Estes estudos foram financiados em parte pelo NIH Prêmio UO1HL107443-01 a GJM e GM.

1. Isolamento e expansão de células mononucleares do sangue periférico (PBMC) DIA 0 <ol><li> Aspire 4 ml de sangue periférico num Vacutainer CPT BD Tubo Preparação celular com citrato de sódio. Inverter o tubo de 8 a 10 vezes e centrifugar a 1800 xg durante 30 min à temperatura ambiente. Idealmente, esta etapa deve ser feito dentro de 2 horas da coleta. </li><li> Recolher as células mononucleares (MCs), pipetando buffy coat (camada de células entre barreira de gel e de plasma) para um tubo de 15 ml estéril de centrífuga cónico. Levar o volume total a 10 ml com fosfato estéril-salino tamponado (PBS), invertido várias vezes e centrifugar a 300 xg durante 15 min. </li><li> Ressuspender as células em 10 ml de PBS estéril e efectuar a contagem de células. Transferir 1 a 2x10 6 células para um tubo estéril de 15 ml de centrífuga cónico e centrifugar a 300 xg durante 10 min. </li><li> Ressuspender as células em 2 ml de meio de expansão (EM) (QBSF-60 Medium Stem Cell contendo 50 ug / ml AscoÁcido rbic, 50 ng / ml de SCF, 10 ng / ml de IL-3, de 2 U / mL de EPO, 40 ng / ml de IGF-1, 1 uM de dexametasona e 100 ug / ml ou 1 primocin% Pen / Strep) e transferir para um poço de uma placa de 12 poços. Incubar as células em uma de 37 ° C, 5% CO 2 incubadora. </li><li> Centrifugar células restantes a 300 x g durante 10 min e liof ~ 2x10 6 células / frasco em FBS contendo DMSO a 10%. </li><li> Para iniciar o protocolo utilizando PBMCs congelados, descongelar uma ampola de células para 10 ml de meio QBSF e centrifugar a 300 xg durante 10 min. Ressuspender as células em 2 ml de EM e transferir para um poço de uma placa de 12 poços. Incubar as células em uma de 37 ° C, 5% CO 2 incubadora. </li></ol> Dia 3 eo dia 6 <ol start="17"><li> Transferir as células para um tubo estéril de 15 ml e lava-cónica do poço uma vez com 1 ml de QBSF-60 Medium Stem Cell para recolher as células aderentes. </li><li> Centrifugar as células a 300 xg durante 10 min. </li><li> Ressuspender as células em 2 ml de EM e transferir para um poço de um 12Bem-placa. Incubar as células em uma de 37 ° C, 5% CO 2 incubadora. </li></ol> 2. Transdução de PBMCs com STEMCCA Lentivirus DIA 9 <ol><li> Transferir as células para um tubo estéril de 15 ml e lava-cónica do poço uma vez com 1 ml de QBSF-60 Medium Stem Cell para recolher as células aderentes. </li><li> Centrifugar as células a 300 xg durante 10 min. </li><li> Ressuspender as células em 1 ml de EM fresco contendo 5 ug / ml de polibreno e lentivírus STEMCCA (MOI = 1 a 10) e transferência para uma cavidade de uma placa de 12 poços. (O protocolo descreve a produção de partículas de lentivirais podem ser encontradas em <a href="http://www.bumc.bu.edu/stemcells/protocols/" target="_blank">http://www.bumc.bu.edu/stemcells/protocols/</a> ) </li><li> Girar a placa a 2250 rpm a 25 ° C durante 90 min. </li><li> Depois de girar, adicionar um adicional de 1 ml EM frescos contendo 5 ug / ml de polibreno durante um total de 2 ml de meio e incubar a placa a 37 ° C,5% de CO 2 incubadora. </li></ol> DIA 10 <ol start="16"><li> Transferir as células para um tubo estéril de 15 ml e lava-cónica do poço uma vez com 1 ml de QBSF-60 Medium Stem Cell para recolher as células aderentes. </li><li> Centrifugar as células a 300 xg durante 10 min. </li><li> Ressuspender as células em 2 ml de EM e transferir para um poço de uma placa de 12 poços. Incubar as células em uma de 37 ° C, 5% CO 2 incubadora. </li></ol> 3. Plating células transduzidas para MEFs DIA 11 <ol><li> Revestir os poços de uma placa de 6 poços com 0,1% de gelatina e de fibroblastos de ratinho inactivado placa embrionárias (MEFs) a 2x10 5 células / poço em meio de MEF (IMDM contendo 10% de FBS, 1% de não-aminoácidos essenciais, 100 uM β- -mercaptoetanol, 2 mM de L-glutamina, 100 ug / ml ou 1 primocin% Pen / Strep). Prepare três poços por infecção. </li></ol> DIA 12 <ol start="2"><li> Transferir as células para um tubo estéril de 15 mL cónico<html> e lavar o bem uma vez com 1 ml de QBSF-60 Medium Stem Cell para recolher as células aderentes. </li><li> Ressuspender as células em 3 ml de MEF meio contendo 10 ng / ml de bFGF, e Ácido Ascórbico e factores de crescimento, nas mesmas concentrações utilizadas como meio de EM (50 Ácido Ascórbico ug / ml, 50 ng / ml de SCF, 10 ng / ml IL -3, 2 U / mL de EPO, 40 ng / ml de IGF-1, 1 uM de dexametasona). </li><li> Placa 1 ml de células por cavidade de uma placa de 6 poços contendo MEFs. Adicionar 1,5 ml de meio MEF com bFGF, ácido ascórbico, e factores de crescimento para um total de 2,5 ml de meio / poço. </li><li> Girar a placa a 500 rpm a 25 ° C durante 30 min. Incubar a placa num 37 ° C, 5% CO 2 incubadora. </li></ol> DIA 14 <ol start="6"><li> Células de alimentação a cada dois dias com 2,5 ml de meio de MEF contendo 10 ng / ml de bFGF e 50 Ácido Ascórbico ug / ml (sem factores de crescimento). Aspirar e descartar células flutuantes com cada refeição. </li><li> Adicionar MEFs adicional conforme necessário (normalmente uma vez por semana). </li></ol>p &quot;&gt; DIA ~ 20 <ol start="8"><li> Uma vez que as colónias aparecem pequenas, as células de alimentação diária com 2 ml de células estaminais embrionárias humanas (CTEh) meio (DMEM/F12 substituição Knockout contendo 20% de soro, 1% de não-aminoácidos essenciais, 100 uM β-mercaptoetanol, 2 mM de L-Glutamina , 100 ug / ml ou 1 primocin% Pen / Strep e 10 ng / ml de bFGF). </li></ol> 4. Picking e Expansão da iPSC Clones ~ DIA 30-40 <ol><li> Escolha cada colónia em poços individuais de uma placa de 12 poços pré-semeadas com MEFs inactivada contendo 1 ml / poço de meio hESC mais 10 uM de Stemolecule Y27632 (ROCK inibidor). </li><li> Alimentar as células depois diariamente com 1 ml de meio hESC apenas (sem inibidor ROCK). </li></ol> 5. Imunofluorescência para Marcadores pluripotência <ol><li> A coloração foi realizada utilizando o kit &quot;ES celular Kit Amostra Marker&quot; da Millipore e seguindo o protocolo do fabricante. </li></ol> 6. Excisão de IntegPopulares STEMCCA Vector <ol><li> Excisão de reprogramação cassete é conseguido utilizando uma Cre-IRES-Puro transfecção vetor expressando seguindo e seleção Puromicina breve como descrito 6. </li></ol>

<ol>
	<li>Lowry, W. E., Richter, L., Yachechko, R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Generation+of+human+induced+pluripotent+stem+cells+from+dermal+fibroblasts.">Generation of human induced pluripotent stem cells from dermal fibroblasts.</a> Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105, 2883-2888 (2008).</li><li>Park, I. H., Zhao, R., West, J. A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Reprogramming+of+human+somatic+cells+to+pluripotency+with+defined+factors.">Reprogramming of human somatic cells to pluripotency with defined factors.</a> Nature. 451, 141-146 (2008).</li><li>Takahashi, K., Tanabe, K., Ohnuki, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Induction+of+pluripotent+stem+cells+from+adult+human+fibroblasts+by+defined+factors.">Induction of pluripotent stem cells from adult human fibroblasts by defined factors.</a> Cell. 131, 861-872 (2007).</li><li>Yu, J., Vodyanik, M. A., Smuga-Otto, K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Induced+pluripotent+stem+cell+lines+derived+from+human+somatic+cells.">Induced pluripotent stem cell lines derived from human somatic cells.</a> Science. 318, 1917-1920 (2007).