JoVE 비디오를 활용하시려면 도서관을 통한 기관 구독이 필요합니다. 전체 비디오를 보시려면 로그인하거나 무료 트라이얼을 시작하세요.
Method Article
Focal demyelination is induced in the optic nerve using lysolecithin microinjection. Visual evoked potentials are recorded via skull electrodes implanted over the visual cortex to examine the signal conduction along the visual pathway in vivo. This protocol details the surgical procedures underlying electrode implantation and optic nerve microinjection.
The visual evoked potential (VEP) recording is widely used in clinical practice to assess the severity of optic neuritis in its acute phase, and to monitor the disease course in the follow-up period. Changes in the VEP parameters closely correlate with pathological damage in the optic nerve. This protocol provides a detailed description about the rodent model of optic nerve microinjection, in which a partial demyelination lesion is produced in the optic nerve. VEP recording techniques are also discussed. Using skull implanted electrodes, we are able to acquire reproducible intra-session and between-session VEP traces. VEPs can be recorded on individual animals over a period of time to assess the functional changes in the optic nerve longitudinally. The optic nerve demyelination model, in conjunction with the VEP recording protocol, provides a tool to investigate the disease processes associated with demyelination and remyelination, and can potentially be employed to evaluate the effects of new remyelinating drugs or neuroprotective therapies.
Optic neuritis is one of the most common form of optic neuropathy, causing complete or partial loss of vision1. Histologically, it is featured by inflammatory demyelination, retinal ganglion cell axonal loss and varying degrees of remyelination in the optic nerve2. Optic neuritis is usually the manifest onset of multiple sclerosis. The visual evoked potential (VEP) is a non-invasive tool for investigating the function of the visual system. It reflects the post-retinal function from the retina to the primary visual cortex and is affected in many optic nerve disease conditions3. The VEP has been predominantly used in optic neuritis patients to assess the integrity of the visual pathway4.
The latency of VEP, which reflects the velocity of signal conduction along the visual pathway, is considered to be an accurate measurement of the level of myelin associated changes in the optic nerve5; while the amplitude of VEP is believed to be closely correlated with axonal damage of the retinal ganglion cells (RGC)6. This hypothesis has been fairly well established using the rat model of lysolecithin-induced optic nerve demyelination5.
Here, we explicate a comprehensive protocol of optic nerve microinjection technique in rodents, which can minimise the surgical manipulation-related damage to the nerve per se as well as to the adjacent tissues such as extraocular muscles and blood vessels. Also, the skull electrode implantation surgery has been described for VEP recording in animals7. The VEP recordings can be repeatedly carried out on animals over a period of time to assess demyelination/remyelination related changes as well as impact on axonal integrity in the optic nerve.
윤리 문 : 동물과 관련된 모든 절차는 관리 및 과학적인 목적을위한 동물의 사용 및 안과 및 비전 연구에서 동물의 사용에 대한 ARVO 방침의 지침 연습 호주 코드에 따라 수행되었으며, 승인했다 맥쿼리 대학의 동물 윤리위원회.
1. VEP 전극 주입
2. 시신경 주입
3. VEP 기록
4. 조직 준비 및 조직학
재현성 인트라 셔널 VEP 트레이스는도 1에 도시되어 있으며 대기 N1에서 상당한 지연은 시신경 주입 후에 알 수있다. 탈수 초화의 부분 시신경 병변 룩솔 패스트 블루 염색법을 이용하여 조직 학적 5 절에서 발견 될 수있다. 2 시신경의 중심에 작은 초점 탈수 초 병변 대표적인 부분을 도시한다. 단면은 병변의 총 부피를 대표하지 않습니다. 탈?...
The optic nerve is very susceptible to mechanical damage. Optic nerve crush injury over a duration of 1 s can lead to about 75% loss of RGC over a period of 2 weeks10. Therefore, extreme care is required while performing the surgical procedures. According to the authors’ experience, it is much better to adapt a blunt dissection approach to expose and make way through the tissues around the optic nerve along the orientation of the nerve, rather than penetrating in a perpendicular orientation to the optic ...
None of the authors have competing interests or conflicting interests.
이 연구는 호주 안과 연구소 (오리 아)에 의해 지원되었다. 우리는 처음에 VEP 기록 기술을 개발하기 위해 우리를 도와, 교수 Algis Vingrys 박사 빅뱅 부이, 멜버른 대학 감사합니다.
Name | Company | Catalog Number | Comments |
Ketamine 100 mg/ml (Ketamil) | Troy Laboratories | AC 116 | |
Medetomidine 1 mg/ml (Domitor) | Pfizer | sc-204073 | |
Tropicamide 1.0% (Mydriacyl) | Alcon | sc-202371 | |
Homoeothermic blanket system | Harvard Apparatus | NC9203819 | |
Impedance meter | Grass | F-EZM5 | |
Screw electrodes | Micro Fasteners | M1.0×3mm Csk Slot M/T 304 S/S | |
Subdermal needle electrodes | Grass | F-E3M-72 | |
Rapid Repair | DeguDent GmbH | ||
Light-emitting diode | Nichia | NSPG300A | |
Bioamplifier | CWE, Inc. | BMA-400 | |
CED system | Cambridge Electronic Design, Ltd. | Power1401 | |
Hamilton syringe | Hamilton | 87930 | |
Lysolecithin | Sigma | L4129 | |
Evan’s blue | Sigma | E2129 |
JoVE'article의 텍스트 или 그림을 다시 사용하시려면 허가 살펴보기
허가 살펴보기This article has been published
Video Coming Soon
Copyright © 2025 MyJoVE Corporation. 판권 소유