この作品は、NIHの助成金R01AI077610によって賄われていました。

すべての手順は、国立衛生研究所の実験動物の管理と使用に関する指針（NIH）に従って行ったし、ジョンズ・ホプキンス大学動物実験委員会（JHUACUC）によって承認されました。具体的な手順は、承認されたACUCプロトコルMO13M292とMO13M370下で行いました。 1.ドナー皮膚の収穫<ol><li>イソフルラン（ - マウスコーンを介して、2％、4％で誘導気化器、1でのメンテナンス）でドナーマウスを麻酔。麻酔深度を監視するために、つま先のピンチ引っ込め反射を使用してください。 </li><li>電気かみそりを使用して、動物の背中を剃る、10％ポビドンヨード（ 例えば 、ベタジン）でそれを消毒します。 </li><li>疎性結合組織のレベルで鈍的切開して、滅菌はさみ、手袋、無菌技術、収穫ドナー首の後ろに腰から皮膚を使用しました。 </li><li>収穫後に頸椎脱臼により動物を安楽死させます皮膚移植。 </li><li>顕微鏡下で、微細な腱切除はさみを使用して、背中の皮膚からの結合組織、脂肪組織、および皮筋層を分離します。皮筋層は、皮膚のけいれんの動きに責任薄い透明筋肉です。 </li><li>無菌の楽器の技術を用いて、15ミリメートル×15 mmの移植床に10ミリメートル×10ミリメートルのための背中の皮膚から15ミリメートル×15 mmの移植片を切り出します。 </li><li>氷上のペトリ皿中の滅菌リン酸緩衝生理食塩水（PBS）に浸したガーゼに移植片を保管してください。 注：8 - 10の移植片は、1つのドナーマウスから得ることができます。 </li></ol> 2.受信者の皮膚移植<ol><li>イソフルラン（ - マウスコーンを介して、2％、4％で誘導気化器、1でメンテナンス）とレシピエントマウスを麻酔。麻酔深度を監視するために、つま先のピンチ引っ込め反射を使用してください。 </li><li>術後の疼痛緩和のためのブプレノルフィンの0.02ミリグラム/ kg体重を管理します。 </li><li>グラフトのWi動物の背中側を剃ります挿入され、10％ポビドンヨードで消毒することでしょう。 </li><li>はさみを使用して、皮膚の15ミリメートル×15ミリメートル四方に10ミリメートル×10ミリメートルを切りました。欠陥サイズは、グラフトより（10％）、わずかに大きくする必要があります。表面的に可能な限りカットします。皮筋層および血管を維持するために注意してください。皮筋層は、その移動性によって、根底にある筋膜およびそれに表面的な実行の血管と区別することができます。 </li><li>エッジに沿って折り目を避け、移植床に移植片を配置します。 </li><li>四隅と各辺の中央に8縫合糸を配置します。各縫合糸のために、移植片を通過し、その後、周囲のレシピエントの皮膚下の移植床の皮筋層を介して針を渡します。 </li><li>麻酔マスクを外し、動物が粘着包帯を適用する前に麻酔から部分的に回復してみましょう。 </li><li>グラフト折り重ねガーゼ絆創膏でレシピエントマウスをラップします。切断、2包帯を組み合わせることにより、包帯を作ります接着剤の1の部分と一緒に2吸収パッドを配置します。 </li><li>包帯は、胸部の遠足と呼吸を制限しないことを確実にするためにリカバリ時に密接にマウスを監視します。呼吸数が減少または動物が浅く息をのむか、息を開始した場合に包帯を外します。 </li></ol> 3.術後ケア<ol><li>感染予防のための手術後のエンロフロキサシン5ミリグラム/キログラムを管理します。 </li><li>それは完全に麻酔から回復するまで電子レンジで加熱パッドの上にきれいなケージに移植したマウスを置きます。 </li><li>術後の前の住宅施設に戻すに1時間、マウスを観察します。 </li><li>七日手術後、ステップ2.1のように、マウスを麻酔。包帯の腹側を介してのみ切断することにより包帯を外します。 </li><li>観察し、痂皮形成、収縮、または硬さの兆候が次の日に移植片を触診します。存在する場合、移植片は、適切vascularizaを達成していない可能性がありますションとは、技術的な失敗とみなされるべきです。 </li><li>拒絶反応の徴候について毎日監視します。移植片組織の≥90％が壊死性になったときに拒否された移植片を考えてみましょう。 </li><li>拒否された動物を安楽死させると分析のためにそれらを収穫。 </li></ol>

