不是由资金支持本次审查。我们thankSanypet温泉（帕多瓦，意大利），用于提供亲切的膳食补充剂和安慰剂在这项研究中使用。我们也感谢圣帕特里尼亚诺社区恳请参与了这项研究通过提供所有的狗。

本临床评价相应计划与欧洲法规（六百〇九分之八十六/ EU）和实验方案是经AIRMO研究中心的伦理和动物福利委员会（AC米兰，意大利）。 1.狗和食物选择<ol><li>随机分为32狗不同品种（7.01±0.20年度[平均值的平均值±标准误差（SEM）; 34.05±1.47千克[平均值±SEM];男12例，女20例），慢性患口臭分为2组，为他们提供与任一所述膳食补充剂或安慰剂在为期30天。 </li><li>确保每只狗接收膳食补充剂或基于动物的体重（公斤）安慰剂的适当剂量，根据制造商的说明。 （ 表1）。 </li><li>经过30天的治疗，确保这两个群体有10天洗出，所有的动物喂养与安慰剂。在......的最后洗出期间，馈送方案为两组被颠倒，使得控制组接受膳食补充剂另外30天，治疗组接受安慰剂。 </li><li>对狗两组，一前一在30天治疗后进行两兽医检查。 </li></ol> 2.气相色谱仪注意：气相色谱仪是测量的挥发性硫化合物（VSC），硫化氢，甲硫醇和二甲基硫醚，它们是口臭的主要致病因素，提供有关测量每种气体的浓度信息的便携式装置。测量每个VSC有助于确定口臭的原因，并评估治疗效果。 <ol><li>使用在第3及4所概述的程序中，检查挥发性硫化合物（VSC）与膳食补充剂治疗前（时间0），10天治疗后（时间10），20天后处理（时间20），并在治疗结束时（时间30）。 </li></ol> 3.气相色谱仪设置<ol><li>打开主开关在设备背面。注：初始屏幕显示文字“测量模式”。 </li><li>按ENTER键选择测量模式。 注：等待被显示在屏幕上，并以稳定的测量设备所需的待机时间被旁边的单词“计数器”显示。当待机时间已经走到了尽头，设备自动准备测量和就绪指示灯亮起。 </li></ol> 4.狗呼气采样和分析<ol><li>运行Data Manager软件。 </li><li>点击“测试”确认“当前状态”为“准备测量”后， </li><li>输入ID，然后点击“选择”。注：显示在窗口的右上角角落的消息。 <ol><li>如果显示的信息是＆＃8220;注入口服气“，开始测量。 </li><li>如果显示的消息是“该设备准备好”，然后等待。 </li></ol></li><li>由1毫升一次性注射器的方法，通过将注射器在狗的唇连合，缓缓地提拉柱塞和去除狗的嘴注射器收集狗的嘴呼吸。 </li><li>调整注射器的体积至1ml。 </li><li>将提供的针的注射器的端部，并打开盖后，通过按压柱塞弹出样品到装置主机上的入口。 注：测量自动启动，READY指示灯熄灭。测量完成在8分钟，并将结果自动显示（显示可以改成“色谱”）。判决书窗口出现在完成测量。测量的历史数据和测量数据可以被显示。 </li><li>按ENTER键存储结果我NTO单位。 注意：数据表示在零件的标准单位每十亿分之一（ppb）和/或毫微克/ 10毫升</li><li>然后等待1分钟，以稳定的设备，并执行新的测量。注：在此时间结束时，指示灯点亮这意味着设备已准备就绪。 </li></ol>

