<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>用于研究溃疡性结肠炎发病机制和治疗的实验性贮袋炎大鼠模型

<ol>
	<li>Yang, M. L., Brar, M. S., Kennedy, E. D., De Buck Van Overstraeten, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Laparoscopic+versus+transanal+IPAA+for+ulcerative+colitis:+A+patient-centered+treatment+trade-off+study.">Laparoscopic versus transanal IPAA for ulcerative colitis: A patient-centered treatment trade-off study.</a> Dis Colon Rectum. 67 (1), 107-113 (2024).</li><li>Aktas, M. K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Current+status+and+surgical+technique+for+restorative+proctocolectomy+with+ileal+pouch-anal+anastomosis.">Current status and surgical technique for restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis.</a> Balkan Med J. 40 (4), 236-243 (2023).</li><li>Zhao, L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Microbiota+DNA+translocation+into+mesentery+lymph+nodes+is+associated+with+early+development+of+pouchitis+after+ipaa+for+ulcerative+colitis.">Microbiota DNA translocation into mesentery lymph nodes is associated with early development of pouchitis after ipaa for ulcerative colitis.</a> Diseases of the Colon &amp; Rectum. 66 (11), e1107-e1118 (2022).</li><li>Ng, S. C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Worldwide+incidence+and+prevalence+of+inflammatory+bowel+disease+in+the+21st+century:+A+systematic+review+of+population-based+studies.">Worldwide incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease in the 21st century: A systematic review of population-based studies.</a> Lancet. 390 (10114), 2769-2778 (2017).</li><li>Pardi, D. S., D'haens, G., Shen, B., Campbell, S., Gionchetti, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Clinical+guidelines+for+the+management+of+pouchitis.">Clinical guidelines for the management of pouchitis.</a> Inflamm Bowel Dis. 15 (9), 1424-1431 (2009).</li><li>Shen, B., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Treatment+of+pouchitis,+Crohn's+disease,+cuffitis,+and+other+inflammatory+disorders+of+the+pouch:+Consensus+guidelines+from+the+international+ileal+pouch+consortium.">Treatment of pouchitis, Crohn's disease, cuffitis, and other inflammatory disorders of the pouch: Consensus guidelines from the international ileal pouch consortium.</a> Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 7 (1), 69-95 (2022).</li><li>Dalal, R. L., Shen, B., Schwartz, D. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Management+of+pouchitis+and+other+common+complications+of+the+pouch.">Management of pouchitis and other common complications of the pouch.</a> Inflamm Bowel Dis. 24 (5), 989-996 (2018).</li><li>Li, K. Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+new+rat+model+of+pouchitis+after+proctocolectomy+and+ileal+pouch-anal+anastomosis+using+2,4,6-trinitrobenzene+sulfonic+acid.">A new rat model of pouchitis after proctocolectomy and ileal pouch-anal anastomosis using 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid.</a> J Gastrointest Surg. 25 (6), 1524-1533 (2021).</li><li>Drzymala-Czyz, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Discrepancy+between+clinical+and+histological+effects+of+dha+supplementation+in+a+rat+model+of+pouchitis.">Discrepancy between clinical and histological effects of dha supplementation in a rat model of pouchitis.</a> Folia Histochem Cytobiol. 50 (1), 125-129 (2012).</li><li>Santiago, P., Barnes, E. L., Raffals, L. E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Classification+and+management+of+disorders+of+the+J+pouch.">Classification and management of disorders of the J pouch.</a> Am J Gastroenterol. 118 (11), 1931-1939 (2023).</li><li>Lichtman, S. N., Wang, J., Hummel, B., Lacey, S., Sartor, R. B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+rat+model+of+ileal+pouch-rectal+anastomosis.">A rat model of ileal pouch-rectal anastomosis.</a> Inflamm Bowel Dis. 4 (3), 187-195 (1998).</li><li>Guarner, F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Inulin+and+oligofructose:+Impact+on+intestinal+diseases+and+disorders.">Inulin and oligofructose: Impact on intestinal diseases and disorders.</a> Br J Nutr. 93, S61-S65 (2005).</li><li>Kim, C. J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=L-tryptophan+exhibits+therapeutic+function+in+a+porcine+model+of+dextran+sodium+sulfate+(DSS)-induced+colitis.">L-tryptophan exhibits therapeutic function in a porcine model of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis.</a> J Nutr Biochem. 21 (6), 468-475 (2010).</li><li>Valatas, V., Bamias, G., Kolios, G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Experimental+colitis+models:+Insights+into+the+pathogenesis+of+inflammatory+bowel+disease+and+translational+issues.">Experimental colitis models: Insights into the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease and translational issues.</a> Eur J Pharmacol. 759, 253-264 (2015).</li><li>Letson, H. L., Morris, J., Biros, E., Dobson, G. P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Conventional+and+specific-pathogen+free+rats+respond+differently+to+anesthesia+and+surgical+trauma.">Conventional and specific-pathogen free rats respond differently to anesthesia and surgical trauma.</a> Sci Rep. 9 (1), 9399 (2019).</li><li>Gu, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Saccharomyces+boulardii,+a+yeast+probiotic,+inhibits+gut+motility+through+upregulating+intestinal+serotonin+transporter+and+modulating+gut+microbiota.">Saccharomyces boulardii, a yeast probiotic, inhibits gut motility through upregulating intestinal serotonin transporter and modulating gut microbiota.</a> Pharmacol Res. 181, 106291 (2022).</li><li>Akiyama, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Endoscopic+phenotype+of+the+j+pouch+in+patients+with+inflammatory+bowel+disease:+A+new+classification+for+pouch+outcomes.">Endoscopic phenotype of the j pouch in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A new classification for pouch outcomes.</a> Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 20 (2), 293-302 (2022).</li><li>Hata, K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Pouchitis+after+ileal+pouch-anal+anastomosis+in+ulcerative+colitis:+Diagnosis,+management,+risk+factors,+and+incidence.">Pouchitis after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis in ulcerative colitis: Diagnosis, management, risk factors, and incidence.</a> Dig Endosc. 29 (1), 26-34 (2017).</li><li>Gallo, G., Kotze, P. G., Spinelli, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Surgery+in+ulcerative+colitis:+When?+How.">Surgery in ulcerative colitis: When? How.</a> Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 32-33, 71-78 (2018).</li><li>Parks, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Proctocolectomy+without+ileostomy+for+ulcerative+colitis.">Proctocolectomy without ileostomy for ulcerative colitis.</a> BMJ. 2, 85-88 (1978).</li><li>Shebani, K. O., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Pouchitis+in+a+rat+model+of+ileal+J+pouch-anal+anastomosis.">Pouchitis in a rat model of ileal J pouch-anal anastomosis.</a> Inflamm Bowel Dis. 8 (1), 23-34 (2002).</li></ol>

