücre hatları ölümsüzleştirdi spesifik β-hücre fonksiyonlarını anlamak için yararlı bir araç olabilir. Bununla birlikte, adacık içinde farklı hücre tipleri arasında etkileşim kendileri β-hücresi fonksiyonunu regüle olabilir. Örneğin, glukagon parakrin etkisi (α-hücrelerinden salınan) ve insülin salgılanmasını artan ve azalan somatostatin (δ-hücrelerinden salınan), sırasıyla, endokrin tepkisinin 4 hücre, hücre yakınlık önemini ortaya koymaktadır. Ayrıca, β-hücreleri arasındaki ara bağlantılar insülin 5 salınımını mümkün kılmaktadır. Adımlar daha glikoz için izole edilmiş adacık fizyolojik yanıtı çoğaltılmış insülinom çizgileri üreten yapılmıştır, ancak ayrıca, (örneğin, INS-1-türevi 832/13 ve 832/3 hücre çizgileri), glikoz yanıt yine de, normal fare farklıdır 6,7 adacıklarının. Ayrıca, bu klonal insülinoma hücre çizgilerinin tepkiglukagon benzeri peptid-1 (GLP-1), bunların agonistlere karşı birbirinden önemli ölçüde farklı, hem de normal adacık 6 olabilir. Bu nedenle, ölümsüzleştirdi hücre hatları Maddeleri cAMP üretimi üzerinde etkisi olduğu tahlil için en iyi modeli temsil olmayabilir. Insülinom-türevi hücre hatlarının tersine, bütün hayvan modellerinde, sadece β-hücresi fonksiyonu çalışmalarında komplikasyonların kendi kümesi sunar. Endokrin dokusu ile çalışan en büyük zorluklardan biri serbest hormon kesin konsantrasyonu ölçülmesidir. Özel olarak, karaciğer insülin metabolize önemli bir rol oynar ve kan akışı pankreas, karaciğer doğrudan gider. Böylece, plazma insülin ölçümü doğru pankreas kendisi veya insülin salgılanmasının 8&#39;in oranı farklı tedavilerin etkisinden salgılanan insülinin miktarda tasvir olmayabilir. Ayrıca, glukagon renal metabolizması α-adacık hücreleri 9 glukagon çıkış güvenilirliğini sınırlayabilir. Bu nedenle, in vitro deney için primer fare adacıkları izole adacık in vivo koşullarında yapılan ölçümler güzelleştirmek için belli bir uyarana yanıt nasıl daha kesin bir anlaşılmasını sağlar. Fare adacıklar izolasyonu için mevcut protokol (başarısını artırmak için yardımcı olabilir hafif değişiklikler) gruplarının bir dizi 10,11 tarafından kullanılan köklü bir protokoldür. Buna ek olarak, cAMP üretiminin belirlenmesi β-hücrelerinin iç salgı bezi yanıt doğrudan bir-okuma sağlar. CAMP ölçümü, protein içeriği ve insülin salgılanması ile bağlantılı olarak da β-hücre fonksiyonu bir kusur cAMP 10 proksimal veya distal yatıyor belirlemek için yardım, aynı cAMP numune hazırlık dan ölçülebilir. Bu protokol son cAMP içeriği ve insülin salgılanması uygulama aralarında, ilaç ve diyet bileşenlerinin etkisini anlamak için çok güçlü bir araç olabilirs, cAMP ve insülin salgılanması üzerinde. Tek başına glikozdan uyarılmaya ek olarak, diğer bileşikler, cAMP ve insülin salgılanması 10,11 değişiklikleri ölçmek için kullanılabilir. İzole adacık insülin, glukagon ve bu tür somatostatin gibi diğer hormonlar,, hem de sitokinler, eikosanoidler ve siklik adenozin monofosfat ikinci tahlil birincil hormon olmasına rağmen, son olarak, aynı zamanda geçici bir uyarma deneyi ile ya da miktarının ölçülmesi ile, ya ölçülebilir kültür ortamında 12 kendi seviyeleri. Son olarak, diğer birçok uygulamalar, alt doku adacığı transplantasyonu, PCR ya da mikro-dizi analizi, nicel gerçek zaman RNA izolasyonu, bir protein olarak, takip edilebilir, böylece dış Bu yazının kapsamı, tarif edilen kolajenaz izolasyon yöntemi ile doku adacığı izolasyonu adacık koruma sağlar, ancak Western lekeleme, adacık yerleştirmesi ve immünofloresan görüntüleme ve adacık hücresi Repli bir ölçüsü olarak, [3H]-timidin dahil edilmesi için izolasyonÖnceki JoVE makalelerinde 13-16 &#39;de tarif edilmiştir bazıları katyondur. Genel olarak, protokolde tarif adacık izolasyon prosedürü takip tedavilerin geliştirilmesi ve β-hücre fonksiyonu artırmaya yönelik ilaç keşfi teşvik için önemli ve yararlı bilgiler içeren bir araştırmacı sağlayabilir.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="502">
	<colgroup>
		<col />
		<col />
		<col />
	</colgroup>
	<tbody>
		<tr height="64">
			<td height="64" style="height:64px;width:235px;">Collagenase: Collagenase from Clostridium histolyticum suitable for isolating active islets</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">C7657</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:235px;">Ficoll 400</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>F9378</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:235px;">Hanks Balanced Salt Solution 10X</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Invitrogen (Gibco)</td>
