This research was supported by the National Science Foundation (DBI 0227541).

<ol>
	<li>Brewer, M. T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Development+of+a+controlled+vocabulary+and+software+application+to+analyze+fruit+shape+variation+in+tomato+and+other+plant+species.">Development of a controlled vocabulary and software application to analyze fruit shape variation in tomato and other plant species.</a> Plant Physiol. 141 (1), 15-25 (2006).</li><li>Gonzalo, M. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Tomato+Fruit+Shape+Analysis+Using+Morphometric+and+Morphology+Attributes+Implemented+in+Tomato+Analyzer+Software+Program.">Tomato Fruit Shape Analysis Using Morphometric and Morphology Attributes Implemented in Tomato Analyzer Software Program.</a> Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science. 134 (1), 77-87 (2009).</li><li>Darrigues, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Tomato+analyzer-color+test:+A+new+tool+for+efficient+digital+phenotyping.">Tomato analyzer-color test: A new tool for efficient digital phenotyping.</a> Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science. 133 (4), 579-586 (2008).</li><li>Brewer, M. T., Moyseenko, J. B., Monforte, A. J., van der Knaap, E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Morphological+variation+in+tomato:+a+comprehensive+study+of+quantitative+trait+loci+controlling+fruit+shape+and+development.">Morphological variation in tomato: a comprehensive study of quantitative trait loci controlling fruit shape and development.</a> J Exp Bot. 58 (6), 1339-1349 (2007).</li><li>Gonzalo, M. J., Knaap, E. v. a. n. d. e. r. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+comparative+analysis+into+the+genetic+bases+of+morphology+in+tomato+varieties+exhibiting+elongated+fruit+shape.">A comparative analysis into the genetic bases of morphology in tomato varieties exhibiting elongated fruit shape.</a> Theor Appl Genet. 116 (5), 647-656 (2008).</li><li>Rodr&#237;guez, G. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Diversity+of+SUN,+OVATE+and+FAS+in+the+tomato+germplasm+and+their+effect+on+fruit+morphology+(in+preparation.">Diversity of SUN, OVATE and FAS in the tomato germplasm and their effect on fruit morphology (in preparation.</a> , .</li><li>Wu, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Masters Thesis. , (2009).</li><li>Orsi, C. H., Tanksley, S. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Natural+variation+in+an+ABC+transporter+gene+associated+with+seed+size+evolution+in+tomato+species.">Natural variation in an ABC transporter gene associated with seed size evolution in tomato species.</a> PLoS Genet. 5 (1), e1000347-e1000347 (2009).</li><li>Yue, B., Cai, X., Yuan, W., Vick, B., Hu, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mapping+quantitative+trait+loci+(QTL)+controlling+seed+morphology+and+disk+diameter+in+sunflower+(Helianthus+annuus+L).">Mapping quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling seed morphology and disk diameter in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L).</a> Helia. 32, 17-35 (2009).</li><li>Zeng, Z. B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Theoretical+Basis+for+Separation+of+Multiple+Linked+Gene+Effects+in+Mapping+Quantitative+Trait+Loci.">Theoretical Basis for Separation of Multiple Linked Gene Effects in Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci.</a> Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 90 (23), 10972-10976 (1993).</li><li>Zeng, Z. B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Precision+Mapping+of+Quantitative+Trait+Loci.">Precision Mapping of Quantitative Trait Loci.</a> Genetics. 136 (4), 1457-1468 (1994).</li><li>Jiang, C. J., Zeng, Z. B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Multiple-Trait+Analysis+of+Genetic-Mapping+for+Quantitative+Trait+Loci.">Multiple-Trait Analysis of Genetic-Mapping for Quantitative Trait Loci.</a> Genetics. 140 (3), 1111-1127 (1995).</li><li>. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> IPGRI Descriptors for Tomato (Lycopersicon spp.). , 47-47 (1996).</li><li>. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> UPOV Guidelines for the Conduct of Tests for Distinctness, Uniformity, and Stability. TOMATO (Lycopersicon Lycopersicum (L.) Karsten Ex Farw.). , 51-51 (2001).</li><li>Depypere, L., Chaerle, P., Mijnsbrugge, K. V., Goetghebeur, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Stony+endocarp+dimension+and+shape+variation+in+Prunus+section+Prunus.">Stony endocarp dimension and shape variation in Prunus section Prunus.</a> Annals of Botany. 100 (7), 1585-1597 (2007).</li><li>Depypere, L., Chaerle, P., Breyne, P., Mijnsbrugge, K. V., Goetghebeur, P., P, . <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+combined+morphometric+and+AFLP+based+diversity+study+challenges+the+taxonomy+of+the+European+members+of+the+complex+Prunus+L.+section+Prunus.+.">A combined morphometric and AFLP based diversity study challenges the taxonomy of the European members of the complex Prunus L. section Prunus. .</a> Plant systematics and evolution. 279 (1-4), 219-231 (2009).</li><li>Xiao, H., Jiang, N., Schaffner, E., Stockinger, E. J., van der Knaap, E. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+retrotransposon-mediated+gene+duplication+underlies+morphological+variation+of+tomato+fruit.">A retrotransposon-mediated gene duplication underlies morphological variation of tomato fruit.</a> Science. 319 (5869), 1527-1530 (2008).</li></ol>