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J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Orthotopic+Hind+Limb+Transplantation+in+the+Mouse.">Orthotopic Hind Limb Transplantation in the Mouse.</a> J Vis Exp. , (2016).</li><li>Oh, B., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+Novel+Microsurgical+Model+for+Heterotopic,+En+Bloc+Chest+Wall,+Thymus,+and+Heart+Transplantation+in+Mice.">A Novel Microsurgical Model for Heterotopic, En Bloc Chest Wall, Thymus, and Heart Transplantation in Mice.</a> J Vis Exp. , (2016).</li><li>Oberhuber, R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Murine+cervical+heart+transplantation+model+using+a+modified+cuff+technique.">Murine cervical heart transplantation model using a modified cuff technique.</a> J Vis Exp. , e50753 (2014).</li><li>Jones, T. 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B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+behaviour+and+fate+of+skin+autografts+and+skin+homografts+in+rabbits:+A+report+to+the+War+Wounds+Committee+of+the+Medical+Research+Council.">The behaviour and fate of skin autografts and skin homografts in rabbits: A report to the War Wounds Committee of the Medical Research Council.</a> J Anat. 78, 176-199 (1944).</li><li>Billingham, R. E., Brent, L., Medawar, P. B., Sparrow, E. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Quantitative+studies+on+tissue+transplantation+immunity.+I.+The+survival+times+of+skin+homografts+exchanged+between+members+of+different+inbred+strains+of+mice.">Quantitative studies on tissue transplantation immunity. I. 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著者らは、開示することは何もありません。

メダウォアによるその導入されて以来、最初のヒトの研究で、その後、ウサギおよびマウスで、皮膚移植、同種免疫応答6,7の研究のための貴重なモデルとなっています。この原稿では、上下の背中の皮膚を用いた大規模な、非血管新生化、全層皮膚移植のモデルを提示します。移植組織の供給源として、マウスの尾の皮膚又は耳の皮膚を使用することを含む様々な代替方法は、8,9...

臓器移植は、末期の臓器不全を有する患者のための選択の治療法である、と結果は外科的手順および免疫抑制プロトコルの進歩と飛躍的に向上しています。しかし、長期的な免疫抑制は、重大な副作用に関連付けられている、と寛容を促進する新たな戦略の開発は、現代の移植研究の目標のままです。 多数の動物モデルが、移植片拒絶反応を予防するため、長期的な耐性1-3を促進するための接近同種移植片拒絶反応のメカニズムを研究するために、および免疫抑制を試験するために、移植における基礎研究のために開発されています。マウスモデルは、原因、診断と治療用抗体の排他的で広大な可用性と明確に定義された近交系およびトランスジェニック株と免疫学研究の主力となっています。皮膚移植は特別な顕微スキルや缶を必要としない簡単な手順であります簡単に術後監視されます。まとめると、マウスの皮膚移植は、移植片拒絶4,5中の抗原送達、細胞輸送、および組織破壊を含む同種免疫応答に関与する多くの側面を研究するための例外的なツールとなっています。 ここでは、マウスモデルを用いた全層皮膚移植のためのステップバイステップの手順を示し、我々は移植皮膚の生着の成功のために必要な重要な手順を説明します。

