Bu çalışma Nörolojik Bozukluklar ve İnme (NIH / NINDS) MGC R01-NS074387, R01-R21-NS057711 ve NS091555 hibe ve / Ulusal Enstitüsü Ulusal Sağlık Enstitüleri tarafından desteklenen; NIH / NINDS PRL için R01-NS061107, R01-NS076991, R01-R21-NS082311 ve NS084275 verir; Leah Mutlu Kalpler gelen hibeler, MGC ve PRL layık Michigan Kapsamlı Kanser Merkezi&#39;nde Üniversitesi; Nöroşirürji Tıp Michigan Okulu Üniversitesi Anabilim Dalı; NIH hibe 2UL1-TR000433 tarafından desteklenen Klinik Michigan Enstitüsü ve Sağlık Araştırması; NIH / NCI (National Cancer Institute) hibe T32-CA009676 tarafından desteklenen Michigan Üniversitesi Kanser Biyolojisi Eğitim Hibe; NIH / NINDS tarafından desteklenen Klinik ve Temel Nörobilim Michigan Eğitim Üniversite T32-NS007222 hibe; ve NIH / NIGMS (Genel Tıp Bilimleri Ulusal Enstitüsü) tarafından desteklenen Michigan Tıp Bilim Adamı Yetiştirme Programı Üniversite T32-GM007863 hibe. YazarlarDr Karin Muraszko ve Nöroşirürji Anabilim alınan akademik liderlik ve destek için müteşekkir yeniden; M. Dahlgren, D. Tomford ve mükemmel idari destek S. Napolitan için; üstün teknik yardım için, M. Dzaman için; ve bir Zeiss 3D Taramalı Elektron Mikroskobu satın alma yönünde cömert destek için Phil F. Jenkins için. Biz de beyin mononükleer hücrelerin izolasyonu için yoğunluk santrifüj medya aracılı stratejinin değiştirilmiş bir versiyonu çizilmiş olan Harvard Tıp Okulu&#39;nda Kuchroo laboratuvar kabul etmiş sayılırsınız.

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Yazarlar ifşa hiçbir şey yok.

Bu protokol, erken fare beyin tümör mikro sızmış PBMC izole edilmesi ve akış sitometrik analiz için sağlam ve tekrarlanabilir bir yöntem tarif eder. Glioma hücre süspansiyonları stereotaksi fare beyninin striatumu içine aşılanan deneye ile belirtilen bir konsantrasyonda oluşturulur. Fareler daha sonra deney tasarımı ile belirtilmiş önceden belirlenmiş zaman noktalarında itlaf edilmiş ve beyinleri hasat edildi ve florokrom-eşlenik birincil antikor kombinasyonları ile immunolabeled edilir glioma ...

