نود أن نشكر مارغريت Hulsker لمساعدتها التصوير الفوتوغرافي والمساعدة في الحصول على الصور من الفئران والمراجعين على تعليقاتها البناءة جدا. وأيد هذا العمل من قبل ZonMw، وعلاج، NMD (العقد رقم LSHM-CT-2006-036825) ومشروع الرئيسي دوشين.

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Disord. 17, 38-46 (2007).</li><li>van Putten, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+3+months+mild+functional+test+regime+does+not+affect+disease+parameters+in+young+mdx+mice.">A 3 months mild functional test regime does not affect disease parameters in young mdx mice.</a> Neuromuscul. Disord. 20, 273-280 (2010).</li><li>De Luca, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Gentamicin+treatment+in+exercised+mdx+mice:+Identification+of+dystrophin-sensitive+pathways+and+evaluation+of+efficacy+in+work-loaded+dystrophic+muscle.">Gentamicin treatment in exercised mdx mice: Identification of dystrophin-sensitive pathways and evaluation of efficacy in work-loaded dystrophic muscle.</a> Neurobiol. Dis. 32, 243-253 (2008).</li><li>Radley-Crabb, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+single+30min+treadmill+exercise+session+is+suitable+for+'proof-of+concept+studies'+in+adult+mdx+mice:+A+comparison+of+the+early+consequences+of+two+different+treadmill+protocols.">A single 30min treadmill exercise session is suitable for 'proof-of concept studies' in adult mdx mice: A comparison of the early consequences of two different treadmill protocols.</a> Neuromuscul. Disord. , (2011).</li><li>van Putten, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+effects+of+low+levels+of+dystrophin+on+mouse+muscle+function+and+pathology.">The effects of low levels of dystrophin on mouse muscle function and pathology.</a> PLoS.One. , (2012).</li><li>Willmann, R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Enhancing+translation:+Guidelines+for+standard+pre-clinical+experiments+in+mdx+mice.">Enhancing translation: Guidelines for standard pre-clinical experiments in mdx mice.</a> Neuromuscul. Disord. 1, 43-49 (2011).</li><li>Connolly, A. M., Keeling, R. M., Mehta, S., Pestronk, A., Sanes, J. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Three+mouse+models+of+muscular+dystrophy:+the+natural+history+of+strength+and+fatigue+in+dystrophin-,+dystrophin/utrophin-,+and+laminin+alpha2-deficient+mice.">Three mouse models of muscular dystrophy: the natural history of strength and fatigue in dystrophin-, dystrophin/utrophin-, and laminin alpha2-deficient mice.</a> Neuromuscul. Disord. 11, 703-712 (2001).</li><li>Rafael, J. A., Nitta, Y., Peters, J., Davies, K. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Testing+of+SHIRPA,+a+mouse+phenotypic+assessment+protocol+on+Dmd(mdx)+and+Dmd(mdx3cv)+dystrophin-deficient+mice.">Testing of SHIRPA, a mouse phenotypic assessment protocol on Dmd(mdx) and Dmd(mdx3cv) dystrophin-deficient mice.</a> Mamm. Genome. 11, 725-728 (2000).</li><li>Chapillon, P., Lalonde, R., Jones, N., Caston, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Early+development+of+synchronized+walking+on+the+rotorod+in+rats.+Effects+of+training+and+handling.">Early development of synchronized walking on the rotorod in rats. Effects of training and handling.</a> Behav. Brain Res. 93, 77-81 (1998).</li><li>Massett, M. P., Berk, B. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Strain-dependent+differences+in+responses+to+exercise+training+in+inbred+and+hybrid+mice.">Strain-dependent differences in responses to exercise training in inbred and hybrid mice.</a> Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. 288, 1006-1013 (2005).</li><li>Lerman, I., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Genetic+variability+in+forced+and+voluntary+endurance+exercise+performance+in+seven+inbred+mouse+strains.">Genetic variability in forced and voluntary endurance exercise performance in seven inbred mouse strains.</a> J. Appl. Physiol. 92, 2245-2255 (2002).</li><li>Sharp, P. S., Jee, H., Wells, D. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Physiological+characterization+of+muscle+strength+with+variable+levels+of+dystrophin+restoration+in+mdx+mice+following+local+antisense+therapy.">Physiological characterization of muscle strength with variable levels of dystrophin restoration in mdx mice following local antisense therapy.</a> Mol. Ther. 19, 165-171 (2011).</li><li>Klein, S. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Noninvasive+in+vivo+assessment+of+muscle+impairment+in+the+mdx+mouse+model--a+comparison+of+two+common+wire+hanging+methods+with+two+different+results.">Noninvasive in vivo assessment of muscle impairment in the mdx mouse model--a comparison of two common wire hanging methods with two different results.</a> J. Neurosci. Methods. 203, 292-297 (2012).</li></ol>

