Bu çalışma, Ulusal Sağlık Hibeler R56-HL095498, R01-HL-095498 (AD), R01-HL128406, Veterans Affairs Biyomedikal Laboratuvarı Araştırma Amerika Birleşik Devletleri Bölümü Merit İnceleme Ödülü I01-BX002336 Enstitüleri tarafından kısmen desteklenmiştir Gelişim Programı (MS), Yale (AD) Cerrahi Ohse ödülü Bölümü (JMS kadar) Sarnoff Kardiyovasküler Vakfı Bursu ve kaynaklar yoluyla ve Veterans Affairs Connecticut Sağlık Sistemi (West Haven, CT de tesislerinin kullanımı ). Sığır perikardiyal yamalar cömertçe Lemaitre Vasküler Inc. (Burlington, MA) tarafından temin edildi.

Uygun Kurumsal Hayvan Bakım ve Kullanım Kurulu tarafından onaylanması için protokol kurumunuzun hayvan araştırma etik komitesi kuralları takip ettiğini belirten alınmalıdır. 1. Anestezi ve Ameliyat öncesi Prosedürleri <ol><li> bir akrilik indüksiyon odasına tatbik buharlaştırılmış% 3 izofluran ve 1 L / dak oksijen ile yaklaşık 200 g ağırlığındaki erkek Wistar sıçanları, anestezisi. </li><li> Bir ayak ve kuyruk tutam tepki eksikliği yoluyla yeterli anestezi onaylayın. hayvanlar anestezi altında iken kuruluğunu önlemek için gözleri merhem yerleştirin. Sürekli solunum yoluyla% 3 izofluran - plastik operasyon plaka üzerinde her sıçan sırtüstü pozisyonda ve bir silikon maske pozisyon 2 buharlaşmış verebilen. sternal yatma korumak için yeterli bilinci yerine kadar gözetimsiz bir hayvan bırakmayın. </li><li> Steril eldiven giyerek, saç çıkarıcı kullanarak ventral karın saç çıkarın. Buprenorphine, subkutan veya intraperitonal olarak, sık sık bu noktada yer almaktadır. </li></ol> 2. Operatif Prosedürler <ol><li> yama venoplasti <ol><li> Ameliyattan önce, 3 mm x 1.5 mm x 0.6 mm boyutlarında bir microscissor kullanarak sığır perikard yama kırpın. bir hücre kültür kabı içinde, 5 dakika süre ile sterilize tuz 10 mL yama bekletin. </li><li> senin kurumsal protokole göre bir topikal antiseptik ile kesi sitesi hazırlayın ve bir cerrahi örtü uygulayın. ameliyat boyunca aseptik teknik korumak için steril eldiven ve aletler kullanın. Lokal anestezi planlanan cilt kesisi siteye enjekte edilebilir. </li><li> Bir neşter kullanılarak, sadece pubis üstünde kılıç şeklinde seviyesine uzanan bir orta hat karın kesi yapmak. </li><li> retractor takın ve sağ tarafa doğru karın boşluğundan tüm bağırsakları eviscerate. serum fizyolojik ile ıslatılmış gazlı bez bağırsakları sarın. </li><li> i Açığanfrarenal vena kava (IVC). Yama implantasyon yeri renal venler kökenli seviyesinin yaklaşık 2 mm &#39;dir; Bu sitede IVC ücretsiz teşrih. Bağlanır ve 6-0 naylon sütür kullanarak bu düzeydeki tüm lomber ve kolu damarlar bölün. </li><li> Proksimal ve distal infarenal IVC hem genelinde iki mikrocerrahi klipleri yerleştirin. Makas (Şekil 1A) kullanarak yaklaşık 3 mm uzatmak ardından IVC ön duvarını batırılarak 25 G iğne ile venotomi gerçekleştirin ve. </li><li> Çalışan veya kesintiye 10-0 naylon sütür (Şekil 1B) kullanılarak yama ile venotomi kapatın. </li><li> venoplasti kapatma tamamlayın. yama havalandırma ve ardından IVC kan akışını geri proksimal kelepçe kaldırmak için ilk uzak kelepçe çıkarın. </li><li> sıkıştırma olmadan 30 saniye gözlemleyerek hemostaz onaylayın. doğal pozisyona bağırsakları dönün. onaylanmış hayvan protokollerine göre çalışan bir dikiş ile karın kapatın. </li></ol></li><li> yama arterioplastiden <ol><li> Ameliyattan önce, 3 mm x 1.5 mm x 0.6 mm boyutlarında bir microscissor kullanarak sığır perikard yama kırpın. sterilize tuzlu su içinde ıslatın. </li><li> Topikal antiseptik ile kesi sitesi hazırlayın ve bir cerrahi örtü uygulayın. ameliyat boyunca aseptik teknik korumak için steril eldiven ve aletler kullanın. </li><li> Bir neşter kullanılarak, sadece pubis üstünde kılıç şeklinde seviyesine uzanan bir orta hat karın kesi yapmak. </li><li> retractor takın ve sağ tarafa doğru karın boşluğundan tüm bağırsakları eviscerate. serum fizyolojik ile ıslatılmış gazlı bez bağırsakları sarın. </li><li> aorta Açığa. Yama implantasyon yeri renal arterler kökenli seviyesinin yaklaşık 2 mm &#39;dir; bu sitede ücretsiz aort teşrih. Bağlanır ve 6-0 naylon sütür kullanarak bu düzeydeki tüm lomber arterler bölün. </li><li> infrarenal aorta kelepçe. puncturi tarafından arteriyotomi gerçekleştirmek için 25 G iğne kullanınyaklaşık 3 mm ile makas (Şekil 1C) kadar uzatmak, sonra aortun ön duvarını ng ve. </li><li> 