Gliomalar, merkezi sinir sistemi (CNS) dönüştürülmüş glia kaynaklanan nöroepitelyal Beyin kanserlerinin sınıfıdır. Tüm Gliomaların, Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (WHO) Evre IV glioma veya glioblastoma (GBM), en yaygın ve 1 ölümcül olanıdır. GBM temozolomidin 2 ile radyasyon artı eşzamanlı ve adjuvan kemoterapi takiben ölçüde mümkün tümör rezeksiyonu oluşan mevcut standart-bakım son derece dirençli olduğunu. Bu ölümcül kanserler 5 yıl sonra 3 hastalık hayatta kalan hastaların sadece% 5 ile ilk tanı anında hayatta kalma, sadece 15-18 ay kasvetli prognoz taşır. Kan-beyin bariyeri (BBB) ​​varlığı, profesyonel antijen sunan hücreler eksikliği (APC&#39;ler) ve beyin 4 içindeki niyetli lenf yapılarının daha önce tanımlanmamış varlığı ayrıcalıklı immün GBM kavramına yol açmıştır. Ancak, çok sayıda çalışmalar artık shobu beyin kanserleri gerçekten de, monositler, makrofajlar, ve miyeloid türevi bastırıcı hücreler (MDSCs) 5 içerir kökenli ağırlıklı miyeloid periferal bağışıklık hücrelerinin alınmasını doğurmak bu w. GBM de 6,7 yanlısı tümörijenik olmak için beyin ikamet mikroglia aktivitesini etkilemektedir. Örneğin CD8 + T hücrelerinin CD56 + 8 ve doğal öldürücü hücrelerin 9 lenfatik hücreler de tümörün mikro-ortamı içinde mevcut olan, ancak çok daha az sayıda, düşünülen bir gerçektir (nedeniyle tümör bağlantılı makrofajlar üzerinde glioma türetilmiş faktör tarafından teşvik bağışıklık işlevine olduğu TAM) 10. CD4 + T hücreleri GBM de mevcut, ancak bu nüfusun çok da CD25 ve Foxp3, immünosupresif T regülatör (T reg) hücrelerinin 11 yapımcıları ifade eder. GBM genel bağışıklık durumu immünolojik kaçış ve tümör ilerlemesi 12. promosyon sona eriyor. <p class= &quot;jove_content&quot;&gt; GBM immunsupresyonun mekanizmaların daha iyi anlaşılması tümöre karşı bağışıklık sistemini uyarmak için tasarlanmış etkili immunoterapötik stratejilerin geliştirilmesi için kritik öneme sahiptir. Son 15 yılda bizim laboratuvar etkili yeni bir anti-GBM immünoterapötiklerin 13-19 geliştirmek için beyin tümörü immunosuppresson mekanizmalarını aşmak için çalıştı. Bu eserin doruk noktası artık yeni teşhis GBM (: NCT01811992 ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier) ​​olan hastalar için kombine sitotoksik ve bağışıklık uyarıcı terapötik değerlendirmek için tasarlanmış bir klinik çalışmaya yol açmıştır. En son çalışmalar, fare ve sıçan CNS GL26-1 GBM hücreleri β-galaktozid bağlayıcı lektin galektin-1 (gal-1), 20, büyük miktarlarda üretilmesi anti-tümör NK hücre immün gözetim bloke olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu shRNA aracılı gen demonte kullanılarak glioma hücreleri gal-1 ekspresyonunu bastırmak ile gösterilmiştir. İn vitro experiments gal-1 eksikliği glioma hücreleri kültürde normal çoğaldı gösterdi, ancak genetik olarak özdeş C57BL / 6J veya RAG1 içine intrakranial engraftment kısa bir süre sonra hızlı ret uygulandı - / - farelerin, böylece bu formda T veya B hücrelerinin bağımsızlığını kuran tümör rejeksiyon. Anti asiolo GM 1, anti-serum veya gal-1-eksikliği olan glioma reddi NK hücrelerinin rolünün oluşturulması intrakraniyal gal-1-eksikliği olan glioma büyümesinin komple restorasyonuna yol açan monoklonal NK1.1 antikorları ile NK hücre bağışıklık sistemine. Şimdi Gr-1 + / CD11b + miyeloid hücrelerin bu bağışıklık sistemindeki durumu göstermektedir, böylece, NK-aracılı gal yardımında miyeloid hücreleri için bir vazgeçilmez yardımcı bir rol ortaya NK hücrelerin varlığına rağmen gal-1-eksikliği olan gliom reddini önlemek için yeterli olan -1 eksik tümör lizis (yayınlanmamış veriler). Bu beklenmedik sonuç, periferik kan mononükleer hücrelerin izolasyonu ve analiz (PBMC) için kapsamlı bir protokol geliştirmek için yol olduğudaha iyi gal-1 eksik glioma reddini yüklem bağışıklık sızma olayları karakterize böylece yakında intrakranial engraftment sonra beyin tümörü mikro sızmak. Yöntem, GL26-Cit olarak adlandırılan bir şekilde eksprese mCitrine floresan protein, floresan mikroskobu 21 doğrudan tümör hücresi görüntülenmesine izin vereceği şekilde bir fare GL26 glioma hücreleri kullanılarak burada gösterilmiştir. Bu hücreler stereotaksi singeneik C57BL / 6J fareler, beyin içine aşılanan ve önceki fare ötenaziye 24, 48 ya da 72 saat boyunca büyümeye bırakılmıştır. Glioma nüfuz eden PBMC&#39;ler daha sonra anti -CD45 kullanılarak izole edilir ve imüno-edilir, -Gr-1, -CD11b ve granzim B hücre içi immunolabeling birlikte -NK1.1 hücre yüzeyi antikorlar (GzmB). Antikorların Bu özel bileşimi Bu var b tümör-süzücü Gr-1 + / CD11b + miyeloid hücrelerin tanımlanması ve NK1.1 +, NK hücreleri, hücre tipleri için izin verireen gal-1 eksikliği tümör reddi karışmış. Gal-1-eksikliği olan GL26-Cit glioma bağışıklık infiltrasyonu profili, GL26-Cit-gal1i olarak anılacaktır, daha sonra, bir non-içeren gal-1 GL26-Cit-NT adı normal seviyelerini sentezleyen gliomlar ile karşılaştırılır Kontrol ShRNA hairpin hedefleme. Protokol ortotopikal singeneik C57BL / 6J fareler striatumu içine, bu hücrelerin sokmak için nasıl bir açıklama takip eder, in vitro olarak nasıl Kültür GL26-Cit glioma hücreleri üzerinde bir açıklama ile başlar. Daha sonra izolasyon ve akım sitometri analizi için glioma-infiltre PBMC&#39;lerin immunolabeling ilgili adımları saymaya devam eder. Protokol standart veri analizi ve grafik gösterimi bir açıklama ile sona eriyor. Gösteri ortaya koymaktadır hem Gr-1 + / CD11b + miyeloid hücreleri ve NK1.1 + NK hücreleri tercihen 48 içinde gal-1 eksikliği beyin tümörü mikroçevresinin içinde birikirTümör implantasyonu, bu tümörler hızla tam tümör lizis yaklaşık 1 hafta sonrası tümör melezleme 20 geçmesi açıklamaya yardımcı olan bir sonucun hr. Yöntem, beyin içine bağışıklık infiltrasyonu üzerine geçici veri gerekli olduğu in vivo olarak farklı deney tasarımları bir dizi için de uyarlanabilir. Tek bir Deneyciler analiz edilecek numune sayısına bağlı olarak yaklaşık 4-6 saat içinde, glioma süzücü PBMC akım sitometrik beyin hasat protokolü gerçekleştirebilir. Yöntem aynı zamanda, özellikle tümör mikro-ortamı tarafından uyarılan bağışıklık bastırma fenotipleri tespit etmek, böylece beyin sızmaya olanlar ile karşılaştırıldığında tümör taşıyan farelerdeki PBMC&#39;ler dolaşan profilini karakterize etmek için amaçlanmıştır deneyler ile kombine edilebilir. Bu ve benzeri yöntemlerin uygulanması beyin tümörü mikroçevresinin içine periferik bağışıklık hücrelerinin kaçakçılığıyla faktörlerin daha iyi anlaşılmasını kolaylaştıracaktır.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Dulbecco&#8217;s Modification of Eagles Medium</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>12430-054</td>
			<td>with 4.5g/L D-glucose, L-glutamine, 25mM HEPES and phenol red&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dulbecco&#8217;s Phosphate-buffered Saline&#160;</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>14190-144&#160;</td>
			<td>without calcium chloride or Magnesium chloride</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Fetal bovine serum</td>
			<td>Omega Scientific Inc.</td>
			<td>FB-11</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Penicillin Streptomycin&#160;</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>15140-122</td>
			<td>10,000U/ml Penicillin; 10,000&#956;g/ml Streptomycin&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>L-glutamine</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>25030-081</td>
			<td>200mM</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>G418 sulfate&#160;</td>
			<td>Omega Scientific Inc.</td>
			<td>GN-04</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Puromycin dihydrochloride&#160;&#160;</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>P8833</td>
			<td>from Streptomyces alboniger</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>HyClone HyQTase non-mammalian trypsin alternative&#160;</td>
			<td>Thermo Scientific</td>
			<td>SV30030.01</td>
			<td>in DPBS with EDTA&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Phase contrast hemocytometer</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>Z359629</td>
			<td>0.1mm deep</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Trypan blue stain</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>15250-061</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sterile 0.9% NaCl injection, USP</td>
			<td>Hospira</td>
			<td>NDC: 0409-4888</td>
			<td>10ml vials</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>0.6ml conical polypropylenemi microtubes</td>
			<td>Genesee Scientific</td>
			<td>22-272</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Atipamezole hydrochloride injection</td>
			<td>Orion Pharma</td>
			<td>NDC: 52483-6298</td>
			<td>5mg/ml solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ketamine hydrochloride injection</td>
			<td>Fort Dodge</td>
			<td>NDC: 0409-2051</td>
