Name: reactive vapor deposition of conjugated polymer films on arbitrary substrates
Uploaded: 2018-01-17T10:55:00.000+00:00
Duration: 7 min 32 s
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Reactive Vapor Deposition of Conjugated Polymer Films on Arbitrary Substrates at JoVE.com

저자는 기꺼이 미국 공군 사무실의 과학적 연구, 계약 번호 FA9550-14-1-0128 아래 로부터 재정 지원을 인정 한다. T. L. A. 또한 기꺼이 데이빗과 루 실 패 커드 재단 지원 부분을 인정합니다.

시 약에 대 한 MSDS를 읽었고 당신의 기관에서 필요에 따라 모든 화학 안전 조치를 따르십시오.
1. Cl PProDOT 및 Cl-PTT의 증 착
<ol><li>그림 1에서 보듯이 사용자 관 증기 증 착 챔버의 구조 구축.<ol>
<li>2 인치 (마약) 융합 석 영 튜브를 만들어 1/4-인치 (외경, 마약) 융합 석 영 쪽 입구. 맞춤식 U 자형 1 인치 스테인레스 스틸 튜브와 Dewar 플라스 크 콜드 트랩을 확인 합니다.</li>
		<li>진공 게이지와 콜드 트랩 스테인리스 KF 커넥터를 사용 하 여 석 영 튜브를 연결 하 고 빠른 연결 커플링. 석 영 용액에는 모노 머를 배치 하 고 1/4-인치 통해 관 약 실에는 용액을 연결 커플링 및 바늘 밸브 빠른 연결. 장소는 챔버에 도가니에 산화 제.</li>
		<li>산화 제, 기판은 단위체에 대 한 소스를 난방으로 별도 난방 테이프를 사용 합니다. 가스 입구 소개 필요한 경우 프로세스 압력 제어를 추가 노블 가스 챔버의 오른쪽 끝에 추가 합니다.</li>
	</ol>
</li>
	<li>
Cl PProDOT의 증 착
	<ol>
<li>단량체 앰 풀에 3, 4-propylenedioxythiophene (ProDOT)의 50 밀리 그램을 추가 하 고 관 챔버에 연결. 니 들 밸브 뜨고.</li>
		<li>챔버에 기판 (유리 슬라이드, 직물, 종이, 등등)를 넣어. 기판의 크기는 1.3 c m x 2.5 c m입니다.</li>
		<li>5 mL 도가니에 FeCl3 의 50 밀리 그램을 추가 하 고 챔버에 배치. 참고: 단위체 입구, 기판 및 도가니의 상대적 위치는 그림 1에 나와 있습니다. 단위체 입구와 도가니 사이의 거리는 13cm입니다.</li>
		<li>펌프를 켭니다. 천천히 챔버의 오른쪽 끝에 밸브를 닫습니다. 후에 챔버 압력은 525 mTorr 아래 (70 Pa), 콜드 트랩에 액체 질소를 추가.</li>
		<li>포장 테이프 난방 3 난방 영역와 난방 테이프 온도 컨트롤러에 연결 하십시오.</li>
		<li>압력 처리 압력을 감소 하는 때 (52.5 mTorr, 7 Pa), 모노 머 컨테이너의 니 들 밸브를 닫습니다.</li>
		<li>난방은 산화 제, 고 기판 및 170 ° C, 80 ° C에 80 ° C, 모노 머 각각 시작 합니다. ~ 10 분 후 FeCl3 증발 하 고 빨간 FeCl3 단단한 멋진 지역에서 형성 됩니다.</li>