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Anhydrous ethanol</td>
			<td>Tianjin Fengchuan Chemical Reagent Technology Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>China</td>
			<td>Hematoxin-eosin Staining</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Dextran Sulfate Sodium&#160;</td>
			<td>&#160;Yeasen&#160;</td>
			<td>60316ES76</td>
			<td>Used to induce pouch inflammation</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Formaldehyde solution</td>
			<td>Tianjin Zhiyuan Reagent Company</td>
			<td>China</td>
			<td>Hematoxin-eosin Staining</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Gauze</td>
			<td>Jiangxi Zhonggan Medical Equipment Company</td>
			<td>China</td>
			<td>Used for animal microsurgery</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Hematoxylin</td>
			<td>Beijing Zhongshan Jinqiao Company</td>
			<td>China</td>
			<td>Hematoxin-eosin Staining</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Interferon &#947;&#160; Detection reagent kit</td>
			<td>Cloud-clone</td>
			<td>SEA049Ra</td>
			<td>Detecting inflammatory factors</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Interleukin-10 detection kit</td>
			<td>Cloud-clone</td>
			<td>SEA056Ra</td>
			<td>Detecting inflammatory factors</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Interleukin-17 detection kit</td>
			<td>Cloud-clone</td>
			<td>SEA063Ra</td>
			<td>Detecting inflammatory factors</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Interleukin-6 detection kit</td>
			<td>Cloud-clone</td>
			<td>SEA079Ra</td>
			<td>Detecting inflammatory factors</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Iodophor</td>
			<td>Tangpai Medical Equipment Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>China</td>
			<td>Used for animal microsurgery</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Microscopic manipulation instruments</td>
			<td>Aesculap</td>
			<td>Germany</td>
			<td>Used for animal microsurgery</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Occludin</td>
			<td>abcam</td>
			<td>ab216327</td>
			<td>Immunohistochemical testing</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sewing needle</td>
			<td>Yangzhou Fuda Medical Equipment Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>China</td>
			<td>Used for animal microsurgery</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>tumor necrosis factor &#945; Detection reagent kit</td>
			<td>Cloud-clone</td>
			<td>SEA133Ra</td>
			<td>Detecting inflammatory factors</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Two person binocular surgical microscope</td>
			<td>OPTON</td>
			<td>Germany</td>
			<td>Used for animal microsurgery</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Xylene</td>
			<td>Tianjin Yingda Rare and Precious Reagent Factory</td>
			<td>China</td>
			<td>Hematoxin-eosin Staining</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

a rat model of pouchitis following proctocolectomy and ileal pouch-anal anastomosis using dextran sulfate sodium