			<td>100mg/ml solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dexmedetomidine hydrochloride injection</td>
			<td>Zoetis</td>
			<td>NDC: 54771-2805</td>
			<td>0.5mg/ml solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Xylazine hydrochloride injection</td>
			<td>Lloyd</td>
			<td>NDC: 61311-481</td>
			<td>100mg/ml solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Carprofen injection</td>
			<td>Pfizer</td>
			<td>NDC: 61106-8501</td>
			<td>50mg/ml solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Buprenorphine hydrochloride injection</td>
			<td>Reckitt Benckiser</td>
			<td>NDC: 12496-0757</td>
			<td>0.3mg/ml ampuls</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>1ml tuberculin syringes&#160;</td>
			<td>Covidien</td>
			<td>8881501400</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>26G x &#189; (0.45mm x 13mm) syringe needles&#160;</td>
			<td>BD</td>
			<td>305111</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Surgical clippers</td>
			<td>3M</td>
			<td>9661</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Providone-iodine solution</td>
			<td>Aplicare</td>
			<td>82-217</td>
			<td>NDC: 52380-1905</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sterile petrolatum ophthalmic ointment&#160;</td>
			<td>Dechra</td>
			<td>NDC: 17033-211</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>70% isopropyl alcohol prep pads</td>
			<td>Kendall</td>
			<td>6818</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sterile gauze</td>
			<td>Covidien</td>
			<td>8044</td>
			<td>non-woven, 4&#34; x 4&#34;, 4-ply&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>1.7ml conical polypropylene microtubes</td>
			<td>Genesee Scientific</td>
			<td>22-281</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Mouse stereotactic frame</td>
			<td>Stoelting</td>
			<td>51730</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Surgical lamp</td>
			<td>Philips Burton</td>
			<td>CS316W</td>
			<td>Coolspot II Variable Spotlight</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Curved dissecting forceps</td>
			<td>Ted Pella Inc.</td>
			<td>5431</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Colibri retractors&#160;</td>
			<td>FST</td>
			<td>17000-03</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cordless precision power drill</td>
			<td>Dremel&#160;</td>
			<td>1100-01</td>
			<td>Stylus model; 7.2-Volt Lithium-Ion with Docking Station</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Engraving Cutter</td>
			<td>Dremel</td>
			<td>105</td>
			<td>1/32&#34; or 0.8 mm bit diameter</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Microliter syringe</td>
			<td>Hamilton</td>
			<td>75</td>
			<td>Hamilton Microliter&#174; Syringes 700 series; 5&#956;l volume</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Microliter syringe needles</td>
			<td>Hamilton</td>
			<td>7762-06</td>
			<td>33G, small hub RN NDL, 1.5 in, point style 3, 6/PK</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Ethilon 3-0 black monofilament nylon sutures&#160;</td>
			<td>Ethicon</td>
			<td>1663</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Magnetic stir bar</td>
			<td>VWR</td>
			<td>74950-296</td>
			<td>7.9mm diameter x 50mm length (5/16&#34; diameter x 2&#34; length)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>1L glass screw-cap storage bottle</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
			<td>1395</td>
			<td>Type 1, Class A borosilicate glass</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Heparin sodium&#160;</td>
			<td>Sagent</td>
			<td>NDC: 25021-400</td>
			<td>1,000U/ml solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Peristaltic pump</td>
			<td>Cole Parmer Instruments Group</td>
			<td>77200-60</td>
			<td>Master Flex Easy Load II console drive</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>compressed carbogen (95% O2 / 5% CO2)</td>
			<td>available from local vendor</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td>A-type, large cylinder&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>20G x 1 &#189;&#34; aluminum hub blunt needles</td>
			<td>Kendall</td>
			<td>8881202363</td>
			<td>0.9mm x 38.1mm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Polyurethane ice bucket</td>
			<td>Fisherbrand</td>
			<td>02-591-45</td>
			<td>Capacity: 0.152 oz. (4.5L)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Collagenase (Type I-S)</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>C1639</td>
			<td>from Clostridium histolyticum&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Deoxyribonuclease I</td>
			<td>Worthington Biochemical Corp.</td>
			<td>LS002007</td>
			<td>&#62;2,000 Kunitz units per mg dry weight</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Antistatic polystyrene hexagonal weighing dishes</td>
			<td>Ted Pella Inc.</td>
			<td>20157-3</td>
			<td>top I.D. 115mm, base I.D. 85mm, 203ml volume&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Stainless steel single edged razor blades&#160;</td>
			<td>Garvey</td>
			<td>40475</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Bone rongeurs</td>
			<td>FST</td>
			<td>16001-15</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Hemostat</td>
			<td>FST</td>
			<td>13014-14</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Large dissection scissors</td>
			<td>Ted Pella Inc.</td>
			<td>1316</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Small dissection scissors</td>
			<td>FST</td>
			<td>14094-11</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Blunt end forceps</td>
			<td>Ted Pella Inc.</td>
			<td>13250</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>7ml glass Dounce tissue grinder</td>
			<td>Kontes</td>
			<td>KT885300-0007</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Percoll Density Centrifugation Media&#160;</td>
			<td>GE Healthcare</td>
			<td>GE17-0891-01</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>10 mL serological pipettes</td>
			<td>Genesee Scientific</td>
			<td>12-104</td>
			<td>single use; sterile</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>70&#956;m sterile nylon mesh cell strainers&#160;</td>
			<td>Fisherbrand</td>
			<td>22363548</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Alexa Fluor 700-conjugated rat anti-mouse CD45 (clone: 30-F11)</td>
			<td>Biolegend</td>
			<td>103128</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>APC-conjugated mouse anti-mouse NK1.1 (clone: PK136)</td>
			<td>eBiosciences&#160;</td>
			<td>17-5941-82</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PE-conjugated rat anti-mouse Gr-1 (clone:RB6-8C5)</td>
			<td>BD Pharmigen</td>
			<td>553128</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PerCP/Cy5.5-conjugated rat anti-mouse CD11b (clone: M1/70)&#160;</td>
			<td>Biolegend</td>
			<td>101228</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Alexa Fluor 700-conjugated rat IgG2b, &#954; (clone: RTK4530) isotype control&#160;</td>
			<td>Biolegend</td>
			<td>400628</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>APC-conjugated mouse IgG2a, &#954; (clone: eBM2a) isotype control&#160;</td>
			<td>eBioscience</td>
			<td>17-4724</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PE-conjugated rat IgG2b, &#954; (clone: eB149/10H5) isotype control&#160;</td>
			<td>eBioscience</td>
			<td>12-4031-82</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PerCP/Cy5.5-conjugated rat IgG2b, &#954; (clone: RTK4530) isotype control</td>
			<td>Biolegend</td>
			<td>400632</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pacific Blue-conjugated mouse anti-mouse granzyme B (Clone: GB11)&#160;</td>
			<td>Biolegend</td>
			<td>515403</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pacific Blue-conjugated mouse IgG1, &#954; (Clone: MOPC-21) isotype control&#160;</td>
			<td>Biolegend</td>
			<td>400151</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cytofix/Cytoperm</td>
			<td>BD</td>
			<td>554714</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>15ml polypropylene centrifuge tubes</td>
			<td>Genesee Scientific</td>
			<td>21-103</td>
			<td>conical bottom&#160;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>50ml polypropylene centrifuge tubes</td>
			<td>Genesee Scientific</td>
			<td>21-108</td>
			<td>conical bottom</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>12x75mm round-bottom polypropylene FACS tubes&#160;</td>
			<td>Fisherbrand</td>
			<td>14-956-1B</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>FACSAria Special Order Research Product flow cytometer/cell sorter</td>
			<td>BD&#160;</td>
			<td>650033</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Class II Biological Safety Cabinet</td>
			<td>The Baker Company</td>
			<td>SG603</td>
			<td>model: SterilGARD III Advance</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

