Bölüm 7
DNA Tamiri ve Rekombinasyonu
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DNA Onarımı Özeti
In order to be passed through generations, genomic DNA must be undamaged and error-free. However, every day, DNA in a cell undergoes several thousand to a ...
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Baz Eksizyon Onarımı
One of the common DNA damages is the chemical alteration of single bases by alkylation, oxidation, or deamination. The altered bases cause mispairing and ...
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Yamalı Baz Eksizyon Onarımı
Since the discovery of the two BER pathways, there has been a debate about how a cell chooses one pathway over the other and the factors determining this ...
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Nükleotid Eksizyon Onarımı
Overview
Exposure to mutagens can damage DNA and result in bulky lesions that distort the double-helix structure or impede proper transcription. Damaged ...
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Translezyon DNA Polimerazları
Translesion (TLS) polymerases rescue stalled DNA polymerases at sites of damaged bases by replacing the replicative polymerase and installing a nucleotide ...
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Çift İplik Kopmalarının Onarımı
The double-stranded structure of DNA has two major advantages. First, it serves as a safe repository of genetic information where one strand serves as the ...
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DNA Hasarı Hücre Döngüsünü Durdurabilir
In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages ...
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Homolog Rekombinasyon
The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of ...
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Durmuş Replikasyon Çatalının Yeniden Başlatılması
DNA replication is initiated at sites containing predefined DNA sequences known as origins of replication. DNA is unwound at these sites by the ...
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Gen Konversiyonu
Other than maintaining genome stability via DNA repair, homologous recombination plays an important role in diversifying the genome. In fact, the ...
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Transpozisyon ve Rekombinasyona Genel Bakış
Transposons make up a significant part of genomes of various organisms. Therefore, it is believed that transposition played a major evolutionary role in ...
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DNA Transpozonları
DNA-only transposons are called autonomous transposons since they code for the enzyme transposase that is required for the transposition mechanism. ...
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Retrovirüsler
Retroviruses and retrotransposons both insert copies of their genetic elements into the genome of the host cell. Thus, the viral genes are passed on when ...
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LTR Retrotranspozonları
LTR retrotransposons are class I transposable elements with long terminal repeats flanking an internal coding region. These elements are less abundant in ...
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non-LTR Retrotranspozonları
As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and ...
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Konservatif Alan-spesifik Rekombinasyon ve Faz Varyasyonu
Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic ...
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