10-0 naylon dikişler (Şekil 1D) çalıştıran kullanarak yama ile arteriyotomi kapatın. arterioplastiden kapatma tamamlayın. yama havalandırma ve ardından aorta kan akışını geri proksimal kelepçe kaldırmak için ilk uzak kelepçe çıkarın. </li><li> sıkıştırma olmadan 30 saniye gözlemleyerek hemostaz onaylayın. doğal pozisyona bağırsakları dönün. onaylanmış hayvan protokollerine göre çalışan bir dikiş ile karın kapatın. </li></ol></li></ol> 3. Post-operatif prosedürler <ol><li> Karnın kapanmasından sonra, anestezi durdurma. Kurumsal Hayvan Bakım ve Kullanım Kurulu tarafından tavsiye edilen talimatlara uygun olarak analjezi ve yara bakımı da dahil olmak üzere post-operatif bakım, uygulayın. </li><li> analjezi için 0.1 mg buprenorfin kullanımı / kg kas 24 saat süre ile, her 12 saat daha az izleyincerrahi girişimler ing. peri-operatif dönemden doğru kurtarma yanı sıra ameliyat sonrası ağrının yeterli tedavi sağlanması, hayvan odasında her gün hayvanın durumunu kontrol edin. Tamamen iyileşene kadar diğer hayvanların şirkete ameliyat geçirmiş bir hayvan iade etmeyin. </li></ol><style type="text/css">p.p1 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 12.0px Helvetica}
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	<li>Muto, A., Nishibe, T., Dardik, H., Dardik, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Patches+for+carotid+artery+endarterectomy:+current+materials+and+prospects.">Patches for carotid artery endarterectomy: current materials and prospects.</a> J Vasc Surg. 50 (1), 206-213 (2009).</li><li>Li, X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Current+usage+and+future+directions+for+the+bovine+pericardial+patch.">Current usage and future directions for the bovine pericardial patch.</a> Ann Vasc Surg. 25 (4), 561-568 (2011).</li><li>Biasi, G. M., Sternjakob, S., Mingazzini, P. M., Ferrari, S. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Nine-year+experience+of+bovine+pericardium+patch+angioplasty+during+carotid+endarterectomy.">Nine-year experience of bovine pericardium patch angioplasty during carotid endarterectomy.</a> J Vasc Surg. 36 (2), 271-277 (2002).</li><li>Papakostas, J. C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Use+of+the+vascu-guard+bovine+pericardium+patch+for+arteriotomy+closure+in+carotid+endarterectomy.+Early+and+long-term+results.">Use of the vascu-guard bovine pericardium patch for arteriotomy closure in carotid endarterectomy. Early and long-term results.</a> Ann Vasc Surg. 28 (5), 1213-1218 (2014).</li><li>Ohwada, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Glutaraldehyde-fixed+heterologous+pericardium+for+vena+cava+grafting+following+hepatectomy.">Glutaraldehyde-fixed heterologous pericardium for vena cava grafting following hepatectomy.</a> Hepatogastroenterology. 46 (26), 855-858 (1999).</li><li>Mori, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Standard+hepatic+vein+reconstruction+with+patch+plasty+using+the+native+portal+vein+in+adult+living+donor+liver+transplantation.">Standard hepatic vein reconstruction with patch plasty using the native portal vein in adult living donor liver transplantation.</a> Liver Transpl. 18 (5), 602-607 (2012).</li><li>Bai, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Pericardial+patch+venoplasty+heals+via+attraction+of+venous+progenitor+cells.">Pericardial patch venoplasty heals via attraction of venous progenitor cells.</a> Physiological Reports. 4 (12), (2016).</li><li>Li, X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Pericardial+patch+angioplasty+heals+via+an+Ephrin-B2+and+CD34+positive+cell+mediated+mechanism.">Pericardial patch angioplasty heals via an Ephrin-B2 and CD34 positive cell mediated mechanism.</a> PLoS One. 7 (6), 38844 (2012).</li><li>Bai, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Pretreatment+of+pericardial+patches+with+antibiotics+does+not+alter+patch+healing+in+vivo.">Pretreatment of pericardial patches with antibiotics does not alter patch healing in vivo.</a> J Vasc Surg. 63 (4), 1063-1073 (2016).</li><li>Muto, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Eph-B4+prevents+venous+adaptive+remodeling+in+the+adult+arterial+environment.">Eph-B4 prevents venous adaptive remodeling in the adult arterial environment.</a> J Exp Med. 208 (3), 561-575 (2011).</li></ol>

