The authors thank Christiane Pahrmann (Lab Manager).

<ol>
 <li>Male Balb/C mice (8-12 weeks) are purchased from Charles River Laboratories (Sulzfeld, Germany). The mice are housed under conventional conditions, fed standard mice food and water ad libitum.</li>
 <li>2% Isofluran is used for anesthesia.</li>
</ol>
DONOR PREPARATION
<ol>
 <li>Shave the abdominal hair and disinfect the area using betaisodona.</li>
 <li>Under microscopic view, perform a midline cervical incision from the level of the larynx to the sternum.</li>
 <li>Remove the subcutaneous fat an...

<ol>
	<li>Adams, B., Berry, G., Huang, X., Shorthouse, R., Brazelton, T., Morris, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Immunosuppressive+therapies+for+the+prevention+and+treatment+of+obliterative+airway+disease+in+heterotopic+rat+trachea+allografts.">Immunosuppressive therapies for the prevention and treatment of obliterative airway disease in heterotopic rat trachea allografts.</a> Transplantation. 69, 2260-2266 .</li><li>Adams, B., Brazelton, T., Berry, G., Morris, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+role+of+respiratory+epithelium+in+a+rat+model+of+obliterative+airway+disease.">The role of respiratory epithelium in a rat model of obliterative airway disease.</a> Transplantation. 69, 661-665 .</li><li>Deuse, T., Schrepfer, S., Reichenspurner, H., Hoyt, G., Fischbein, M., Robbins, R., Pelletier, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Techniques+for+experimental+heterotopic+and+orthotopic+tracheal+transplantations+&amp;#x2013;+when+to+use+which+model;+Transplant+Immunology+17.">Techniques for experimental heterotopic and orthotopic tracheal transplantations &amp;#x2013; when to use which model; Transplant Immunology 17.</a> , 255-261 (2007).</li><li>Hele, D., Yacoub, M., Belvisi, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+heterotopic+tracheal+allograft+as+an+animal+model+of+obliterative+bronchiolitis.">The heterotopic tracheal allograft as an animal model of obliterative bronchiolitis.</a> Respiratory Research. 2, 169-183 .</li><li>Hertz, M., Jessurun, J., King, M., Savic, S., Murray, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Reproduction+of+the+obliterative+bronchiolitis+lesion+after+heterotopic+transplantation+of+mouse+airways.">Reproduction of the obliterative bronchiolitis lesion after heterotopic transplantation of mouse airways.</a> American Journal of Pathology. 142, (1993).</li><li>McDyer, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Human+and+murine+obliterative+bronchiolitis+in+transplant.">Human and murine obliterative bronchiolitis in transplant.</a> Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society. 4, 37-43 .</li><li>Schrepfer, S., Deuse, T., Hoyt, G., Sheikh, A., Hoffmann, J., Reichenspurner, H., Robbins, R., Pelletier, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Experimental+orthotopic+tracheal+transplantation:+the+stanford+technique.">Experimental orthotopic tracheal transplantation: the stanford technique.</a> Microsurgery. 27, 187-189 (2007).</li></ol>

Mice are available in different transgeneic and knockout model, and therefore suitable to study mechanistic questions related to OAD (4). 
 Both models of tracheal transplantation shown in this video can be used as reliable models for studying OAD development. 
 However, each model demonstrates advantages and limitations.
The heterotopic tracheal transplantation is easy to perform and does not require special surgical training (3, 5). After het...

heterotopic and orthotopic tracheal transplantation in mice used as models to study the development of  obliterative airway disease

Obliterative airway disease (OAD) is the major complication after lung transplantations that limits long term survival (1-7).
To study the pathophysiology, treatment and prevention of OAD, different animal models of tracheal transplantation in rodents have been developed (1-7). Here, we use two established models of trachea transplantation, the heterotopic and orthotopic model and demonstrate their advantages and limitations.
For the heterotopic model, the donor trachea is wrapped into the greater omentum of the recipient, whereas the donor trachea is anastomosed by end-to-end anastomosis in the orthotopic model.
In both models, the development of obliterative lesions histological similar to clinical OAD has been demonstrated (1-7).
This video shows how to perform both, the heterotopic as well as the orthotopic tracheal transplantation technique in mice, and compares the time course of OAD development in both models using histology.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Heterotopic and Orthotopic Tracheal Transplantation in Mice used as Models to Study the Development of  Obliterative Airway Disease at JoVE.com

Heterotopic and Orthotopic Tracheal Transplantation in Mice used as Models to Study the Development of  Obliterative Airway Disease

This video shows and compares two experimental models to study the development of obliterative airway disease (OAD) in mice, the heterotopic and orthotopic tracheal transplantation model.

Obliterative airway disease (OAD) is the major complication after lung transplantations that limits long term survival (1-7).
To study the ...

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