作者什么都没有透露。

口臭是狗的一个共同的问题，代表显著影响了宠物主人的关系19社会心理问题。口臭来源于口腔20，这导致挥发性硫化合物生产内源性和外源性蛋白质底物的微生物代谢，和由其它的因素，包括急性坏死性溃疡性龈炎，感染提取部位，碎片下牙科用具，溃疡，tonsilloliths恶化低21-23卫生。负责口臭生产主剂是革兰氏阴性菌24和 ​​它们的增加与牙菌斑25的增厚。随着特定的饮食良好的口腔卫生可减少微生物负荷的生理水平，减少口臭和避免gengivitis和具有对呼吸26不愉快的效果牙周病。 这种观点是支持我们的STU镝表明，在10天后的膳食补充剂的摄入，全面改善观察29总分32狗（90％）呈现moderateto-严重的恶臭，并在评价结束时，19个29狗（65％ ）谁取得了进步获得了稳定的生理条件有关安防监控浓度。 我们的调查基本上是引进的鱼水解蛋白，鼠尾草， 黑穗醋栗L.，百里香，溶菌酶，蜂胶，生物类黄酮和维生素C的每日营养时间表拉刀膳食补充剂狗随呼气恶臭的可能管理的非常有趣的问题。这些化合物中，广泛应用在传统医学，已经被证明在体外和在体内有效。 具体地，鱼蛋白被选择先前色谱研究的基础上而指出的硫化氢，甲硫醇，乙烷大量的存在于硫醇，二甲基硫醚，环硫乙烷在牛肉蛋白质27。文献研究还表明鼠尾草和黑茶藨子的L的抗微生物活性。针对这是已知的的口服病原体之一（连同牙龈卟啉和白色念珠菌 ）负责口臭和龋齿的形成28-30 Streptoccocus链球菌 。生物类黄酮和维生素C已被确认为既抗炎和抑菌剂限制与牙周病31相关的某些细菌的生长。 关于蜂胶和百里香，从培养全唾液中的恶臭减产证明了Sterer 等 32蜂胶的抑菌活性已广泛demontrated在文学，从限制菌斑33-37的数量减少的宽容微生物酸性pH 38 </sup&gt;，显示出比洗必泰溶液39更大的效益。此外，蜂胶被证明有效减少牙龋大鼠限制微生物的数量，减慢合成不溶性葡聚糖，以及葡糖基转移酶活40。 我们的研究中提出了一些限制，例如，仪器的灵敏度，如果与其他可用的技术相比（ 例如崎岖不平的WO3 hemitube纳米结构物的协助下的O 2等离子体表面改性用的石墨烯基材料41官能化，静电的SnO 2纳米纤维致敏石墨烯氧化物还原纳米片42，苯甲酰基DL精氨酸-萘胺（BANA）试验43，高效液相色谱法（HPLC）44和固相微萃取-气相色谱/质谱（SPME-GC / MS 45）。在另一方面，在这项研究中所使用的设备可能允许，研究所ANCE，快速数据采集快速实现早期诊断乙型肝炎，其特征还在于高架dimethile硫化物级别46或建立全身和/或呼吸系统疾病（如肺炎，肺气肿和支气管炎）的状态是其特征在于，升高的硫化氢，甲硫醇和二甲基硫醚的水平47。 在手术过程中，我们认识到，可用于收集从狗的嘴呼气时间比需要的（对30秒几秒钟由制造商建议）略低。此问题已成功通过重复每个测量三次克服。在实验过程中的一个关键步骤是收集的气息。为了不留下狗着嘴太久而不损坏注射器，我们把狗的唇连合的注射器，以安全地收集了一口气。 作为观察在人类中，这种技术的进一步应用将是预防呼吸有关的疾病， 即在宠物全身和呼吸，在狗和更普遍。总之，我们的研究显示，饮食补充剂可有效降低慢性口臭犬。我们的结果可能是，可以在与什么建议由Porter 等 ，谁假设口臭和胃肠道这表明治疗口臭口服原点也可能具有在肠道细菌组合物一定的效果这是众所周知的之间的可能相互作用协议负责，在某些情况下，对于挥发性硫化合物生产48。尽管如此，生态失调也可能会发生大规模使用抗生素49，或从肉类畜禽集约化后得出，并且在大多数动物和人类的食物50,51常用。