		<li>단량체 컨테이너의 니 들 밸브를 엽니다. 참고: 블루 색 박막 기판 지역에서 형성 됩니다. 일반적인 성장 속도 ~ 10 nm/분 있도록 FeCl3 증기 챔버에 단위체 컨테이너의 니 들 밸브를 열기 전에 형성 된다. 그렇지 않으면,는 단위체 FeCl3 고체 도가니에 반응 하 고는 산화의 더 기화를 방지 하는 고분자 층 형성.</li>
		<li>원하는 두께 얻을 때 단위체 컨테이너의 니 들 밸브를 닫습니다. 모든 난방 테이프를 끄고 시스템 실내 온도에 냉각.</li>
		<li>가스 입구 밸브를 열고 펌프를 해제 합니다.</li>
		<li>챔버의 샘플을 걸릴. 신중 하 게 담가 30 분 잔여 산화 제 및 모노 머 제거 메탄올에서 샘플. 참고: 시간을 Rinsing 필름 두께 증가할수록 증가 한다. 30 분 세 정은 100 보다 영화에 대 한 전형적인 유리 슬라이드에 nm. 영화 500 보다 두꺼운 nm rinsing 때 기판에서 delaminate 수 있습니다.</li>
		<li>신중 하 게 타격 건조 질소 가스로 샘플.</li>
	</ol>
</li>
	<li>
Cl PTT의 증 착
	<ol>
<li>Thieno의 50 밀리 그램을 추가 [3.2-b] thiophene (TT) 단위체 앰 풀에 관 챔버에 연결. 니 들 밸브 뜨고.</li>
		<li>1.2.2 단계를 반복 합니다. 1.2.12 하.</li>
	</ol>
</li>
</ol>2입니다. Br PEDOT의 증 착
<ol><li>
증 착 챔버 설치
	<ol>
<li>석 영 튜브를 산화 제에 대 한 추가 1/4-인치 쪽 입구를 추가 하 고 8 인치 단위체 입구 떨어져. 석 영 용액에서 액체 산화 제를 놓고 단위체 (그림 2)으로 같은 방식으로 관 약 실에는 용액을 연결 합니다.</li>
	</ol>
</li>
	<li>
Br PEDOT의 증 착
	<ol>
<li>단량체 용액에 3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT)의 2 개 mL를 추가 하 고 관 약 실에는 용액을 연결. 니 들 밸브 뜨고.</li>
		<li>단량체 증기 입구 근처 관 실에서 기판 (유리 슬라이드, 직물, 종이, 등)를 배치 합니다. 기판의 크기는 1.3 c m x 2.5 c m입니다.</li>
		<li>증기 두건에서 산화 제 용액에 b r2 의 2 개 mL를 추가, 바늘 밸브에는 용액을 연결 하 고 니 들 밸브 폐쇄 유지. 석 영 튜브를 니 들 밸브를 연결 합니다. 주의: Br2 는 위험 물질 이다. 주의 사용 하 여 처리 하는 경우.</li>
		<li>펌프를 켭니다. 천천히 챔버의 오른쪽 끝에 밸브를 닫습니다. 후에 챔버 압력은 525 mTorr 아래 (70 Pa), 콜드 트랩에 액체 질소를 추가.</li>
		<li>단위체 지역 난방 테이프를 포장 하 고 온도 컨트롤러와 연결. 실 온에서 기판 및 산화 제 영역을 유지 합니다.</li>
		<li>처리 압력 52.5 mTorr의 압력 감소 하는 때 (7 Pa)는 산화의 니 들 밸브를 엽니다. 참고: 반응은 매우 빠르다. Br2 매우 휘발성 때문에 블루 PEDOT 영화 단위체 입구 가까이 형성할 것 이다.</li>
		<li>원하는 두께 달성 하는 경우는 산화 제와는 단위체의 니 들 밸브를 닫습니다.</li>
		<li>난방 테이프를 끄고 시스템 실내 온도에 냉각.</li>
		<li>가스 입구 밸브를 열고 펌프를 해제 합니다. 챔버의 샘플을 걸릴. 참고: Rinsing Br2에 대 한 필요 하지 않습니다-폴리머를 첨가.</li>
	</ol>
</li>
</ol>

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저자는 공개 없다.

반응의 메커니즘은 산화 중 합. 동일한 메커니즘을 사용 하 여 폴리머 코팅 방법 electropolymerization17 를 포함 하 고 단계 중 합18증기. Electropolymerization과 필요 합니다 전도성 기판, 균일 하 고 컨 포 멀 코팅의 장점은 부족 한 환경 비 우 솔루션 기반 방법19. 기존 수증기 단계 중 합 방법 여기 보고 메서드와 유사 하지만 높은 휘발성 단위체<sup class=...

실시 하는 폴리머와 반도체 재료 유연성1, stretchability2, 투명도 낮은 밀도,3,4 를 만들기 위한 특별 한 기회를 제공 하는 독특한 특성을가지고 다음-세대 전례 없던 기판에 전자 장치입니다. 현재, 많은 연구자는 유연한 만들려고 고분자 재료 및 착용 형 전자5,6 , 스마트 섬유7의 독특한 속성의 활용 노력. 그러나, 높은 질감된 표면 및 종이, 직물 및 스레드/원사, 같은 비-강력한 기판 conformally 코트 수 unmastered 남아 있습니다. 가장 일반적으로, 고분자 합성 되며 솔루션 메서드를 사용 하 여 표면에 코팅. 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 솔루션 방법 제공 폴리머 코팅 섬유/직물, 이렇게 얻어진 코팅은 종종 비 제복 및 작은 물리적 스트레스13,14 에 의해 쉽게 손상. 솔루션 방법 또한 하지에 적용 됩니다 코팅 종이 일로 문제 때문에.
사후 증 착 기판, 표면 화학/구성, 표면 에너지, 표면 거칠기/지형15불문의 다양 한 범위에 등각 활용된 폴리머 필름을 만들 수 있습니다. 이 방법에서는, 활용 된 고분자 표면에 단량체와 산화 제 증기를 동시에 제공 하 여 수증기 단계에서 합성 됩니다. 중 합 및 필름 형성, 용 매-무료 단일 단계에서 표면에 발생합니다. 이 방법은 이론적으로 솔루션 메서드를 사용 하 여 산화 중 합에 의해 종합 될 수 있는 어떤 활용 된 중합체에 적용 됩니다. 그러나, 날짜, 프로토콜 활용 된 고분자 구조의 좁은 집합만 입금에 대 한 알려져 있다. 15
여기, 우리가 설명 전도성 poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) 및 poly(3,4-propylenedioxythiophene) (PProDOT), 그리고 반도체 폴 리의 증 착 (thieno [3.2-b] thiophene) 통해 반응성 증 착 (PTT) 영화. 두 종류의 oxidants, 고체 FeCl3 및 액체 브롬2, 과정에 사용 됩니다. 해당 고분자에는 Cl-PProDOT, Cl-PTT 및 Br PEDOT 이름이 지정 됩니다. 모두 기존의 기판, 유리 슬라이드, 및 종이 수건, 직물, 등 개성 있는 텍스처 기판, 폴리머 필름 코팅 했다.
이 프로토콜은 사용자 증기 증 착 챔버의 설치 및 증 착 프로세스의 세부 사항을 설명합니다. 그것은 그들의 증 착 시스템을 구축 하 고 관련-기상 합성 된 일반적인 함정을 피하기 위해 새로운 실무자 수 있도록 위한 것입니다.

<table><tbody><tr><td>3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene, 97%</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>483028</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>3,4-Propylenedioxythiophene, 97%</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>660485</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Thieno[3,2-b]thiophene, 95%</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>702668</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>FeCl&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, 97%</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>157740</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Br&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>207888</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

reactive vapor deposition of conjugated polymer films on arbitrary substrates

Conformally 사용자 정의-설계, 저압 반응 챔버를 사용 하 여 임의의 기판에 활용 된 고분자를 코팅 하는 방법을 설명 합니다. 전도성 고분자, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) 및 poly(3,4-propylenedioxythiophene) (PProDOT), 및 반도체 고분자, 폴 리 (thieno [3.2-b] thiophene) (PTT), 높은 무질서 개성에 예금 되었다 고 종이 수건, 직물 등 높은 표면 영역, 질감된 기판. 이 증 착 챔버 버전은 이전 증기 원자로 시스템 3, 4-propylenedioxythiophene 및 thieno와 같은 휘발성과 비휘발성 단위체를 수용할 수 있기 때문에 보고 [3.2-b] thiophene. 고체와 액체 oxidants의 활용도 시연 했다. 이 방법의 한 가지 한계는 두께 모니터에 정교한 제자리에 없다. 폴리머 코팅 스핀-코팅 및 표면 접목, 같은 일반적으로 사용 되는 솔루션 기반 코팅 방법에 의해 만들어진 없습니다 종종 유니폼 또는 기계적 저하에 취약. 이것 보고 증기 위상 증 착 방법 그 단점을 극복 하 고 일반적인 솔루션 기반 코팅 방법에 대 한 강력한 대안입니다. 특히, 폴리머 필름 보고 방법으로 코팅 균일 하 고 멀 마이크로미터 스케일 에서도 거친 표면에 있습니다. 이 기능은 유연 하 고 높은 질감 기판에 전자 장치에서 증기 입금 폴리머의 미래 응용 프로그램 수 있습니다.

Cl PProDOT 영화 중앙 관에 따라 개별 측면 위치에 배치 하는 1.3 c m x 2.5 c m 유리 슬라이드에 형성의 두께 profilometer (그림 3)에 의해 측정 되었다. Conductivities는 집에서 만든 4 포인트 프로브 시험 역을 사용 하 여 저항 측정에서 계산 했다. 100 nm 두꺼운 Cl PProDOT 영화 유리 슬라이드에 측정된 전도도 잠재적인 전극 소재로이 영화 자격 충분 한 106 S/cm입니다. ...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Reactive Vapor Deposition of Conjugated Polymer Films on Arbitrary Substrates at JoVE.com

Reactive Vapor Deposition of Conjugated Polymer Films on Arbitrary Substrates

임의 기판에 활용 된 고분자 필름의 반응성 증 착

이 문서에서는 poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), poly(3,4-propylenedioxythiophene), 및 폴 리의 반응 기상 증 착에 대 한 프로토콜 설명 (thieno [3.2-b] thiophene) 유리 슬라이드와 거친 기판, 섬유, 종이 등에 대 한 영화.

We demonstrate a method of conformally coating conjugated polymers on arbitrary substrates using a custom-designed, low-pressure reaction chamber. ...

reactive-vapor-deposition-conjugated-polymer-films-on-arbitrary

Research

JoVE Journal

Chemistry

33.6K 조회수.  University of Wisconsin-Madison. 이 문서에서는 poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), poly(3,4-propylenedioxythiophene), 및 폴 리의 반응 기상 증 착에 대 한 프로토콜 설명 (thieno [3.2-b] thiophene) 유리 슬라이드와 거친 기판, 섬유, 종이 등에 대 한 영화.

비디오: Reactive Vapor Deposition of Conjugated Polymer Films on Arbitrary Substrates

Preparation of Hydrophobic Metal-Organic Frameworks via Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition of Perfluoroalkanes for the Removal of Ammonia

Plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) of perfluoroalkanes has long been studied for tuning the wetting properties of surfaces. For high surface area microporous materials, such as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), unique challenges present themselves for PECVD treatments. Herein the protocol for development of a MOF that was previously unstable to humid conditions is presented. The protocol describes the synthesis of Cu-BTC (also known as HKUST-1), the treatment of Cu-BTC with PECVD of perfluoroalkanes, the aging of materials under humid conditions, and the subsequent ammonia microbreakthrough experiments on milligram quantities of microporous materials. Cu-BTC has an extremely high surface area (~1,800 m2/g) when compared to most materials or surfaces that have been previously treated by PECVD methods. Parameters such as chamber pressure and treatment time are extremely important to ensure the perfluoroalkane plasma penetrates to and reacts with the inner MOF surfaces. Furthermore, the protocol for ammonia microbreakthrough experiments set forth here can be utilized for a variety of test gases and microporous materials.

Herein the procedures for plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition of perfluoroalkanes on microporous materials such as metal-organic frameworks to enhance their stability and hydrophobicity are described. Furthermore, breakthrough testing of milligram quantities of samples is described in detail.

플라즈마 통해 소수성 유기 금속 프레임 워크의 제조 암모니아의 제거에 대한 퍼플 루오로 알칸의 화학 증착을 강화

Plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) of perfluoroalkanes has long been studied for tuning the wetting properties of surfaces. For high ...

연구

화학

Reductive Electropolymerization of a Vinyl-containing Poly-pyridyl Complex on Glassy Carbon and Fluorine-doped Tin Oxide Electrodes

Controllable electrode surface modification is important in a number of fields, especially those with solar fuels applications. Electropolymerization is one surface modification technique that electrodeposits a polymeric film at the surface of an electrode by utilizing an applied potential to initiate the polymerization of substrates in the Helmholtz layer. This useful technique was first established by a Murray-Meyer collaboration at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in the early 1980s and utilized to study numerous physical phenomena of films containing inorganic complexes as the monomeric substrate. Here, we highlight a procedure for coating electrodes with an inorganic complex by performing reductive electropolymerization of the vinyl-containing poly-pyridyl complex onto glassy carbon and fluorine doped tin oxide coated electrodes. Recommendations on electrochemical cell configurations and troubleshooting procedures are included. Although not explicitly described here, oxidative electropolymerization of pyrrole-containing compounds follows similar procedures to vinyl-based reductive electropolymerization but are far less sensitive to oxygen and water.

A procedure for performing reductive electropolymerization of vinyl-containing compounds onto glassy carbon and fluorine doped tin-oxide coated electrodes is presented. Recommendations on electrochemical cell configurations and troubleshooting procedures are included. Although not explicitly described here, oxidative electropolymerization of pyrrole-containing compounds follows similar procedures to vinyl-based reductive electropolymerization.

유리 탄소와 불소 도핑 된 주석 산화물 전극에 비닐 함유 폴리 피리 딜 단지의 환원 적 전기 중합

Controllable electrode surface modification is important in a number of fields, especially those with solar fuels applications. Electropolymerization is ...

Fabrication of Large-area Free-standing Ultrathin Polymer Films

This procedure describes a method for the fabrication of large-area and ultrathin free-standing polymer films. Typically, ultrathin films are prepared using either sacrificial layers, which may damage the film or affect its mechanical properties, or they are made on freshly cleaved mica, a substrate that is difficult to scale. Further, the size of ultrathin film is typically limited to a few square millimeters. In this method, we modify a surface with a polyelectrolyte that alters the strength of adhesion between polymer and deposition substrate. The polyelectrolyte can be shown to remain on the wafer using spectroscopy, and a treated wafer can be used to produce multiple films, indicating that at best minimal amounts of the polyelectrolyte are added to the film. The process has thus far been shown to be limited in scalability only by the size of the coating equipment, and is expected to be readily scalable to industrial processes. In this study, the protocol for making the solutions, preparing the deposition surface, and producing the films is described.

We describe a method for the fabrication of large-area (up to 13 cm diameter) and ultrathin (as thin as 8 nm) polymer films. Instead of using a sacrificial interlayer to delaminate the film from its substrate, we use a self-limiting surface treatment suitable for arbitrarily large areas.

대 면적의 제작은 초박막 고분자 필름을 무료 서

This procedure describes a method for the fabrication of large-area and ultrathin free-standing polymer films.  Typically, ultrathin films are prepared ...

Layer-by-layer Synthesis and Transfer of Freestanding Conjugated Microporous Polymer Nanomembranes

CMP as large surface area materials have attracted growing interest recently, due to their high variability in the incorporation of functional groups in combination with their outstanding thermal and chemical stability, and low densities. However, their insoluble nature causes problems in their processing since usually applied techniques such as spin coating are not available. Especially for membrane applications, where the processing of CMP as thin films is desirable, the processing problems have hindered their commercial application.
Here we describe the interfacial synthesis of CMP thin films on functionalized substrates via molecular layer-by-layer (l-b-l) synthesis. This process allows the preparation of films with desired thickness and composition and even desired composition gradients.
The use of sacrificial supports allows the preparation of freestanding membranes by dissolution of the support after the synthesis. To handle such ultra-thin freestanding membranes the protection with sacrificial coatings showed great promise, to avoid rupture of the nanomembranes. To transfer the nanomembranes to the desired substrate, the coated membranes are upfloated at the air-liquid interface and then transferred via dip coating.

In this paper we describe the interfacial synthesis of conjugated microporous polymers (CMP) on sacrificial substrates, and the dissolution of the substrate for the preparation of freestanding CMP nanomembranes. In addition, we will describe how the fragile nanomembranes can be transferred to other substrates.

레이어로 레이어 합성 및 독립 구조로 서있는 공역 미세 다공성 고분자 Nanomembranes의 전송

CMP as large surface area materials have attracted growing interest recently, due to their high variability in the incorporation of functional groups in ...

Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of Functionalized Vinyl Monomers Using Perylene as a Visible Light Photocatalyst

A standardized technique for atom transfer radical polymerization of vinyl monomers using perylene as a visible-light photocatalyst is presented. The procedure is performed under an inert atmosphere using air- and water-exclusion techniques. The outcome of the polymerization is affected by the ratios of monomer, initiator, and catalyst used as well as the reaction concentration, solvent, and nature of the light source. Temporal control over the polymerization can be exercised by turning the visible light source off and on. Low dispersities of the resultant polymers as well as the ability to chain-extend to form block copolymers suggest control over the polymerization, while chain end-group analysis provides evidence supporting an atom-transfer radical polymerization mechanism.

