Capítulo 8
Reações de Alquenos
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Regiosseletividade de Adições Eletrofílicas-Efeito de Peróxido
In the presence of organic peroxides, the addition of hydrogen bromide to an alkene yields the isomer that is not predicted by Markovnikov’s rule. ...
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Reação em Cadeia de Radicais Livres e Polimerização de Alquenos
The conversion of alkenes to macromolecules called polymers is a reaction of high commercial importance. The structure of the polymer is defined by a ...
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Halogenação de Alquenos
Halogenation is the addition of chlorine or bromine across the double bond in an alkene to yield a vicinal dihalide. The reaction occurs in the presence ...
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Formação de Haloidrina a Partir de Alquenos
An alkene, such as propene, reacts with bromine in the presence of water to yield a halohydrin. Halohydrins contain a halogen and a hydroxyl group ...
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Hidratação de Alquenos Catalisada por Ácido
Alkenes react with water in the presence of an acid to form an alcohol. In the absence of acid, hydration of alkenes does not occur at a significant rate, ...
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Regiosseletividade e Estereoquímica da Hidratação Catalisada por Ácido
The rate of acid-catalyzed hydration of alkenes depends on the alkene's structure, as the presence of alkyl substituents at the double bond can ...
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Oximercuração-Redução de Alquenos
Oxymercuration–reduction of alkenes is one of the major reactions converting alkenes to alcohols. It involves the hydration of alkenes with mercuric ...
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Hidroboração-Oxidação de Alquenos
In addition to the oxymercuration–demercuration method, which converts the alkenes to alcohols with Markovnikov orientation, a complementary ...
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Regiosseletividade e Estereoquímica da Hidroboração
A significant aspect of hydroboration–oxidation is the regio- and stereochemical outcome of the reaction.
Hydroboration proceeds in a concerted ...
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Oxidação de Alquenos: Sin-diidroxilação com Tetraóxido de Ósmio
Alkenes are converted to 1,2-diols or glycols through a process called dihydroxylation. It involves the addition of two hydroxyl groups across the double ...
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Oxidação de Alquenos: Sin-diidroxilação com Permanganato de Potássio
Alkenes can be dihydroxylated using potassium permanganate. The method encompasses the reaction of an alkene with a cold, dilute solution of ...
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Oxidação de Alquenos: Antidiidroxilação com Peroxiácidos
Diols are compounds with two hydroxyl groups. In addition to syn dihydroxylation, diols can also be synthesized through the process of anti ...
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Clivagem Oxidativa de Alquenos: Ozonólise
In ozonolysis, ozone is used to cleave a carbon–carbon double bond to form aldehydes and ketones, or carboxylic acids, depending on the work-up.
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Redução de Alquenos: Hidrogenação Catalítica
Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a ...
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Redução de Alquenos: Hidrogenação Catalítica Assimétrica
Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of ...
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