Name: Video: Ex Vivo Culture of Patient Tissue & Examination of Gene Delivery
Uploaded: 2010-12-20T18:00:00.000+00:00
Duration: 5 min
Description: 11.1K Views. University College Cork. Questo articolo descrive la cultura di fette di tessuto dei pazienti per studi di consegna dei geni e successiva analisi di espressione genica utilizzando l'imaging bioluminescenza IVIS.

Questo lavoro è stato finanziato attraverso il Cork Sud Infermeria fondo Victoria University Hospital con il seno, il Cancer Society irlandese (CRI07TAN) e il Cancer Centre Cork Research. Replica incompetenti ricombinante adenovirus 5 particelle sotto il controllo trascrizionale del promotore di CMV è stata un dono gentile del Prof. Andrew Baker, Università di Glasgow.

Preparazione dei Media e reagenti <ol><li> Soluzione di antibiotici Tampone fosfato (PBS) con 200 U / ml di penicillina, 200 mg / ml di streptomicina, 5 mg / ml Fungizone </li><li> Raccolta e trattamento di medie Dulbecco modificato (DMEM) con 200 U / ml di penicillina, 200 mg / ml di streptomicina, 5 mg / ml Fungizone </li><li> Terreno di coltura Medio di raccolta contenente 10% di siero siero fetale bovino </li></ol> I. collezione di tessuti e di stoccaggio Approvazione per la raccolta dei tessuti dei pazienti è stata ottenuta dalla ricerca clinica Comitato Etico degli Ospedali insegnamento di Cork e il consenso informato è stato ottenuto dai pazienti il ​​giorno prima dell&#39;intervento. Tessuto epatico è stato ottenuto da pazienti sottoposti a epatectomia parziale per malattia maligna. <ol><li> Tessuto paziente fresca si ottiene al momento della resezione chirurgica. </li><li> Tessuti vengono memorizzati in supporti di raccolta a 4 ° C (Tissue possono essere conservati in frigorifero per un massimo di 12 ore senza una significativa perdita di vitalità, tuttavia il trattamento immediato è consigliato). </li></ol> II. Tessuto preparazione fetta e la cultura Affettare è stata effettuata utilizzando un vibratome (Leica, Germany). Il sistema di taglio del tessuto è stato utilizzato secondo le istruzioni del produttore. Fetta di preparazione dei tessuti è stata effettuata sotto una cappa sterile utilizzando strumenti puliti con 70% di 2-propanolo. Spessore della fetta si trova a 2.000 micron e tagliati con una lama alternativo a 22-26 giri al minuto. <ol><li> Il tessuto viene lavato in una soluzione antibiotica per tre volte. </li><li> Tessuto è attaccato alla fase di montaggio usando non tossico adesivo (Dermabond). </li><li> Spessore della fetta viene impostato e taglio viene raggiunta a 22-26 giri al minuto. </li><li> Fette sono mantenute nel terreno di cultura in 6 piatti ben cultura (una fetta per pozzetto) a 37 ° C con 5% di CO 2 in un ambiente umidificato. </li></ol> III. Gene consegna a fette di tessuto <ol><li> Fette sono pre-incubazione a 37 ° C per 2 ore prima del trattamento. </li><li> Terreno di coltura viene sostituito con terreno di trattamento. </li><li> Fette sono direttamente iniettati con vettore virale (25 ml di particelle virali Ad5.CMVluc [1x10 9]). In alternativa, le particelle possono essere aggiunti al mezzo, per infusione passiva. </li><li> Dopo due ore di incubazione, il siero viene aggiunto alla media. </li></ol> IV. Analisi dell&#39;espressione genica mediante l&#39;analisi bioluminescenti <ol><li> Fette vengono iniettati con 100 ml di substrato luciferina (3 mg / ml). </li><li> 6-ben piatto cultura è posto sul palco e incubate per 10 min. </li><li> Fette vengono esposte per 5 minuti ad alta sensibilità (Figura 1). </li></ol> V. Rappresentante Risultati <img src="/files/ftp_upload/2378/2378fig1.jpg" alt="Figura 1" /> Figura 1. Bioluminescent immagini di fette di fegato dei pazienti con sistema di rilevazione IVIS.

