Diese Studien wurden zum Teil durch NIH UO1HL107443-01 Award GJM und GM finanziert.

Ein. Isolation und Expansion von peripheren Blut mononukleären Zellen (PBMCs) DAY 0 <ol><li> Zeichnen 4 ml peripheres Blut in einen BD Vacutainer CPT Zellpräparation Tube mit Natriumcitrat. Das Röhrchen 8 bis 10 Mal und zentrifugieren bei 1.800 xg für 30 min bei Raumtemperatur. Idealerweise sollte dieser Schritt innerhalb von 2 h der Entnahme erfolgen. </li><li> Sammeln Sie die mononukleären Zellen (MCs) durch Pipettieren der Buffy-Coat (Zellschicht zwischen Gelbarriere und Plasma) in ein steriles 15 ml konischen Zentrifugenröhrchen. Bringt Gesamtvolumen auf 10 ml mit sterilem Phosphat-gepufferter Salzlösung (PBS), Invertzucker mehrmals und Zentrifuge bei 300 × g für 15 min. </li><li> Die Zellen in 10 ml sterilem PBS und führen Zellzahl. Übertragen 1 bis 2x10 6 Zellen in einen sterilen konischen 15 ml Zentrifugenröhrchen eingewogen und bei 300 g zentrifugiert für 10 min. </li><li> Die Zellen in 2 ml der Expansion Medium (EM) (QBSF-60 Stem Cell Medium, das 50 ug / ml AscoRBIC Acid, 50 ng / ml SCF, 10 ng / ml IL-3, 2 U / ml EPO, 40 ng / ml IGF-1, 1 nM Dexamethason und 100 ug / ml primocin oder 1% Pen / Strep) und zu übertragen eine Vertiefung einer 12-Well-Platte. Inkubieren Sie die Zellen in einem 37 ° C, 5% CO 2-Inkubator. </li><li> Zentrifuge restlichen Zellen bei 300 x g für 10 min und gefriergetrocknet ~ 2x10 6 Zellen / Fläschchen in FBS, das 10% DMSO. </li><li> Um das Protokoll mit gefrorenen PBMCs beginnen, aufzutauen 1 Fläschchen von Zellen in 10 ml QBSF mittel-und Zentrifuge bei 300 xg für 10 min. Die Zellen in 2 ml EM und Transfer in ein Well einer 12-Well-Platte. Inkubieren Sie die Zellen in einem 37 ° C, 5% CO 2-Inkubator. </li></ol> Tag 3 und Tag 6 <ol start="17"><li> Übertragen der Zellen an ein steriles 15 ml konischen Röhrchen und wäscht die auch einmal mit 1 ml QBSF-60 Stem Cell Medium um anhaftende Zellen zu sammeln. </li><li> Zentrifugation der Zellen bei 300 g für 10 min. </li><li> Die Zellen in 2 ml EM und Übertragung auf eine Vertiefung einer 12-Well-Platte. Inkubieren Sie die Zellen in einem 37 ° C, 5% CO 2-Inkubator. </li></ol> 2. Transduktion von PBMCs mit STEMCCA Lentivirus TAG 9 <ol><li> Übertragen der Zellen an ein steriles 15 ml konischen Röhrchen und wäscht die auch einmal mit 1 ml QBSF-60 Stem Cell Medium um anhaftende Zellen zu sammeln. </li><li> Zentrifugation der Zellen bei 300 g für 10 min. </li><li> Die Zellen in 1 ml frischem EM enthaltend 5 ug / ml Polybren und STEMCCA Lentivirus (MOI = 1 bis 10) aufnehmen und in eine Vertiefung einer 12-Well-Platte. (Das Protokoll beschreibt die Produktion von lentiviralen Partikeln finden Sie unter <a href="http://www.bumc.bu.edu/stemcells/protocols/" target="_blank">http://www.bumc.bu.edu/stemcells/protocols/</a> ) </li><li> Spin die Platte bei 2250 UpM bei 25 ° C für 90 min. </li><li> Nach Spin, eine zusätzliche 1 ml frisches EM enthaltend 5 ug / ml Polybren für insgesamt 2 ml Medium und Inkubation der Platte bei 37 ° C,5% CO 2-Inkubator. </li></ol> TAG 10 <ol start="16"><li> Übertragen der Zellen an ein steriles 15 ml konischen Röhrchen und wäscht die auch einmal mit 1 ml QBSF-60 Stem Cell Medium um anhaftende Zellen zu sammeln. </li><li> Zentrifugation der Zellen bei 300 g für 10 min. </li><li> Die Zellen in 2 ml EM und Transfer zum 1 Well einer 12-Well-Platte. Inkubieren Sie die Zellen in einem 37 ° C, 5% CO 2-Inkubator. </li></ol> 3. Plating transduzierten Zellen auf MEFs TAG 11 <ol><li> Bestreichen Sie die Wells einer 6-Well-Platte mit 0,1% Gelatine und Platte inaktivierte embryonale Maus-Fibroblasten (MEF) bei 2x10 5 Zellen / Well in MEF Medium (IMDM mit 10% FBS, 1% Non-Essential Amino Acids, 100 uM β- Mercaptoethanol, 2 mM L-Glutamin, 100 ug / ml primocin oder 1% Pen / Strep). Bereiten 3 Wells pro Infektion. </li></ol> TAG 12 <ol start="2"><li> Übertragen der Zellen an ein steriles 15 ml konischen Röhrchen<html> und die gut waschen einmal mit 1 ml QBSF-60 Stem Cell Medium, um anhaftende Zellen zu sammeln. </li><li> Die Zellen in 3 ml Medium, das MEF 10 ng / ml bFGF und Ascorbinsäure und Wachstumsfaktoren in den gleichen Konzentrationen wie im EM genutzte Medium (50 ug / ml Ascorbinsäure, 50 ng / ml SCF, 10 ng / ml IL -3, 2 U / ml EPO, 40 ng / ml IGF-1, 1 uM Dexamethason). </li><li> Plate 1 ml der Zellen pro Well einer 6-Well-Platte mit MEFs. 1,5 ml Medium mit bFGF MEF, Ascorbinsäure, und Wachstumsfaktoren für insgesamt 2,5 ml Medium / Vertiefung. </li><li> Spin die Platte bei 500 UpM bei 25 ° C für 30 min. Inkubieren Sie die Platte bei 37 ° C, 5% CO 2-Inkubator. </li></ol> TAG 14 <ol start="6"><li> Feed-Zellen jeden zweiten Tag mit 2,5 ml MEF Medien mit 10 ng / ml bFGF und 50 ug / ml Ascorbinsäure (keine Wachstumsfaktoren). Absaugen und entsorgen schwimmenden Zellen mit jedem Feed. </li><li> Fügen Sie zusätzliche MEFs nach Bedarf (in der Regel einmal pro Woche). </li></ol>p &quot;&gt; ~ DAY 20 <ol start="8"><li> Sobald kleine Kolonien erscheinen, Futtermittel-Zellen täglich mit 2 ml humanen embryonalen Stammzellen (hES) mittel (DMEM/F12 mit 20% Knockout Serum Replacement, 1% Non-Essential Amino Acids, 100 uM β-Mercaptoethanol, 2 mM L-Glutamin , 100 ug / ml primocin oder 1% Pen / Strep und 10 ng / ml bFGF). </li></ol> 4. Kommissionier-und Ausbau der iPSC Clones ~ DAY 30 bis 40 <ol><li> Wählen Sie jede Kolonie in einzelnen Vertiefungen einer 12-Well-Platte mit inaktivierten MEFs mit 1 ml / Well hESC Medium plus 10 uM Stemolecule Y27632 (ROCK-Inhibitor) voreingestellt ausgesät. </li><li> Führen Zellen danach täglich mit 1 ml hESC Medium nur (keine ROCK-Inhibitor). </li></ol> 5. Immunfluoreszenzfärbung für Pluripotenz Markers <ol><li> Färbung erfolgte mit dem Kit &quot;ES Cell Marker Sample Kit&quot; von Millipore und nach dem Protokoll des Herstellers. </li></ol> 6. Exzision Integrated STEMCCA Vector <ol><li> Excision der Reprogrammierung Kassette erreicht Verwendung eines Cre-IRES-Puro Expressionsvektor nach Transfektion und kurze Puromycin Selektion als 6 beschrieben. </li></ol>