			<td>14065-056</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:235px;">Hepes</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>H3375</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:235px;">RPMI 1640 (powder)</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Invitrogen (Gibco)</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">31800-022</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:235px;">Albumin from Bovine Serum (BSA)</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>A7888</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:235px;">3/0 Silk Suture Thread</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>18020-30</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:235px;">Dumont #5 Forceps</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td>11251-10</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:235px;">0.8 mm Forceps&#160;&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Fine Science Tools&#160;&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">11050-10</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:235px;">Curved Scissors</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Fine Science Tools&#160;&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">14061-10</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="64">
			<td height="64" style="height:64px;width:235px;">Vannas-T&#252;bingen Spring Scissors - Straight/Sharp/8.5 cm/5 mm Cutting Edge</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">15003-08</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:235px;">Dissecting Scissors</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Fine Science Tools&#160;&#160;</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">14002-14</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:235px;">5ml BD Luer-Lok Syringe</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">BD</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">309646</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:235px;">1ml BD syringe</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">BD</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">309628</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:235px;">30 G BD Needle 1/2&#34; Length</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">BD</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">305106</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:235px;">27 G BD Needle 1/2&#34; Length</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">BD</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">305109</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:235px;">Sharpening Stone</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Fine Science Tools</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">29008-01</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:235px;">2-2-2 tribromoethanol</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">T48402-25G</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:235px;">2-methyl-2-butanol</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>240486-100mL</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:235px;">Sodium Chloride (NaCl)</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>S9888</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:235px;">Potassium Chloride</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>P3911</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="47">
			<td height="47" style="height:47px;width:235px;">Monopotassium Phosphate (KH2PO4)</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">P0662</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="26">
			<td height="26" style="height:26px;width:235px;">Sodium Bicarbonate (NaCHO3)</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">S6014</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="26">
			<td height="26" style="height:26px;width:235px;">CaCl2 *2H2O</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">C3881</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="26">
			<td height="26" style="height:26px;width:235px;">MgSO4 *7H2O</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">M9397</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:235px;">Penicillin-Streptomycin</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Invitrogen (Gibco)</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">15140-122</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="43">
			<td height="43" style="height:43px;width:235px;">Heat Inactivated Fetal Bovine Serum (H.I. FBS)</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Fisher Scientific</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">SH30088.03HI</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="22">
			<td height="22" style="height:22px;width:235px;">3-Isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX)</td>
			<td style="width:131px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:136px;">5879-100MG</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