<table><tbody><tr><td>Straight micro forceps</td><td>Sigma</td><td>F4017</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Curved micro forceps</td><td>Aesculap</td><td>BD333R</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Curved Stevens tenotomy scissors</td><td>Aesculap</td><td>BC905R</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Mayo dissecting scissors</td><td>Sigma</td><td>S3146</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Micro needle holder</td><td>Aesculap</td><td>BM563R</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Sterile gauze</td><td>Covidien</td><td>441218</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>6-0 Nylon suture</td><td>MWI</td><td>31849</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Plastic Strips Band&amp;#45;Aid</td><td>Johnson &amp;amp; Johnson</td><td></td><td>Obtained from pharmacy</td></tr><tr><td>10 cm Petri dish</td><td>Fisherbrand</td><td>FB0875712</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>PBS</td><td>Quality Biological</td><td>119069131</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Buprenorphine</td><td></td><td></td><td>DEA Number required; Obtained from hospital pharmacy</td></tr><tr><td>Enrofloxacin</td><td>Bayer Health Care</td><td>186599</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

murine full-thickness skin transplantation

マウスの全層皮膚移植は、同種免疫反応および移植片拒絶を研究するためのインビボモデルで十分に確立されています。ヒトへのその限られた用途にもかかわらず、マウスでは皮膚移植が広く移植研究のために採用されています。手順は、学び、実行することが容易であり、それは繊細な顕微技術も広範囲の訓練を必要としません。また、このモデルにおける移植片拒絶は、非常に再現性の免疫反応で発生しやすい直接検査や触診によって監視されます。また、ドナーをマッチさせた、またはサードパーティの皮膚移植片を有する二次皮膚移植はドナー特異的寛容を評価するための代替と合併症のない方法として、より複雑な移植モデル上で実行することができます。合併症は低く、一般的に手順の後、麻酔の過剰摂取や呼吸困難に限定されています。移植の失敗は、他の一方で、GRの準備不足の結果として、一般的に発生します移植床における後方、不正確な位置決め、または包帯の不適切な配置。この記事では、我々は、マウスの全層皮膚移植のためのプロトコルを提示し、成功した手順のために必要な重要な手順を説明します。

レシピエントマウスに包帯の配置は、手順の重要なステップです。皮膚移植は、肩、腰、及び背骨（ 図1）との間で、受信者の胴体上に配置されます。包帯は、折り畳まれたガーゼと2プラスチック絆創膏の組み合わせで作られています。レシピエントマウスは、包帯の中心にガーゼの上にダウン移植片で配置されています。 2つの湾曲マイクロ鉗子を用い...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Murine Full-thickness Skin Transplantation at JoVE.com

Murine Full-thickness Skin Transplantation

マウス全層皮膚移植は同種免疫設定で拒絶反応を研究するために、十分に確立されたモデルです。 &gt; C57BL / 6全層皮膚移植 - ここでは、BALB / cと実行に関与し、各ステップのチュートリアルを提供しています。

マウス全層皮膚移植

Murine full-thickness skin transplantation is a well-established in vivo model to study alloimmune response and graft rejection. Despite its limited ...

murine-full-thickness-skin-transplantation

Research

JoVE Journal

Immunology and Infection

20.0K ビュー.  Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. マウス全層皮膚移植は同種免疫設定で拒絶反応を研究するために、十分に確立されたモデルです。 > C57BL / 6全層皮膚移植 - ここでは、BALB / cと実行に関与し、各ステップのチュートリアルを提供しています。 

ビデオ: Murine Full-thickness Skin Transplantation

The Three-Dimensional Human Skin Reconstruct Model: a Tool to Study Normal  Skin and Melanoma Progression