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	<li>van de Bovenkamp, M., Groothuis, G. M., Draaisma, A. L., Merema, M. T., Bezuijen, J. I., van Gils, M. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Precision-cut+liver+slices+as+a+new+model+to+study+toxicity-induced+hepatic+stellate+cell+activation+in+a+physiologic+milieu.">Precision-cut liver slices as a new model to study toxicity-induced hepatic stellate cell activation in a physiologic milieu.</a> Toxicol Sci. 85, 632-638 (2005).</li><li>Speirs, V., Green, A. R., Walton, D. S., Kerin, M. J., Fox, J. N., Carleton, P. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Short-term+primary+culture+of+epithelial+cells+derived+from+human+breast+tumours.">Short-term primary culture of epithelial cells derived from human breast tumours.</a> Br J Cancer. 78, 1421-1429 (1998).</li><li>Kirby, T. O., Rivera, A., Rein, D., Wang, M., Ulasov, I., Breidenbach, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+novel+ex+vivo+model+system+for+evaluation+of+conditionally+replicative+adenoviruses+therapeutic+efficacy+and+toxicity.">A novel ex vivo model system for evaluation of conditionally replicative adenoviruses therapeutic efficacy and toxicity.</a> Clin Cancer Res. 10, 8697-8703 (2004).</li><li>Josserand, V., Texier-Nogues, I., Huber, P., Favrot, M. C., Coll, J. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Non-invasive+in+vivo+optical+imaging+of+the+lacZ+and+luc+gene+expression+in+mice.">Non-invasive in vivo optical imaging of the lacZ and luc gene expression in mice.</a> Gene Ther. 14, 1587-1593 (2007).</li></ol>

Nessun conflitto di interessi dichiarati.

Descriviamo un ex paziente vivo metodo di coltura e sistema di rilevazione bioluminescenti per la valutazione di consegna del gene non fisse all&#39;interno dei tessuti umani. Il metodo offre un modo semplice e riproducibile di fette di tessuto coltura. Ha un potenziale significativo in quanto consente lo studio della consegna gene in intact tessuti umani, l&#39;analisi di consegna del gene in una varietà di tessuti umani, compreso il tessuto maligno e in grado di fornire importanti informazioni sugli effetti l&#39;elevato grado di variabilità tra i singoli pazienti rispetto per l&#39;assorbimento del gene. Diversi tipi di cancro possono avere diverse influenze sull&#39;efficacia delle diverse fasi di espressione del transgene nelle cellule di successo, coinvolgendo l&#39;assorbimento del DNA e successiva trascrizione e traduzione. Questi passaggi vengono descritti in dell&#39;animazione video, utilizzando vettori virali come esempio. Il sistema di rilevamento bioluminescenti dimostra quantificazione rapida e accurata di espressione genica in singole sezioni, senza la necessità del sacrificio dei tessuti. Per i vettori replica incapace, come impiegato in questo studio, luminescenza è direttamente correlata alla espressione genica di cellule. Questo modello di sistema fornirà preziose informazioni riguardo la consegna del gene nel tessuto del paziente prima di entrare in sperimentazione clinica.

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ex vivo culture of patient tissue &amp; examination of gene delivery

Questo video descrive l&#39;uso del tessuto paziente come un modello ex vivo per lo studio della consegna del gene. Tessuto paziente fresche ottenute al momento della chirurgia è affettata e mantenute in coltura. L&#39;ex sistema modello in vivo consente la consegna fisica dei geni nel tessuto del paziente intatta e l&#39;espressione genica viene analizzato per immagini bioluminescenza utilizzando il sistema di rilevazione IVIS. Il sistema di rilevamento bioluminescenti dimostra quantificazione rapida e accurata di espressione genica in singole sezioni, senza la necessità del sacrificio dei tessuti. Questo tessuto del sistema fetta cultura può essere utilizzato in una varietà di tipi di tessuto tra tessuto normale e maligna e ci permette di studiare gli effetti della natura eterogenea del tessuto intatto e l&#39;alto grado di variabilità tra singoli pazienti. Questo modello di sistema potrebbe essere usato in certe situazioni, come alternativa ai modelli animali e come modalità complementare preclinici prima di entrare in sperimentazione clinica.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Ex Vivo Culture of Patient Tissue & Examination of Gene Delivery at JoVE.com