a method for mouse pancreatic islet isolation and intracellular camp determination

Kontrolsüz glisemi diabetes mellitus bir özelliğidir ve nöropati, nefropati ve retinopati gibi hastalıklarının teşvik etmektedir. Diyabet, immün-aracılı tip 1 ve obezite bağlantılı tip 2 hem de diyabet patofizyolojisi ve tedavi mekanizmalarını ortaya koymaya yönelik çalışmaların artan yaygınlığı ile kritik bir önem taşımaktadır. Langerhans pankreatik adacıkların β-hücrelerinin uygun bir şekilde, yüksek kan şekeri konsantrasyonlarına yanıt olarak insülin salgılayan sorumludur. Glikoz ve diğer besinler, β-hücrelerinin aynı zamanda belirli hormonlar tarafından uyarılır Buna ek olarak, hücre içi siklik adenozin monofosfat üretimini artırmak β-hücresi reseptörleri üzerinde bir yemek ve hareket yanıt olarak bağırsak salgılanan inkretinler, (adlandırılır cAMP). Azalmış β-hücre fonksiyonu, kütle ve iç salgı bezi yanıt tip 2 diyabet patofizyolojisi katkıda iyi anlaşılmış olup, aynı zamanda giderek wi bağlantılı ediliyorinci tip 1 diyabet. Mevcut fare adacık izolasyon ve cAMP tespit protokolü hastalığın ilerlemesini ve terapötik müdahaleler, hücre içi cAMP üretiminin modülasyonu yoluyla hareket reseptörlerini inkretindir reseptörlerinin aracılık ettiği veya ilgili olduğu özellikle teşvik mekanizmaları tanımlamak yardımcı bir araç olabilir. Sadece cAMP ölçümleri tarif edilecek olmasına rağmen, tarif edilen doku adacığı izolasyonu protokolü de glikoz insülin salgılanmasını, [3H]-timidin katılması, protein bolluğu ve mRNA ifadesi uyarılmış de dahil olmak üzere diğer pek çok alt uygulamalar için izin temiz bir hazırlık oluşturur.

Izolasyon sırasında yüksek adacık verim sağlamak için, protokolde belirtilen cerrahi teknikler yakından takip edilmelidir. Burada sunulan teknikleri her laboratuvara uygun olacak olsa da, başarılı bir izolasyona yol açacak bir kaç kritik adımlar vardır. Safra kanalı kolayca erişilebilir hale getirmek için, bu organlar farenin sağ tarafına (Şekil 1) yer değiştirebilir önerilir. Ayrıca, bu daha az ağırlık kısıtlayan genişleme olacağından pankreas direnci küçük bir miktar...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Method for Mouse Pancreatic Islet Isolation and Intracellular cAMP Determination at JoVE.com

A Method for Mouse Pancreatic Islet Isolation and Intracellular cAMP Determination

Langerhans adacıkları izole edilmiş fare kullanılarak in vitro β-hücre fonksiyonu denenmesi diyabet patofizyolojisi ve terapötik çalışmada önemli bir bileşenidir. Çok sayıda alt-uygulama mevcut olmakla birlikte, bu protokol, spesifik olarak β-hücresi fonksiyonunu belirleyen önemli bir parametre olarak hücre içi siklik adenozin monofosfat (cAMP) ölçümünü açıklamaktadır.

Fare Pankreas Adacık İzolasyonu ve hücre içi cAMP Belirlenmesi için Bir Yöntem

Uncontrolled glycemia is a hallmark of diabetes mellitus and promotes morbidities like neuropathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy. With the increasing ...

a-method-for-mouse-pancreatic-islet-isolation-intracellular-camp

Research

JoVE Journal

Biology

64.9K Görüntüleme.  University of Wisconsin-Madison.  Langerhans adacıkları izole edilmiş fare kullanılarak in vitro β-hücre fonksiyonu denenmesi diyabet patofizyolojisi ve terapötik çalışmada önemli bir bileşenidir. Çok sayıda alt-uygulama mevcut olmakla birlikte, bu protokol, spesifik olarak β-hücresi fonksiyonunu belirleyen önemli bir parametre olarak hücre içi siklik adenozin monofosfat (cAMP) ölçümünü açıklamaktadır. 

Video: A Method for Mouse Pancreatic Islet Isolation and Intracellular cAMP Determination

Murine Pancreatic Islet Isolation

Murin Pankreas Adacık İzolasyonu

Biyoloji

Human Pancreatic Islet Isolation: Part I: Digestion and Collection of Pancreatic Tissue