The authors have nothing to disclose.

Bu, sırasıyla, bir yama venoplasti veya yama arterioplastiden oluşturma damar veya arterlerde da kullanılabilir sıçanda bir yama anjiyoplasti modeli açıklanmaktadır. Bu perikard yama modeli kullanarak, aort arterioplastiden (Şekil 2) 7, 8 ile karşılaştırıldığında sıçan IVC venoplasti agresif ve kararlı neointimal hiperplazi gösterdi. Çeşitli teknik açıdan dikkat çekicidir. Aort arterioplast...

Perikard yamalar, sığır ya da domuz ya ile yaygın yakın kan damarları damar cerrahları restenoz 1, 2 riskini azaltmak için. Arteriyel cerrahide, perikard yama anjiyoplasti birincil kapatma 3, 4 ile karşılaştırıldığında restenoz oranını düşürür. Yama venoplasti da benzer arter prosedürler 5, 6 daha az karşılaştırıldığında, ancak, damarlar kapatılması gerçekleştirilir. Yamalar genellikle kendi lümen yüzeylerde neointimal hiperplazi geliştirmek; Bununla birlikte, neointimal formasyonu mekanizması, özellikle arteriyel ve venöz ortamlar arasında neointimal oluşumunda farklar karşılaştırıldığında açık değildir. Biz daha önce perikard yamaları arteriyel ve venöz ortamlar ve venöz yama anjiyoplasti hem progenitör hücreler daha fazla a gösteriyor çekmek olduğunu gösterdiarteriyel yamalar 7, 8 ile karşılaştırıldığında ggressive neointimal oluşumu. Bu çalışmada, biz damarları ve arterler ve her ikisi de kapanış ortak olan perikard yama anjiyoplasti fare modeli açıklayan neointimal oluşumu incelemek için kullanılabilir; Bu yöntem, genel olarak, insan hastalarda kullanılan bir çalışma tekniğinin küçük-hayvan modelidir. sıçan modelinde cerrahi teknik yönlerini kolaylaştırmak ve model için öğrenme eğrisi iyileştirilmesi, fare modelinde daha geniş bir çapa sahiptir.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="523">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Bovine pericardial patch</td>
			<td colspan="2" style="width:307px;">LeMaitre Vascular</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Vascular clamp</td>
			<td>Roboz Surgical Instrument Co.</td>
			<td>RS-5424</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Clamp applying forceps</td>
			<td>Roboz Surgical Instrument Co</td>
			<td>RS-5410</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">10-0 Prolene suture</td>
			<td>Arosurgical Co.</td>
			<td>T05A10N10-13</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