口臭，又称用术语口臭，是引起尴尬在人际社会关系1多达体臭2一个常见的抱怨。虽然口臭最流行 ​​病学数据是准确度和灵敏度由于主观自我评价的限制，研究报告说，人口的30-50％，受此病理3-6。一些研究也证实，它是在男性比女性更普遍不论年龄与比3：1和的比例在人超过20年7略高。 口臭可以根据其病因上演：1型（口服），2型（气），3型（胃），第4类（血液传播）和5型（主观）;然而，它已经假设口臭可潜在地认为是这些类型中的任何组合的总和，在卫生上叠加生理气味本（类型0）8,9。 SCully 等人，谁广泛描述和表征aetiopathogenesis和口臭的管理，报告说，在一些患者中它有一个额外的口腔病因，并且在其中的几个，代谢异常涉及10。作者指出，挥发性硫化合物（VSC）和一些诱发因素， 如口腔卫生不良，hyposalivation，牙科用具，牙龈和牙周疾病和粘膜病，主要负责恶臭。此外，他们提出的口腔健康状况的改善，防恶臭治疗和恶臭counteractives作为一个基本的常规方法。此外，他们还提出了使用益生菌和疫苗的恶臭引起细菌。 人类和动物的同伴， 即 。猫和狗，可以受食品相关的不良反应，其可包括几个系统，如胃肠，皮肤，耳科，眼，泌尿系统和呼吸系统11-13。然而，一些动物研究已经指出，鼻腔室是最复杂的系统中牙垢14，口腔炎15，和口臭16顷经常存在的一个。此外，细菌引起的口臭可以从动物同伴到人类17传送。 Iwanicka - 格热戈雷克从84患者患有口臭和40名健康对照量化硫化合物及低分子量胺唾液。 80％以上的属于口臭患者组报道在童年有宠物（P &lt;0.001）和超过70％仍然拥有一个宠物（P &lt;0.001）。 因此营养可以被用来管理口臭。此外，营养在牙齿发育，口腔及牙龈组织的完整性，骨性甚至牙齿和口腔疾病管理18举足轻重的作用。基于这样的考虑，在意大利协会肿瘤学研究疾病（AIRMO）中心我们跑了一项随机安慰剂对照交叉临床涉及32只狗口臭为了调查膳食补充剂与市售宠物食品的功效痛苦的评价。

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>OralChroma CHM-1</td>
			<td>FIS Inc.</td>
			<td>10061285</td>
			<td>portable gas cromatograph</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>FORZA10 Oral Active</td>
			<td>SANYpet .Sp.a.</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>dietary supplement</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>InJ/Light-100 PCS</td>
			<td>Rays S.p.a.</td>
			<td>INJ5171112</td>
			<td>disposable syringes&#160;</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

therapeutic effectiveness of a dietary supplement for management of halitosis in dogs

口臭是涉及人类社会和沟通问题的常见投诉，也影响了宠物主人的关系。在这项随机，安慰剂对照交叉临床评估，我们评估一个专门的膳食补充剂的有效性，改善慢性口臭在32狗不同品种和年龄。这个协议描述如何evalute口腔挥发性suphur朱侃，陈万平存在下， 例如甲硫醇，硫化氢和甲硫醚，由耦合用注射器，其用于收集呼气的便携式气相色谱仪装置和专用软件的手段，这允许操作者每次测量过程中监测每个化合物浓度，在比较短的时间（8分钟）。 自治疗开始后的30天，观察到口臭参数1显著修饰（P &lt;0.05），而持久的效果仍然观察到甚至20天对焦之三处理暂停。便携式气相色谱仪，其也被广泛应用于临床实践中，可以因此用于确认和在人类和动物的控制口臭。尽管人类和动物物种呈现一定的差异，这种创新和替代治疗口臭的管理可能会扩展到人类临床实践作为辅助饮食方法。