<ol>
	<li>Lowry, W. E., Richter, L., Yachechko, R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Generation+of+human+induced+pluripotent+stem+cells+from+dermal+fibroblasts.">Generation of human induced pluripotent stem cells from dermal fibroblasts.</a> Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105, 2883-2888 (2008).</li><li>Park, I. H., Zhao, R., West, J. A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Reprogramming+of+human+somatic+cells+to+pluripotency+with+defined+factors.">Reprogramming of human somatic cells to pluripotency with defined factors.</a> Nature. 451, 141-146 (2008).</li><li>Takahashi, K., Tanabe, K., Ohnuki, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Induction+of+pluripotent+stem+cells+from+adult+human+fibroblasts+by+defined+factors.">Induction of pluripotent stem cells from adult human fibroblasts by defined factors.</a> Cell. 131, 861-872 (2007).</li><li>Yu, J., Vodyanik, M. A., Smuga-Otto, K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Induced+pluripotent+stem+cell+lines+derived+from+human+somatic+cells.">Induced pluripotent stem cell lines derived from human somatic cells.</a> Science. 318, 1917-1920 (2007).</li><li>Stadtfeld, M., Hochedlinger, K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Induced+pluripotency:+history,+mechanisms,+and+applications.">Induced pluripotency: history, mechanisms, and applications.</a> Genes Dev. 24, 2239-2263 (2010).</li><li>Somers, A., Jean, J. C., Sommer, C. A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Generation+of+transgene-free+lung+disease-specific+human+induced+pluripotent+stem+cells+using+a+single+excisable+lentiviral+stem+cell+cassette.">Generation of transgene-free lung disease-specific human induced pluripotent stem cells using a single excisable lentiviral stem cell cassette.</a> Stem Cells. 28, 1728-1740 (2010).</li><li>Loh, Y. H., Hartung, O., Li, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Reprogramming+of+T+cells+from+human+peripheral+blood.">Reprogramming of T cells from human peripheral blood.</a> Cell Stem Cell. 7, 15-19 (2010).</li><li>Seki, T., Yuasa, S., Oda, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Generation+of+induced+pluripotent+stem+cells+from+human+terminally+differentiated+circulating+T+cells.">Generation of induced pluripotent stem cells from human terminally differentiated circulating T cells.</a> Cell Stem Cell. 7, 11-14 (2010).</li><li>Staerk, J., Dawlaty, M. M., Gao, Q., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Reprogramming+of+human+peripheral+blood+cells+to+induced+pluripotent+stem+cells.">Reprogramming of human peripheral blood cells to induced pluripotent stem cells.</a> Cell Stem Cell. 7, 20-24 (2010).</li><li>Chou, B. K., Mali, P., Huang, X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Efficient+human+iPS+cell+derivation+by+a+non-integrating+plasmid+from+blood+cells+with+unique+epigenetic+and+gene+expression+signatures.">Efficient human iPS cell derivation by a non-integrating plasmid from blood cells with unique epigenetic and gene expression signatures.</a> Cell Res. 21, 518-529 (2011).</li><li>vanden Akker, E., Satchwell, T. J., Pellegrin, S., Daniels, G., Toye, A. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+majority+of+the+in+vitro+erythroid+expansion+potential+resides+in+CD34(-)+cells,+outweighing+the+contribution+of+CD34(+)+cells+and+significantly+increasing+the+erythroblast+yield+from+peripheral+blood+samples.">The majority of the in vitro erythroid expansion potential resides in CD34(-) cells, outweighing the contribution of CD34(+) cells and significantly increasing the erythroblast yield from peripheral blood samples.</a> Haematologica. 95, 1594-1598 (2010).</li></ol>