Ex Vivo Culture of Patient Tissue & Examination of Gene Delivery

Questo articolo descrive la cultura di fette di tessuto dei pazienti per studi di consegna dei geni e successiva analisi di espressione genica utilizzando l&#39;imaging bioluminescenza IVIS.

Ex Cultura Vivo del tessuto del paziente e l&#39;esame di consegna Gene

This video describes the use of patient tissue as an ex vivo model for the study of gene delivery.  Fresh patient tissue obtained at the time of surgery ...

ex-vivo-culture-of-patient-tissue-examination-of-gene-delivery

Universidad San Sebastian

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Ex Vivo Culture of Patient Tissue &amp; Examination of Gene Delivery

11.1K Views.  University College Cork. Questo articolo descrive la cultura di fette di tessuto dei pazienti per studi di consegna dei geni e successiva analisi di espressione genica utilizzando l'imaging bioluminescenza IVIS.

Video: Ex Vivo Culture of Patient Tissue & Examination of Gene Delivery

Ex Vivo Infection of Live Tissue with Oncolytic Viruses

Oncolytic Viruses (OVs) are novel therapeutics that selectively replicate in and kill tumor cells1. Several clinical trials evaluating the effectiveness of a variety of oncolytic platforms including HSV, Reovirus, and Vaccinia OVs as treatment for cancer are currently underway2-5. One key characteristic of oncolytic viruses is that they can be genetically modified to express reporter transgenes which makes it possible to visualize the infection of tissues by microscopy or bio-luminescence imaging6,7. This offers a unique advantage since it is possible to infect tissues from patients ex vivo prior to therapy in order to ascertain the likelihood of successful oncolytic virotherapy8. To this end, it is critical to appropriately sample tissue to compensate for tissue heterogeneity and assess tissue viability, particularly prior to infection9. It is also important to follow viral replication using reporter transgenes if expressed by the oncolytic platform as well as by direct titration of tissues following homogenization in order to discriminate between abortive and productive infection. The object of this protocol is to address these issues and herein describes 1. The sampling and preparation of tumor tissue for cell culture 2. The assessment of tissue viability using the metabolic dye alamar blue 3. Ex vivo infection of cultured tissues with vaccinia virus expressing either GFP or firefly luciferase 4. Detection of transgene expression by fluorescence microscopy or using an In Vivo Imaging System (IVIS) 5. Quantification of virus by plaque assay. This comprehensive method presents several advantages including ease of tissue processing, compensation for tissue heterogeneity, control of tissue viability, and discrimination between abortive infection and bone fide viral replication.

Ex Vivo Infection of Live Tissue with Oncolytic Viruses

Oncolytic viruses are promising for cancer therapeutics. The ability to ascertain the infectability of live tissue specimens obtained from patients prior to treatment is a unique advantage of this therapeutic approach. This protocol describes how to process tissues for ex vivo infection with oncolytic virus and subsequent viral quantification.

Ex infezione Vivo del tessuto Live con virus oncolitici

Oncolytic Viruses (OVs) are novel therapeutics that selectively replicate in and kill tumor cells1. Several clinical trials evaluating the effectiveness ...

Ricerca

Medicina

An Orthotopic Bladder Cancer Model for Gene Delivery Studies

Bladder cancer is the second most common cancer of the urogenital tract and novel therapeutic approaches that can reduce recurrence and progression are needed. The tumor microenvironment can significantly influence tumor development and therapy response. It is therefore often desirable to grow tumor cells in the organ from which they originated. This protocol describes an orthotopic model of bladder cancer, in which MB49 murine bladder carcinoma cells are instilled into the bladder via catheterization. Successful tumor cell implantation in this model requires disruption of the protective glycosaminoglycan layer, which can be accomplished by physical or chemical means. In our protocol the bladder is treated with trypsin prior to cell instillation. Catheterization of the bladder can also be used to deliver therapeutics once the tumors are established. This protocol describes the delivery of an adenoviral construct that expresses a luciferase reporter gene. While our protocol has been optimized for short-term studies and focuses on gene delivery, the methodology of mouse bladder catheterization has broad applications.