patch angioplasty in the rat aorta or inferior vena cava

Perikard yamaları yaygın damarları kapatmak için damar cerrahisi kullanılır. yama üzerinde oluşturduğu neointimal hiperplazi çalışmalarını kolaylaştırmak için, sırasıyla, bir yama venoplasti veya yama arterioplastiden oluştururken, bir ven veya bir arter ya kullanılabilen yama anjiyoplasti bir fare modeli geliştirdi. Bu modelin teknik özellikleri tartışılmıştır. infra-böbrek İVC veya aort disseke ve sonra proksimal ve distal kenetlenir. 3 mm venotomi ya arteriyotomi 8 haftalık Wistar farelere, 6 infrarenal inferior vena kava veya aort gerçekleştirilir. Bir sığır perikard yama (x 1.5 mm x 0.6 mm 3 mm) daha sonra 10-0 naylon sütür kullanarak siteyi kapatmak için kullanılır. arteriyel yamalar ile karşılaştırıldığında, venöz yamalar günde 7. neointimal kalınlığı artmış göstermektedir perikard yama anjiyoplasti Bu yeni model, vasküler biyomateryallerinin üzerindeki neointimal hiperplazi incelemek yanı sıra arteriyel ve venöz arasındaki farklılıkları karşılaştırmak için kullanılabilirortamlar.

Yama anjiyoplastiden sonra, venöz (n = 42) ya da arteriyel (n = 24) bir düzeltme grupları ya da herhangi bir tromboz vardı. 7. günde Survival bir venöz ya da arteriyel yama ile ya her iki grupta% 100 oldu. Yamalar 7. günde toplandı ve hematoksilin ve eosin ile boyanmış ve önceden tarif edildiği gibi 7 neointimal kalınlığı karşılaştırılmıştır edildi. Çünkü yama ve Neointimanın arasındaki ...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Patch Angioplasty in the Rat Aorta or Inferior Vena Cava at JoVE.com

Patch Angioplasty in the Rat Aorta or Inferior Vena Cava

We have established a model of pericardial patch angioplasty that can be used in either small-diameter veins or arteries. This model can be used to compare venous and arterial neointimal hyperplasia formation.

Sıçan Aort veya İnferior Vena Cava de Anjiyoplasti Patch

Pericardial patches are commonly used in vascular surgery to close vessels. To facilitate studies of the neointimal hyperplasia that forms on the patch, ...

patch-angioplasty-in-the-rat-aorta-or-inferior-vena-cava

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

10.5K Görüntüleme.  Yale University. We have established a model of pericardial patch angioplasty that can be used in either small-diameter veins or arteries. This model can be used to compare venous and arterial neointimal hyperplasia formation.