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Wir beschreiben hier die Verwendung des STEMCCA Lentivirusvektor die menschliche IPSCs aus mononukleären Zellen von einigen ml frisch gesammelten peripheren Blut isoliert erzeugen. Das Protokoll kann auch verwendet werden, um gefrorene PBMCs (direkt aus dem Buffy-Coat) erhalten ein Detail erhebliche praktische Auswirkungen umzuprogrammieren bei der Nutzung Spenderzellen von einem entfernten Standort erworben werden. Vor der Induktion von Umprogrammierung muss isolierten PBMCs durchlaufen eine kritische Expansionsstufe,...

<table border="1"><tbody><tr><td> Name des Reagenzes </td><td> Firma </td><td> Katalog-Nummer </td><td> Kommentare (optional) </td></tr><tr><td> BD Vacutainer CPT Cell Preparation Tube mit Natriumcitrat </td><td> BD Biosciences </td><td> 362760 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> QBSF-60 Stem Cell Medium </td><td> Quality Biological </td><td> 160-204-101 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> IMDM </td><td> Invitrogen </td><td> 12440 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> DMEM/F12 </td><td> Invitrogen </td><td> 11330 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> FBS </td><td> Atlanta Biologicals </td><td> S10250 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Knockout Serum Replacement </td><td> Invitrogen </td><td> 10828 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Primocin </td><td> Invivogen </td><td> ant-pm-2 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Pen / Strep </td><td> Invitrogen </td><td> 15140 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> L-Glutamin </td><td> Invitrogen </td><td> 25030 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Non-Essential Amino Acids </td><td> Invitrogen </td><td> 11140 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> β-Mercaptoethanol </td><td> MP Biomedicals </td><td> 190242 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Ascorbinsäure </td><td> Sigma </td><td> A4544 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> IGF-1 </td><td> R &amp; D Systems </td><td> 291-G1 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> IL-3 </td><td> R &amp; D Systems </td><td> 203-IL </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> SCF </td><td> R &amp; D Systems </td><td> 255-SC </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> EPO </td><td> R &amp; D Systems </td><td> 286-EP </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Dexamethasone </td><td> Sigma </td><td> D4902 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Polybrene </td><td> Sigma </td><td> H-9268 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> bFGF </td><td> R &amp; D Systems </td><td> 233-FB </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Stemolecule Y27632 </td><td> Stemgent </td><td> 04-0012 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> ES Cell Marker Sample Kit </td><td> Millipore </td><td> SCR002 </td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

generation of human induced pluripotent stem cells from peripheral blood using the stemcca lentiviral vector

