Name: isolating stem cells from soft musculoskeletal tissues
Uploaded: 2010-07-05T17:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Isolating Stem Cells from Soft Musculoskeletal Tissues at JoVE.com

The authors are greatly appreciative of Ms. Haiying Pan and Mr. Ian Bellayr for their technical help on cell isolation for the current films and Mr. Kyle Holden and Mr. Jonathan Lucas for their help on slide editing. Many thanks to the following list of persons who have been involved with the development of the modified preplate techniques over the past years: Drs. Burhan Gharaibeh, BaoHong Cao, Deasy Bridget, Thomas R. Payne, Aiping Lu, Hairong Peng, Hideki Oshima, Bo Zeng, Xiaodong Mu, Kimimasa Tobita, Ron Jankowski, Makato Ikezawa. We are grateful for the technical assistance from James H. Cummins, Ryan Pruchnic, Joseph Feduska, Rebecca C. Schugar, Haiying Pan and Jessica Tebbets. The author also would like to acknowledge the financial support for this work from the Muscular Dystrophy Association (MDA), the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the Department of Defense (DOD), the Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, and the University of Pittsburgh.

In general, the complete modified preplate procedure requires 1-2 days of preparation, 1 week of performing the technical procedure, 2-3 days of cell identification with immunocytochemistry, and an additional 2-3 weeks of stem cell population expansion. The equipment required for stem cell culture are similar to that of other cell culture systems which includes a bench-top centrifuge, CO2 incubator, Laminar flow tissue culture hood and an inverted microscope equipped with fluorescence and a digital camera. The...

<ol>
	<li>Gharaibeh, B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Isolation+of+a+slowly+adhering+cell+fraction+containing+stem+cells+from+murine+skeletal+muscle+by+the+preplate+technique.">Isolation of a slowly adhering cell fraction containing stem cells from murine skeletal muscle by the preplate technique.</a> Nat Protoc. 3, 1501-1509 (2008).</li><li>Qu-Petersen, Z. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Identification+of+a+novel+population+of+muscle+stem+cells+in+mice:+potential+for+muscle+regeneration.">Identification of a novel population of muscle stem cells in mice: potential for muscle regeneration.</a> J Cell Biol. 157, 851-864 (2002).</li><li>Li, Y. &. a. m. p. ;. a. m. p., Huard, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Differentiation+of+muscle-derived+cells+into+myofibroblasts+in+injured+skeletal+muscle.">Differentiation of muscle-derived cells into myofibroblasts in injured skeletal muscle.</a> Am J Pathol. 161, 895-907 (2002).</li><li>Watt, D. J., Lambert, K., Morgan, J. E., Partridge, T. A. &. a. m. p. ;. a. m. p., Sloper, J. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Incorporation+of+donor+muscle+precursor+cells+into+an+area+of+muscle+regeneration+in+the+host+mouse.">Incorporation of donor muscle precursor cells into an area of muscle regeneration in the host mouse.</a> J Neurol Sci. 57, 319-331 (1982).</li><li>Lu, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Isolation+of+myogenic+progenitor+populations+from+Pax7-deficient+skeletal+muscle+based+on+adhesion+characteristics.">Isolation of myogenic progenitor populations from Pax7-deficient skeletal muscle based on adhesion characteristics.</a> Gene Ther. 15, 1116-1125 (2008).</li><li>Lee, J. Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Clonal+isolation+of+muscle-derived+cells+capable+of+enhancing+muscle+regeneration+and+bone+healing.">Clonal isolation of muscle-derived cells capable of enhancing muscle regeneration and bone healing.</a> J Cell Biol. 150, 1085-1100 (2000).</li><li>Cao, B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+role+of+receptors+in+the+maturation-dependent+adenoviral+transduction+of+myofibers.">The role of receptors in the maturation-dependent adenoviral transduction of myofibers.</a> Gene Ther. 8, 627-637 (2001).</li><li>Cao, B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Muscle+stem+cells+differentiate+into+haematopoietic+lineages+but+retain+myogenic+potential.">Muscle stem cells differentiate into haematopoietic lineages but retain myogenic potential.</a> Nat Cell Biol. 5, 640-646 (2003).</li><li>Huard, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Regenerative+medicine+based+on+muscle+stem+cells.">Regenerative medicine based on muscle stem cells.</a> J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact. 8, (2008).</li><li>Gates, C. B., Karthikeyan, T., Fu, F. &. a. m. p. ;. a. m. p., Huard, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Regenerative+medicine+for+the+musculoskeletal+system+based+on+muscle-derived+stem+cells.">Regenerative medicine for the musculoskeletal system based on muscle-derived stem cells.</a> J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 16, 68-76 (2008).</li></ol>

It has been recognized that some adult tissues contain multiple stem cells. Over the past few years of study, stem cells have been detected in the soft musculoskeletal tissues, including skeletal muscle and tendon. This current protocol details a procedure, known as the modified preplate technique, that has been successfully used in our laboratory to isolate adult stem cells from tendons and skeletal muscle. Using the modified preplate technique described above the cells can be divided into several populations based on t...

