Chapter 7
DNA Repair and Recombination
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نظرة عامة على اصلاح الحمض النووى الريبوزى منزوع الاكسجين
In order to be passed through generations, genomic DNA must be undamaged and error-free. However, every day, DNA in a cell undergoes several thousand to a ...
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الاصلاح بإستئصال قاعدة
One of the common DNA damages is the chemical alteration of single bases by alkylation, oxidation, or deamination. The altered bases cause mispairing and ...
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الاصلاح بإستئصال عدد من القواعد
Since the discovery of the two BER pathways, there has been a debate about how a cell chooses one pathway over the other and the factors determining this ...
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الاصلاح بإستئصال نيوكليتيدات
Overview
Exposure to mutagens can damage DNA and result in bulky lesions that distort the double-helix structure or impede proper transcription. Damaged ...
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بوليميراز توليف الحمض النووى الريبوزى منزوع الاكسجين
Translesion (TLS) polymerases rescue stalled DNA polymerases at sites of damaged bases by replacing the replicative polymerase and installing a nucleotide ...
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اصلاح التلف مزدوج الشريط
The double-stranded structure of DNA has two major advantages. First, it serves as a safe repository of genetic information where one strand serves as the ...
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التلف الحادث فى الحمض النووى الريوزى يمكن ان يعطل دورة الخلية
In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages ...
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اعادة التركيب المتماثل
The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of ...
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اعادة تشغيل شوكة الاستنساخ المتوقفة
DNA replication is initiated at sites containing predefined DNA sequences known as origins of replication. DNA is unwound at these sites by the ...
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التحول الجينى
Other than maintaining genome stability via DNA repair, homologous recombination plays an important role in diversifying the genome. In fact, the ...
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نظرة عامة على انتقال واعادة تركيب
Transposons make up a significant part of genomes of various organisms. Therefore, it is believed that transposition played a major evolutionary role in ...
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الجين القافز فقط على الحمض النووى الريبوزى منزوع الاكسجين
DNA-only transposons are called autonomous transposons since they code for the enzyme transposase that is required for the transposition mechanism. ...
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الفيروس المرتد
Retroviruses and retrotransposons both insert copies of their genetic elements into the genome of the host cell. Thus, the viral genes are passed on when ...
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القافزات الارتدادية للمتكررات الطويلة الطرفية
LTR retrotransposons are class I transposable elements with long terminal repeats flanking an internal coding region. These elements are less abundant in ...
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القافزات الارتدادية لغير المتكررات الطويلة الطرفية
As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and ...
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اعادة تركيب محدد بالمواقع المحافظة و اختلاف الاطوار
Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic ...
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