Durch die ektopische Expression von vier Transkriptionsfaktoren, Oct4, Klf4, Sox2 und cMyc können menschliche Körperzellen zu einer pluripotenten Zustand umgewandelt werden, erzeugen so genannte induzierte pluripotente Stammzellen (iPS) 1-4. Patienten-spezifischen iPS fehlen die ethischen Bedenken, die embryonalen Stammzellen (ESC) umgeben und möglich wäre Immunabwehr zu umgehen. So haben iPSCs große Aufmerksamkeit für die Krankheit Modeling-Studien, das Screening von pharmakologischen Verbindungen und regenerative Therapien 5 angezogen. Wir haben die Erzeugung von Transgen-freien menschlichen iPS von Patienten mit unterschiedlichen Lungenerkrankungen mit einer einzigen verbrauchsteuerpflichtiger polycistronischen lentiviralen Stem Cell Kassette (STEMCCA) Codieren der Yamanaka Faktoren 6 gezeigt. Diese Linien wurden iPSC aus Hautfibroblasten, die häufigste Zelltyp zum Umprogrammieren verwendet erzeugt. Normalerweise erfordert ein Erhalten Fibroblasten Haut Stanzbiopsie gefolgt durch Expansion der Zelles in der Kultur für ein paar Passagen. Wichtigerweise haben eine Anzahl von Gruppen die Umprogrammierung von menschlichen peripheren Blutzellen in IPSCs 7-9 berichtet. In einer Studie wurde eine induzierbare Tet Version des STEMCCA Vektor 9 verwendet, welche erforderlich ist, um die Blutzellen gleichzeitig mit einem konstitutiv aktiven Lentivirus Codieren des Reverse Tetracyclin-Transaktivator-infiziert. Im Gegensatz zu Fibroblasten, kann peripheren Blutzellen mittels minimal-invasive Verfahren gesammelt werden, stark reduziert die Beschwerden und Leiden des Patienten. Eine einfache und effektive Protokoll zur Reprogrammierung Blutkörperchen Verwendung eines konstitutiven einzigen verbrauchsteuerpflichtiger Vektor kann die Anwendung von iPS-Technologie, indem sie Zugang zu einem breiteren Forschungsgemeinschaft beschleunigen. Darüber hinaus Umprogrammierung der Zellen des peripheren Blutes ermöglicht die Erzeugung von iPS von Einzelpersonen in der Hautbiopsien vermieden werden (dh. Aberrante Narbenbildung) oder sollten aufgrund bereits bestehenden Krankheitszuständen preventing Zugang zu Stanzbiopsien. Hier zeigen wir, ein Protokoll für die Herstellung von menschlichen IPSCs aus peripheren mononukleären Blutzellen (PBMCs) unter Verwendung eines einzigen floxed-verbrauchsteuerpflichtigen Lentivirusvektor konstitutiv exprimieren die 4 Faktoren. Frisch gesammelten oder aufgetaute PBMCs werden für 9 Tage wie beschrieben in Medium enthaltenden 10,11 Ascorbinsäure, SCF, IGF-1, IL-3 und EPO bevor es mit dem STEMCCA Lentivirus transduziert erweitert. Die Zellen werden dann auf MEFs ausplattiert und ESC-ähnliche Kolonien visualisiert werden kann 2 Wochen nach der Infektion. Schließlich werden selektierten Klone expandiert und auf die Expression der Marker Pluripotenz SSEA-4, Tra-1-60 und Tra-1-81. Dieses Protokoll ist einfach, robust und sehr konsistente, eine zuverlässige Methode zur Herstellung von menschlichen IPSCs aus leicht zugänglichen 4 ml Blut.