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">	
		
		<div>
		<table border="1">
		<thead>
		<tr>
		<th>Material Name</th>
		<th>Type</th>
		<th>Company</th>
		<th>Catalogue Number</th>
		<th>Comment</th>
		</tr>
		</thead>
		<tbody>
		
<tr>
<td>DMEM</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Invitrogen</td>
<td>#11995-073</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>FBS</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Invitrogen</td>
<td>#10437-028</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Heat-inactivated horse serum</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Invitrogen</td>
<td>#26050-088</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Chick embryo extract</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Accurate Chemical</td>
<td>#CE650T-10</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>100U ml penicillin/streptomycin</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Invitrogen</td>
<td>#15140-122</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Dulbecco&#x2019;s PBS</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Invitrogen</td>
<td>#14190-250</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Hank&#x2019;s Buffered Salt Solution</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Invitrogen</td>
<td>#24020-117</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Collagenase type XI 0.2%(wt/vol)</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
<td>#C7657</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Dispase2.4U ml</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Invitrogen</td>
<td>#17105-041</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Trypsin-EDTA0.5%(wt/vol) (10x;5g liter trypsin (1:250)</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Invitrogen</td>
<td>#15400-054</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Collagen for coating flask : Type I collagen derived from calf skin 0.1 g liter</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
<td>#C-9791</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>DMSO</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Sigma</td>
<td>#D-2650</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>		</tbody>
		</table>
		</div>

isolating stem cells from soft musculoskeletal tissues

Adult stem cells have long been discussed in regards to their application in regenerative medicine. Adult stem cells have generated a great deal of excitement for treating injured and diseased tissues due to their impressive capabilities to undergo multi-lineage cell differentiation and their self-renewal ability. Most importantly, these qualities have made them advantageous for use in autologous cell transplantation therapies. The current protocol will introduce the readers to the modified preplate technique where soft tissues of the musculoskeletal system, e.g. tendon and muscle, are 1st enzymatically dissociated and then placed in collagen coated flasks with medium. The supernatant, which is composed of medium and the remaining floating cells, is serially transferred daily to new flasks. The stem cells are the slowest to adhere to the flasks which is usually takes 5-7 days (serial transfers or preplates) . By using this technique, adult stem cells present in these tissues can be easily harvested through fairly non-invasive procedures.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Isolating Stem Cells from Soft Musculoskeletal Tissues at JoVE.com

Isolating Stem Cells from Soft Musculoskeletal Tissues

Isolating adult stem cells from musculoskeletal soft tissues based on the cell's adherence speed to flask.

Adult stem cells have long been discussed in regards to their application in regenerative medicine. Adult stem cells have generated a great deal of ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Biology

Derivation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells from Murine Embryonic Stem Cells

A stem cell is defined as a cell with the capacity to both self-renew and generate multiple differentiated progeny.  Embryonic stem cells (ESC) are ...

Isolation and Analysis of Hematopoietic Stem Cells from the Placenta

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have the ability to self-renew and generate all cell types of the blood lineages throughout the lifetime of an individual. ...

Chromatin Immunoprecipitation from Human Embryonic Stem Cells

The functional and structural complexity of the myriad of cells in metazoan organisms arises from a small number of stem cells. Stem cells are ...

Derivation of Mouse Trophoblast Stem Cells from Blastocysts

Specification of the trophectoderm is one of the earliest differentiation events of mammalian development. The trophoblast lineage derived from the ...

Isolation of Stem Cells from Human Pancreatic Cancer Xenografts

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been identified in a growing number of malignancies and are functionally defined by their ability to undergo self-renewal ...

Isolation of Retinal Stem Cells from the Mouse Eye

The adult mouse retinal stem cell (RSC) is a rare quiescent cell found within the ciliary epithelium (CE) of the mammalian eye1,2,3. The CE is made up of ...

Selecting and Isolating Colonies of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Reprogrammed from Adult Fibroblasts

Herein we present a protocol of reprogramming human adult fibroblasts into human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) using retroviral vectors encoding ...

Generation of Mice Derived from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

The production of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from somatic cells provides a means to create valuable tools for basic research and may also ...

Isolating Primary Melanocyte-like Cells from the Mouse Heart

We identified a novel population of melanocyte-like cells (also known as cardiac melanocytes) in the hearts of mice and humans that contribute to atrial ...

Induction and Analysis of Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition

Epithelial  to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is essential for proper morphogenesis during  development. Misregulation of this  process has been implicated ...