isolation and flow cytometric analysis of glioma-infiltrating peripheral blood mononuclear cells

Laboratuvar son doğal katil (NK) hücreler, kanser hücrelerinin β-galaktozid bağlayıcı lektin galektin salgılamasında eksiklik kılınmış halinde intrakranial engraftment sonra merkezi sinir sistemi 1 malign gliomalar yakında ortotopikal implante fare ve sıçanı GL26 yok etme kapasitesine sahip olduğunu kanıtlamaktadır -1 (gal-1). Daha yeni iş artık Gr-1 + / CD11b + miyeloid hücrelerin bir popülasyonu bu yönde önemli olduğunu göstermektedir. Daha NK ve miyeloid hücrelerin, izolasyon ve glioma infiltre periferal kan tek-çekirdekli hücreleri (PBMC) analizi için geniş kapsamlı bir protokol geliştirilmiştir gal-1-eksikliği olan tümör reddinin kazandırmak için ortak olarak kullanmaktadırlar mekanizmalarının anlaşılması. Yöntem tümörün mikro içine PBMC sızmasını karşılaştırarak burada gösterilmiştir ShRNA demonte aracılığıyla gal-1 eksikliği hale olanlarla GL26 gliomalarda gal-1 ifade. Protokol bir bilgi ile başlar nasıl kültürü ve GL26 ce hazırlamaksingeneik C57BL / 6J fare beyin aşılama için lls. Daha sonra erken beyin tümörü mikroçevresinin gelen glioma-infiltre PBMC&#39;lerin izolasyon ve akım sitometri analizi yer alan adımları açıklar. Yöntem, beyin içine bağışıklık infiltrasyonu üzerine geçici veri gerekli olduğu in vivo deney tasarımları bir dizi uyarlanabilir. Glioma süzücü PBMC&#39;ler bağımsız deneyler boyunca zaman noktası eşleşen tümörlerden gözlenen benzer hücre sayısı ile 24 saat sonrası tümör melezleme olan en kısa sürede, kafatası tümörlerinden izole edilebilir bir yöntem, hassas ve yüksek ölçüde tekrarlanabilir. Tek bir Deneyciler analiz edilecek numune sayısına bağlı olarak yaklaşık 4-6 saat içinde, glioma süzücü PBMC akım sitometrik beyin hasat yöntemi gerçekleştirebilir. Alternatif glioma modeller ve / veya hücre spesifik saptama antikorları ayrıca birçok Immun süzülmesini değerlendirmek için deneysel çalışan takdirine kullanılabilirGenel prosedüre değişiklikler gerektirmeden ilgi e hücre tipleri.