既安慰剂和饮食补充剂，以提供相似的营养和热量的摄取，并满足成年狗的营养需求，特别是进行了调整。其分析组成为：粗蛋白质26％，粗油和脂肪的13％，粗纤维2.5％，粗灰分8％和代谢能量（EM）的3464千卡/公斤。代谢能量根据营养指引完整和补充宠物食品的猫，狗由欧洲宠物食品工业联合会计算。安慰剂由脱水鸡肉，大米，动物脂肪，脱水蛋，燕麦，干甜菜浆，亚麻种子，水解动物蛋白，鱼油，植物油，碳酸钙，干啤酒酵母，磷酸一钙，氯化钠。从安慰剂包含在特殊心脏形冷压片剂的活性物质的存在下膳食补充剂差异（欧洲专利Ñ。EP 2526781）包括在完成食品我的6-7％呐百分比，而对于该蛋白质源，鱼粉代替鸡肉粉。片中含有蜂胶（0.0161％）， 鼠尾草 （0.0087％），蛋清（溶菌酶0.0078％），脱水柑橘提取物（生物类黄酮的0.0077％）， 百里香 （0.0127％）， 黑穗醋栗 （0.0040％）。 数据进行分析，表示为平均值±平均值的标准误差，并使用达戈斯蒂诺皮尔森正态性检验检查正常性。 -试验是用来比较的变化安防监控的多T评分在随访与基线每个治疗模式。 图1A示出在硫化氢浓度显著减少处理的动物，从0.43纳克/ ml的基线值，以0.06纳克/毫升，在30天的治疗。 图1B示出了在处理的动物中一个显著降低甲硫醇浓度的，从一底线0.30纳克/毫升值0.06纳克/毫升，在30天的治疗。 图1C示出了在二甲基硫醚浓度显著减少处理的动物，从0.28纳克/ ml的基线值，以0.13纳克/毫升，经过30天的治疗。 图2A示出一个显著降低硫化氢浓度，从0.37纳克/ ml的基线值，以0.10纳克/毫升，经过20天的治疗。在图2B中有类似的趋势也观察到甲硫醇其示出了显著下降的化合物浓度，从0.24纳克/ ml的基线值，以0.05纳克/毫升，在30天的治疗。以二甲硫， 图2C中 ，一个显著下降的化合物浓度，从0.32纳克/ ml的基线值，以0.11纳克/毫升，经过30天的治疗进行了观察。 <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td> 体重 </STRONG&gt;（KG） </td><td> 膳食补充剂每日金额 （G） </td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> 1 - 10 </td><td> 30 - 180 </td></tr><tr><td> 11 - 20 </td><td> 190 - 300 </td></tr><tr><td> 21 - 35 </td><td> 310 - 455 </td></tr><tr><td> 36 - 50 </td><td> 465 - 595 </td></tr></tbody></table> 表1：食品的每日量提供给狗。 <img alt="图1" src="/files/ftp_upload/52717/52717fig1.jpg" /> 图1：在30天治疗期（A）硫化氢的浓度，趋势图形表示治疗组（n = 16） 与对照组（n = 16）组; * P &lt;0.05; （B）的甲硫醇浓度趋势图形表示治疗组（n = 16） 与对照组（n = 16）组在30天治疗期; * P &lt;0.05; （C）在二甲基硫化物浓度趋势的图形表示治疗组（n = 16） 与对照组（n = 16），集团在30天治疗期; * P &lt;0.05。 <img alt="图2" src="/files/ftp_upload/52717/52717fig2.jpg" /> 图2：（A）硫化氢的浓度，趋势图形表示治疗组（n = 16） 与对照组（n = 16）组后10天清洗期; * P &lt;0.05; （B）的甲硫醇浓度趋势图形表示治疗组（n = 16） 与对照组（n = 16）组后10天清洗期; * P &lt;0.05; （ 三）二甲基硫化物浓度趋势的处理图形表示（N = 16） 与对照组（n = 16）组的10天之后，清洗期; * P &lt;0.05。

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Therapeutic Effectiveness of a Dietary Supplement for Management of Halitosis in Dogs at JoVE.com

Therapeutic Effectiveness of a Dietary Supplement for Management of Halitosis in Dogs

We describe a simple approach for diagnosis of halitosis in dogs as well as a dietary approach for its management. This protocol may be extended to the management of halitosis in humans in the near future.

膳食补充剂的口臭犬管理疗效

Halitosis is a common complaint involving social and communicational problems in humans and also affects the pet-owner relationship. In this randomized ...

therapeutic-effectiveness-dietary-supplement-for-management-halitosis

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

11.2K 次观看.  Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico di Modena. We describe a simple approach for diagnosis of halitosis in dogs as well as a dietary approach for its management. This protocol may be extended to the management of halitosis in humans in the near future.

视频: Therapeutic Effectiveness of a Dietary Supplement for Management of Halitosis in Dogs