والكتاب ليس لديهم ما يكشف.

الاختبارات الفنية المعروضة هنا هي استنساخه، وسهلة لأداء وتنطبق على نوع البرية والفئران التصنع مستقلة عن سنهم. الاختبارات توفير أدوات مفيدة لتقييم ما قبل السريرية وظيفة العضلات، والقوة، والشرط، والتنسيق. عند اختبار آثار مركب على التاريخ الطبيعي للمرض، ووصف الاختبا...

ضمور العضلات دوشين (DMD) هو اضطراب عصبي عضلي الأكثر شيوعا التي تؤثر 1:5،000 الأولاد حديثي الولادة. ويتسبب هذا المرض الشديد والهزال العضلات التدريجي عن طريق الطفرات في الجين DMD التي تعطل الإطار القراءة المفتوحة ومنع تخليق البروتين الدستروفين الوظيفية. ألياف العضلات التي تفتقر إلى الدستروفين عرضة لممارسة الأضرار التي يسببها. عند استنفاد قدرة العضلات على التجدد، ويرجع ذلك إلى التهاب مزمن في العضلات التالفة، يتم استبدال الألياف عن طريق النسيج الضام والدهون، مما يؤدي لاحقا إلى فقدان وظيفة. عموما، والمرضى DMD تفقد التمشي في الأطراف السفلية في وقت مبكر من العقد الثاني. في وقت لاحق، وكذلك عضلات الذراعين والكتف حزام هي المتضررة والمرضى وغالبا ما تضع صدري قطني جنف بسبب ضعف في عضلات غير المتماثلة دعم الحبل الشوكي. التهوية المساعدة هو مطلوب عموما في أواخر سن المراهقة أو في أوائل العشرينات. الجهاز التنفسي وفشل القلب الرصاصحتى الموت في العقد الثالث أو الرابع 1. على الرغم من أن الجين المسبب للمرض تم اكتشافه منذ أكثر من 25 عاما 2، لا يوجد علاج متاح لDMD. ومع ذلك، وتحسين الرعاية الصحية واستخدام الكورتيزون وزيادة متوسط ​​العمر المتوقع في العالم الغربي 3. مع استخدام نماذج حيوانية مثل الماوس MDX، إلى الأمام خطوات كبيرة في اكتشاف استراتيجيات العلاجية المحتملة بذلت. الماوس MDX هو نموذج الفأر DMD الأكثر استخداما. لديها طفرة نقطة في اكسون 23 من الجينات DMD الفئران وبالتالي يفتقر الدستروفين 4. على مدى العامين الماضيين، قد حققت تقدما العديد من الاستراتيجيات المقترحة في التجارب السريرية 5-9. في هذه التجارب، وتحسين وظيفة العضلات هو نقطة النهاية الأولية، التي يقوم عليها أهمية اختبار فائدة من المركبات على وظيفة العضلات في الفئران خلال مرحلة ما قبل السريرية لاختبار. مثل DMDالمرضى، وأيضا الألياف العضلية السلبية الدستروفين من الفئران MDX عرضة للضرر الناجم عن ممارسة واختلال وظائف العضلات مقارنة C57BL/10ScSnJ الفئران نوع البرية. ويمكن تقييم هذا الانخفاض مع مجموعة متنوعة من الاختبارات الوظيفية. بعض هذه الاختبارات موسع ولا تتداخل مع أمراض العضلات (مثل forelimb قوة قبضة، واختبارات شنقا وrotarod تشغيل). وبالتالي يمكن أن تستخدم لرصد التاريخ الطبيعي للمرض أو تحديد آثار المركبات على تطور المرض. للحصول على الصورة في عمق تأثير المركبات على وظيفة العضلات في الفئران MDX، نظام اختبار وظيفي أن لا تتداخل مع تطور المرض تتكون من كل هذه التجارب يمكن استخدامها 10. بدلا من ذلك، اضطر تشغيل مفرغه يمكن استخدامها لتفاقم عمدا تطور المرض واختبار القدرات الوقائية للمركبات 11. ويمكن أيضا أن تكون حلقة مفرغةتستخدم قياس النتيجة التي تشغل الوقت حتى استنفاد يقاس 12، أو كأداة لالتعب الفئران MDX بحيث أداء أقل بشكل جيد في اختبار وظيفي لاحقة ضمان أكبر الاختلافات في الأداء بين مجموعات العلاج 13. عند اختيار الاختبارات الوظيفية، يجب أن تبقى تأثيرها على تطور المرض في الاعتبار خاصة عند اختبار الفئران التصنع مثل الماوس MDX 14. نحن هنا تصف بالتفصيل كيفية تنفيذ الاختبارات الوظيفية الأكثر استخداما بطريقة موثوق بها وقابلة للتكرار على أساس إجراءات التشغيل القياسية المتوفرة من شبكة TREAT NMD. <a href="http://www.treat-nmd.eu/resources/research-resources/dmd-sops/" target="_blank">اضغط هنا لزيارة TREAT-NMD</a> .