Aşağıdaki yolluk strateji tipik bir deney için kullanılır: FSC-A SSC-A vs → SSC-H vs SSC-W → FSC-H FSC-W → CD45 vs vs sayım → Gr-1 vs CD11b → saymak vs NK1.1. Kapıları daha sonra GzmB ekspresyonu (Şekil 5A) göre tabakalı Gr-1 + / CD11b + miyeloid hücreleri ve NK1.1 + NK hücreleri yerleştirilir. NK1.1 + NK hücreleri ve Gr-1 + / CD11 b SSC-A NK hücrelerinin küçük lenfoid ve miyeloid hücreler boyutu nispeten büyük boyut...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Isolation and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Glioma-infiltrating Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells at JoVE.com

Isolation and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Glioma-infiltrating Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells

Erken beyin tümörü mikro giren bağışıklık hücrelerinin sayısının ve aktivasyon durumu ile ilgili zamana bağlı nicel verileri verir glioma-infiltre periferik kan mononükleer hücrelerinin izolasyonu ve akım sitometri analizi için bir basit bir yöntem burada sunulmuştur.

İzolasyon ve Glioma-sızmakta periferik kan mononükleer hücrelerinin Akışı Sitometrik Analizi

Our laboratory has recently demonstrated that natural killer (NK) cells are capable of eradicating orthotopically implanted mouse GL26 and rat CNS-1 ...

isolation-flow-cytometric-analysis-glioma-infiltrating-peripheral

Research

JoVE Journal

Immunology and Infection

15.6K Görüntüleme.  University of Michigan.  Erken beyin tümörü mikro giren bağışıklık hücrelerinin sayısının ve aktivasyon durumu ile ilgili zamana bağlı nicel verileri verir glioma-infiltre periferik kan mononükleer hücrelerinin izolasyonu ve akım sitometri analizi için bir basit bir yöntem burada sunulmuştur. 