Using Visual and Narrative Methods to Achieve Fair Process in Clinical Care

The Institute of Medicine has targeted patient-centeredness as an important area of quality improvement. A major dimension of patient-centeredness is respect for patient's values, preferences, and expressed needs. Yet specific approaches to gaining this understanding and translating it to quality care in the clinical setting are lacking. From a patient perspective quality is not a simple concept but is best understood in terms of five dimensions: technical outcomes; decision-making efficiency; amenities and convenience; information and emotional support; and overall patient satisfaction. Failure to consider quality from this five-pronged perspective results in a focus on medical outcomes, without considering the processes central to quality from the patient's perspective and vital to achieving good outcomes. In this paper, we argue for applying the concept of fair process in clinical settings. Fair process involves using a collaborative approach to exploring diagnostic issues and treatments with patients, explaining the rationale for decisions, setting expectations about roles and responsibilities, and implementing a core plan and ongoing evaluation. Fair process opens the door to bringing patient expertise into the clinical setting and the work of developing health care goals and strategies. This paper provides a step by step illustration of an innovative visual approach, called photovoice or photo-elicitation, to achieve fair process in clinical work with acquired brain injury survivors and others living with chronic health conditions. Applying this visual tool and methodology in the clinical setting will enhance patient-provider communication; engage patients as partners in identifying challenges, strengths, goals, and strategies; and support evaluation of progress over time. Asking patients to bring visuals of their lives into the clinical interaction can help to illuminate gaps in clinical knowledge, forge better therapeutic relationships with patients living with chronic conditions such as brain injury, and identify patient-centered goals and possibilities for healing. The process illustrated here can be used by clinicians, (primary care physicians, rehabilitation therapists, neurologists, neuropsychologists, psychologists, and others) working with people living with chronic conditions such as acquired brain injury, mental illness, physical disabilities, HIV/AIDS, substance abuse, or post-traumatic stress, and by leaders of support groups for the types of patients described above and their family members or caregivers.

This paper illustrates an innovative visual approach (photovoice or photo-elicitation) to achieve fair process in clinical care for patients living with chronic health conditions, illuminate gaps in clinical knowledge, forge better therapeutic relationships, and identify patient-centered goals and possibilities for healing.

利用视觉和叙事方法，以实现公平的进程中，在临床护理

The Institute of Medicine has targeted patient-centeredness as an important area of quality improvement. A major dimension of patient-centeredness is ...

科研

医学

DNBS/TNBS Colitis Models: Providing Insights Into Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Effects of Dietary Fat

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD), including Crohn&#39;s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis, have long been associated with a genetic basis, and more recently host immune responses to microbial and environmental agents. Dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS)-induced colitis allows one to study the pathogenesis of IBD associated environmental triggers such as stress and diet, the effects of potential therapies, and the mechanisms underlying intestinal inflammation and mucosal injury. In this paper, we investigated the effects of dietary n-3 and n-6 fatty acids on the colonic mucosal inflammatory response to DNBS-induced colitis in rats. All rats were fed identical diets with the exception of different types of fatty acids [safflower oil (SO), canola oil (CO), or fish oil (FO)] for three&#160;weeks prior to exposure to intrarectal DNBS. Control rats given intrarectal ethanol continued gaining weight over the 5 day study, whereas, DNBS-treated rats fed lipid diets all lost weight with FO and CO fed rats demonstrating significant weight loss by 48&#160;hr and rats fed SO by 72&#160;hr. Weight gain resumed after 72&#160;hr post DNBS, and by 5 days post DNBS, the FO group had a higher body weight than SO or CO groups. Colonic sections collected 5&#160;days post DNBS-treatment showed focal ulceration, crypt destruction, goblet cell depletion, and mucosal infiltration of both acute and chronic inflammatory cells that differed in severity among diet groups. The SO fed group showed the most severe damage followed by the CO, and FO fed groups that showed the mildest degree of tissue injury. Similarly, colonic myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, a marker of neutrophil activity was significantly higher in SO followed by CO fed rats, with FO fed rats having significantly lower MPO activity. These results demonstrate the use of DNBS-induced colitis, as outlined in this protocol, to determine the impact of diet in the pathogenesis of IBD.

DNBS/TNBS induced colitis offers an alternative and inexpensive method to study the pathobiology of inflammatory bowel disease. The protocol discussed in this paper outlines the successful application of DNBS to induce colitis in mice and rats and allows one to thoroughly study host-mediated intestinal responses.

二硝基苯磺酸/ TNBS结肠炎模型：提供洞察炎症性肠病和膳食脂肪的影响

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD), including Crohn&#39;s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis, have long been associated with a genetic basis, and more recently ...