Video: Patch Angioplasty in the Rat Aorta or Inferior Vena Cava

Hyperinsulinemic-Euglycemic Clamp in the Conscious Rat

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is rapidly rising in prevalence. Characterized by either inadequate insulin production or the inability to utilize insulin produced, T2D results in elevated blood glucose levels. The "gold-standard" in assessing insulin sensitivity is a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp or insulin clamp. In this procedure, insulin is infused at a constant rate resulting in a drop in blood glucose. To maintain blood glucose at a constant level, exogenous glucose (D50) is infused into the venous circulation. The amount of glucose infused to maintain homeostasis is indicative of insulin sensitivity. Here, we show the basic clamp procedure in the chronically catheterized, unrestrained, conscious rat. This model allows blood to be collected with minimal stress to the animal. Following the induction of anesthesia, a midline incision is made and the left common carotid artery and right jugular vein are catheterized. Inserted catheters are flushed with heparinized saline, then exteriorized and secured. Animals are allowed to recover for 4-5 days prior to experiments, with weight gain monitored daily. Only those animals who regain weight to pre-surgery levels are used for experiments. On the day of the experiment, rats are fasted and connected to pumps containing insulin and D50. Baseline glucose is assessed from the arterial line and used a benchmark throughout the experiment (euglycemia). Following this, insulin is infused at a constant rate into the venous circulation. To match the drop in blood glucose, D50 is infused. If the rate of D50 infusion is greater than the rate of uptake, a rise in glucose will occur. Similarly, if the rate is insufficient to match whole body glucose uptake, a drop will occur. Titration of glucose continues until stable glucose readings are achieved. Glucose levels and glucose infusion rates during this stable period are recorded and reported. Results provide an index of whole body insulin sensitivity. The technique can be refined to meet specific experimental requirements. It is further enhanced by the use of radioactive tracers that can determine tissue specific insulin-stimulated glucose uptake as well as whole body glucose turnover.

The hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp is the "gold standard" for the assessment of insulin action. Insulin is infused at a constant rate stimulating glucose uptake. The amount of exogenous glucose infused to counter this drop is indicative of insulin sensitivity. Here the procedure is performed on a conscious, unrestrained rat.

Bilinçli Rat hiperinsülinemik öglisemik Kelepçe

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is rapidly rising in prevalence. Characterized by either inadequate insulin production or the inability to utilize insulin produced, ...

Tıp

Electrolytic Inferior Vena Cava Model (EIM) of Venous Thrombosis

Animal models serve a vital role in deep venous thrombosis (DVT) research in order to study thrombus formation, thrombus resolution and to test potential therapeutic compounds (1). New compounds to be utilized in the treatment and prevention of DVT are currently being developed. The delivery of potential therapeutic antagonist compounds to an affected thrombosed vein has been problematic. In the context of therapeutic applications, a model that uses partial stasis and consistently generates thrombi within a major vein has been recently established. The Electrolytic Inferior vena cava Model (EIM) is mouse model of DVT that permits thrombus formation in the presence of continuous blood flow. This model allows therapeutic agents to be in contact with the thrombus in a dynamic fashion, and is more sensitive than other models of DVT (1). In addition, this thrombosis model closely simulates clinical situations of thrombus formation and is ideal to study venous endothelial cell activation, leukocyte migration, venous thrombogenesis, and to test therapeutic applications (1). The EIM model is technically simple, easily reproducible, creates consistent thrombi sizes and allows for a large sample (i.e. thrombus and vein wall) which is required for analytical purposes.

Electrolytic Inferior Vena Cava Model EIM of Venous Thrombosis

The electrolytic induction of endothelial activation to the internal surface of the Inferior Vena Cava results in venous type thrombus formation due to endothelial activation and partial blood stasis, two components of Virchow's triad.

Ven Trombozu Elektrolitik inferior vena kava Modeli (EIM)

Animal models serve a vital role in deep venous thrombosis (DVT) research in order to study thrombus formation, thrombus resolution and to test potential ...

Mouse Complete Stasis Model of Inferior Vena Cava Thrombosis

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) includes both deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). In the United States (U.S.), the high morbidity and mortality rates make VTE a serious health concern 1-2. After heart disease and stroke, VTE is the third most common vascular disease 3. In the U.S. alone, there is an estimated 900,000 people affected each year, with 300,000 deaths occurring annually 3. A reliable in vivo animal model to study the mechanisms of this disease is necessary.
The advantages of using the mouse complete stasis model of inferior vena cava thrombosis are several. The mouse model allows for the administration of very small volumes of limited availability test agents, reducing costs dramatically. Most promising is the potential for mice with gene knockouts that allow specific inflammatory and coagulation factor functions to be delineated. Current molecular assays allow for the quantitation of vein wall, thrombus, whole blood, and plasma for assays. However, a major concern involving this model is the operative size constraints and the friability of the vessels. Also, due to the small IVC sample weight (mean 0.005 grams) it is necessary to increase animal numbers for accurate statistical analysis for tissue, thrombus, and blood assays such as real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), western blot, enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA), zymography, vein wall and thrombus cellular analysis, and whole blood and plasma assays 4-8.
The major disadvantage with the stasis model is that the lack of blood flow inhibits the maximal effect of administered systemic therapeutic agents on the thrombus and vein wall.