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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Mouse grip strength meter</td>
			<td style="width:331px;">Chatillon DFE (re-sold by Columbus Instruments)</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"># 80529</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Hanging wire 2 limbs device</td>
			<td style="width:331px;">Cloth hanger or custom made device</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Hanging wire 4 limbs device</td>
			<td style="width:331px;">Lid of rat cage or custom made device</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Rotarod</td>
			<td style="width:331px;">Ugo Basil</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"># 47600</td>
			<td></td>
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			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">Treadmill for mice Exer 3/6</td>
			<td style="width:331px;">Columbus Instruments</td>
			<td style="width:119px;"># 1055SRM</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

assessing functional performance in the mdx mouse model

ضمور العضلات دوشين (DMD) هو شديد في العضلات والهزال التدريجي اضطراب والتي لا يوجد علاج متاح. ومع ذلك، قد تقدمت العديد من المركبات الدوائية المحتملة والنهج العلاج الجيني في التجارب السريرية. مع تحسن في وظيفة العضلات كونها نقطة النهاية الأكثر أهمية في هذه التجارب، تم وضع الكثير من التركيز على إنشاء موثوق بها، قابلة للتكرار، وسهلة لأداء الاختبارات الوظيفية إلى ما قبل سريريا تقييم وظيفة عضلة، والقوة، والشرط، والتنسيق في MDX نموذج الفأر لDMD. تتوفر كل من اختبارات الغازية وغير الغازية. الاختبارات التي لا تؤدي إلى تفاقم المرض يمكن أن تستخدم لتحديد التاريخ الطبيعي للمرض وآثار التدخلات العلاجية (على سبيل المثال. اختبار قوة قبضة forelimb، اختبارين شنقا مختلفة سواء باستخدام الأسلاك أو شبكة وrotarod تشغيل). بدلا من ذلك، اضطر تشغيل مفرغه يمكن استخدامها لتعزيز تطور المرض و / أو تقييمآثار وقائية من التدخلات العلاجية في أمراض الأمراض. نحن هنا تصف كيفية أداء هذه الاختبارات الوظيفية الأكثر استخداما بطريقة موثوق بها وقابلة للتكرار. باستخدام هذه البروتوكولات على أساس إجراءات التشغيل القياسية تمكن مقارنة البيانات بين المختبرات المختلفة.

قوة قبضة forelimb من نوع البرية والفئران MDX يزيد تتراوح أعمارهم ما بين 4-12 أسابيع، ويقلل من جديد في الفئران الأكبر سنا. يمكن بالفعل لوحظ ضعف في القوة في الفئران MDX الشباب. وتظهر بيانات تمثيلية من الفئران الإناث 9 الاسبوع القديمة في أرقام 1A و 1 ب. ع?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Assessing Functional Performance in the Mdx Mouse Model at JoVE.com

Assessing Functional Performance in the Mdx Mouse Model

قياس النتيجة الأولية في التجارب السريرية لاضطرابات العصبية والعضلية وتحسين وظيفة العضلات عموما. وبالتالي، وتقييم تأثير المركبات العلاجية المحتملة على أداء العضلات سريريا قبل في نماذج الماوس هو من أهمية كبيرة. نحن هنا تصف عدة اختبارات وظيفية لمعالجة هذا الأمر.