Wir demonstrieren eine einfache und effektive Protokoll für die Herstellung von menschlichen IPSCs aus PBMCs unter Verwendung eines einzigen lentiviralen Vektor. 1A zeigt eine schematische Darstellung des Protokolls. Das Blut wird in einen BD Vacutainer CPT Zellpräparation Tube mit Natriumcitrat gesammelt, und nach Zentrifugation, mononukleären Zellen können von der Schnittstelle zwischen dem Polyester Gel und dem Plasma (buffy coat) (1B) gesammelt werden. Die isolierten PBMCs werde...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Generation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Peripheral Blood Using the STEMCCA Lentiviral Vector at JoVE.com

Generation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Peripheral Blood Using the STEMCCA Lentiviral Vector

Hier zeigen wir, ein einfaches und effektives Protokoll für die Herstellung von menschlichen IPSCs 3-4 ml peripheres Blut unter Verwendung eines einzigen lentiviralen Vektors Umprogrammierung. Reprogrammierung von leicht verfügbaren Blutkörperchen verspricht die Nutzung von iPS-Technologie, indem sie Zugang zu einem breiteren Forschungsgemeinschaft beschleunigen.

Generation of Human induzierten pluripotenten Stammzellen aus dem peripheren Blut mit dem STEMCCA Lentivirusvektor

Through the ectopic expression of four transcription factors, Oct4, Klf4, Sox2 and cMyc, human somatic cells can be converted to a pluripotent state, ...

generation-human-induced-pluripotent-stem-cells-from-peripheral-blood

Research

JoVE Journal

Biology

26.4K Aufrufe.  Boston University School of Medicine. Hier zeigen wir, ein einfaches und effektives Protokoll für die Herstellung von menschlichen IPSCs 3-4 ml peripheres Blut unter Verwendung eines einzigen lentiviralen Vektors Umprogrammierung. Reprogrammierung von leicht verfügbaren Blutkörperchen verspricht die Nutzung von iPS-Technologie, indem sie Zugang zu einem breiteren Forschungsgemeinschaft beschleunigen.

Serie: Generation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Peripheral Blood Using the STEMCCA Lentiviral Vector

Generation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells by Reprogramming Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts with a Four Transcription Factor, Doxycycline Inducible Lentiviral Transduction System

Using a defined set of transcription factors and cell culture conditions, Yamanaka and colleagues demonstrated that retrovirus-mediated delivery and expression of Oct4, Sox2, c-Myc, and Klf4 is capable of inducing pluripotency in mouse fibroblasts.1 Subsequent reports have demonstrated the utility of the doxycycline (DOX) inducible lentiviral delivery system for the generation of both primary and secondary iPS cells from a variety of other adult mouse somatic cell types.2,3
Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells are similar to embryonic stem (ES) cells in morphology, proliferation and ability to induce teratoma formation. Both types of cell can be used as the pluripotent starting material for the generation of differentiated cells or tissues in regenerative medicine.4-6 iPS cells also have a distinct advantage over ES cells as they exhibit key properties of ES cells without the ethical dilemma of embryo destruction.
Here we demonstrate the protocol for reprogramming mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells with the Stemgent DOX Inducible Mouse TF Lentivirus Set. We also demonstrate that the Stemgent DOX Inducible Mouse TF Lentivirus Set is capable of expressing each of the four transcription factors upon transduction into MEFs thereby inducing a pluripotent stem cell state that displays the pluripotency markers characteristic of ES cells.

The Stemgent Dox Inducible Mouse TF Lentivirus Set can reprogram mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) to induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. Here we demonstrate the protocol for DOX-inducible expression of mouse reprogramming transcription factors Oct4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc to generate iPS colonies that express common mES pluripotency markers.

Erzeugung von induzierten pluripotenten Stammzellen durch Reprogrammierung embryonalen Maus-Fibroblasten mit einem Vier Transcription Factor, induzierbare Doxycycline Lentivirale Transduktionssystems

Using a defined set of transcription factors and cell culture conditions, Yamanaka and colleagues demonstrated that retrovirus-mediated delivery and ...

Forschung

Biologie

Generation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells by Reprogramming Human Fibroblasts with the Stemgent Human TF Lentivirus Set

In 2006, Yamanaka and colleagues first demonstrated that retrovirus-mediated delivery and expression of Oct4, Sox2, c-Myc and Klf4 is capable of inducing the pluripotent state in mouse fibroblasts.1 The same group also reported the successful reprogramming of human somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells using human versions of the same transcription factors delivered by retroviral vectors.2 Additionally, James Thomson et al. reported that the lentivirus-mediated co-expression of another set of factors (Oct4, Sox2, Nanog and Lin28) was capable of reprogramming human somatic cells into iPS cells.3
iPS cells are similar to ES cells in morphology, proliferation and the ability to differentiate into all tissue types of the body. Human iPS cells have a distinct advantage over ES cells as they exhibit key properties of ES cells without the ethical dilemma of embryo destruction. The generation of patient-specific iPS cells circumvents an important roadblock to personalized regenerative medicine therapies by eliminating the potential for immune rejection of non-autologous transplanted cells.
Here we demonstrate the protocol for reprogramming human fibroblast cells using the Stemgent Human TF Lentivirus Set. We also show that cells reprogrammed with this set begin to show iPS morphology four days post-transduction. Using the Stemolecule Y27632, we selected for iPS cells and observed correct morphology after three sequential rounds of colony picking and passaging. We also demonstrate that after reprogramming cells displayed the pluripotency marker AP, surface markers TRA-1-81, TRA-1-60, SSEA-4, and SSEA-3, and nuclear markers Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog.