The mouse complete stasis model of inferior vena cava thrombosis yields quantifiable amounts of vein wall tissue and thrombus. It has proven useful for evaluating interactions between the vein wall and the occlusive thrombus and in assessing the progression from acute to chronic inflammation.

İnferior Vena Kava Trombozu Fare Komple Durağanlık Model

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) includes both deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE).  In the United States (U.S.), the high morbidity and ...

Angiogenesis in the Ischemic Rat Lung

The adult lung is perfused by both the systemic bronchial artery and the entire venous return flowing through the pulmonary arteries. In most lung pathologies, it is the smaller systemic vasculature that responds to a need for enhanced lung perfusion and shows robust neovascularization. Pulmonary vascular ischemia induced by pulmonary artery obstruction has been shown to result in rapid systemic arterial angiogenesis in man as well as in several animal models. Although the histologic assessment of the time course of bronchial artery proliferation in rats was carefully described by Weibel 1, mechanisms responsible for this organized growth of new vessels are not clear. We provide surgical details of inducing left pulmonary artery ischemia in the rat that leads to bronchial neovascularization. Quantification of the extent of angiogenesis presents an additional challenge due to the presence of the two vascular beds within the lung. Methods to determine functional angiogenesis based on labeled microsphere injections are provided.

The lung is perfused by both the systemic bronchial artery and pulmonary arteries. In most lung pathologies, it is the smaller systemic vasculature that shows robust neovascularization. Cessation of pulmonary blood flow promotes brisk bronchial angiogenesis. We provide surgical details of inducing left pulmonary artery ischemia that promotes bronchial neovascularization.

İskemik Sıçan Akciğer Angiogenezis

The  adult lung is perfused by both the systemic bronchial artery and the entire  venous return flowing through the pulmonary arteries. In most lung ...

Implantation of Inferior Vena Cava Interposition Graft in Mouse Model

Biodegradable scaffolds seeded with bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMCs) are often used for reconstructive surgery to treat congenital cardiac anomalies. The long-term clinical results showed excellent patency rates, however, with significant incidence of stenosis. To investigate the cellular and molecular mechanisms of vascular neotissue formation and prevent stenosis development in tissue engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs), we developed a mouse model of the graft with approximately 1 mm internal diameter. First, the TEVGs were assembled from biodegradable tubular scaffolds fabricated from a polyglycolic acid nonwoven felt mesh coated with &#949;-caprolactone and L-lactide copolymer. The scaffolds were then placed in a lyophilizer, vacuumed for 24 hr, and stored in a desiccator until cell seeding. Second, bone marrow was collected from donor mice and mononuclear cells were isolated by density gradient centrifugation. Third, approximately one million cells were seeded on a scaffold and incubated O/N. Finally, the seeded scaffolds were then implanted as infrarenal vena cava interposition grafts in C57BL/6 mice. The implanted grafts demonstrated excellent patency (&#62;90%) without evidence of thromboembolic complications or aneurysmal formation. This murine model will aid us in understanding and quantifying the cellular and molecular mechanisms of neotissue formation in the TEVG.

To improve our knowledge of cellular and molecular neotissue formation, a murine model of the TEVG was recently developed. The grafts were implanted as infrarenal vena cava interposition grafts in C57BL/6 mice. This model achieves similar results to those achieved in our clinical investigation, but over a far shortened time-course.

Fare Modeli Inferior Vena Cava İnterpozisyon Greft İmplantasyonu

Biodegradable scaffolds seeded with bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMCs) are often used for reconstructive surgery to treat congenital cardiac anomalies. ...