Most in vitro studies in experimental skin biology have been done in 2-dimensional (2D) monocultures, while accumulating evidence suggests that cells behave differently when they are grown within a 3D extra-cellular matrix and also interact with other cells (1-5). Mouse models have been broadly utilized to study tissue morphogenesis in vivo. However mouse and human skin have significant differences in cellular architecture and physiology, which makes it difficult to extrapolate mouse studies to humans. Since melanocytes in mouse skin are mostly localized in hair follicles, they have distinct biological properties from those of humans, which locate primarily at the basal layer of the epidermis. The recent development of 3D human skin reconstruct models has enabled the field to investigate cell-matrix and cell-cell interactions between different cell types. The reconstructs consist of a "dermis" with fibroblasts embedded in a collagen I matrix, an "epidermis", which is comprised of stratified, differentiated keratinocytes and a functional basement membrane, which separates epidermis from dermis. Collagen provides scaffolding, nutrient delivery, and potential for cell-to-cell interaction. The 3D skin models incorporating melanocytic cells recapitulate natural features of melanocyte homeostasis and melanoma progression in human skin. As in vivo, melanocytes in reconstructed skin are localized at the basement membrane interspersed with basal layer keratinocytes. Melanoma cells exhibit the same characteristics reflecting the original tumor stage (RGP, VGP and metastatic melanoma cells) in vivo. Recently, dermal stem cells have been identified in the human dermis (6). These multi-potent stem cells can migrate to the epidermis and differentiate to melanocytes.

In this report, we describe the three-dimensional skin reconstruct model which mimics human skin in architecture and composition. Melanocyte physiology, melanoma progression and the fate of dermal stem cells have been investigated using the skin reconstruct model. The model is also useful as a preclinical tool for drug assessment.

三次元ヒト皮膚は、モデルを再構築：ノーマルスキンとメラノーマ進行を勉強するツールを

Most in vitro studies in experimental skin biology have been done in 2-dimensional (2D) monocultures, while accumulating evidence suggests that cells ...

生物工学

Murine Skin Transplantation

As one of the most stringent and least technically challenging models, skin transplantation is a standard method to assay host T cell responses to MHC-disparate donor antigens. The aim of this video-article is to provide the viewer with a step-by-step visual demonstration of skin transplantation using the mouse model. The protocol is divided into 5 main components: 1) harvesting donor skin; 2) preparing recipient for transplant; 3) skin transplant; 4) bandage removal and monitoring graft rejection; 5) helpful hints. Once proficient, the procedure itself should take &lt;10 min to perform.

Allogeneic skin transplantation is a standard model to assay host T cell responses to MHC-disparate donor antigens. This video-article provides a visual tutorial of each step involved in performing a BALB/c--&gt;C57BL/6 skin transplant.

マウス皮膚移植

As one of the most stringent and least technically challenging models, skin transplantation is a standard method to assay host T cell responses to ...

生物学

A Full Skin Defect Model to Evaluate Vascularization of Biomaterials In Vivo

Insufficient vascularization is considered to be one of the main factors limiting the clinical success of tissue-engineered constructs. In order to evaluate new strategies that aim at improving vascularization, reliable methods are required to make the in-growth of new blood vessels into bio-artificial scaffolds visible and quantify the results. Over the past couple of years, our group has introduced a full skin defect model that enables the direct visualization of blood vessels by transillumination and provides the possibility of quantification through digital segmentation. In this model, one surgically creates full skin defects in the back of mice and replaces them with the material tested. Molecules or cells of interest can also be incorporated in such materials to study their potential effect. After an observation time of one&#8217;s own choice, materials are explanted for evaluation. Bilateral wounds provide the possibility of making internal comparisons that minimize artifacts among individuals as well as of decreasing the number of animals needed for the study. In comparison to other approaches, our method offers a simple, reliable and cost effective analysis. We have implemented this model as a routine tool to perform high-resolution screening when testing vascularization of different biomaterials and bio-activation approaches.

A Full Skin Defect Model to Evaluate Vascularization of Biomaterials In Vivo

Vascularization is key to approaches in successful tissue engineering. Therefore, reliable technologies are required to evaluate the development of vascular networks in tissue-constructs. Here we present a simple and cost-effective method to visualize and quantify vascularization in vivo.

生体材料の血管新生を評価するために、完全な皮膚欠損モデル<em&gt;インビボ</em

Insufficient vascularization is considered to be one of the main factors limiting the clinical success of tissue-engineered constructs. In order to ...