We demonstrate the protocol for the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells from human somatic cells using lentivirus-mediated delivery of the human factors Oct4, Sox2, Nanog, and Lin28. Pluripotency was confirmed by morphology and the presence of embryonic stem (ES) cell-specific markers.

Erzeugung von induzierten pluripotenten Stammzellen durch Reprogrammierung menschlichen Fibroblasten mit dem Stemgent Menschliche TF Lentivirus Set

In 2006, Yamanaka and colleagues first demonstrated that retrovirus-mediated delivery and expression of Oct4, Sox2, c-Myc and Klf4 is capable of inducing ...

Transfecting and Nucleofecting Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Genetic modification is continuing to be an essential tool in studying stem cell biology and in setting forth potential clinical applications of human embryonic stem cells (HESCs)1. While improvements in several gene delivery methods have been described2-9, transfection remains a capricious process for HESCs, and has not yet been reported in human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). In this video, we demonstrate how our lab routinely transfects and nucleofects human iPSCs using plasmid with an enhanced green fluorescence protein (eGFP) reporter. Human iPSCs are adapted and maintained as feeder-free cultures to eliminate the possibility of feeder cell transfection and to allow efficient selection of stable transgenic iPSC clones following transfection. For nucleofection, human iPSCs are pre-treated with ROCK inhibitor11, trypsinized into small clumps of cells, nucleofected and replated on feeders in feeder cell-conditioned medium to enhance cell recovery. Transgene-expressing human iPSCs can be obtained after 6 hours. Antibiotic selection is applied after 24 hours and stable transgenic lines appear within 1 week. Our protocol is robust and reproducible for human iPSC lines without altering pluripotency of these cells.

Despite recent advancements in genetic modification, transfection of human embryonic stem cells (HESCs) remains a capricious process. To our knowledge, systematic and efficient methods to transfect human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have not been reported. Here, we describe robust protocols to efficiently transfect and nucleofect human iPSCs.

Transfektion und Nucleofecting menschlichen induzierten pluripotenten Stammzellen

Genetic modification is continuing to be an essential tool in studying stem cell biology and in setting forth potential clinical applications of human ...

Selecting and Isolating Colonies of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Reprogrammed from Adult Fibroblasts

Herein we present a protocol of reprogramming human adult fibroblasts into human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) using retroviral vectors encoding Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-myc (OSKM) in the presence of sodium butyrate 1-3. We used this method to reprogram late passage (&gt;p10) human adult fibroblasts derived from Friedreich's ataxia patient (GM03665, Coriell Repository). The reprogramming approach includes highly efficient transduction protocol using repetitive centrifugation of fibroblasts in the presence of virus-containing media. The reprogrammed hiPSC colonies were identified using live immunostaining for Tra-1-81, a surface marker of pluripotent cells, separated from non-reprogrammed fibroblasts and manually passaged 4,5. These hiPSC were then transferred to Matrigel plates and grown in feeder-free conditions, directly from the reprogramming plate. Starting from the first passage, hiPSC colonies demonstrate characteristic hES-like morphology. Using this protocol more than 70% of selected colonies can be successfully expanded and established into cell lines. The established hiPSC lines displayed characteristic pluripotency markers including surface markers TRA-1-60 and SSEA-4, as well as nuclear markers Oct3/4, Sox2 and Nanog. 
The protocol presented here has been established and tested using adult fibroblasts obtained from Friedreich's ataxia patients and control individuals 6, human newborn fibroblasts, as well as human keratinocytes.

We present a protocol for efficient reprogramming of human somatic cells into human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) using retroviral vectors encoding Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-myc (OSKM) and identification of correctly reprogrammed hiPSC by live staining with Tra-1-81 antibody.

Selektieren und Isolieren Colonies of Human induzierten pluripotenten Stammzellen aus adulten Fibroblasten Umprogrammierte

Herein we present a protocol of reprogramming human adult fibroblasts into human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) using retroviral vectors encoding ...