<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>作者聚焦：开发用于贮袋炎研究和治疗的大鼠模型

直肠结肠切除术和使用硫酸葡聚糖钠的回肠贮袋肛门吻合术后贮袋炎大鼠模型

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic immune-mediated disease that affects the entire colon and rectum with a relapsing and remitting course, causing ...

a-rat-model-pouchitis-following-proctocolectomy-ileal-pouch-anal

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

A Rat Model of Pouchitis Following Proctocolectomy and Ileal Pouch-Anal Anastomosis Using Dextran Sulfate Sodium

257 次观看.  Tianjin Medical University General Hospital. 由于对贮袋炎进行临床试验存在挑战，动物模型可以作为研究贮袋炎药物及其机制的宝贵工具。该协议描述了建立贮袋炎大鼠模型的方法。这种贮袋炎的实验动物模型为研究该病的发病机制和治疗提供了基础。凭借以前在小鼠喂养和 IPAA 手术建模方面的经验，将学习曲线压缩到大约 10 名受试者是可行的。此过程的一个关键步骤是 J 型贮袋的构?...

视频: 作者聚焦：开发用于贮袋炎研究和治疗的大鼠模型

Modeling Colitis-Associated Cancer with Azoxymethane (AOM) and Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS)

Individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), such as Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) are at increased risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC) over healthy individuals. This risk is proportional to the duration and extent of disease, with a cumulative incidence as high as 30% in individuals with longstanding UC with widespread colonic involvement.1 Colonic dysplasia in IBD and colitis associated cancer (CAC) are believed to develop as a result of repeated cycles of epithelial cell injury and repair while these cells are bathed in a chronic inflammatory cytokine milieu.2 While spontaneous and colitis-associated cancers share the quality of being adenocarcinomas, the sequence of underlying molecular events is believed to be different.3 This distinction argues the need for specific animal models of CAC.
Several mouse models currently exist for the study of CAC. Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), an agent with direct toxic effects on the colonic epithelium, can be administered in drinking water to mice in multiple cycles to create a chronic inflammatory state. With sufficient duration, some of these mice will develop tumors.4 Tumor development is hastened in this model if administered in a pro-carcinogenic setting. These include mice with genetic mutations in tumorigenesis pathways (APC, p53, Msh2), as well as mice pre-treated with genotoxic agents (azoxymethane [AOM], 1,2-dimethylhydrazine [DMH]).5 
The combination of DSS with AOM as a model for colitis associated cancer has gained popularity for its reproducibility, potency, low price, and ease of use. Though they have a shared mechanism, AOM has been found to be more potent and stable in solution than DMH. While tumor development in other models generally requires several months, mice injected with AOM and subsequently treated with DSS develop adequate tumors in as little as 7-10 weeks.6, 7 Finally, AOM and DSS can be administered to mice of any genetic background (knock out, transgenic, etc.) without cross-breeding to a specific tumorigenic strain. Here, we demonstrate a protocol for inflammation-driven colonic tumorigenesis in mice utilizing a single injection of AOM followed by three seven-day cycles of DSS over a 10 week period. This model induces tumors with histological and molecular changes closely resembling those occurring in human CAC and provides a highly valuable model for the study of oncogenesis and chemoprevention in this disease.8

Modeling Colitis-Associated Cancer with Azoxymethane AOM and Dextran Sulfate Sodium DSS

We demonstrate a protocol in which administration of the genotoxic agent azoxymethane (AOM) followed by three cycles of the pro-inflammatory agent dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) rapidly and consistently generates colon tumors in mice with morphologic and molecular similarities to those seen in human colitis-associated cancer.

建模结肠炎相关的癌症与​​氧化偶氮甲烷（AOM）和葡聚糖硫酸钠（DSS）

Individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), such as Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) are at increased risk of developing colorectal ...

