Name: generation of porcine testicular organoids with testis specific architecture using microwell culture
Uploaded: 2019-10-03T15:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Generation of Porcine Testicular Organoids with Testis Specific Architecture using Microwell Culture at JoVE.com

This work was supported by NIH/NICHD HD091068-01 to Dr. Ina Dobrinski.

NOTE: Testes from 1-week-old piglets were obtained from a commercial pig farm as by-product from castration of commercial pigs. Sourcing of testes was approved by the Animal Care Committee at the University of Calgary.
1. Preparation of enzyme solutions for tissue digestion
NOTE: Three different enzymatic solutions are needed, which include two different collagenase IV solutions (solution A, B) and a deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) solution.
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	<li>To prepare sol...

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We have established a simple method that allows the consistent, repeatable generation of large numbers of testicular organoids with tissue architecture that is similar to testis in vivo12. While the approach was developed using porcine testis cells, it is more broadly applicable also to mouse, non-human primate and human testis12. A number of different methods have been reported for producing testicular organoids8,9...

In recent years, there has been a resurgence of interest in three-dimensional (3D) organoids. Different organs such as intestine1, stomach2, pancreas3,4, liver5, and brain6 have been successfully derived into 3D organoid systems. These organoids have architectural and functional similarities to the organs in vivo and are more biologically relevant for study of tissue microenvironment than monolayer culture systems7. As a result, testicular organoids have started to garner interest as well8,9,10,11,12. The majority of methods reported so far are complex, non-high throughput10 and require the addition of ECM proteins8,10. This complexity also leads to issues with reproducibility. A simple and reproducible method is needed that allows for the generation of testicular organoids with cell-associations that are like testis in vivo.
We have recently reported a system to address these requirements12. Using the pig as a model, we employed a centrifugal forced aggregation approach in the microwell system. In the microwell system, each well contains a large number of identical smaller microwells13. This allows for the generation of numerous spheroids of uniform size. The microwell system enabled generation of large numbers of uniform organoids with a testis-specific architecture. The system is simple and does not require addition of ECM proteins.

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>100 mm ultra low attachment tissue culture dish</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
			<td>#CLS3262</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>100 mm tissue culture dish</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
			<td>#353803</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Aggrwell 400</td>
			<td>Stemcell Technologies</td>
			<td>#34411</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Anti-Adherence Rinsing Solution</td>
			<td>Stemcell Technologies</td>
			<td>#07010</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Collagenase type IV from Clostridium histolyticum</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>#C5138</td>
			<td>referred as Collagenase IV S</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Collagenase type IV Worthington</td>
			<td>Worthington-Biochem</td>
			<td>#LS004189</td>
			<td>referred as Collagenase IV W</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Deoxyribonuclease I from bovine pancreas</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>#DN25</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dulbecco&#8217;s Modified Eagle&#8217;s Medium/F12</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>#11330-032</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dulbecco&#8217;s Modified Eagle&#8217;s Medium - high glucose</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>#D6429</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dulbecco&#8217;s Phosphate Buffered Saline</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>#D8537</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Epidermal Growth Factor</td>
			<td>R&#38;D Systems</td>
			<td>#236-EG</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Falcon Cell Strainers 70 &#181;m</td>
			<td>FisherScientific</td>
			<td>#352350</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Falcon Cell Strainers 40 &#181;m</td>
			<td>FisherScientific</td>
			<td>#352340</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Fetal Bovine Serum</td>
			<td>ThermoFisher Scientific</td>
			<td>#12483-020</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Insulin-Transferrin-Selenium</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>#41400-045</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Penicillin-Streptomycin</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>#P4333</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Porcine testicular tissue</td>
			<td>Sunterra Farms Ltd (Alberta, Canada)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Steriflip-GP Sterile Centrifuge Tube Top Filter Unit</td>
			<td>Millipore</td>
			<td>#SCGP00525</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Trypsin-EDTA</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>#T4049</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

generation of porcine testicular organoids with testis specific architecture using microwell culture

Organoids are three dimensional structures composed of multiple cell types that are capable of recapitulating tissue architecture and functions of organs in vivo. Formation of organoids has opened up different avenues of basic and translational research. In recent years, testicular organoids have garnered interest in the field of male reproductive biology. Testicular organoids allow for the study of cell-cell interactions, tissue development, and the germ cell niche microenvironment and facilitate high throughput drug and toxicity screening. A method is needed to reliably and reproducibly generate testicular organoids with testis specific tissue architecture. The microwell culture system contains a dense array of pyramid-shaped microwells. Testicular cells derived from pre-pubertal testes are centrifuged into these microwells and cultured to generate testicular organoids with testis-specific tissue architecture and cell associations. Thousands of homogeneous organoids can be generated via this process. The protocol reported here will be of broad interest to researchers studying male reproduction.

Isolated cells from 1-week old porcine testes that were cultured in the microwells self-organized into spheroids (Figure 1A, Figure 2), with delineated and distinct exterior (seminiferous epithelium) and interior compartments (interstitium) (Figure 1B, Figure 2). The two compartments were separated by a collagen IV+ve basement...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Generation of Porcine Testicular Organoids with Testis Specific Architecture using Microwell Culture at JoVE.com

Generation of Porcine Testicular Organoids with Testis Specific Architecture using Microwell Culture

Here, we present a protocol for the reproducible generation of porcine testicular organoids with testis specific tissue architecture using the commercially available microwell culture system.

Organoids are three dimensional structures composed of multiple cell types that are capable of recapitulating tissue architecture and functions of organs ...

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