Reprogramming Human Somatic Cells into Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) Using Retroviral Vector with GFP

Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are pluripotent and an invaluable cellular sources for in vitro disease modeling and regenerative medicine1. It has been previously shown that human somatic cells can be reprogrammed to pluripotency by ectopic expression of four transcription factors (Oct4, Sox2, Klf4 and Myc) and become induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)2-4 . Like hESCs, human iPSCs are pluripotent and a potential source for autologous cells. Here we describe the protocol to reprogram human fibroblast cells with the four reprogramming factors cloned into GFP-containing retroviral backbone4. Using the following protocol, we generate human iPSCs in 3-4 weeks under human ESC culture condition. Human iPSC colonies closely resemble hESCs in morphology and display the loss of GFP fluorescence as a result of retroviral transgene silencing. iPSC colonies isolated mechanically under a fluorescence microscope behave in a similar fashion as hESCs. In these cells, we detect the expression of multiple pluripotency genes and surface markers.

Reprogramming Human Somatic Cells into Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells iPSCs Using Retroviral Vector with GFP

A method to generate human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) via retrovirus-mediated ectopic expression of OCT4, SOX2, KLF4 and MYC is described. A practical way to identify human iPSC colonies based on GFP expression is also discussed.

Reprogrammierung menschlichen Körperzellen in induzierte pluripotente Stammzellen (IPSCs) mit retroviralen Vektoren mit GFP

Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are pluripotent and an invaluable cellular sources for in vitro disease modeling and regenerative medicine1. It has ...

Generation of Mice Derived from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

The production of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from somatic cells provides a means to create valuable tools for basic research and may also produce a source of patient-matched cells for regenerative therapies. iPSCs may be generated using multiple protocols and derived from multiple cell sources. Once generated, iPSCs are tested using a variety of assays including immunostaining for pluripotency markers, generation of three germ layers in embryoid bodies and teratomas, comparisons of gene expression with embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and production of chimeric mice with or without germline contribution2. Importantly, iPSC lines that pass these tests still vary in their capacity to produce different differentiated cell types2. This has made it difficult to establish which iPSC derivation protocols, donor cell sources or selection methods are most useful for different applications.
The most stringent test of whether a stem cell line has sufficient developmental potential to generate all tissues required for survival of an organism (termed full pluripotency) is tetraploid embryo complementation (TEC)3-5. Technically, TEC involves electrofusion of two-cell embryos to generate tetraploid (4n) one-cell embryos that can be cultured in vitro to the blastocyst stage6. Diploid (2n) pluripotent stem cells (e.g. ESCs or iPSCs) are then injected into the blastocoel cavity of the tetraploid blastocyst and transferred to a recipient female for gestation (see Figure 1). The tetraploid component of the complemented embryo contributes almost exclusively to the extraembryonic tissues (placenta, yolk sac), whereas the diploid cells constitute the embryo proper, resulting in a fetus derived entirely from the injected stem cell line.
Recently, we reported the derivation of iPSC lines that reproducibly generate adult mice via TEC1. These iPSC lines give rise to viable pups with efficiencies of 5-13%, which is comparable to ESCs3,4,7 and higher than that reported for most other iPSC lines8-12. These reports show that direct reprogramming can produce fully pluripotent iPSCs that match ESCs in their developmental potential and efficiency of generating pups in TEC tests. At present, it is not clear what distinguishes between fully pluripotent iPSCs and less potent lines13-15. Nor is it clear which reprogramming methods will produce these lines with the highest efficiency. Here we describe one method that produces fully pluripotent iPSCs and "all- iPSC" mice, which may be helpful for investigators wishing to compare the pluripotency of iPSC lines or establish the equivalence of different reprogramming methods.

Generating induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines produces lines of differing developmental potential even when they pass standard tests for pluripotency. Here we describe a protocol to produce mice derived entirely from iPSCs, which defines the iPSC lines as possessing full pluripotency1.

Generation der Mäuse aus induzierten pluripotenten Stammzellen

The production of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from somatic cells provides a means to create valuable tools for basic research and may also ...

Rapid and Efficient Generation of Neurons from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells in a Multititre Plate Format

Existing protocols for the generation of neurons from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are often tedious in that they are multistep procedures involving the isolation and expansion of neural precursor cells, prior to terminal differentiation. In comparison to these time-consuming approaches, we have recently found that combined inhibition of three signaling pathways, TGF&beta;/SMAD2, BMP/SMAD1, and FGF/ERK, promotes rapid induction of neuroectoderm from hPSCs, followed by immediate differentiation into functional neurons. Here, we have adapted our procedure to a novel multititre plate format, to further enhance its reproducibility and to make it compatible with mid-throughput applications. It comprises four days of neuroectoderm formation in floating spheres (embryoid bodies), followed by a further four days of differentiation into neurons under adherent conditions. Most cells obtained with this protocol appear to be bipolar sensory neurons. Moreover, the procedure is highly efficient, does not require particular expert skills, and is based on a simple chemically defined medium with cost-efficient small molecules. Due to these features, the procedure may serve as a useful platform for further functional investigation as well as for cell-based screening approaches requiring human sensory neurons or neurons of any type.