科研

医学

Retinal Detachment Model in Rodents by Subretinal Injection of Sodium Hyaluronate

Subretinal injection of sodium hyaluronate is a widely accepted method of inducing retinal detachment (RD). However, the height and duration of RD or the occurrence of subretinal hemorrhage can affect photoreceptor cell death in the detached retina. Hence, it is advantageous to create reproducible RDs without subretinal hemorrhage for evaluating photoreceptor cell death. We modified a previously reported method to create bullous and persistent RDs in a reproducible location with rare occurrence of subretinal hemorrhage. The critical step of this modified method is the creation of a self-sealing scleral incision, which can prevent leakage of sodium hyaluronate after injection into the subretinal space. To make the self-sealing scleral incision, a scleral tunnel is created, followed by scleral penetration into the choroid with a 30 G needle. Although choroidal hemorrhage may occur during this step, astriction with a surgical spear reduces the rate of choroidal hemorrhage. This method allows a more reproducible and reliable model of photoreceptor death in diseases that involve RD such as rhegmatogenous RD, retinopathy of prematurity, diabetic retinopathy, central serous chorioretinopathy, and age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Creating experimental retinal detachments with a reproducible and sustained height of detachment, and without subretinal hemorrhage, is important for studying the pathophysiology of photoreceptor cell loss in retinal disease and evaluating potential therapeutic interventions. Here, we report such a method in detail.

视网膜脱离模型鼠害由透明质酸钠的视网膜下注射

Subretinal injection of sodium hyaluronate is a widely accepted method of inducing retinal detachment (RD). However, the height and duration of RD or the ...

Method of Direct Segmental Intra-hepatic Delivery Using a Rat Liver Hilar Clamp Model

Major hepatic surgery with inflow occlusion, and liver transplantation, necessitate a period of warm ischemia, and a period of reperfusion leading to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury with myriad negative consequences. Potential I/R injury in marginal organs destined for liver transplantation contributes to the current donor shortage secondary to a decreased organ utilization rate. A significant need exists to explore hepatic I/R injury in order to mediate its impact on graft function in transplantation. Rat liver hilar clamp models are used to investigate the impact of different molecules on hepatic I/R injury. Depending on the model, these molecules have been delivered using inhalation, epidural infusion, intraperitoneal injection, intravenous administration or injection into the peripheral superior mesenteric vein. A rat liver hilar clamp model has been developed for use in studying the impact of pharmacologic molecules in ameliorating I/R injury. The described model for rat liver hilar clamp includes direct cannulation of the portal supply to the ischemic hepatic segment via a side branch of the portal vein, allowing for direct segmental hepatic delivery. Our approach is to induce ischemia in the left lateral and median lobes for 60 min, during which time the substance under study is infused. In this case, pegylated-superoxide dismutase (PEG-SOD), a free radical scavenger, is infused directly into the ischemic segment. This series of experiments demonstrates that infusion of PEG-SOD is protective against hepatic I/R injury. Advantages of this approach include direct injection of the molecule into the ischemic segment with consequent decrease in volume of distribution and reduction in systemic side effects.

A unique rat liver hilar clamp model was developed for studying the impact of pharmacologic molecules in ameliorating ischemia-reperfusion injury. This model includes direct cannulation of the portal supply to the ischemic liver segment via a branch of the portal vein, allowing for direct hepatic delivery.

直接节段性肝内交付使用大鼠肝门部夹具模型方法

Major hepatic surgery with inflow occlusion, and liver transplantation, necessitate a period of warm ischemia, and a period of reperfusion leading to ...

Reproducible Motor Deficit Following Aortic Occlusion in a Rat Model Of Spinal Cord Ischemia

Spinal cord ischemia is a fatal complication following thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm surgery. Researchers can investigate the strategies for preventing and treating this complication using experimental models of spinal cord ischemia. The model described here demonstrates varying degrees of paraplegia that relate to the length of occlusion following thoracic aortic occlusion in a rat spinal cord ischemia model.
A 2-Fr. balloon-tipped catheter was advanced through the femoral artery into the descending thoracic aorta until the catheter tip was placed at the left subclavian artery in anesthetized male Sprague-Dawley rats. Spinal cord ischemia was induced by inflating the catheter balloon. After a set period of occlusion (9, 10, or 11 min), the balloon was deflated. Neurologic assessment was performed using the motor deficit index at 24 h after surgery, and the spinal cord was harvested for histopathological examination.
Rats that underwent 9 min of aortic occlusion showed mild and reversible motor impairment in the hind limb. Rats subjected to 10 min of aortic occlusion presented with moderate but reversible motor impairment. Rats subjected to 11 min of aortic occlusion displayed complete and persistent paralysis. The motor neurons in the spinal cord sections were more preserved in rats subjected to shorter duration of aortic occlusion.
Researchers can achieve a reproducible hind limb motor deficit following thoracic aortic occlusion using this spinal cord ischemia model.