Scleral Cross-linking Using Riboflavin and Ultraviolet-A Radiation for Prevention of Axial Myopia in a Rabbit Model

Myopic individuals, especially those with severe myopia, are at higher-than-normal risk of cataract, glaucoma, retinal detachment and chorioretinal abnormalities. In addition, pathological myopia is a common irreversible cause of visual impairment and blindness1-3. Our study demonstrates the effect of scleral crosslinking using riboflavin and ultraviolet-A radiation on the development of axial myopia in a rabbit model. The axial length of the eyeball was measured by A-scan ultrasound in New Zealand white rabbits aged 13 days (male and female). The eye then underwent 360&#176; conjunctival peritomy with scleral crosslinking, followed by tarsorrhaphy. Axial elongation was induced in 13 day-old New Zealand rabbits by suturing their right eye eyelids (tarsorrhaphy). The eyes were divided into quadrants, and every quadrant had two scleral irradiation zones, each with an area of 0.2 cm&#178; and a radius of 4 mm. Crosslinking was performed by dropping 0.1% dextran-free riboflavin-5-phosphate onto the irradiation zones 20 sec before ultraviolet-A irradiation and every 20 sec during the 200 sec irradiation time. UVA radiation (370 nm) was applied perpendicular to the sclera at 57 mW/cm&#178; (total UVA light dose, 57 J/cm&#178;). Tarsorrhaphies were removed on day 55, followed by repeated axial length measurements. This study demonstrates that scleral crosslinking with riboflavin and ultraviolet-A radiation effectively prevents occlusion-induced axial elongation in a rabbit model.

We demonstrate the effect of scleral crosslinking with riboflavin and UVA on an axial elongation rabbit eye. Axial elongation was induced in 13 day-old New Zealand rabbits (male and female) by suturing their right eye eyelids (tarsorrhaphy).

Skleral bir Tavşan Modelinde Aksiyel Miyopide Önleme Riboflavin ve Ultraviyole-A Radyasyon Kullanımı Çapraz bağlama

Myopic individuals, especially those with severe myopia, are at higher-than-normal risk of cataract, glaucoma, retinal detachment and chorioretinal ...

A Model of Cardiac Remodeling Through Constriction of the Abdominal Aorta in Rats

Heart failure is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. It is a complex clinical syndromethat includes fatigue, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, and fluid retention. Changes in myocardial structure, electrical conduction, and energy metabolism develop with heart failure, leading to contractile dysfunction, increased risk of arrhythmias, and sudden death. Hypertensive heart disease is one of the key contributing factors of cardiac remodeling associated with heart failure. The most commonly-used animal model mimicking hypertensive heart disease is created via surgical interventions, such as by narrowing the aorta. Abdominal aortic constriction is a useful experimental technique to induce a pressure overload, which leads to heart failure. The surgery can be easily performed, without the need for chest opening or mechanical ventilation. Abdominal aortic constriction-induced cardiac pathology progresses gradually, making this model relevant to clinical hypertensive heart failure. Cardiac injury and remodeling can be observed 10 weeks after the surgery. The method described here provides a simple and effective approach to produce a hypertensive heart disease animal model that is suitable for studying disease mechanisms and for testing novel therapeutics.

A rat model of abdominal aortic constriction that induces cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling is described. An efficient, highly-reproducible, and minimally-invasive method is used to provide a simple yet useful platform for research in myocardial hypertrophy and dysfunction.

Sıçanlarda Karın Aort Konstrüksiyon sayesinde Kardiyak Yaptırma Bir Model

Heart failure is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. It is a complex clinical syndromethat includes fatigue, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, and ...

Balloon-based Injury to Induce Myointimal Hyperplasia in the Mouse Abdominal Aorta

The use of animal models is essential for a better understanding of MH, one major cause for arterial stenosis.In this article, we demonstrate a murine balloon denudation model, which is comparable with established vessel injury models in large animals. The aorta denudation model with balloon catheters mimics the clinical setting and leads to comparable pathobiological and physiological changes. Briefly, after performing a horizontal incision in the aorta abdominalis, a balloon catheter will be inserted into the vessel, inflated, and introduced retrogradely. Inflation of the balloon will lead to intima injury and overdistension of the vessel. After removing the catheter, the aortic incision will be closed with single stiches. The model shown in this article is reproducible, easy to perform, and can be established quickly and reliably. It is especially suitable for evaluating expensive experimental therapeutic agents, which can be applied in an economical fashion. By using different knockout-mouse strains, the impact of different genes on MH development can be assessed.

