Perfusion decellularization is a novel technique to produce whole liver scaffolds that retains the organ's extracellular matrix composition and microarchitecture. Herein, the method of preparing whole organ scaffolds using perfusion decellularization and subsequent repopulation with hepatocytes is described. Functional and transplantable liver grafts can be generated using this technique.

Medicine

Ex Situ Normothermic Machine Perfusion of Donor Livers

Negin Karimian^1,2, Alix P.M. Matton^1,2, Andrie C. Westerkamp^1,2, Laura C. Burlage^1,2, Sanna op den Dries^1,2, Henri G.D. Leuvenink², Ton Lisman^1,2, Korkut Uygun³, James F. Markmann⁴, Robert J. Porte^1,2

¹Section of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, ²Surgical Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, ³Center of Engineering in Medicine/Surgical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and Shriners Burns Hospital, ⁴Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School

Here we present a protocol describing oxygenated ex situ machine perfusion of donor liver grafts. This article contains a step by step protocol to procure and prepare the liver graft for machine perfusion, prepare the perfusion fluid, prime the perfusion machine and perform oxygenated normothermic machine perfusion of the liver graft.

Medicine

Functional Human Liver Preservation and Recovery by Means of Subnormothermic Machine Perfusion

Bote G. Bruinsma^*1, James H. Avruch^*2, Pepijn D. Weeder¹, Gautham V. Sridharan¹, Basak E. Uygun¹, Negin G. Karimian¹, Robert J. Porte³, James F. Markmann², Heidi Yeh², Korkut Uygun¹

¹Center for Engineering in Medicine, Dept. of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, ²Transplant Center, Dept. of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, ³Section of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen

We describe a method of ex vivo machine perfusion of human liver grafts at subnormothermic temperature (21 °C).

Bioengineering

High Speed Sub-GHz Spectrometer for Brillouin Scattering Analysis

Kim V. Berghaus¹, Seok H. Yun^2,3, Giuliano Scarcelli¹

¹Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, ²Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, ³The Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Here we present a protocol to build a rapid Brillouin spectrometer. Cascading virtually imaged phase array (VIPA) etalons achieve a measurement speed more than 1,000 times faster than traditional scanning Fabry-Perot spectrometers. This improvement provides the means for Brillouin analysis of tissue and biomaterials at low power levels in vivo.

Bioengineering

Bulk Droplet Vitrification for Primary Hepatocyte Preservation

Reinier J. de Vries^1,2,3, Peony D. Banik^1,2, Sonal Nagpal^1,2, Lindong Weng^1,2, Sinan Ozer^1,2, Thomas M. van Gulik³, Mehmet Toner^1,2, Shannon N. Tessier^1,2, Korkut Uygun^1,2

¹Center for Engineering in Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, ²Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, ³Department of Surgery, University of Amsterdam

This manuscript describes an ice-free cryopreservation method for large quantities of rat hepatocytes whereby primary cells are pre-incubated with cryoprotective agents at a low concentration and vitrified in large droplets.

Immunology and Infection

Partial Heterotopic Hindlimb Transplantation Model in Rats

Marion Goutard^1,2,3, Mark A. Randolph^1,2,3, Corentin B. Taveau^1,2,3,4, Elise Lupon^1,2,3, Laurent Lantieri⁴, Korkut Uygun^1,2,3, Curtis L. Cetrulo Jr.^*1,2,3, Alexandre G. Lellouch^*1,2,3,4

¹Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, ²Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation Laboratory, Center for Transplantation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, ³Shriners Hospital for Children, ⁴Service de Chirurgie Plastique, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Université de Paris

This paper presents a partial heterotopic osteomyocutaneous flap transplantation protocol in rats and its potential outcomes in the mid-term follow-up.