Implantation of cancer cells into the organ of origin can serve as a useful preclinical model to evaluate novel therapies. MB49 bladder carcinoma cells can be grown within the bladder following intravesical instillation. This protocol demonstrates catheterization of the mouse bladder for the purpose of tumor implantation and adenoviral delivery.

Un ortotopico cancro della vescica Modello di Gene Studi di consegna

Bladder cancer is the second most common cancer of the urogenital tract and novel therapeutic approaches that can reduce recurrence and progression are ...

Patient Derived Cell Culture and Isolation of CD133+ Putative Cancer Stem Cells from Melanoma

Despite improved treatments options for melanoma available today, patients with advanced malignant melanoma still have a poor prognosis for progression-free and overall survival. Therefore, translational research needs to provide further molecular evidence to improve targeted therapies for malignant melanomas. In the past, oncogenic mechanisms related to melanoma were extensively studied in established cell lines. On the way to more personalized treatment regimens based on individual genetic profiles, we propose to use patient-derived cell lines instead of generic cell lines. Together with high quality clinical data, especially on patient follow-up, these cells will be instrumental to better understand the molecular mechanisms behind melanoma progression.
Here, we report the establishment of primary melanoma cultures from dissected fresh tumor tissue. This procedure includes mincing and dissociation of the tissue into single cells, removal of contaminations with erythrocytes and fibroblasts as well as primary culture and reliable verification of the cells' melanoma origin.
Recent reports revealed that melanomas, like the majority of tumors, harbor a small subpopulation of cancer stem cells (CSCs), which seem to exclusively fuel tumor initiation and progression towards the metastatic state. One of the key markers for CSC identification and isolation in melanoma is CD133. To isolate CD133+ CSCs from primary melanoma cultures, we have modified and optimized the Magnetic-Activated Cell Sorting (MACS) procedure from Miltenyi resulting in high sorting purity and viability of CD133+ CSCs and CD133- bulk, which can be cultivated and functionally analyzed thereafter.

Patient Derived Cell Culture and Isolation of CD133+ Putative Cancer Stem Cells from Melanoma

This article describes the preparation of freshly obtained melanoma tissue into primary cell cultures, and how to remove contaminations of erythrocytes and fibroblasts from the tumor cells. Finally, we describe how CD133+ putative melanoma stem cells are sorted from the CD133- bulk using Magnetic Activated Cell Sorting (MACS).

Paziente coltura cellulare derivato e isolamento di CD133<sup&gt; +</sup&gt; Putativi staminali alle cellule tumorali di melanoma

Despite improved treatments options for melanoma available today, patients with advanced malignant melanoma still have a poor prognosis for ...

Human Dupuytren's Ex Vivo Culture for the Study of Myofibroblasts and Extracellular Matrix Interactions

Organ fibrosis or &#8220;scarring&#8221; is known to account for a high death toll due to the extensive amount of disorders and organs affected (from cirrhosis to cardiovascular diseases). There is no effective treatment and the in vitro tools available do not mimic the in vivo situation rendering the progress of the out of control wound healing process still enigmatic.
To date, 2D and 3D cultures of fibroblasts derived from DD patients are the main experimental models available. Primary cell cultures have many limitations; the fibroblasts derived from DD are altered by the culture conditions, lack cellular context and interactions, which are crucial for the development of fibrosis and weakly represent the derived tissue. Real-time PCR analysis of fibroblasts derived from control and DD samples show that little difference is detectable. 3D cultures of fibroblasts include addition of extracellular matrix that alters the native conditions of these cells. 
As a way to characterize the fibrotic, proliferative properties of these resection specimens we have developed a 3D culture system, using intact human resections of the nodule part of the cord. The system is based on transwell plates with an attached nitrocellulose membrane that allows contact of the tissue with the medium but not with the plastic, thus, preventing the alteration of the tissue. No collagen gel or other extracellular matrix protein substrate is required. The tissue resection specimens maintain their viability and proliferative properties for 7 days. This is the first &#8220;organ&#8221; culture system that allows human resection specimens from DD patients to be grown ex vivo and functionally tested, recapitulating the in vivo situation.