تقييم الأداء الوظيفي في<em&gt; MDX</em&gt; نموذج الفأر

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a severe and progressive muscle wasting disorder for which no cure is available. Nevertheless, several potential ...

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Assessing Functional Performance in the Mdx Mouse Model

32.0K Views.  Leiden University Medical Center.  قياس النتيجة الأولية في التجارب السريرية لاضطرابات العصبية والعضلية وتحسين وظيفة العضلات عموما. وبالتالي، وتقييم تأثير المركبات العلاجية المحتملة على أداء العضلات سريريا قبل في نماذج الماوس هو من أهمية كبيرة. نحن هنا تصف عدة اختبارات وظ?...

Video: Assessing Functional Performance in the Mdx Mouse Model

A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance

The ability to adjust behavior to sudden changes in the environment develops gradually in childhood and adolescence. For example, in the Dimensional Change Card Sort task, participants switch from sorting cards one way, such as shape, to sorting them a different way, such as color. Adjusting behavior in this way exacts a small performance cost, or switch cost, such that responses are typically slower and more error-prone on switch trials in which the sorting rule changes as compared to repeat trials in which the sorting rule remains the same. The ability to flexibly adjust behavior is often said to develop gradually, in part because behavioral costs such as switch costs typically decrease with increasing age. Why aspects of higher-order cognition, such as behavioral flexibility, develop so gradually remains an open question. One hypothesis is that these changes occur in association with functional changes in broad-scale cognitive control networks. On this view, complex mental operations, such as switching, involve rapid interactions between several distributed brain regions, including those that update and maintain task rules, re-orient attention, and select behaviors. With development, functional connections between these regions strengthen, leading to faster and more efficient switching operations. The current video describes a method of testing this hypothesis through the collection and multivariate analysis of fMRI data from participants of different ages.

This video presents a method of examining age-related changes in functional connectivity of cognitive control networks engaged by targeted tasks/processes. The technique is based on multi-variate analysis of fMRI data.

منهج في التحقيق المتعلقة العمر الاختلافات في الربط الوظيفي للتحكم الشبكات المعرفية المرتبطة بتغير الأبعاد بطاقة الأداء ترتيب

The ability to adjust behavior to sudden changes in the environment develops gradually in childhood and adolescence. For example, in the Dimensional ...

The Emotional Stroop Task: Assessing Cognitive Performance under Exposure to Emotional Content

The emotional Stroop effect (ESE) is the result of longer naming latencies to ink colors of emotion words than to ink colors of neutral words. The difference shows that people are affected by the emotional content conveyed by the carrier words even though they are irrelevant to the color-naming task at hand. The ESE has been widely deployed with patient populations, as well as with non-selected populations, because the emotion words can be selected to match the tested pathology. The ESE is a powerful tool, yet it is vulnerable to various threats to its validity. This report refers to potential sources of confounding and includes a modal experiment that provides the means to control for them. The most prevalent threat to the validity of existing ESE studies is sustained effects and habituation wrought about by repeated exposure to emotion stimuli. Consequently, the order of exposure to emotion and neutral stimuli is of utmost importance. We show that in the standard design, only one specific order produces the ESE.

The emotional Stroop effect (ESE) is the result of longer naming latencies to ink colors of emotion words than those of neutral words. This report refers to potential sources of confounding and includes a modal experiment that provides the means to control for them.

وستروب العمل العاطفي: تقييم الأداء الإدراكي تحت التعرض إلى المحتوى العاطفي

The emotional Stroop effect (ESE) is the result of longer naming latencies to ink colors of emotion words than to ink colors of neutral words. The ...