Murine Model of Wound Healing

Wound healing and repair are the most complex biological processes that occur in human life. After injury, multiple biological pathways become activated. Impaired wound healing, which occurs in diabetic patients for example, can lead to severe unfavorable outcomes such as amputation. There is, therefore, an increasing impetus to develop novel agents that promote wound repair. The testing of these has been limited to large animal models such as swine, which are often impractical. Mice represent the ideal preclinical model, as they are economical and amenable to genetic manipulation, which allows for mechanistic investigation. However, wound healing in a mouse is fundamentally different to that of humans as it primarily occurs via contraction. Our murine model overcomes this by incorporating a splint around the wound. By splinting the wound, the repair process is then dependent on epithelialization, cellular proliferation and angiogenesis, which closely mirror the biological processes of human wound healing. Whilst requiring consistency and care, this murine model does not involve complicated surgical techniques and allows for the robust testing of promising agents that may, for example, promote angiogenesis or inhibit inflammation. Furthermore, each mouse acts as its own control as two wounds are prepared, enabling the application of both the test compound and the vehicle control on the same animal. In conclusion, we demonstrate a practical, easy-to-learn, and robust model of wound healing, which is comparable to that of humans.

A murine model of cutaneous wound healing that can be used to assess therapeutic compounds in physiological and pathophysiological settings.

創傷治癒のマウスモデル

Wound healing and repair are the most complex biological processes that occur in human life. After injury, multiple biological pathways become activated. ...

医学

Minced Tissue in Compressed Collagen: A Cell-containing Biotransplant for Single-staged Reconstructive Repair

Conventional techniques for cell expansion and transplantation of autologous cells for tissue engineering purposes can take place in specially equipped human cell culture facilities. These methods include isolation of cells in single cell suspension and several laborious and time-consuming events before transplantation back to the patient. Previous studies suggest that the body itself could be used as a bioreactor for cell expansion and regeneration of tissue in order to minimize ex vivo manipulations of tissues and cells before transplanting to the patient. The aim of this study was to demonstrate a method for tissue harvesting, isolation of continuous epithelium, mincing of the epithelium into small pieces and incorporating them into a three-layered biomaterial. The three-layered biomaterial then served as a delivery vehicle, to allow surgical handling, exchange of nutrition across the transplant, and a controlled degradation. The biomaterial consisted of two outer layers of collagen and a core of a mechanically stable and slowly degradable polymer. The minced epithelium was incorporated into one of the collagen layers before transplantation. By mincing the epithelial tissue into small pieces, the pieces could be spread and thereby the propagation of cells was stimulated. After the initial take of the transplants, cell expansion and reorganization would take place and extracellular matrix mature to allow ingrowth of capillaries and nerves and further maturation of the extracellular matrix. The technique minimizes ex vivo manipulations and allow cell harvesting, preparation of autograft, and transplantation to the patient as a simple one-stage intervention. In the future, tissue expansion could be initiated around a 3D mold inside the body itself, according to the specific needs of the patient. Additionally, the technique could be performed in an ordinary surgical setting without the need for sophisticated cell culturing facilities.

Tissue engineering often includes in vitro expansion in order to create autografts for tissue regeneration. In this study a method for tissue expansion, regeneration, and reconstruction in vivo was developed in order to minimize the processing of cells and biological materials outside the body.

圧縮されたコラーゲンで細分化した組織：シングル段再建修復のための細胞含有Biotransplant

Conventional techniques for cell expansion and transplantation of autologous cells for tissue engineering purposes can take place in specially equipped ...

