Neurodegenerative disorders are progressive diseases that cause irreversible damage and loss to neurons in specific brain areas. Examples of these disorders include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). These disorders share characteristics such as proteinopathies, selective neuronal vulnerability, and a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The primary therapeutic goal for these conditions is to alleviate symptoms and slow the progression of the underlying neurodegenerative process, even though a cure remains elusive.

Parkinsonism is a clinical syndrome involving bradykinesia, muscular rigidity, resting tremor, and impaired postural balance. The most predominant Parkinsonism is idiopathic Parkinson's disease, featuring degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra region of the brain. Pseudoparkinsonism, on the other hand, mimics the symptoms of Parkinson's but is usually caused by certain dopamine-disrupting medications like haloperidol and phenothiazine or other health conditions. The pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease involves basal ganglia dysfunction and an imbalance between direct and indirect neural pathways. This disease's primary pathological feature includes Lewy bodies and intracellular inclusions containing aggregated α-synuclein proteins.

Treatment for Parkinsonism primarily uses levodopa (L-DOPA), a dopamine precursor that increases its levels in the brain, helping to manage the symptoms. It may be used in conjunction with carbidopa (Lodosyn). Ongoing research focuses on developing newer and better therapeutic strategies, such as immunization against α-synuclein and gene therapy. Despite the challenges, understanding the mechanisms behind these disorders offers hope for future breakthroughs in their management and potential cure.

Del capítulo 15:

article

Now Playing

15.5 : Parkinson's Disease: Overview

Pharmacotherapy of Depression and Anxiety Disorders

107 Vistas

article

15.1 : Depresión: Introducción

Pharmacotherapy of Depression and Anxiety Disorders

108 Vistas

article

15.2 : Fármacos antidepresivos: información general

Pharmacotherapy of Depression and Anxiety Disorders

181 Vistas

article

15.3 : Fármacos antidepresivos: tricíclicos, ISRS e IRSN

Pharmacotherapy of Depression and Anxiety Disorders

112 Vistas

article

15.4 : Fármacos antidepresivos: IMAO y otros agentes

Pharmacotherapy of Depression and Anxiety Disorders

79 Vistas

article

15.6 : Enfermedad de Parkinson: tratamiento

Pharmacotherapy of Depression and Anxiety Disorders

73 Vistas

article

15.7 : Enfermedad de Alzheimer: Información general

Pharmacotherapy of Depression and Anxiety Disorders

144 Vistas

article

15.8 : Enfermedad de Alzheimer: tratamiento

Pharmacotherapy of Depression and Anxiety Disorders

76 Vistas

JoVE Logo

Privacidad

Condiciones de uso

Políticas

Investigación

Educación

ACERCA DE JoVE

Copyright © 2025 MyJoVE Corporation. Todos los derechos reservados