Management of Type 1 diabetes is burdensome, both to the individual and society, costing over 100 billion dollars annually. Despite the widespread use of glucose monitoring and new insulin formulations, many individuals still develop devastating secondary complications. Pancreatic islet transplantation can restore near normal glucose control in diabetic patients 1, without the risk of serious hypoglycemic episodes that are associated with intensive insulin therapy. Providing sufficient islet mass is important for successful islet transplantation. However, donor characteristic, organ procurement and preservation affect the isolation outcome 2. At University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC) we have developed a successful isolation protocol with an improved purification gradient 3. The program started in January 2004, and more than 300 isolations were performed up to November 2008. The pancreata were sent in cold preservation solutions (UW, University of Wisconsin or HTK, Histidine-Tryptophan Ketoglutarate) 4-7 to the Cell Isolation Laboratory at UIC for islet isolation. Pancreatic islets were isolated using the UIC method, which is a modified version of the method originally described by Ricordi et al 8. Briefly, after cleaning the pancreas from the surrounding tissue, it was perfused with enzyme solution (Serva Collagenase + Neutral Protease or Sigma V enzyme). The distended pancreas was then transferred to the Ricordi digestion chamber, connected to a modified, closed circulation tubing system, and warmed up to 37&deg;C. During the digestion, the chamber was shaken gently. Samples were taken continuously to monitor the digestion progress. Once free islets were detected under the microscope, the digestion was stopped by flushing cold (4&deg;C) RPMI dilution solution (Mediatech, Herndon, VA) into the circulation system to dilute the enzyme. After being collected and washed in M199 media supplemented with human albumin, the tissue was sampled for pre-purification count and incubated with UW solution before purification. Purification process will be described in Part II: Purification and Culture of Human Islets.

Achieving high quality and appropriate quantity of human islets is one of the prominent prerequisites for successful islet transplantation. In this video, we describe step by step the procedures for human pancreatic islet isolation (part I: digestion and collection of pancreatic tissue) using a modified automated method.

İnsan Pankreas Adacık İzolasyonu: Bölüm I: Sindirim ve Pankreas Doku Koleksiyon

Management of Type 1 diabetes is burdensome, both to the individual and society, costing over 100 billion dollars annually. Despite the widespread use of ...

Human Pancreatic Islet Isolation: Part II: Purification and Culture of Human Islets

Management of Type 1 diabetes is burdensome, both to the individual and society, costing over 100 billion dollars annually. Despite the widespread use of glucose monitoring and new insulin formulations, many individuals still develop devastating secondary complications. Pancreatic islet transplantation can restore near normal glucose control in diabetic patients 1, without the risk of serious hypoglycemic episodes that are associated with intensive insulin therapy. Providing sufficient islet mass is important for successful islet transplantation. However, donor characteristics, organ procurement and preservation affect the isolation outcome 2. At University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC) we developed a successful isolation protocol with an improved purification gradient 3. The program started in January 2004 and more than 300 isolations were performed up to November 2008. The pancreata were sent in cold preservation solutions (UW, University of Wisconsin or HTK, Histidine-Tryptophan Ketoglutarate) 4-7 to the Cell Isolation Laboratory at UIC for islet isolation. Pancreatic islets were isolated using the UIC method, which is a modified version of the method originally described by Ricordi et al 8. As described in Part I: Digestion and Collection of Pancreatic Tissue, human pancreas was trimmed, cannulated, perfused, and digested. After collection and at least 30 minutes of incubation in UW solution, the tissue was loaded in the cell separator (COBE 2991, Cobe, Lakewood, CO) for purification 3. Following purification, islet yield (expressed as islet equivalents, IEQ), tissue volume, and purity was determined according to standard methods 9. Isolated islets were cultured in CMRL-1066 media (Mediatech, Herndon, VA), supplemented with 1.5% human albumin, 0.1% insulin-transferrin-selenium (ITS), 1 ml of Ciprofloxacin, 5 ml o f 1M HEPES, and 14.5 ml of 7.5% Sodium Bicarbonate in T175 flasks at 37&deg;C overnight culture before islets were transplanted or used for research.

Achieving high quality and appropriate quantity of human islets is one of the prominent prerequisites for successful islet transplantation. In this video, we describe step by step the procedures for human pancreatic islet isolation (part II: purification and culture of human islets) using a modified automated method.

İnsan Pankreas Adacık İzolasyonu: Bölüm II: İnsan Islets saflaştırılması ve Kültür

Computer-assisted Large-scale Visualization and Quantification of Pancreatic Islet Mass, Size Distribution and Architecture