High Throughput Characterization of Adult Stem Cells Engineered for Delivery of Therapeutic Factors for Neuroprotective Strategies

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from bone marrow are a powerful cellular resource and have been used in numerous studies as potential candidates to develop strategies for treating a variety of diseases. The purpose of this study was to develop and characterize MSCs as cellular vehicles engineered for delivery of therapeutic factors as part of a neuroprotective strategy for rescuing the damaged or diseased nervous system. In this study we used mouse MSCs that were genetically modified using lentiviral vectors, which encoded brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) or glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), together with green fluorescent protein (GFP). 
Before proceeding with in vivo transplant studies it was important to characterize the engineered cells to determine whether or not the genetic modification altered aspects of normal cell behavior. Different culture substrates were examined for their ability to support cell adhesion, proliferation, survival, and cell migration of the four subpopulations of engineered MSCs. High content screening (HCS) was conducted and image analysis performed. 
Substrates examined included: poly-L-lysine, fibronectin, collagen type I, laminin, entactin-collagen IV-laminin (ECL). Ki67 immunolabeling was used to investigate cell proliferation and Propidium Iodide staining was used to investigate cell viability. Time-lapse imaging was conducted using a transmitted light/environmental chamber system on the high content screening system.
Our results demonstrated that the different subpopulations of the genetically modified MSCs displayed similar behaviors that were in general comparable to that of the original, non-modified MSCs. The influence of different culture substrates on cell growth and cell migration was not dramatically different between groups comparing the different MSC subtypes, as well as culture substrates. 
This study provides an experimental strategy to rapidly characterize engineered stem cells and their behaviors before their application in long-term in vivo transplant studies for nervous system rescue and repair.

This study describes an experimental platform to rapidly characterize engineered stem cells and their behaviors before their application in long-term in vivo transplant studies for nervous system rescue and repair.

对专为递送治疗因素的神经保护策略成人干细胞高通量表征

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from bone marrow are a powerful cellular resource and have been used in numerous studies as potential candidates to ...

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Cancer Drug Sensitization In Vitro and In Vivo

Due to the high level of heterogeneity and mutations inherent in human cancers, single agent therapies, or combination regimens which target the same pathway, are likely to fail. Emphasis must be placed upon the inhibition of pathways that are responsible for intrinsic and/or adaptive resistance to therapy. An active field of investigation is the development and testing of DNA repair inhibitors that promote the action of, and prevent resistance to, commonly used chemotherapy and radiotherapy. We used a novel protocol to evaluate the effectiveness of BRCA2 inhibition as a means to sensitize tumor cells to the DNA damaging drug cisplatin. Tumor cell metabolism (acidification and respiration) was monitored in real-time for a period of 72 hr to delineate treatment effectiveness on a minute by minute basis. In combination, we performed an assessment of metastatic frequency using a chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model of extravasation and invasion. This protocol addresses some of the weaknesses of commonly used in vitro and in vivo methods to evaluate novel cancer therapy regimens. It can be used in addition to common methods such as cell proliferation assays, cell death assays, and in vivo murine xenograft studies, to more closely discriminate amongst candidate targets and agents, and select only the most promising candidates for further development.

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Cancer Drug Sensitization In Vitro and In Vivo

Here, real-time monitoring of tumor cell metabolism, combined with an in vivo chicken embryo chorio-allantoic membrane (CAM) model of metastasis, are used to evaluate novel anti-cancer targets/agents for their ability to sensitize tumor cells to DNA damaging chemotherapeutics.

评估癌症药物过敏的有效性<em&gt;在体外</em&gt;和<em&gt;在体内</em

Due to the high level of heterogeneity and mutations inherent in human cancers, single agent therapies, or combination regimens which target the same ...

Intranasal Delivery of Therapeutic Stem Cells to Glioblastoma in a Mouse Model

The intrinsic tropism towards brain malignancies renders stem cells as promising carriers of therapeutic agents against malignant tumors. The delivery of therapeutic stem cells via the intranasal route is a recently discovered alternative strategy, with strong potential for clinical translation, due to its non-invasive nature compared to intracranial implantation or delivery via systemic routes. The lack of blood brain barrier further strengthens the therapeutic potential of stem cells undergoing intranasal brain entry. This article summarizes the essential techniques utilized in our studies and outlines the basic principles of intranasal strategy for stem cell delivery using a mouse model of intracranial glioma xenografts. We demonstrate the optimized procedures that generate consistent and reproducible results with specific predetermined experimental parameters and offer guidelines for streamlined work flow that ensure efficient execution and reliable experimental outcome. The article is designed to serve as a baseline for further experimental customization based on hypothesis, stem cell types, or tumor specifics.

Stem cells are promising therapeutic carriers to treat brain tumors due to their intrinsic tumor tropism. Non-invasive intranasal stem cell delivery bypasses the blood brain barrier and demonstrates strong potential for clinical translation. This article summarizes the basic principles of intranasal stem cell delivery in a mouse model of glioma.