Video: Isolation and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Glioma-infiltrating Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells

Isolation of Mouse Peritoneal Cavity Cells

The peritoneal cavity is a membrane-bound and fluid-filled abdominal cavity of mammals, which contains the liver, spleen, most of the gastro-intestinal tract and other viscera. It harbors a number of immune cells including macrophages, B cells and T cells. The presence of a high number of na&iuml;ve macrophages in the peritoneal cavity makes it a preferred site for the collection of na&iuml;ve tissue resident macrophages (1). The peritoneal cavity is also important to the study of B cells because of the presence of a unique peritoneal cavity-resident B cell subset known as B1 cells in addition to conventional B2 cells. B1 cells are subdivided into B1a and B1b cells, which can be distinguished by the surface expression of CD11b and CD5. B1 cells are an important source of natural IgM providing early protection from a variety of pathogens (2-4). These cells are autoreactive in nature (5), but how they are controlled to prevent autoimmunity is still not understood completely. On the contrary, CD5+ B1a cells possess some regulatory properties by virtue of their IL-10 producing capacity (6). Therefore, peritoneal cavity B1 cells are an interesting cell population to study because of their diverse function and many unaddressed questions associated with their development and regulation. The isolation of peritoneal cavity resident immune cells is tricky because of the lack of a defined structure inside the peritoneal cavity. Our protocol will describe a procedure for obtaining viable immune cells from the peritoneal cavity of mice, which then can be used for phenotypic analysis by flow cytometry and for different biochemical and immunological assays.

The peritoneal cavity in mammals contains different immune cell populations crucial for innate immune responses. An efficient isolation method is required for biochemical and functional analyses of these cells. Here we provide a comprehensive method for the isolation of peritoneal cavity cells in the mouse.

Fare Periton Boşluk Hücreleri İzolasyon

The peritoneal cavity is a membrane-bound and fluid-filled abdominal cavity of mammals, which contains the liver, spleen, most of the gastro-intestinal ...

İmmünoloji ve Enfeksiyon

Detecting Glycogen in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells with Periodic Acid Schiff Staining

Periodic acid Schiff (PAS) staining is an immunohistochemical technique used on muscle biopsies and as a diagnostic tool for blood samples. Polysaccharides such as glycogen, glycoproteins, and glycolipids stain bright magenta making it easy to enumerate positive and negative cells within the tissue. In muscle cells PAS staining is used to determine the glycogen content in different types of muscle cells, while in blood cell samples PAS staining has been explored as a diagnostic tool for a variety of conditions. Blood contains a proportion of white blood cells that belong to the immune system. The notion that cells of the immune system possess glycogen and use it as an energy source has not been widely explored. Here, we describe an adapted version of the PAS staining protocol that can be applied on peripheral blood mononuclear immune cells from human venous blood. Small cells with PAS-positive granules and larger cells with diffuse PAS staining were observed. Treatment of samples with amylase abrogates these patterns confirming the specificity of the stain. An alternate technique based on enzymatic digestion confirmed the presence and amount of glycogen in the samples. This protocol is useful for hematologists or immunologists studying polysaccharide content in blood-derived lymphocytes.

Periodic acid Schiff staining is a technique that visualizes the polysaccharide content of tissues. This article demonstrates periodic acid Schiff staining protocol adapted for use on peripheral blood mononuclear cells purified from human venous blood. Such samples are enriched for lymphocytes and other white blood cells of the immune system.

Periyodik Asit Schiff Boyama ile periferik kan mononükleer hücreleri glikojen algılama

Periodic acid Schiff (PAS) staining is an immunohistochemical technique used on muscle biopsies and as a diagnostic tool for blood samples. ...

Isolation and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Immune Cells from the Ischemic Mouse Brain

Ischemic stroke initiates a robust inflammatory response that starts in the intravascular compartment and involves rapid activation of brain resident cells. A key mechanism of this inflammatory response is the migration of circulating immune cells to the ischemic brain facilitated by chemokine release and increased endothelial adhesion molecule expression. Brain-invading leukocytes are well-known contributing to early-stage secondary ischemic injury, but their significance for the termination of inflammation and later brain repair has only recently been noticed.
Here, a simple protocol for the efficient isolation of immune cells from the ischemic mouse brain is provided. After transcardial perfusion, brain hemispheres are dissected and mechanically dissociated. Enzymatic digestion with Liberase&#160;is followed by density gradient (such as Percoll) centrifugation to remove myelin and cell debris. One major advantage of this protocol is the single-layer density gradient procedure which does not require time-consuming preparation of gradients and can be reliably performed. The approach yields highly reproducible cell counts per brain hemisphere and allows for measuring several flow cytometry panels in one biological replicate. Phenotypic characterization and quantification of brain-invading leukocytes after experimental stroke may contribute to a better understanding of their multifaceted roles in ischemic injury and repair.

Inflammation plays a central role in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke. Increasing evidence suggests that it acts as a double-edged sword which exacerbates early brain injury, but also contributes to later repair. This protocol describes the isolation of immune cells from the ischemic brain and their subsequent flow cytometric phenotyping.

İskemik Fare Beyin gelen Bağışıklık Hücreleri İzolasyon ve Akım Sitometrisi Analizi

Ischemic stroke initiates a robust inflammatory response that starts in the intravascular compartment and involves rapid activation of brain resident ...