The pancreatic islet is a unique micro-organ composed of several hormone secreting endocrine cells such as beta-cells (insulin), alpha-cells (glucagon), and delta-cells (somatostatin) that are embedded in the exocrine tissues and comprise 1-2% of the entire pancreas. There is a close correlation between body and pancreas weight. Total beta-cell mass also increases proportionately to compensate for the demand for insulin in the body. What escapes this proportionate expansion is the size distribution of islets. Large animals such as humans share similar islet size distributions with mice, suggesting that this micro-organ has a certain size limit to be functional. The inability of large animal pancreata to generate proportionately larger islets is compensated for by an increase in the number of islets and by an increase in the proportion of larger islets in their overall islet size distribution. Furthermore, islets exhibit a striking plasticity in cellular composition and architecture among different species and also within the same species under various pathophysiological conditions. In the present study, we describe novel approaches for the analysis of biological image data in order to facilitate the automation of analytic processes, which allow for the analysis of large and heterogeneous data collections in the study of such dynamic biological processes and complex structures. Such studies have been hampered due to technical difficulties of unbiased sampling and generating large-scale data sets to precisely capture the complexity of biological processes of islet biology. Here we show methods to collect unbiased "representative" data within the limited availability of samples (or to minimize the sample collection) and the standard experimental settings, and to precisely analyze the complex three-dimensional structure of the islet. Computer-assisted automation allows for the collection and analysis of large-scale data sets and also assures unbiased interpretation of the data. Furthermore, the precise quantification of islet size distribution and spatial coordinates (i.e. X, Y, Z-positions) not only leads to an accurate visualization of pancreatic islet structure and composition, but also allows us to identify patterns during development and adaptation to altering conditions through mathematical modeling. The methods developed in this study are applicable to studies of many other systems and organisms as well.

Novel computer-assisted methods of large-scale procurement and analysis of immunohistochemically stained pancreatic specimens are described: (1) Virtual Slice capture of the entire section; (2) Mass analysis of large-scale data; (3) Reconstruction of 2D Virtual Slices; (4) 3D islet mapping; and (5) Mathematical analysis.

Bilgisayar destekli Büyük ölçekli Görselleştirme ve Pankreas Adacık Kütle, Boyut Dağılımı ve Mimarlık Niceleme

The pancreatic islet is a unique micro-organ composed of several hormone secreting endocrine cells such as beta-cells (insulin), alpha-cells (glucagon), ...

Mouse Islet of Langerhans Isolation using a Combination of Purified Collagenase and Neutral Protease

The interrogation of beta cell gene expression and function in vitro has squarely shifted over the years from the study of rodent tumorigenic cell lines to the study of isolated rodent islets. Primary islets offer the distinct advantage that they more faithfully reflect the biology of intracellular signaling pathways and secretory responses. Whereas the method of islet isolation using tissue dissociating enzyme (TDE) preparations has been well established in many laboratories1-4, variations in the consistency of islet yield and quality from any given rodent strain limit the extent and feasibility of primary islet studies. These variations often occur as a result of the crude partially purified TDEs used in the islet isolation procedure; TDEs frequently exhibit lot-to-lot variations in activity and often require adjustments to the dose of enzyme used. A small number of reports have used purified TDEs for rodent cell isolations5, 6, but the practice is not widespread despite the routine use and advantages of purified TDEs for human islet isolations. In collaboration with VitaCyte, LLC (Indianapolis, IN), we developed a modified mouse islet isolation protocol based on that described by Gotoh7, 8, in which the TDEs are perfused directly into the pancreatic duct of mice, followed by crude tissue fractionation through a Histopaque gradient9, and isolation of purified islets. A significant difference in our protocol is the use of purified collagenase (CIzyme MA) and neutral protease (CIzyme BP) combination. The collagenase was characterized by the use of a6 fluorescence collagen degrading activity (CDA) assay that utilized fluorescently labeled soluble calf skin fibrils as substrate6. This substrate is more predictive of the kinetics of collagen degradation in the tissue matrix because it relies on native collagen as the substrate. The protease was characterized with a sensitive fluorescent kinetic assay10. Utilizing these improved assays along with more traditional biochemical analysis enable the TDE to be manufactured more consistently, leading to improved performance consistency between lots. The protocol described in here was optimized for maximal islet yield and optimal islet morphology using C57BL/6 mice. During the development of this protocol, several combinations of collagenase and neutral proteases were evaluated at different concentrations, and the final ratio of collagenase:neutral protease of 35:10 represents enzyme performance comparable to Sigma Type XI. Because significant variability in average islet yields from different strains of rats and mice have been reported, additional modifications of the TDE composition should be made to improve the yield and quality of islets recovered from different species and strains.

A detailed description of mouse islet isolation is described using the technique of in situ pancreatic ductal cannulation and perfusion of a combination of purified collagenase and neutral protease.