This article demonstrates a murine model to study the development of myointimal hyperplasia (MH) after aortic balloon injury.

Fare Abdominal aort Myointimal Hiperplazi ikna etmek için balon tabanlı yaralanma

The use of animal models is essential for a better understanding of MH, one major cause for arterial stenosis.In this article, we demonstrate a murine ...

A Rat Model of Orthotopic Liver Transplantation Using a Novel Magnetic Anastomosis Technique for Suprahepatic Vena Cava Reconstruction

The rat model of orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) is essential for transplant research. It is a very sophisticated animal model and requires a steep learning curve. The introduction of the cuff technique for anastomosis of the portal vein (PV) and infrahepatic vena cava (IHVC) has significantly simplified the transplant procedure in rats. However, due to the short anterior wall of the recipients' suprahepatic vena cava (SHVC), the cuff technique is very difficult to use for the reconstruction of the SHVC. Most researchers in this field still use the hand-suture technique for SHVC reconstruction, which makes it the bottleneck step in rat orthotopic liver transplantation. The magnetic anastomosis technique (i.e., magnamosis) is a method of connecting two vessels using the attractive force between two magnets. Our recent study has shown that the magnetic anastomosis technique is superior to the hand-suture technique for SHVC reconstruction in rats. In this article, we show a step-by-step protocol for SHVC reconstruction in rats using the novel magnetic anastomosis technique. In this model, the reconstruction of the PV and IHVC was performed by the standard cuff technique, while the reconstruction of the bile duct (BD) was performed by a stent technique. The hepatic re-arterialization was not performed. The magnetic anastomosis technique made SHVC reconstruction much easier and significantly shortened the anphepatic phase. After a reasonable learning curve, even researchers without advanced microsurgical skills can produce reliable and reproducible results using this rat model of OLT.

The reconstruction of the suprahepatic vena cava (SHVC) remains a difficult step in rat orthotopic liver transplantation. In this article, we show a step-by-step protocol for SHVC reconstruction in rats using a novel magnetic anastomosis technique.

Orthotopic fare modeli bir roman manyetik anastomoz teknik Suprahepatic Vena kava imar için kullanılarak karaciğer nakli

The rat model of orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) is essential for transplant research. It is a very sophisticated animal model and requires a steep ...

Ultrasound Imaging of the Thoracic and Abdominal Aorta in Mice to Determine Aneurysm Dimensions

Contemporary high-resolution ultrasound instruments have sufficient resolution to facilitate the measurement of mouse aortas. These instruments have been widely used to measure aortic dimensions in mouse models of aortic aneurysms. Aortic aneurysms are defined as permanent dilations of the aorta, which occur most frequently in the ascending and abdominal regions. Sequential measurements of aortic dimensions by ultrasound are the principal approach for assessing the development and progression of aortic aneurysms in vivo. Although many reported studies used ultrasound imaging to measure aortic diameters as a primary endpoint, there are confounding factors, such as probe position and cardiac cycle, that may impact the accuracy of data acquisition, analysis, and interpretation. The purpose of this protocol is to provide a practical guide on the use of ultrasound to measure the aortic diameter in a reliable and reproducible manner. This protocol introduces the preparation of mice and instruments, the acquisition of appropriate ultrasound images, and data analysis.

Ultrasound imaging has become a common modality to determine the luminal dimensions of thoracic and abdominal aortic aneurysms in mice. This protocol describes the procedure to acquire reliable and reproducible two-dimensional ultrasound images of the ascending and abdominal aorta in mice.

Torasik ve Abdominal aort anevrizması boyutlarını belirlemek farelerde ultrason görüntüleme

Contemporary high-resolution ultrasound instruments have sufficient resolution to facilitate the measurement of mouse aortas. These instruments have been ...