Human Dupuytren's Ex Vivo Culture for the Study of Myofibroblasts and Extracellular Matrix Interactions

Dupuytren&#8217;s disease (DD) is a fibroproliferative disease of the palm of the hand. Here, we present a protocol to culture resection specimens from DD in a three-dimensional (3D) culture system. Such short-term culture system allows preservation of the 3D structure and molecular properties of the fibrotic tissue.

Umana Dupuytren di<em&gt; Ex Vivo</em&gt; Cultura per lo Studio dei miofibroblasti e matrice extracellulare Interazioni

Organ fibrosis or &#8220;scarring&#8221; is known to account for a high death toll due to the extensive amount of disorders and organs affected (from ...

Ex vivo Live Imaging of Lung Metastasis and Their Microenvironment

Metastasis is a major cause for cancer-related morbidity and mortality. Metastasis is a multistep process and due to its complexity, the exact cellular and molecular processes that govern metastatic dissemination and growth are still elusive. Live imaging allows visualization of the dynamic and spatial interactions of cells and their microenvironment. Solid tumors commonly metastasize to the lungs. However, the anatomical location of the lungs poses a challenge to intravital imaging. This protocol provides a relatively simple and quick method for ex vivo live imaging of the dynamic interactions between tumor cells and their surrounding stroma within lung metastasis. Using this method, the motility of cancer cells as well as interactions between cancer cells and stromal cells in their microenvironment can be visualized in real time for several hours. By using transgenic fluorescent reporter mice, a fluorescent cell line, injectable fluorescently labeled molecules and/or antibodies, multiple components of the lung microenvironment can be visualized, such as blood vessels and immune cells. To image the different cell types, a spinning disk confocal microscope that allows long-term continuous imaging with rapid, four-color image acquisition has been used. Time-lapse movies compiled from images collected over multiple positions and focal planes show interactions between live metastatic and immune cells for at least 4 hr. This technique can be further used to test chemotherapy or targeted therapy. Moreover, this method could be adapted for the study of other lung-related pathologies that may affect the lung microenvironment.

Ex vivo Live Imaging of Lung Metastasis and Their Microenvironment

We describe a relatively simple method for ex vivo live imaging of the tumor cell-stroma interactions within lung metastasis, utilizing fluorescent reporters in mice. Using spinning-disk confocal microscopy, this technique enables visualization of live cells for at least 4 hr and could be adapted to study other inflammatory lung conditions.

Ex vivo dal vivo Imaging di polmone metastasi e il loro micro

Metastasis is a major cause for cancer-related morbidity and mortality. Metastasis is a multistep process and due to its complexity, the exact cellular ...

Generation of Microtumors Using 3D Human Biogel Culture System and Patient-derived Glioblastoma Cells for Kinomic Profiling and Drug Response Testing

The use of patient-derived xenografts for modeling cancers has provided important insight into cancer biology and drug responsiveness. However, they are time consuming, expensive, and labor intensive. To overcome these obstacles, many research groups have turned to spheroid cultures of cancer cells. While useful, tumor spheroids or aggregates do not replicate cell-matrix interactions as found in vivo. As such, three-dimensional (3D) culture approaches utilizing an extracellular matrix scaffold provide a more realistic model system for investigation. Starting from subcutaneous or intracranial xenografts, tumor tissue is dissociated into a single cell suspension akin to cancer stem cell neurospheres. These cells are then embedded into a human-derived extracellular matrix, 3D human biogel, to generate a large number of microtumors. Interestingly, microtumors can be cultured for about a month with high viability and can be used for drug response testing using standard cytotoxicity assays such as 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and live cell imaging using Calcein-AM. Moreover, they can be analyzed via immunohistochemistry or harvested for molecular profiling, such as array-based high-throughput kinomic profiling, which is detailed here as well. 3D microtumors, thus, represent a versatile high-throughput model system that can more closely replicate in vivo tumor biology than traditional approaches.