The Rodent Psychomotor Vigilance Test (rPVT): A Method for Assessing Neurobehavioral Performance in Rats and Mice

The human Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT) is a widely used procedure for measuring changes in fatigue and sustained attention. The present article describes a rodent version of the PVT&#8212;termed the &#34;rPVT&#34;&#8212;that measures similar aspects of attention (i.e., performance accuracy, motor speed, premature responding, and lapses in attention). Data are presented that demonstrate both the short- and long-term usefulness of the rPVT when employed with laboratory rats. Rats easily learn the rPVT, and learning to perform the basic procedure takes less than two weeks of training. Once acquired, rat performances in the rPVT show a high degree of similarity to these same performance measures in the human PVT, including similarities in, lapses in attention, reaction times, vigilance decrements across session time (i.e., the human &#34;time-on-task&#34; effects), and the response-stimulus interval (RSI) effect described for humans. Thus the rPVT can be an extremely valuable tool for assessing the effects of a wide range of variables on sustained attention quite similar to human PVT performances, and thus can be useful for developing novel treatments for neurobehavioral dysfunctions.

The Rodent Psychomotor Vigilance Test rPVT: A Method for Assessing Neurobehavioral Performance in Rats and Mice

A rat version of the human Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT) is described that measures aspects of attention similar to those measured with the human PVT, including aspects of human vigilance such as performance accuracy, motor speed, premature responding, and lapses in attention.

القوارض النفسي اليقظة اختبار (rPVT): طريقة لتقييم السلوك العصبي الأداء في الجرذان والفئران

The human Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT) is a widely used procedure for measuring changes in fatigue and sustained attention. The present article ...

Assessing Spatial Memory Impairment in a Mouse Model of Traumatic Brain Injury Using a Radial Water Tread Maze

Despite the recent increase in use of mouse models in scientific research, researchers continue to use cognitive tasks that were originally designed and validated for rat use. The Radial Water Tread (RWT) maze test of spatial memory (designed specifically for mice and requiring no swimming) has been shown previously to successfully distinguish between controlled cortical impact-induced TBI mice and sham controls. Here, a detailed protocol for this task is presented. The RWT maze capitalizes on the natural tendency of mice to avoid open areas in favor of hugging the sides of an apparatus (thigmotaxis). The walls of the maze are lined with nine escape holes placed above the floor of the apparatus, and mice are trained to use visual cues to locate the escape hole that leads out of the maze. The maze is filled with an inch of cold water, sufficient to motivate escape but not deep enough to require that the mouse swim. The acquisition period takes only four training days, with a test of memory retention on day five and a long-term memory test on day 12. The results reported here suggest that the RWT maze is a feasible alternative to rat-validated, swimming-based cognitive tests in the assessment of spatial memory deficits in mouse models of TBI.

Here we present a protocol for a mouse-specific test of cognition that does not require swimming. This test can be used to successfully distinguish controlled cortical impact-induced traumatic brain injury mice from sham controls.

تقييم انخفاض الذاكرة المكانية في نموذج الماوس من إصابات الدماغ الصدمة باستخدام متاهة فقي المياه شعاعي

Despite the recent increase in use of mouse models in scientific research, researchers continue to use cognitive tasks that were originally designed and ...

Measuring Active and Passive Tameness Separately in Mice

Domesticated animals such as dogs and laboratory mice show a high level of tameness, which is important for humans to handle them easily. Tameness has two behavioral components: a reluctance to avoid humans (passive tameness) and a motivation to approach humans (active tameness). To quantify these components in mice, we previously developed behavioral tests for active tameness, passive tameness, and the willingness to stay on a human hand, each designed to be completed within 3 min. The data obtained were used for selective breeding, with a large number of mice analyzed per generation. The active tameness test measures the movement of the mouse toward a human hand and the contact it engages in. The passive tameness test measures the duration of time that a mouse tolerates human touch. In the stay-on-hand test, a mouse is placed on a human hand and touched slowly using the thumb of that hand; the duration of time that the animal remains on the hand is measured. Here, we describe the test set-up and apparatus, explain the procedures, and discuss the appropriate data analysis. Finally, we explain how to interpret the results.

Tameness in animals includes a reduction of avoidance responses to humans (passive tameness) and an increase in active approaches to humans (active tameness). Here, we describe detailed protocols for three behavioral tests (active tameness, passive tameness, and stay-on-hand tests) to separately measure the active and passive tameness of mice.