Protocols for neuronal differentiation of pluripotent human stem cells (hPSCs) are often time-consuming and require substantial cell culture skills. Here, we have adapted a small molecule-based differentiation procedure to a multititre plate format, allowing simple, rapid, and efficient generation of human neurons in a controlled manner.

Schnelle und effiziente Erzeugung von Neuronen aus menschlichen pluripotenten Stammzellen in einem Multititre Platte Format

Existing protocols for the generation of neurons from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are often tedious in that they are  multistep procedures ...

Generation of Human Cardiomyocytes: A Differentiation Protocol from Feeder-free Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

In order to investigate the events driving heart development and to determine the molecular mechanisms leading to myocardial diseases in humans, it is essential first to generate functional human cardiomyocytes (CMs). The use of these cells in drug discovery and toxicology studies would also be highly beneficial, allowing new pharmacological molecules for the treatment of cardiac disorders to be validated pre-clinically on cells of human origin. Of the possible sources of CMs, induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells are among the most promising, as they can be derived directly from readily accessible patient tissue and possess an intrinsic capacity to give rise to all cell types of the body 1. Several methods have been proposed for differentiating iPS cells into CMs, ranging from the classical embryoid bodies (EBs) aggregation approach to chemically defined protocols 2,3. In this article we propose an EBs-based protocol and show how this method can be employed to efficiently generate functional CM-like cells from feeder-free iPS cells.

Pluripotent stem cells, either embryonic or induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, constitute a valuable source of human differentiated cells, including cardiomyocytes. Here, we will focus on cardiac induction of iPS cells, showing how to use them to obtain functional human cardiomyocytes through an embryoid bodies-based protocol.

Generation of Human Cardiomyocytes: Eine Differenzierung Protokoll von Feeder-freien menschlichen induzierten pluripotenten Stammzellen

In order to investigate the events driving heart development and to determine the molecular mechanisms leading to myocardial diseases in humans, it is ...

Efficient Generation Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Human Somatic Cells with Sendai-virus

A few years ago, the establishment of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) ushered in a new era in biomedicine. Potential uses of human iPSCs include modeling pathogenesis of human genetic diseases, autologous cell therapy after gene correction, and personalized drug screening by providing a source of patient-specific and symptom relevant cells. However, there are several hurdles to overcome, such as eliminating the remaining reprogramming factor transgene expression after human iPSCs production. More importantly, residual transgene expression in undifferentiated human iPSCs could hamper proper differentiations and misguide the interpretation of disease-relevant in vitro phenotypes. With this reason, integration-free and/or transgene-free human iPSCs have been developed using several methods, such as adenovirus, the piggyBac system, minicircle vector, episomal vectors, direct protein delivery and synthesized mRNA. However, efficiency of reprogramming using integration-free methods is quite low in most cases.
Here, we present a method to isolate human iPSCs by using Sendai-virus (RNA virus) based reprogramming system. This reprogramming method shows consistent results and high efficiency in cost-effective manner.

Here, we present our established method to reprogram human somatic cells into transgene-free human iPSCs with Sendai virus, which shows consistent outcome and enhanced efficiency.

Effiziente Erzeugung Menschen induzierten pluripotenten Stammzellen aus menschlichen Körperzellen mit Sendai-Virus

A few years ago, the establishment of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) ushered in a new era in biomedicine. Potential uses of human iPSCs ...

Generation and Culture of Blood Outgrowth Endothelial Cells from Human Peripheral Blood

Historically, the limited availability of primary endothelial cells from patients with vascular disorders has hindered the study of the molecular mechanisms underlying endothelial dysfunction in these individuals. However, the recent identification of blood outgrowth endothelial cells (BOECs), generated from circulating endothelial progenitors in adult peripheral blood, may circumvent this limitation by offering an endothelial-like, primary cell surrogate for patient-derived endothelial cells. Beyond their value to understanding endothelial biology and disease modeling, BOECs have potential uses in endothelial cell transplantation therapies. They are also a suitable cellular substrate for the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) via nuclear reprogramming, offering a number of advantages over other cell types. We describe a method for the reliable generation, culture and characterization of BOECs from adult peripheral blood for use in these and other applications. This approach (i) allows for the generation of patient-specific endothelial cells from a relatively small volume of adult peripheral blood and (ii) produces cells that are highly similar to primary endothelial cells in morphology, cell signaling and gene expression.

This protocol allows for the reliable generation and characterization of blood outgrowth endothelial cells (BOECs) from a small volume of adult peripheral blood. BOECs can be used as a surrogate for endothelial cells from patients with vascular disorders and as a substrate for the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells.