Name: reash/flash labeling and image analysis of tetracysteine sensor proteins in cells
Uploaded: 2011-08-31T12:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about ReAsH/FlAsH Labeling and Image Analysis of Tetracysteine Sensor Proteins in Cells at JoVE.com

This work was funded by grants to DMH and TDM (NHMRC project grants). DMH is a Grimwade Fellow, funded by the Miegunyah Trust.

1. Preparation of cells for labeling with ReAsH/FlAsH
<ol>
	<li>Using standard cell culture methods for your cell line of interest, prepare a culture of adherent cells directly in a live cell imaging slide ready for transfection.</li>
	<li>Transfect your plasmid containing TC-tagged gene of interest according to your transfection method of choice.</li>
</ol>
Note it is important to use positive and negative controls to assess the extent of specific binding to the TC tags and to assess for bleedt...

<ol>
	<li>Tsien, R. Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+green+fluorescent+protein.">The green fluorescent protein.</a> Ann. Rev. Biochem. 67, 509-544 (1998).</li><li>Griffin, B. A., Adams, S. R., Tsien, R. Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Specific+covalent+labeling+of+recombinant+protein+molecules+inside+live+cells.">Specific covalent labeling of recombinant protein molecules inside live cells.</a> Science. 281, 269-2672 (1998).</li><li>Uttamapinant, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+fluorophore+ligase+for+site-specific+protein+labeling+inside+living+cells.">A fluorophore ligase for site-specific protein labeling inside living cells.</a> Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 107, 10914-10919 (2010).</li><li>Ignatova, Z., Gierasch, L. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Monitoring+protein+stability+and+aggregation+in+vivo+by+real-time+fluorescent+labeling.">Monitoring protein stability and aggregation in vivo by real-time fluorescent labeling.</a> Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 101, 523-528 (2004).</li><li>Coleman, B. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Conformational+detection+of+prion+protein+with+biarsenical+labeling+and+FlAsH+fluorescence.">Conformational detection of prion protein with biarsenical labeling and FlAsH fluorescence.</a> Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 380, 564-568 (2009).</li><li>Luedtke, N. W., Dexter, R. J., Fried, D. B., Schepartz, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Surveying+polypeptide+and+protein+domain+conformation+and+association+with+FlASH+and+ReAsH.">Surveying polypeptide and protein domain conformation and association with FlASH and ReAsH.</a> Nat. Chem. Biol. 3, 779-784 (2007).</li><li>Ramdzan, Y. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Conformation+sensors+that+distinguish+monomeric+proteins+from+oligomers+in+live+cells.">Conformation sensors that distinguish monomeric proteins from oligomers in live cells.</a> Chem. Biol. 17, 371-379 (2010).</li><li>Abramoff, M. a. g. e. l. h. a. e. s., PJ, S. J. R. a. m. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Image+processing+with+ImageJ.">Image processing with ImageJ.</a> Biophotonics International. 11, 36-42 (2004).</li><li>Hearps, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+biarsenical+dye+Lumio+exhibits+a+reduced+ability+to+specifically+detect+tetracysteine-containing+proteins+within+live+cells.">The biarsenical dye Lumio exhibits a reduced ability to specifically detect tetracysteine-containing proteins within live cells.</a> J. Fluor. 17, 593-597 (2007).</li><li>Adams, S. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=New+biarsenical+ligands+and+tetracysteine+motifs+for+protein+labeling+in+vitro+and+in+vivo:+Synthesis+and+biological+applications.">New biarsenical ligands and tetracysteine motifs for protein labeling in vitro and in vivo: Synthesis and biological applications.</a> J. Am. Chem. Soc. 124, 6063-6076 (2002).</li><li>Shaner, N. C., Steinbach, P. A., Tsien, R. Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+guide+to+choosing+fluorescent+proteins.">A guide to choosing fluorescent proteins.</a> Nat. Meth. 2, 905-909 (2005).</li></ol>

The approach to label protein localization with a fluorescent protein and conformational properties with a second dye offers much 
potential for mapping where different conformations of proteins accrue in cells and events that change the dynamics of protein conformation. 
ReAsH/FlAsH was first used as an in-cell sensor for protein folding of the mammalian cellular retinoic acid-binding protein I 4. In this example, 
the FlAsH bound to a TC tag engineered into cellular retinoic acid-binding protein I had redu...

<table border="1">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<th>Name of the Reagent</th>
			<th>Company</th>
			<th>Catalogue Number</th>
			<th>Comments</th>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>8-well &mu;-slides</td>
			<td>Ibidi</td>
			<td>80826</td>
			<td>We find these chamber slides to be particularly useful for culturing cells for imaging.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>TC-FlAsH II In-cell Tetracysteine Tag Detection Kit *green fluorescence* *for live-cell imaging</td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td>T34561 (FlAsH) or T34562 (ReAsH)</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Hanks' Balanced Salt Solution </td>
			<td>Invitrogen</td>
			<td>14175-103</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>2,3-Dimercapto-1-propanol</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>D1129-5ML</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>1,2-Ethanedithiol</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>02390-25ML</td>
			<td>&nbsp;</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

reash/flash labeling and image analysis of tetracysteine sensor proteins in cells

Fluorescent proteins and dyes are essential tools for the study of protein trafficking, localization and function in cells. While fluorescent 
proteins such as green fluorescence protein (GFP) have been extensively used as fusion partners to proteins to track the properties of a protein of interest1, recent 
developments with smaller tags enable new functionalities of proteins to be examined in cells such as conformational change and protein-association 2, 3. One small 
tag system involves a tetracysteine motif (CCXXCC) genetically inserted into a target protein, which binds to biarsenical dyes, ReAsH (red fluorescent) and FlAsH 
(green fluorescent), with high specificity even in live cells 2. The TC/biarsenical dye system offers far less steric constraints to the host protein than 
fluorescent proteins which has enabled several new approaches to measure conformational change and protein-protein interactions 4-7. We recently developed 
a novel application of TC tags as sensors of oligomerization in cells expressing mutant huntingtin, which when mutated aggregates in neurons in Huntington 
disease 7. Huntingtin was tagged with two fluorescent dyes, one a fluorescent protein to track protein location, and the second a TC tag which only 
binds biarsenical dyes in monomers. Hence, changes in colocalization between protein and biarsenical dye reactivity enabled submicroscopic oligomer 
content to be spatially mapped within cells. Here, we describe how to label TC-tagged proteins fused to a fluorescent protein (Cherry, GFP or CFP) 
with FlAsH or ReAsH in live mammalian cells and how to quantify the two color fluorescence (Cherry/FlAsH, CFP/FlAsH or GFP/ReAsH combinations).

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about ReAsH/FlAsH Labeling and Image Analysis of Tetracysteine Sensor Proteins in Cells at JoVE.com

ReAsH/FlAsH Labeling and Image Analysis of Tetracysteine Sensor Proteins in Cells

The biarsenical dyes FlAsH and ReAsH bind specifically to tetracysteine motifs in proteins and can selectively label proteins in live cells. Recently this labeling strategy has been used to develop sensors for different protein conformations or oligomeric states. We describe the labeling approach and methods to quantitatively analyze binding.

Fluorescent proteins and dyes are essential tools for the study of protein trafficking, localization and function in cells.  While fluorescent 
proteins ...

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