قياس تامينيس الإيجابي والسلبي بشكل منفصل في الفئران

Domesticated animals such as dogs and laboratory mice show a high level of tameness, which is important for humans to handle them easily. Tameness has two ...

Assessing the Coherence of Parents' Short Narratives Regarding their Child Using the Five-Minute Speech Sample Procedure

Valid and efficient measures for assessing the quality of parent-child relationships are needed to facilitate research and evidence-based practice with parents. This paper focuses on such a method, namely Five-Minute Speech Sample-Coherence (FMSS-Coherence). In this method, a parent is asked to speak for five uninterrupted minutes about her/his child and their relationship. The resulted narrative is coded for coherence, namely the extent to which the parent provides&#160;in the narrative&#160;a clear, consistent, multidimensional and well-supported portrayal of the child. FMSS-Coherence is based on attachment research that shows that the coherence of parents&#8217; narratives is indicative of the quality of the parent-child relationship and child adjustment. It overcomes the limitations of attachment narrative measures which are typically labor intensive. FMSS-Coherence is less nuanced than extant attachment narrative measures. Yet, studies of families from different cultural backgrounds, across different child ages and in the context of typically developing children as well as children with special needs suggest that coherence can be reliably evaluated using the FMSS procedure. Furthermore, parents&#8217; FMSS-Coherence is associated with parenting quality and children&#8217;s socio-emotional adjustment. Thus, it holds promise for researchers and practitioners who seek a relatively time- and cost-effective method for assessing the coherence of parents&#8217; narratives regarding their child.

Assessing the Coherence of Parents&#039; Short Narratives Regarding their Child Using the Five-Minute Speech Sample Procedure

This paper introduces a method for assessing the coherence of parents' short narratives regarding their child and their relationship using the five-minute speech sample procedure.

تقييم اتساق الروايات القصيرة للوالدين فيما يتعلق بأطفالهم باستخدام إجراء عينة الكلام لمدة خمس دقائق

Valid and efficient measures for assessing the quality of parent-child relationships are needed to facilitate research and evidence-based practice with ...

A Task for Assessing the Impact of a Partner on the Speed and Accuracy of Motor Performance in Rats

To our knowledge, no study has examined the effect of mere presence on accuracy of performance in animals. Therefore, we developed an experimental task to measure rats&#8217; motor performance (speed and accuracy) in a social condition. Rats were trained to run on a runway and pull down a lever at the end of the runway. In testing, rats performed the task solitarily (single) or in the presence of a confederate rat beyond the lever (pair or a social condition). As indices of the performance speed, we measured the time needed to start running, run through the runway, and pull down the lever. As the index of performance accuracy, we counted the number of trials in which rats could pull down the lever during their first attempt. One-way and two-way repeated-measure analyses of variance were used to analyze the data. This run-and-pull task enabled us to examine the effect of the presence of another conspecific on both speed and accuracy of motor performance in one experiment. The results showed that rats performed the task faster but less accurately in pair sessions than in single sessions. This protocol would be a valid animal model to examine the effect of mere presence on speed and accuracy of motor performance in rats.

A procedure to measure the speed and accuracy of rats&rsquo; motor performance in a social condition is described. The protocol enables us to investigate the effect of the mere presence of others on speed and accuracy of motor performance in one experiment.

مهمة لتقييم تاثير الشريك علي سرعه ودقه أداء المحرك في الفئران

To our knowledge, no study has examined the effect of mere presence on accuracy of performance in animals. Therefore, we developed an experimental task to ...

Training Dogs for Awake, Unrestrained Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

We present a canine functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) training protocol that can be done in a cost-effective manner, with high-energy dogs, for acquisition of functional and structural data. This method of training dogs for awake, unrestrained fMRI employs a generalization procedure of stationing in several dissimilar locations to facilitate transfer of the stationing behavior to the real MRI scan environment; it does so without the need for extensive training time in the MRI scan environment, which can be expensive. Further, this method splits the training of a stationing (i.e., chin rest) behavior from desensitization to the MRI environment (i.e., 100+ decibel scan audio), the latter accomplished during dedicated Auditory Exposure conditioning sessions. The complete training and testing protocol required 14 hours and resulted in immediate transfer to novel locations. We also present examples of canine fMRI data that have been acquired from visual face processing and olfactory discrimination paradigms.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on unrestrained awake dogs is a new method with several advantages over imaging with physical or chemical restraint. This protocol introduces a cost-effective training method that minimizes training in the MRI environment, which can be expensive, and maximizes the subject pool available for canine functional MRI.