This study demonstrates the technique to make a minimally invasive and easily reproducible model of spinal cord ischemia in rats. Various degrees of hind limb motor deficit can be produced by controlling the aortic occlusion time.

主动脉阻塞后脊髓缺血大鼠模型中的可再生电机缺陷

Spinal cord ischemia is a fatal complication following thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm surgery. Researchers can investigate the strategies for preventing ...

A Rat Model of Orthotopic Liver Transplantation Using a Novel Magnetic Anastomosis Technique for Suprahepatic Vena Cava Reconstruction

The rat model of orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) is essential for transplant research. It is a very sophisticated animal model and requires a steep learning curve. The introduction of the cuff technique for anastomosis of the portal vein (PV) and infrahepatic vena cava (IHVC) has significantly simplified the transplant procedure in rats. However, due to the short anterior wall of the recipients' suprahepatic vena cava (SHVC), the cuff technique is very difficult to use for the reconstruction of the SHVC. Most researchers in this field still use the hand-suture technique for SHVC reconstruction, which makes it the bottleneck step in rat orthotopic liver transplantation. The magnetic anastomosis technique (i.e., magnamosis) is a method of connecting two vessels using the attractive force between two magnets. Our recent study has shown that the magnetic anastomosis technique is superior to the hand-suture technique for SHVC reconstruction in rats. In this article, we show a step-by-step protocol for SHVC reconstruction in rats using the novel magnetic anastomosis technique. In this model, the reconstruction of the PV and IHVC was performed by the standard cuff technique, while the reconstruction of the bile duct (BD) was performed by a stent technique. The hepatic re-arterialization was not performed. The magnetic anastomosis technique made SHVC reconstruction much easier and significantly shortened the anphepatic phase. After a reasonable learning curve, even researchers without advanced microsurgical skills can produce reliable and reproducible results using this rat model of OLT.

The reconstruction of the suprahepatic vena cava (SHVC) remains a difficult step in rat orthotopic liver transplantation. In this article, we show a step-by-step protocol for SHVC reconstruction in rats using a novel magnetic anastomosis technique.

应用新型磁吻合技术 Suprahepatic 腔静脉重建大鼠原位肝移植模型的研究

The rat model of orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) is essential for transplant research. It is a very sophisticated animal model and requires a steep ...

Isometric Contractility Measurement of the Mouse Mesenteric Artery Using Wire Myography

The wire myograph technique is used to assess the contractility of vascular smooth muscles in response to depolarization, GPCR agonists/inhibitors and drugs. It is widely used in many studies on the physiological functions of vascular smooth muscle, the pathogenesis of vascular diseases such as hypertension, and the development of smooth muscle relaxant drugs. The mouse is a widely used model animal with a large pool of disease models and genetically modified strains. We introduced this method to measure the isometric contraction of mouse mesenteric artery in detail. A 1.4-mm segment of mouse mesenteric resistance artery was isolated and mounted on a myograph chamber by passing two steel wires through its lumen. After equilibration and normalization steps, the vessel segment was potentiated by a high-K+ solution twice prior to the contraction assay. As an example of the application of this method in drug development, we measured the relaxant effect of a novel natural substance, neoliensinine, isolated from a Chinese herb, embryos of the lotus seed (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) on mouse mesenteric arteries. The vessel segments mounted on the myograph chamber were stimulated with a high-K+ solution. When the force tension reached a stable sustained phase, cumulative doses of neoliensinine were added to the chamber. We found that neoliensinine had a dose-dependent relaxant effect on smooth muscle contraction, thus suggesting that it bears potential activity against hypertension. In addition, as the vessel segment can survive at least 4 hours after mounting and maintain contractility induced by the high-K+ solution for many times, we suggest that the wire myograph system may be used for the time-consuming process of drug screening.

The wire myograph technique is used to investigate vascular smooth muscle functions and screen new drugs. We report a detailed protocol for measuring the isometric contractility of the mouse mesenteric artery and for screening new relaxants of vascular smooth muscle.

用线 Myography 测定小鼠肠系膜动脉的等轴收缩力

The wire myograph technique is used to assess the contractility of vascular smooth muscles in response to depolarization, GPCR agonists/inhibitors and ...