Patient-derived xenografts of glioblastoma multiforme can be miniaturized into living microtumors using 3D human biogel culture system. This in vivo-like 3D tumor assay is suitable for drug response testing and molecular profiling, including kinomic analysis.

Generazione di Microtumors Uso 3D Biogel Umano Sistema Cultura e cellule di glioblastoma paziente-derivato per Kinomic Profiling and Drug Testing risposta

The use of patient-derived xenografts for modeling cancers has provided important insight into cancer biology and drug responsiveness. However, they are ...

Breast Milk Enhances Growth of Enteroids: An Ex Vivo Model of Cell Proliferation

Human small intestinal enteroids are derived from the crypts and when grown in a stem cell niche contain all of the epithelial cell types. The ability to establish human enteroid ex vivo culture systems are important to model intestinal pathophysiology and to study the particular cellular responses involved. In recent years, enteroids from mice and humans are being cultured, passaged, and banked away for future use in several laboratories across the world. This enteroid platform can be used to test the effects of various treatments and drugs and what effects are exerted on different cell types in the intestine. Here, a protocol for establishing primary stem cell-derived small intestinal enteroids derived from neonatal mice and premature human intestine is provided. Moreover, this enteroid culture system was utilized to test the effects of species-specific breast milk. Mouse breast milk can be obtained efficiently using a modified human breast pump and expressed mouse milk can then be used for further research experiments. We now demonstrate the effects of expressed mouse, human, and donor breast milk on the growth and proliferation of enteroids derived from neonatal mice or premature human small intestine.

Breast Milk Enhances Growth of Enteroids: An Ex Vivo Model of Cell Proliferation

This protocol describes how to establish an enteroid culture system from neonatal mouse or premature human intestine as well as an efficient method to collect milk from mice.

Latte materno aumenta la crescita di Enteroids: un modello Ex Vivo di proliferazione delle cellule

Human small intestinal enteroids are derived from the crypts and when grown in a stem cell niche contain all of the epithelial cell types. The ability to ...

A Small Animal Model of Ex Vivo Normothermic Liver Perfusion

There is a significant shortage of liver allografts available for transplantation, and in response the donor criteria have been expanded. As a result, normothermic ex vivo liver perfusion (NEVLP) has been introduced as a method to evaluate and modify organ function. NEVLP has many advantages in comparison to hypothermic and subnormothermic perfusion including reduced preservation injury, restoration of normal organ function under physiologic conditions, assessment of organ performance, and as a platform for organ repair, remodeling, and modification. Both murine and porcine NEVLP models have been described. We demonstrate a rat model of NEVLP and use this model to show one of its important applications &#8212; the use of a therapeutic molecule added to liver perfusate. Catalase is an endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger and has been demonstrated to decrease ischemia-reperfusion in the eye, brain, and lung. Pegylation has been shown to target catalase to the endothelium. Here, we added pegylated-catalase (PEG-CAT) to the base perfusate and demonstrated its ability to mitigate liver preservation injury. An advantage of our rodent NEVLP model is that it is inexpensive in comparison to larger animal models. A limitation of this study is that it does not currently include post-perfusion liver transplantation. Therefore, prediction of the function of the organ post-transplantation cannot be made with certainty. However, the rat liver transplant model is well established and certainly could be used in conjunction with this model. In conclusion, we have demonstrated an inexpensive, simple, easily replicable NEVLP model using rats. Applications of this model can include testing novel perfusates and perfusate additives, testing software designed for organ evaluation, and experiments designed to repair organs.

A Small Animal Model of Ex Vivo Normothermic Liver Perfusion

There is a significant liver donor shortage, and criteria for liver donors have been expanded. Normothermic ex vivo liver perfusion (NEVLP) has been developed to evaluate and modify organ function. This study demonstrates a rat model of NEVLP and tests the ability of pegylated-catalase, to mitigate liver preservation injury.