Langerhans İzolasyonu Fare Islet Saflaştırılmış Collagenase ve Nötr Proteaz bir kombinasyonu kullanılarak

The interrogation of beta cell gene expression and function in vitro has squarely shifted over the years from the study of rodent tumorigenic cell lines ...

Isolation and Culture of Mouse Primary Pancreatic Acinar Cells

This protocol permits rapid isolation (in less than 1 hr) of murine pancreatic acini, making it possible to maintain them in culture for more than one week. More than 20 x 106 acinar cells can be obtained from a single murine pancreas. This protocol offers the possibility to independently process as many as 10 pancreases in parallel. Because it preserves acinar architecture, this model is well suited for studying the physiology of the exocrine pancreas in vitro in contrast to cell lines established from pancreatic tumors, which display many genetic alterations resulting in partial or total loss of their acinar differentiation.

In this publication, we describe a rapid and convenient procedure for isolating and culturing primary pancreatic acinar cells from the murine pancreas. This method constitutes a valuable approach to study the physiology of fresh primary normal/untransformed exocrine pancreatic cells.

Fare Primer Pankreas Asiner Hücreleri İzolasyon ve Kültür

This protocol permits rapid isolation (in less than 1 hr) of murine pancreatic acini, making it possible to maintain them in culture for more than one ...

Near Infrared (NIr) Light Increases Expression of a Marker of Mitochondrial Function in the Mouse Vestibular Sensory Epithelium

Strategies for attenuating decline in balance function with increasing age are predominantly focused on physical therapies including balance tasks and exercise. However, these approaches do not address the underlying causes of balance decline. Using mice, the impact of near infrared light (NIr) on the metabolism of cells in the vestibular sensory epithelium was assessed. Data collected shows that this simple and safe intervention may protect these vulnerable cells from the deleterious effects of natural aging. mRNA was extracted from the isolated peripheral vestibular sensory epithelium (crista ampullaris and utricular macula) and subsequently transcribed into a cDNA library. This library was then probed for the expression of ubiquitous antioxidant (SOD-1). Antioxidant gene expression was then used to quantify cellular metabolism. Using transcranial delivery of NIr in young (4 weeks) and older (8 - 9 months) mice, and a brief treatment regime (90 sec/day for 5 days), this work suggests NIr alone may be sufficient to improve mitochondrial function in the vestibular sensory epithelium. Since there are currently no available, affordable, non-invasive methods of therapy to improve vestibular hair cell function, the application of external NIr radiation provides a potential strategy to counteract the impact of aging on cellular metabolism inthe vestibular sensory epithelium.

Near Infrared NIr Light Increases Expression of a Marker of Mitochondrial Function in the Mouse Vestibular Sensory Epithelium

Mitochondrial dysfunction is a hallmark of cellular senescence. This paper uses non-invasive near-infrared (NIr) treatment to improve mitochondrial function in the aging mouse vestibular sensory epithelium.

Yakın Kızılötesi (NIR) Işık Fare Vestibüler Duyu Epitelinin Mitokondriyal Fonksiyonun bir Marker Anlatım artırır

Strategies for attenuating decline in balance function with increasing age are predominantly focused on physical therapies including balance tasks and ...

A Simple High Efficiency Protocol for Pancreatic Islet Isolation from Mice

Pancreatic islets, also called the Islets of Langerhans, are a cluster of endocrine cells which produces hormones for glucose regulation and other important biological functions. The islets primarily consist of five types of hormone-secreting cells: &#945; cells secrete glucagon, &#946; cells secrete insulin, &#948; cells secrete somatostatin, &#949; cells secrete ghrelin, and PP cells secrete pancreatic polypeptide. Sixty to 80% of the cells in the islets are &#946; cells, which are the most important cell population to study insulin secretion. Pancreatic islets are a crucial model system to study ex vivo insulin secretion. Acquiring high quality islets is of great importance for diabetes research. Most islet isolation procedures require technically difficult to access site of collagenase injection, harsh and complex digestion procedures, and multiple density gradient purification steps. This paper features a simple high yield mouse islet isolation method with detailed descriptions and realistic demonstrations, showing the following specific steps: 1) injection of collagenase P at the ampulla of Vater, a small area joining the pancreatic duct and the common bile duct, 2) enzymatic digestion and mechanical separation of the exocrine pancreas, and 3) a single gradient purification step. The advantages of this method are the injection of digestive enzyme using the more accessible ampulla of Vater, more complete digestion using combination of enzymatic and mechanical approaches, and a simpler single gradient purification step. This protocol produces approximately 250&#8212;350 islets per mouse; and islets are suitable for various ex vivo studies. Possible caveats of this procedure are potentially damaged islets due to enzymatic digestion and/or prolonged gradient incubation, all of which can be largely avoided by careful ad justification of incubation time.