A method for the atom transfer radical polymerization of functionalized vinyl monomers using perylene as a visible-light photocatalyst is described.

가시광 광촉매 페 릴렌 사용 관능 비닐 모노머의 원자 이동 라디칼 중합

A standardized technique for atom transfer radical polymerization of vinyl monomers using perylene as a visible-light photocatalyst is presented. The ...

Electroactive Polymer Nanoparticles Exhibiting Photothermal Properties

A method for the synthesis of electroactive polymers is demonstrated, starting with the synthesis of extended conjugation monomers using a three-step process that finishes with Negishi coupling. Negishi coupling is a cross-coupling process in which a chemical precursor is first lithiated, followed by transmetallation with ZnCl2. The resultant organozinc compound can be coupled to a dibrominated aromatic precursor to give the conjugated monomer. Polymer films can be prepared via electropolymerization of the monomer and characterized using cyclic voltammetry and ultraviolet-visible-near infrared (UV-Vis-NIR) spectroscopy. Nanoparticles (NPs) are prepared via emulsion polymerization of the monomer using a two-surfactant system to yield an aqueous dispersion of the polymer NPs. The NPs are characterized using dynamic light scattering, electron microscopy, and UV-Vis-NIR-spectroscopy. Cytocompatibility of NPs is investigated using the cell viability assay. Finally, the NP suspensions are irradiated with a NIR laser to determine their effectiveness as potential materials for photothermal therapy (PTT).

A protocol is presented for the synthesis and preparation of nanoparticles consisting of electroactive polymers.

전기 활성 고분자 나노 입자 출전 광열 등록

A method for the synthesis of electroactive polymers is demonstrated, starting with the synthesis of extended conjugation monomers using a three-step ...

공학

Fabricating Reactive Surfaces with Brush-like and Crosslinked Films of Azlactone-Functionalized Block Co-Polymers

In this paper, fabrication methods that generate novel surfaces using the azlactone-based block co-polymer, poly (glycidyl methacrylate)-block-poly (vinyl dimethyl azlactone) (PGMA-b-PVDMA), are presented. Due to the high reactivity of azlactone groups towards amine, thiol, and hydroxyl groups, PGMA-b-PVDMA surfaces can be modified with secondary molecules to create chemically or biologically functionalized interfaces for a variety of applications. Previous reports of patterned PGMA-b-PVDMA interfaces have used traditional top-down patterning techniques that generate non-uniform films and poorly controlled background chemistries. Here, we describe customized patterning techniques that enable precise deposition of highly uniform PGMA-b-PVDMA films in backgrounds that are chemically inert or that have biomolecule-repellent properties. Importantly, these methods are designed to deposit PGMA-b-PVDMA films in a manner that completely preserves azlactone functionality through each processing step. Patterned films show well-controlled thicknesses that correspond to polymer brushes (~90 nm) or to highly crosslinked structures (~1-10 &#956;m). Brush patterns are generated using either the parylene lift-off or interface directed assembly methods described and are useful for precise modulation of overall chemical surface reactivity by adjusting either the PGMA-b-PVDMA pattern density or the length of the VDMA block. In contrast, the thick, crosslinked PGMA-b-PVDMA patterns are obtained using a customized micro-contact printing technique and offer the benefit of higher loading or capture of secondary material due to higher surface area to volume ratios. Detailed experimental steps, critical film characterizations, and trouble-shooting guides for each fabrication method are discussed.

Surface fabrication methods for patterned deposition of nanometer thick brushes or micron thick, crosslinked films of an azlactone block co-polymer are reported. Critical experimental steps, representative results, and limitations of each method are discussed. These methods are useful for creating functional interfaces with tailored physical features and tunable surface reactivity.

브러쉬 모양의 반응 표면 날조 및 Azlactone 기능성된 블록 공동 고분자의 가교 된 영화

In this paper, fabrication methods that generate novel surfaces using the azlactone-based block co-polymer, poly (glycidyl methacrylate)-block-poly (vinyl ...