在小鼠模型中将胶质母细胞瘤治疗干细胞的鼻内递送

The intrinsic tropism towards brain malignancies renders stem cells as promising carriers of therapeutic agents against malignant tumors. The delivery of ...

Remote Laboratory Management: Respiratory Virus Diagnostics

An uptick in recent pandemics (Ebola, Zika, MERS, influenza, etc.) underlines the need for a more 'nimble,' coordinated response that addresses a multitude of issues ranging from transportation, access, facilities, equipment, and communication to provider training. To address this need, we have developed an innovative, scalable, logistics-enhanced, mobile, laboratory facility for emergencies and epidemics in resource-constrained global settings. Utilizing a background in clinical operations as an academic medical center, we designed a rapidly-deployable, modular BSL-2 and BSL-3 facility with user-friendly software for tracking and management of drugs and supplies in remote regions during epidemics and outbreaks. Here, we present our intermodal, mobile, expandable shipping-container laboratory units. The design of the laboratory facilitates off-grid usage by minimizing power consumption and allowing alternate water sources. The unit's information communication technology (ICT) platform provides (i) user-friendly tablet-based documentation, (ii) enhanced tracking of patients and supplies, and (iii) integrated communication onsite with built-in telehealth capabilities. To ensure quality in remote environments, we have developed a checklist for a basic laboratory workflow and a protocol for respiratory viral diagnosis using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). As described, this innovative and comprehensive approach allows for the provision of laboratory capability in resource-limited global environments.

A rapidly-deployable, off-grid laboratory has been designed and built for remote, resource-constrained global settings. The features and critical aspects of the logistically-enhanced, expandable, multifunctional laboratory modules are explored. A checklist for a basic laboratory workflow and a protocol for a respiratory viral diagnostic test are developed and presented.

远程实验室管理: 呼吸道病毒诊断

An uptick in recent pandemics (Ebola, Zika, MERS, influenza, etc.) underlines the need for a more 'nimble,' coordinated response that addresses a ...

Assessing Therapeutic Angiogenesis in a Murine Model of Hindlimb Ischemia

Critical limb ischemia (CLI) is a serious condition that entails a high risk of lower limb amputation. Despite revascularization being the gold-standard therapy, a considerable number of CLI patients are not suited for either surgical or endovascular revascularization. Angiogenic therapies are emerging as an option for these patients but are currently still under investigation. Before application in humans, those therapies must be tested in animal models and its mechanisms must be clearly understood. An animal model of hindlimb ischemia (HLI) has been developed by the ligation and excision of the distal external iliac and femoral arteries and veins in mice. A comprehensive panel of tests was assembled to assess the effects of ischemia and putative angiogenic therapies at functional, histologic and molecular levels. Laser Doppler was used for the flow measurement and functional assessment of perfusion. Tissue response was evaluated by the analysis of capillary density after staining with the anti-CD31 antibody on histological sections of gastrocnemius muscle and by measurement of collateral vessel density after diaphonization. Expression of angiogenic genes was quantified by RT-PCR targeting selected angiogenic factors exclusively in endothelial cells (ECs) after laser capture microdissection from mice gastrocnemius muscles. These methods were sensitive in identifying differences between ischemic and non-ischemic limbs and between treated and non-treated limbs. This protocol provides a reproducible model of CLI and a framework for testing angiogenic therapies.

Here, a critical hindlimb ischemia experimental model is presented followed by a battery of functional, histologic and molecular tests&#160;to assess the effectiveness of angiogenic therapies.&#8203;

评估下肢缺血的Murine模型的治疗血管生成

Critical limb ischemia (CLI) is a serious condition that entails a high risk of lower limb amputation. Despite revascularization being the gold-standard ...

The Dyspepsia Educational Tool As a Novel Aid in Dyspepsia Management

Digital educational tools have a well-established role in current healthcare. In particular, disorders that are managed non-pharmacologically benefit from this development, as it enables patient engagement in self-management. Dyspepsia is a condition thought to arise from gastric and duodenal perturbations, brain-gut axis disturbances, and dietary factors. Behavioral interventions are a major part of dyspepsia treatment, hence patient engagement and motivation through education is essential. Protocols that describe the development process of such educational tools are scarce. We provide a methodology describing development of a dyspepsia educational tool. Assessment of users' needs is the first step, followed by a literature search. The content is developed based on the main themes and entered into a content management system, to build the program. Final adjustments are made after a pilot test of the tool. The presented protocol can be used as a guide for development of a digital dyspepsia educational tool or as a tool for similar situations.