Flow Cytometric Analysis of Natural Killer Cell Lytic Activity in Human Whole Blood

NK cell cytotoxicity is a widely used measure to determine the effect of outside intervention on NK cell function. However, the accuracy and reproducibility of this assay can be considered unstable, either because of user&#39;s errors or because of the sensitivity of NK cells to experimental manipulation. To eliminate these issues, a workflow that reduces them to a minimum was established and is presented here. To illustrate, we obtained blood samples, at various time points, from runners (n = 4) that were submitted to an intense bout of exercise. First, NK cells are simultaneously identified and isolated through CD56 tagging and magnetic-based sorting, directly from whole blood and from as little as one milliliter. The sorted NK cells are removed of any reagent or capping antibodies. They can be counted in order to establish an accurate NK cell count per milliliter of blood. Secondly, the sorted NK cells (effectors cells or E) can be mixed with 3,3&#39;-Diotadecyloxacarbocyanine Perchlorate (DiO) tagged K562 cells (target cells or T) at an assay-optimal 1:5 T:E ratio, and analyzed using an imaging flow-cytometer that allows for the visualization of each event and the elimination of any false positive or false negatives (such as doublets or effector cells). This workflow can be completed in about 4 h, and allows for very stable results even when working with human samples. When available, research teams can test several experimental interventions in human subjects, and compare measurements across several time points without compromising the data&#39;s integrity.

This work describes an advanced workflow for the accurate and fast determination of NK (Natural Killer) cell count and NK cell cytotoxicity in human blood samples.

İnsan Tüm Kan Natural Killer Hücre Parçalayıcı Faaliyet Akışı Sitometrik Analizi

NK cell cytotoxicity is a widely used measure to determine the effect of outside intervention on NK cell function. However, the accuracy and ...

Isolation and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Human Endocervical Gamma Delta T Cells

The female reproductive tract (FRT) mucosal immune system serves as the first line of defense. Better knowledge of the genital mucosa is therefore essential for understanding pathogenicity of different pathogens including HIV. Gamma delta (GD) T cells are the prototype of &#39;unconventional&#39; T cells and represent a relatively small subset of T cells defined by their expression of heterodimeric T-cell receptors (TCRs) composed of gamma and delta chains. This sets them apart from the classical and much better known CD4+ helper T cells and CD8+ cytotoxic T cells that are defined by alpha-beta TCRs. GD T cells often show tissue-specific localization and are enriched in epithelium. GD T cells orchestrate immune responses in inflammation, tumor surveillance, infectious disease, and autoimmunity.
Here, we present a method to reproducibly isolate and analyze human endocervical intraepithelial GD T lymphocytes. We have used endocervical cytobrush samples from women participating in the Women&#39;s Interagency HIV Infection Study (WIHS). Knowledge about GD T cells interactions during conditions in which there is an insult to the vaginal mucosal could be applied to any clinical study in which mucosal vulnerability is addressed, including the development of vaginal microbicides.In addition, knowledge about mucosal GD T cell responses has potential for application of GD T cell-based immune therapy in treating infectious diseases.

We describe here an isolation method to obtain human endocervical intraepithelial lymphocytes for the analysis of intraepithelial gamma delta T cells. This protocol can be extended for the purification of endocervical gamma delta T cells by magnetic beads or by cell sorting.

İnsan Endoservikal Gamma Delta T Hücreleri İzolasyon ve Akım Sitometrisi Analizi

The female reproductive tract (FRT) mucosal immune system serves as the first line of defense. Better knowledge of the genital mucosa is therefore ...

Digestion of the Murine Liver for a Flow Cytometric Analysis of Lymphatic Endothelial Cells

Within the liver, lymphatic vessels are found within the portal triad, and their described function is to remove interstitial fluid from the liver to the lymph nodes where cellular debris and antigens can be surveyed. We are very interested in understanding how the lymphatic vasculature might be involved in inflammation and immune cell function within the liver. However, very little has been published establishing digestion protocols for the isolation of lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) from the liver or specific markers that can be used to evaluate liver LECs on a per cell basis. Therefore, we optimized a method for the digestion and staining of the liver in order to evaluate the LEC population in the liver. We are confident that the method outlined here will be useful for the identification and isolation of LECs from the liver and will strengthen our understanding of how LECs respond to the liver microenvironment.

The goal of this protocol is to identify lymphatic endothelial cell populations within the liver using described markers. We utilize collagenase IV and DNase and a gentle mincing of tissue, combined with flow cytometry, to identify a distinct population of lymphatic endothelial cells.

Lenfatik endotel hücreleri akış sitometrik çözümlenmesi için fare karaciğer sindirim

Within the liver, lymphatic vessels are found within the portal triad, and their described function is to remove interstitial fluid from the liver to the ...