High-throughput and accurate evaluation of plant organ morphology and color is difficult because of its quantitative nature and often subjective quantification. TA provides objective and accurate measurements of several fruit morphological and colorimetric traits in a high-throughput and semi-automatic manner. The usefulness of TA has been demonstrated in studies that led to the identification of tomato fruit shape QTL2,4,5. In addition, the classification of cultivars6 and the taxonomy of a group of species has been evaluated using the output of TA15,16. High expression of the tomato fruit shape gene SUN results in elongated fruit17. Using TA, leaf and cotyledon shape was determined in lines expressing SUN to a high level7, demonstrating that the application can be used effectively to measure morphology of other plant organs as well. Moreover, TA has been critically important in identifying the genetic basis of seed size in tomato and sunflower8,9. Lastly, the Color Test module implemented in TA is more precise and accurate, and less expensive than other methods to analyze fruit color in tomato. In summary, TA has become a key tool for the objective and reliable evaluation of morphology and color variation of plant organs.

tomato analyzer: a useful software application to collect accurate and detailed morphological and colorimetric data from two-dimensional objects

Measuring fruit morphology and color traits of vegetable and fruit crops in an objective and reproducible way is important for detailed phenotypic analyses of these traits. Tomato Analyzer (TA) is a software program that measures 37 attributes related to two-dimensional shape in a semi-automatic and reproducible manner1,2. Many of these attributes, such as angles at the distal and proximal ends of the fruit and areas of indentation, are difficult to quantify manually. The attributes are organized in ten categories within the software: Basic Measurement, Fruit Shape Index, Blockiness, Homogeneity, Proximal Fruit End Shape, Distal Fruit End Shape, Asymmetry, Internal Eccentricity, Latitudinal Section and Morphometrics. The last category requires neither prior knowledge nor predetermined notions of the shape attributes, so morphometric analysis offers an unbiased option that may be better adapted to high-throughput analyses than attribute analysis. TA also offers the Color Test application that was designed to collect color measurements from scanned images and allow scanning devices to be calibrated using color standards3. 
TA provides several options to export and analyze shape attribute, morphometric, and color data. The data may be exported to an excel file in batch mode (more than 100 images at one time) or exported as individual images. The user can choose between output that displays the average for each attribute for the objects in each image (including standard deviation), or an output that displays the attribute values for each object on the image. TA has been a valuable and effective tool for indentifying and confirming tomato fruit shape Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL), as well as performing in-depth analyses of the effect of key fruit shape genes on plant morphology. Also, TA can be used to objectively classify fruit into various shape categories. Lastly, fruit shape and color traits in other plant species as well as other plant organs such as leaves and seeds can be evaluated with TA.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Tomato Analyzer: A Useful Software Application to Collect Accurate and Detailed Morphological and Colorimetric Data from Two-dimensional Objects at JoVE.com

Tomato Analyzer: A Useful Software Application to Collect Accurate and Detailed Morphological and Colorimetric Data from Two-dimensional Objects

Tomato Analyzer (TA) quantifies attributes of two dimensional shapes and color in a reproducible and accurate manner. A step-by-step procedure for obtaining high quality digitalized images of tomato fruit, morphological and color analyses of these images and several applications using the data generated through this software are described.

Measuring fruit morphology and color traits of vegetable and fruit crops in an objective and reproducible way is important for detailed phenotypic ...

tomato-analyzer-useful-software-application-to-collect-accurate

Research

JoVE Journal

Biology

26.1K 조회수.  The Ohio State University. 토마토 분석기 (TA)는 재현성하고 정확한 방법으로 2 차원 형태와 색상의 특성을 단정. 토마토 과일의 고품질 디지털 이미지를,이 소프트웨어를 통해 생성되는 데이터를 사용하여 이러한 이미지와 여러 애플 리케이션의 형태학의 분석과 색상을 얻기위한 단계별 절차가 설명되어 있습니다.