This protocol describes the development process of a digital dyspepsia educational tool. Assessment of unmet needs and literature, content development, and building of the tool are presented. The methodology can be used as a guide for future development of digital educational tools.

消化不良教育工具作为消化不良管理中的一种新帮助

Digital educational tools have a well-established role in current healthcare. In particular, disorders that are managed non-pharmacologically benefit from ...

A Rat Carotid Artery Pressure-Controlled Segmental Balloon Injury with Periadventitial Therapeutic Application

Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death and disability worldwide, in part due to atherosclerosis. Atherosclerotic plaque narrows the luminal surface area in arteries thereby reducing adequate blood flow to organs and distal tissues. Clinically, revascularization procedures such as balloon angioplasty with or without stent placement aim to restore blood flow. Although these procedures reestablish blood flow by reducing plaque burden, they damage the vessel wall, which initiates the arterial healing response. The prolonged healing response causes arterial restenosis, or re-narrowing, ultimately limiting the long-term success of these revascularization procedures. Therefore, preclinical animal models are integral for analyzing the pathophysiological mechanisms driving restenosis, and provide the opportunity to test novel therapeutic strategies. Murine models are cheaper and easier to operate on than large animal models. Balloon or wire injury are the two commonly accepted injury modalities used in murine models. Balloon injury models in particular mimic the clinical angioplasty procedure and cause adequate damage to the artery for the development of restenosis. Herein we describe the surgical details for performing and histologically analyzing the modified, pressure-controlled rat carotid artery balloon injury model. Additionally, this protocol highlights how local periadventitial application of therapeutics can be used to inhibit neointimal hyperplasia. Lastly, we present light sheet fluorescence microscopy as a novel approach for imaging and visualizing the arterial injury in three-dimensions.

The rat carotid artery balloon injury mimics the clinical angioplasty procedure performed to restore blood flow in atherosclerotic vessels. This model induces the arterial injury response by distending the arterial wall, and denuding the intimal layer of endothelial cells, ultimately causing remodeling and an intimal hyperplastic response.

大鼠胡萝卜动脉压力控制段气球损伤与腹腔ventit 治疗应用

Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death and disability worldwide, in part due to atherosclerosis. Atherosclerotic plaque narrows the ...

Semi-Minimal Invasive Method to Induce Myocardial Infarction in Rats and the Assessment of Cardiac Function by an Isolated Working Heart System

Myocardial infarction (MI) remains the main contributor to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Therefore, research on this topic is mandatory. An easily and highly reproducible MI induction procedure is required to obtain further insight and better understanding of the underlying pathological changes. This procedure can also be used to evaluate the effects or potency of new and promising treatments (as drugs or interventions) in acute MI, subsequent remodeling and heart failure (HF). After intubation and pre-operative preparation of the animal, an anesthetic protocol with isoflurane was performed, and the surgical procedure was conducted&#160;quickly. Using a minimally invasive approach, the left anterior descending artery (LAD) was located and occluded by a ligature. The occlusion can be performed acutely for subsequent reperfusion (ischemia/reperfusion injury). Alternatively, the vessel can be ligated permanently to investigate the development of chronic MI, remodeling or HF. Despite common pitfalls, the drop-out rates are minimal. Various treatments such as remote ischemic conditioning can be examined for their cardioprotective potential pre-, peri- and post-operatively. The post-operative recovery was quick as the anesthesia was precisely controlled and the duration of the operation was short. Post-operative analgesia was administered for three days. The minimally invasive procedure reduces the risk of infection and inflammation. Furthermore, it facilitates rapid recovery. The &#8220;working heart&#8221; measurements were performed ex vivo and enabled precise control of preload, afterload and flow. This procedure requires specific equipment and training for adequate performance. This manuscript provides a detailed step-by-step introduction for conducting these measurements.

This article presents an efficient method to perform myocardial ischemia and subsequent chronic reperfusion in rats using a minimally invasive approach. In addition, left ventricular hemodynamic function of rats is assessed by echocardiography and isolated working heart methods.&#160;

诱导大鼠心肌梗死的半微创方法及独立工作心脏系统对心脏功能的评估

Myocardial infarction (MI) remains the main contributor to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Therefore, research on this topic is mandatory. An easily ...