Un piccolo modello animale di aspersione epatica normotermica Ex Vivo

There is a significant shortage of liver allografts available for transplantation, and in response the donor criteria have been expanded. As a result, ...

Lentiviral Vector-mediated Gene Therapy of Hepatocytes Ex Vivo for Autologous Transplantation in Swine

Gene therapy is an ideal choice to cure many inborn errors of metabolism of the liver. Ex-vivo, lentiviral vectors have been used successfully in the treatment of many hematopoietic diseases in humans, as their use offers stable transgene expression due to the vector&#39;s ability to integrate into the host genome. This method demonstrates the application of ex vivo gene therapy of hepatocytes to a large animal model of hereditary tyrosinemia type I. This process consists of 1) isolation of primary hepatocytes from the autologous donor/recipient animal, 2) ex vivo gene delivery via hepatocyte transduction with a lentiviral vector, and 3) autologous transplant of corrected hepatocytes via portal vein injection. Success of the method generally relies upon efficient and sterile removal of the liver resection, careful handling of the excised specimen for isolation of viable hepatocytes sufficient for re-engrafting, high-percentage transduction of the isolated cells, and aseptic surgical procedures throughout to prevent infection. Technical failure at any of these steps will result in low yield of viable transduced hepatocytes for autologous transplant or infection of the donor/recipient animal. The pig model of human type 1 hereditary tyrosinemia (HT-1) chosen for this approach is uniquely amenable to such a method, as even a small percentage of engraftment of corrected cells will lead to repopulation of the liver with healthy cells based on a powerful selective advantage over native-diseased hepatocytes. Although this growth selection will not be true for all indications, this approach is a foundation for expansion into other indications and allows for manipulation of this environment to address additional diseases, both within the liver and beyond, while controlling for exposure to viral vector and opportunity for off-target toxicity and tumorigenicity.

Lentiviral Vector-mediated Gene Therapy of Hepatocytes Ex Vivo for Autologous Transplantation in Swine

This protocol is intended to describe porcine hepatocyte isolation and ex vivo gene delivery to cure models of metabolic diseases via autologous cell transplantation. Although this particular model enjoys unique advantages that favor successful therapy, the application is a relevant foundation to address additional diseases and indications.

Lentivirali terapia genica mediata da vettore di epatociti Ex Vivo per trapianto autologo nei suini

Gene therapy is an ideal choice to cure many inborn errors of metabolism of the liver. Ex-vivo, lentiviral vectors have been used successfully in the ...

Ex Vivo Corneal Organ Culture Model for Wound Healing Studies

The cornea has been used extensively as a model system to study wound healing. The ability to generate and utilize primary mammalian cells in two dimensional (2D) and three dimensional (3D) culture has generated a wealth of information not only about corneal biology but also about wound healing, myofibroblast biology, and scarring in general. The goal of the protocol is an assay system for quantifying myofibroblast development, which characterizes scarring. We demonstrate a corneal organ culture ex vivo model using pig eyes. In this anterior keratectomy wound, corneas still in the globe are wounded with a circular blade called a trephine. A plug of approximately 1/3 of the anterior cornea is removed including the epithelium, the basement membrane, and the anterior part of the stroma. After wounding, corneas are cut from the globe, mounted on a collagen/agar base, and cultured for two weeks in supplemented-serum free medium with stabilized vitamin C to augment cell proliferation and extracellular matrix secretion by resident fibroblasts. Activation of myofibroblasts in the anterior stroma is evident in the healed cornea. This model can be used to assay wound closure, the development of myofibroblasts and fibrotic markers, and for toxicology studies. In addition, the effects of small molecule inhibitors as well as lipid-mediated siRNA transfection for gene knockdown can be tested in this system.

A protocol for an ex vivo corneal organ culture model useful for wound healing studies is described. This model system can be used to assess the effects of agents to promote regenerative healing or drug toxicity in an organized 3D multicellular environment.