This islet isolation protocol described a novel route of collagenase injection to digest the exocrine tissue and a simplified gradient procedure to purify the islets from mice. It involves enzymatic digestion, gradient separation/purification, and islet hand-picking. Successful isolation can yield 250&#8211;350 high quality and fully functional islets per mouse.

Farelerden Pankreas Adacık İzolasyon için Basit Bir Yüksek Verimlilik Protokolü

Pancreatic islets, also called the Islets of Langerhans, are a cluster of endocrine cells which produces hormones for glucose regulation and other ...

A Method for Islet Transplantation to the Omentum in Mouse

Islet transplantation has been proposed to be a potential treatment for type 1 diabetes. Recent compelling evidence indicates that intravascular islet infusion is far from ideal and therefore, the omentum is re-emerging as a potentially valuable site for islet transplantation. This experiment requires the isolation of high quality islets and the implantation of the islets to the diabetic recipients. Transplantation to the omentum requires surgical steps that can be better demonstrated visually. Here, the detailed steps for this procedure are presented. Two methods of mixing the isolated islets with hydrogel before placing the mixture into the omental pouch of diabetic mice are described here. Different hydrogels are used for the different conditions. Blood glucose levels of diabetic mouse recipients of syngeneic islets in the omentum were monitored for up to 35 days. Some animals were sacrificed after 14 days to perform immuno-histochemical analysis. This pre-clinical transplantation approach can be used as preliminary data leading up to translation to clinical transplantation.

A method for the omental transplantation of islets in a mouse is introduced. The isolated islets are mixed with hydrogel and the mixture is placed into the omental pouch of a diabetic mouse. Then, the blood glucose is monitored, and immuno-histochemical analysis is performed.

Adacık nakli için Mouse omentumun için bir yöntemi

Islet transplantation has been proposed to be a potential treatment for type 1 diabetes. Recent compelling evidence indicates that intravascular islet ...

Pancreatic Islet Embedding for Paraffin Sections

Experiments using isolated pancreatic islets are important for diabetes research, but islets are expensive and of limited abundance. Islets contain a mixed cell population in a structured architecture that impacts function, and human islets are widely variable in cell type composition. Current frequently used methods to study cultured islets include molecular studies performed on whole islets, lumping disparate islet cell types together, or microscopy or molecular studies on dispersed islet cells, disrupting islet architecture. For in vivo islet studies, paraffin-embedded pancreas sectioning is a powerful technique to assess cell-specific outcomes in the native pancreatic environment. Studying post-culture islets by paraffin sectioning would offer several advantages: detection of multiple outcomes on the same islets (potentially even the exact-same islets, using serial sections), cell-type-specific measurements, and maintaining native islet cell-cell and cell-substratum interactions both during experimental exposure and for analysis. However, existing techniques for embedding isolated islets post-culture are inefficient, time consuming, prone to loss of material, and generally produce sections with inadequate islet numbers to be useful for quantifying outcomes. Clinical pathology laboratory cell block preparation facilities are inaccessible and impractical for basic research laboratories. We have developed an improved, simplified bench-top method that generates sections with robust yield and distribution of islets. Fixed islets are resuspended in warm histological agarose gel and pipetted into a flat disc on a standard glass slide, such that the islets are distributed in a plane. After standard dehydration and embedding, multiple (10+) 4 - 5 &#181;m sections can be cut from the same islet block. Using this method, histological&#160;and immunofluorescent analyses can be performed on mouse, rat, and human islets. This is an effective, inexpensive, time-saving approach to assess cell-type-specific, intact-architecture outcomes from cultured islets.

Ex vivo pancreatic islet studies are important for diabetes research. Existing techniques to study cultured islets in their native 3-dimensional architecture are time consuming, inefficient, and infrequently used. This work describes a new, simple, and efficient method for generating high-quality paraffin sections of whole cultured islets.

Pankreas adacık parafin kesitler için katıştırma

Experiments using isolated pancreatic islets are important for diabetes research, but islets are expensive and of limited abundance. Islets contain a ...