Procedure for the Transfer of Polymer Films Onto Porous Substrates with Minimized Defects

The fabrication of devices containing thin film composite membranes necessitates the transfer of these films onto the surfaces of arbitrary support substrates. Accomplishing this transfer in a highly controlled, mechanized, and reproducible manner can eliminate the creation of macroscale defect structures (e.g., tears, cracks, and wrinkles) within the thin film that compromise device performance and the usable area per sample. Here, we describe a general protocol for the highly controlled and mechanized transfer of a polymeric thin film onto an arbitrary porous support substrate for eventual use as a water filtration membrane device. Specifically, we fabricate a block copolymer (BCP) thin film on top of a sacrificial, water-soluble poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) layer and silicon wafer substrate. We then utilize a custom-designed, 3D-printed transfer tool and drain chamber system to deposit, lift-off, and transfer the BCP thin film onto the center of a porous anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) support disc. The transferred BCP thin film is shown to be consistently placed onto the center of the support surface due to the guidance of the meniscus formed between the water and the 3D-printed plastic drain chamber. We also compare our mechanized transfer-processed thin films to those that have been transferred by hand with the use of tweezers. Optical inspection and image analysis of the transferred thin films from the mechanized process confirm that little-to-no macroscale inhomogeneities or plastic deformations are produced, as compared to the multitude of tears and wrinkles produced from manual transfer by hand. Our results suggest that the proposed strategy for thin film transfer can reduce defects when compared to other methods across many systems and applications.

We present a procedure for highly controlled and wrinkle-free transfer of block copolymer thin films onto porous support substrates using a 3D-printed drain chamber. The drain chamber design is of general relevance to all procedures involving transfer of macromolecular films onto porous substrates, which is normally done by hand in an irreproducible fashion.

결함이 최소화된 다공성 기판에 폴리머 필름 을 이송하는 절차

The fabrication of devices containing thin film composite membranes necessitates the transfer of these films onto the surfaces of arbitrary support ...

Development of Efficient OLEDs from Solution Deposition

The use of highly efficient organic emitters based on the thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) concept is interesting due to their 100% internal quantum efficiency. Presented here is a solution deposition method for the fabrication of efficient organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) based on a TADF emitter in a simple device structure. This fast, low-cost, and efficient process can be used for all OLED emissive layers that follow the host-guest concept. The fundamental steps are described along with necessary information for further reproduction. The goal to establish a general protocol that can be easily adapted for principal organic emitters currently under study and development.

Presented here is a protocol for the fabrication of efficient, simple, solution-deposited organic light-emitting diodes with low roll-off.

용액 증착을 통한 효율적인 OLED 개발

The use of highly efficient organic emitters based on the thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) concept is interesting due to their 100% ...

Vapor Phase Deposition of Electroactive Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) onto Electrospun Commodity Polymer Nanofibers

This study investigates the preparation of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers through electrospinning to create highly porous and strong materials for applications in water purification, electrocatalysis, and biomedicine. The uniformly white PAN nanofiber mats were cut into 2 cm x 2 cm coupons to ensure consistency. After electrospinning, these nanofibers were coated with an electroactive polymer (EAP) using chemical vapor deposition, with iron (III) chloride (FeCl3) serving as an oxidant for polymerizing 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) into poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT). The study examined the impact of different FeCl3 concentrations on PEDOT deposition on the PAN coupons. PEDOT deposition led to an increase in coupon weight. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed increases in the diameter of the nanofibers treated with increasing FeCl3 oxidant concentration, although higher FeCl3&#160;concentrations caused inter-fiber bridging, implying a concomitant decrease in inter-fiber spacing. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) was used to confirm the presence of Fe, Cl, and S in the nanofibers, with sulfur content rising with FeCl3&#160;concentration used, suggesting increased PEDOT deposition efficiency with increasing oxidant concentration. Mechanical testing showed that PEDOT-coated PAN fibers had improved tensile strength and toughness in the hydrated state compared to pure PAN nanofibers. These results highlight the crucial role of FeCl3&#160;concentration in influencing the morphology and properties of PAN-PEDOT composites, enhancing their suitability for applications such as water purification, tissue engineering, biosensing, catalysis, and energy storage.

This paper describes a simple technique for coating electrospun PAN nanofibers with electroactive polymers using vapor deposition. The effects of the oxidant FeCl&#8323; on the deposition of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) coatings on PAN were investigated to understand and optimize polymer growth, fiber diameter, and overall mechanical strength of the nanofiber mats.

전기 방사 상품 고분자 나노 섬유에 전기 활성 폴리 (3,4- 에틸렌 디옥시 티오펜)의 기상 증착

This study investigates the preparation of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers through electrospinning to create highly porous and strong materials for ...