Creation of Colonic Anastomosis in Mice

Intestinal anastomoses are commonly performed in both elective and emergent operations. Even so, anastomotic leaks are a highly feared complications of colonic surgeries and can occur in up to 26% of surgical anastomoses, with mortality being up to 39% for patients with such a leak. Currently, there remains a paucity of data detailing the cellular mechanisms of anastomotic healing. Devising preventative strategies and treatment modalities for anastomotic leak could be greatly potentiated by a better understanding of appropriate anastomotic healing.
A murine model is ideal as previous studies have shown that the murine anastomosis is the most clinically similar to the human case as compared with other animal models. We offer an easily reproducible murine model of colonic anastomosis in mice that will allow for further illustration of anastomotic healing.

Anastomotic leak or breakdown after surgery is a major cause of postoperative morbidity and mortality. Our surgery for creating a colonic anastomosis is a reliable and reproducible method for studying the healing mechanisms of anastomoses.

小鼠结肠吻合术的建立

Intestinal anastomoses are commonly performed in both elective and emergent operations. Even so, anastomotic leaks are a highly feared complications of ...

Acupuncture in a Rat Model of Asthma

A high platform can fix rats without restriction and completely expose the acupoints on the back during acupuncture manipulation. This article describes methods for the fabrication of the high platform, establishes a rat model of asthma and measures changes in respiratory function using a noninvasive and real-time whole-body plethysmography (WBP) system.

哮喘鼠模型中的针灸

A high platform can fix rats without restriction and completely expose the acupoints on the back during acupuncture manipulation. This article describes ...

Establishment of a Mouse Severe Acute Pancreatitis Model using Retrograde Injection of Sodium Taurocholate into the Biliopancreatic Duct

The prevalence of acute pancreatitis (AP), especially severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), is increasing in younger age groups annually. However, there is a lack of effective treatments in the current clinical practice. With the easy accessibility of transgenic and knockout strains and their small size, which allows minimal doses of drugs required for in vivo evaluation, a well-established experimental model in mice is preferred for AP research. Moreover, SAP induced through sodium taurocholate (TC) is currently one of the most widely used and best characterized models. This model has been investigated for novel therapies and possible molecular events during the process of AP. Here, we present the generation of an AP mouse model using sodium taurocholate and a simple homemade microsyringe. Moreover, we also provide the methodology for the subsequent histology and serological testing.

A mouse model of severe acute pancreatitis is described herein. The procedure presented here is very rapid, simple, and accessible, thereby potentially allowing the study of the molecular mechanisms and different therapeutic interventions in acute pancreatitis in a convenient way.

建立小鼠重症急性胰腺炎模型，将牛磺胆酸钠逆行注射到胆胰管中

The prevalence of acute pancreatitis (AP), especially severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), is increasing in younger age groups annually. However, there is a ...

Development of a Uterosacral Ligament Suspension Rat Model

Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a common pelvic floor disorder (PFD) with the potential to significantly impact a woman's quality of life. Approximately 10%-20% of women undergo pelvic floor repair surgery to treat prolapse in the United States. PFD cases result in an overall $26.3 billion annual cost in the United States alone. This multifactorial condition has a negative impact on the quality of life and yet the treatment options have only dwindled in the recent past. One common surgical option is uterosacral ligament suspension (USLS), which is typically performed by affixing the vaginal vault to the uterosacral ligament in the pelvis. This repair has a lower incidence of complications compared to those with mesh augmentation, but is notable for a relatively high failure rate of up to 40%. Considering the lack of standard animal models to study pelvic floor dysfunction, there is an urgent clinical need for innovation in this field with a focus on developing cost-effective and accessible animal models. In this manuscript, we describe a rat model of USLS involving a complete hysterectomy followed by fixation of the remaining vaginal vault to the uterosacral ligament. The goal of this model is to mimic the procedure performed on women to be able to use the model to then investigate reparative strategies that improve the mechanical integrity of the ligament attachment. Importantly, we also describe the development of an in situ tensile testing procedure to characterize interface integrity at chosen time points following surgical intervention. Overall, this model will be a useful tool for future studies that investigate treatment options for POP repair via USLS.

Pelvic organ prolapse affects millions of women worldwide and yet some common surgical interventions have failure rates as high as 40%. The lack of standard animal models to investigate this condition impedes progress. We propose the following protocol as a model for uterosacral ligament suspension and in vivo tensile testing.

子宫骶韧带悬浮大鼠模型的开发

Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a common pelvic floor disorder (PFD) with the potential to significantly impact a woman's quality of life. Approximately ...