تدريب الكلاب لمستيقظا ، غير مقيد وظيفية التصوير بالرنين المغناطيسي

We present a canine functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) training protocol that can be done in a cost-effective manner, with high-energy dogs, for ...

Human Circadian Phenotyping and Diurnal Performance Testing in the Real World

In our continuously developing &#39;around the clock&#39; society, there is a need to increase our understanding of how changes in biology, physiology and psychology influence our health and performance. Embedded within this challenge, is the increasing need to account for individual differences in sleep and circadian rhythms, as well as to explore the impact of time of day on performance in the real world. There are a number of ways to measure sleep and circadian rhythms from subjective questionnaire-based methods to objective sleep/wake monitoring, actigraphy and analysis of biological samples. This paper proposes a protocol that combines multiple techniques to categorize individuals into Early, Intermediate or Late circadian phenotype groups (ECPs/ICPs/LCPs) and recommends how to conduct diurnal performance testing in the field. Representative results show large differences in rest-activity patterns derived from actigraphy, circadian phase (dim light melatonin onset and peak time of cortisol awakening response) between circadian phenotypes. In addition, significant differences in diurnal performance rhythms between ECPs and LCPs emphasizes the need to account for circadian phenotype. In summary, despite the difficulties in controlling influencing factors, this protocol allows a real-world assessment of the impact of circadian phenotype on performance. This paper presents a simple method to assess circadian phenotype in the field and supports the need to consider time of day when designing performance studies.

Here, we present a method to investigate diurnal rhythms in performance following accurate categorization of participants into circadian phenotype groups based on the Munich ChronoType Questionnaire, gold standard circadian phase biomarkers and actigraphic measures.

الإنسان Circadian Phenotyping واختبار الأداء اليومي في العالم الحقيقي

In our continuously developing &#39;around the clock&#39; society, there is a need to increase our understanding of how changes in biology, physiology and ...

Evaluation of the Cognitive Performance of Hypertensive Patients with Silent Cerebrovascular Lesions

Evidence accumulated from the last decade has proven that silent cerebrovascular lesions (SCLs) and their underlying pathogenic processes contribute to cognitive decline in the elderly. However, the distinct effects of each type of the lesions on cognitive performance remain unclear. Moreover, research data from Chinese elderly with SCLs is scarce. In this study, 398 otherwise healthy hypertensive elderly subjects (median age 72 years) were included and assessed. All participates were required to complete a battery of structured neuropsychological assessment, including forward and backward digit span tests, symbol digit modalities test, Stroop test, verbal fluency test and Montreal Cognitive Assessment. These tests were used to assess attention, executive function, information processing speed, language, memory and visuospatial function. A multi-sequence 3T MRI scanning was arranged within one month of the neuropsychological assessment to evaluate the burden of SCLs. SCLs were rated visually. Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) and silent lacunes (SLs) were identified as strictly lobar CMBs and SLs or deep CMBs and SLs according to their locations, respectively. Similarly, white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) were separated into periventricular WMHs (PVHs) and deep WMHs (DWMHs). A series of linear regression models were used to assess the correlation between each type of SCLs and individual cognitive function domain. The results showed that CMBs tend to impair language-related cognition. Deep SLs affect executive function, but this association disappeared after controlling for other types of SCLs. PVHs, rather than DWMHs, are associated with cognitive decline, especially in executive function and processing speed. It is concluded that different aspects of SCLs have differential impact on cognitive performance in hypertensive elderly Chinese.

Here, we present a protocol to assess whether various types of silent cerebrovascular lesions are differentially associated with deficits in certain cognitive domains in a cohort of 398 hypertensive elderly Chinese, using a combination of neuropsychological tests and multi-sequence 3T MRI scanning.

تقييم الأداء المعرفي لمرضى ارتفاع ضغط الدم الذين يعانون من الآفات الدماغية الوعائية الصامتة

Evidence accumulated from the last decade has proven that silent cerebrovascular lesions (SCLs) and their underlying pathogenic processes contribute to ...