Transplantation of Tail Skin to Study Allogeneic CD4 T Cell Responses in Mice

The study of T cell responses and their consequences during allo-antigen recognition requires a model that enables one to distinguish between donor and host T cells, to easily monitor the graft, and to adapt the system in order to answer different immunological questions. Medawar and colleagues established allogeneic tail-skin transplantation in mice in 1955. Since then, the skin transplantation model has been continuously modified and adapted to answer specific questions. The use of tail-skin renders this model easy to score for graft rejection, requires neither extensive preparation nor deep anesthesia, is applicable to animals of all genetic background, discourages ischemic necrosis, and permits chemical and biological intervention. 
In general, both CD4+ and CD8+ allogeneic T cells are responsible for the rejection of allografts since they recognize mismatched major histocompatibility antigens from different mouse strains. Several models have been described for activating allogeneic T cells in skin-transplanted mice. The identification of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and II molecules in different mouse strains including C57BL/6 mice was an important step toward understanding and studying T cell-mediated alloresponses. In the tail-skin transplantation model described here, a three-point mutation (I-Abm12) in the antigen-presenting groove of the MHC-class II (I-Ab) molecule is sufficient to induce strong allogeneic CD4+ T cell activation in C57BL/6 mice. Skin grafts from I-Abm12 mice on C57BL/6 mice are rejected within 12-15 days, while syngeneic grafts are accepted for up to 100 days. The absence of T cells (CD3-/- and Rag2-/- mice) allows skin graft acceptance up to 100 days, which can be overcome by transferring 2 x 104 wild type or transgenic T cells. Adoptively transferred T cells proliferate and produce IFN-&#947; in I-Abm12-transplanted Rag2-/- mice.

Tail-skin transplantation is a powerful model for studying T cell-dependent rejection and tolerance induction during allogeneic immune responses in mice. The advantages of this protocol are minor invasive surgery, and ease of monitoring with no need to sacrifice the recipient mouse.

マウスにおける同種のCD4 T細胞応答を研究する尾皮膚の移植

The study of T cell responses and their consequences during allo-antigen recognition requires a model that enables one to distinguish between donor and ...

免疫・感染学

Generation of 3D Skin Organoid from Cord Blood-derived Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

The skin is the body&#8217;s largest organ and has many functions. The skin acts as a physical barrier and protector of the body and regulates bodily functions. Biomimetics is the imitation of the models, systems, and elements of nature for the purpose of solving complex human problems1. Skin biomimetics is a useful tool for in vitro disease research and in vivo regenerative medicine. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have the characteristic of unlimited proliferation and the ability of differentiation to three germ layers. Human iPSCs are generated from various primary cells, such as blood cells, keratinocytes, fibroblasts, and more. Among them, cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMCs) have emerged as an alternative cell source from the perspective of allogeneic regenerative medicine. CBMCs are useful in regenerative medicine because human leukocyte antigen (HLA) typing is essential to the cell banking system. We provide a method for the differentiation of CBMC-iPSCs into keratinocytes and fibroblasts and for generation of a 3D skin organoid. CBMC-iPSC-derived keratinocytes and fibroblasts have characteristics similar to a primary cell line. The 3D skin organoids are generated by overlaying an epidermal layer onto a dermal layer. By transplanting this 3D skin organoid, a humanized mice model is generated. This study shows that a 3D human iPSC-derived skin organoid may be a novel, alternative tool for dermatologic research in vitro and in vivo.

We propose a protocol that shows how to differentiate induced pluripotent stem cell-derived keratinocytes and fibroblasts and generate a 3D skin organoid, using these keratinocytes and fibroblasts. This protocol contains an additional step of generating a humanized mice model. The technique presented here will improve dermatologic research.

臍帯血由来から 3 D 肌 Organoid の生成誘導多能性幹細胞

The skin is the body&#8217;s largest organ and has many functions. The skin acts as a physical barrier and protector of the body and regulates bodily ...