Digestion of Whole Mouse Eyes for Multi-Parameter Flow Cytometric Analysis of Mononuclear Phagocytes

The innate immune system plays important roles in ocular pathophysiology including uveitis, diabetic retinopathy, and age-related macular degeneration. Innate immune cells, specifically mononuclear phagocytes, express overlapping cell surface markers, which makes identifying these populations a challenge. Multi-parameter flow cytometry allows for the simultaneous, quantitative analysis of multiple cell surface markers in order to differentiate monocytes, macrophages, microglia, and dendritic cells in mouse eyes. This protocol describes the enucleation of whole mouse eyes, ocular dissection, digestion into a single cell suspension, and staining of the single cell suspension for myeloid cell markers. Additionally, we explain the proper methods for determining voltages using single color controls and for delineating positive gates using fluorescence minus one controls. The major limitation of multi-parameter flow cytometry is the absence of tissue architecture. This limitation can be overcome by multi-parameter flow cytometry of individual ocular compartments or complimentary immunofluorescence staining. However, immunofluorescence is limited by its lack of quantitative analysis and reduced number of fluorophores on most microscopes. We describe the use of multi-parametric flow cytometry to provide highly quantitative analysis of mononuclear phagocytes in laser-induced choroidal neovascularization. Additionally, multi-parameter flow cytometry can be used for the identification of macrophage subsets, fate mapping, and cell sorting for transcriptomic or proteomic studies.

This protocol provides a method to digest whole eyes into a single cell suspension for the purpose of multi-parameter flow cytometric analysis in order to identify specific ocular mononuclear phagocytic populations, including monocytes, microglia, macrophages, and dendritic cells.

Mononükleer Fagositlerin Çok Parametreli Akış Sitometrik Analizi için Tüm Fare Gözlerinin Sindirimi

The innate immune system plays important roles in ocular pathophysiology including uveitis, diabetic retinopathy, and age-related macular degeneration. ...

Flotation-Based T Cell Isolation, Activation, and Expansion from Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Samples Using Microbubbles

The process of isolating T cells from peripheral blood mononuclear&#160;cells (PBMCs) to establish ex vivo cultures is crucial for research, clinical testing, and cell-based therapies. In this study, a simple, novel protocol to isolate, activate, and expand T cells from PBMCs ex vivo is presented. This study utilizes functionalized buoyancy-activated cell sorting (BACS) technology to isolate and activate T cells. Briefly, the protocol involves the positive selection of CD3+ cells from leukopak-derived PBMCs, followed by a 48 h co-stimulation with pre-conjugated anti-CD28-bound streptavidin microbubbles (SAMBs) prior to transduction in 24-well plates. Functionalized microbubbles offer a unique opportunity to buoyantly activate cells, leading to proliferative phenotypes that allow for expansion with minimal exhaustion. This technique offers reduced exhaustion because the co-stimulatory microbubbles remain buoyant and return to the top of the culture medium, thus reducing the amount of time that the expanding cells are in contact with the co-stimulatory factors. The results indicate that the isolated and cultured T cells receive enough stimulation to activate and proliferate but not to an extent that leads to overactivation, which then leads to exhaustion, as demonstrated by the presence of excessive PD-1.

The objective of this study is to demonstrate the feasibility of flotation-based separation to isolate, activate, and expand primary human T cells.

Flotasyon Bazlı T Hücresi İzolasyonu, Aktivasyonu ve Mikrokabarcıklar Kullanılarak İnsan Periferik Kan Mononükleer Hücre Örneklerinden Genişleme

The process of isolating T cells from peripheral blood mononuclear&#160;cells (PBMCs) to establish ex vivo cultures is crucial for research, clinical ...

Mitokondriyal Biyoenerjetik Analizi için PBMC Toplama ve Kriyo Depolama

Cryopreservation and Bioenergetic Evaluation of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells

The physiological functions of eukaryotic cells rely on energy mainly provided by mitochondria. Mitochondrial dysfunction is linked to metabolic diseases and aging. Oxidative phosphorylation plays a decisive role, as it is crucial for the maintenance of energetic homeostasis. PBMCs have been identified as a minimally invasive sample to measure mitochondrial function and have been shown to reflect disease conditions. However, measurement of mitochondrial bioenergetic function can be limited by several factors in human samples. Limitations are the amount of samples taken, sampling time, which is often spread over several days, and locations. Cryopreservation of the collected samples can ensure consistent collection and measurement of samples. Care should be taken to ensure that the parameters measured are comparable between cryopreserved and freshly prepared cells. Here, we describe methods for isolating and cryopreserving PBMCs from human blood samples to analyze the bioenergetic function of the mitochondria in these cells. PBMC cryopreserved according to the protocol described here show only minor differences in cell number and viability, adenosine triphosphate levels, and measured respiratory chain activity compared with freshly harvested cells. Only 8-24 mL of human blood is needed for the described preparations, making it possible to collect samples during clinical studies multicentrally and determine their bioenergetics on site.

Yazar Spotlight: Kriyoprezervasyon Sonrası Periferik Kan Mononükleer Hücrelerinde Biyoenerjetik Parametrelerin Korunması 

Isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells can be used for the analysis of immune functions and disorders, metabolic diseases, or mitochondrial functions. In this work, we describe a standardized method for the preparation of PBMCs from whole blood and the subsequent cryopreservation. Cryopreservation makes this time and place independent.

İnsan Periferik Kan Mononükleer Hücrelerinin Kriyoprezervasyonu ve Biyoenerjetik Değerlendirmesi

The physiological functions of eukaryotic cells rely on energy mainly provided by mitochondria. Mitochondrial dysfunction is linked to metabolic diseases ...