発生生物学

Xenograft Skin Model to Manipulate Human Immune Responses In Vivo

The human skin xenograft model, in which human donor skin is transplanted onto an immunodeficient mouse host, is an important option for translational research in skin immunology. Murine and human skin differ substantially in anatomy and immune cell composition. Therefore, traditional mouse models have limitations for dermatological research and drug discovery. However, successful xenotransplants are technically challenging and require optimal specimen and mouse graft site preparation for graft and host survival. The present protocol provides an optimized technique for transplanting human skin onto mice and discusses necessary considerations for downstream experimental aims. This report describes the appropriate preparation of a human donor skin sample, assembly of a surgical setup, mouse and surgical site preparation, skin transplantation, and post-surgical monitoring. Adherence to these methods allows for maintenance of xenografts for over 6 weeks post-surgery. The techniques outlined below allow maximum grafting efficiency due to the development of engineering controls, sterile technique, and pre- and post-surgical conditioning. Appropriate performance of the xenograft model results in long-lived human skin graft samples for experimental characterization of human skin and preclinical testing of compounds in vivo.

Xenograft Skin Model to Manipulate Human Immune Responses In Vivo

The present protocol describes how to graft human skin onto non-obese diabetic (NOD)-scid interleukin-2 gamma chain receptor (NSG) mice. A detailed description of the preparation of human skin for transplant, preparation of mice for transplant, transplantation of split-thickness human skin, and post-transplantation recovery procedure are included in the report.

in vivoでヒト免疫応答を操作するための異種移植片皮膚モデル

The human skin xenograft model, in which human donor skin is transplanted onto an immunodeficient mouse host, is an important option for translational ...

A Murine Model of a Burn Wound Reconstructed with an Allogeneic Skin Graft

Trivial superficial wounds heal without complications by primary intention. Deep wounds, such as full thickness burns, heal by secondary intention and require surgical debridement and skin grafting. Successful integration of the donor graft into a recipient wound bed depends on timely recruitment of immune cells, robust angiogenic response and new extracellular matrix formation. The development of novel therapeutic agents, which target some key processes involved in wound healing, are hindered by the lack of reliable preclinical models with optimized objective assessment of wound closure. Here, we describe an inexpensive and reproducible model of experimental full thickness burn wound reconstructed with an allogeneic skin graft. The wound is induced on the dorsum surface of anaesthetized inbred wild type mice from the BALB/C and SKH1-Hrhr backgrounds. The burn is produced using a brass template measuring 10 mm in diameter, which is preheated to 80 &#176;C and delivered at a constant pressure for 20 s. Burn eschar is excised 24 hours after the injury and replaced with a full thickness graft harvested from the tail of a genetically similar donor mouse. No specialized equipment is required for the procedure and surgical techniques are straightforward to follow. The method may be effortlessly implemented and reproduced in most research settings. Certain limitations are associated with the model. Due to technical difficulties, the harvest of thinner split thickness skin grafts is not possible. The surgical method we describe here allows for the reconstruction of burn wounds using full thickness skin grafts. It may be used to carry out preclinical therapeutic testing.

The aim of this study was to develop a murine model of burn wound healing. A thermal burn was induced on the dorsal skin of mice using a preheated brass template. Burned tissue was debrided and overlaid with a skin graft harvested from the tail of a genetically similar donor mouse.

同種異系皮膚移植片で再建された火傷のマウスモデル

Trivial superficial wounds heal without complications by primary intention. Deep wounds, such as full thickness burns, heal by secondary intention and ...

A Technique for Human Skin Grafting in a Mouse Model

Source: Moss, M. I. et al., <a href="https://app.jove.com/v/64040">Xenograft Skin Model to Manipulate Human Immune Responses&#160;In Vivo.</a>&#160;J. Vis. Exp. (2022)
This video demonstrates a method for grafting human skin onto an immunodeficient mouse with a suppressed neutrophil response. The method involves applying human split-thickness skin to the mouse&#39;s graft bed, sealing it, and covering it for recovery. Eventually, the human skin adheres to the mouse&#39;s skin, establishing vascularization and circulation, resulting in a successful skin xenograft.

マウスモデルにおけるヒト皮膚移植技術

All procedures involving animal models have been reviewed by the local institutional animal care committee and the JoVE veterinary review board.
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