</li><li>Stadtfeld, M., Hochedlinger, K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Induced+pluripotency:+history,+mechanisms,+and+applications.">Induced pluripotency: history, mechanisms, and applications.</a> Genes Dev. 24, 2239-2263 (2010).</li><li>Somers, A., Jean, J. C., Sommer, C. A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Generation+of+transgene-free+lung+disease-specific+human+induced+pluripotent+stem+cells+using+a+single+excisable+lentiviral+stem+cell+cassette.">Generation of transgene-free lung disease-specific human induced pluripotent stem cells using a single excisable lentiviral stem cell cassette.</a> Stem Cells. 28, 1728-1740 (2010).</li><li>Loh, Y. H., Hartung, O., Li, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Reprogramming+of+T+cells+from+human+peripheral+blood.">Reprogramming of T cells from human peripheral blood.</a> Cell Stem Cell. 7, 15-19 (2010).</li><li>Seki, T., Yuasa, S., Oda, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Generation+of+induced+pluripotent+stem+cells+from+human+terminally+differentiated+circulating+T+cells.">Generation of induced pluripotent stem cells from human terminally differentiated circulating T cells.</a> Cell Stem Cell. 7, 11-14 (2010).</li><li>Staerk, J., Dawlaty, M. M., Gao, Q., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Reprogramming+of+human+peripheral+blood+cells+to+induced+pluripotent+stem+cells.">Reprogramming of human peripheral blood cells to induced pluripotent stem cells.</a> Cell Stem Cell. 7, 20-24 (2010).</li><li>Chou, B. K., Mali, P., Huang, X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Efficient+human+iPS+cell+derivation+by+a+non-integrating+plasmid+from+blood+cells+with+unique+epigenetic+and+gene+expression+signatures.">Efficient human iPS cell derivation by a non-integrating plasmid from blood cells with unique epigenetic and gene expression signatures.</a> Cell Res. 21, 518-529 (2011).</li><li>vanden Akker, E., Satchwell, T. J., Pellegrin, S., Daniels, G., Toye, A. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+majority+of+the+in+vitro+erythroid+expansion+potential+resides+in+CD34(-)+cells,+outweighing+the+contribution+of+CD34(+)+cells+and+significantly+increasing+the+erythroblast+yield+from+peripheral+blood+samples.">The majority of the in vitro erythroid expansion potential resides in CD34(-) cells, outweighing the contribution of CD34(+) cells and significantly increasing the erythroblast yield from peripheral blood samples.</a> Haematologica. 95, 1594-1598 (2010).</li></ol>

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Descrevemos aqui a utilização do vector lentiviral STEMCCA para gerar iPSCs humanos a partir de células mononucleares isoladas de alguns mililitros de solução recentemente colhido sangue periférico. O protocolo pode também ser usado para reprogramar PBMCs congelados (obtido directamente a partir de buffy coat), um detalhe de implicações práticas quando se utilizam células de dador adquiridas a partir de um local distante. Antes da indução de reprogramação, PBMCs isoladas deve ser submetida a um passo de e...

<table border="1"><tbody><tr><td> Nome do reagente </td><td> Companhia </td><td> Número de catálogo </td><td> Comentários (opcional) </td></tr><tr><td> BD Vacutainer CPT Tubo preparação celular com citrato de sódio </td><td> BD Biosciences </td><td> 362760 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> QBSF-60 Médio Stem Cell </td><td> Qualidade Biológica </td><td> 160-204-101 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> IMDM </td><td> Invitrogen </td><td> 12440 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> DMEM/F12 </td><td> Invitrogen </td><td> 11330 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> FBS </td><td> Atlanta Biologicals </td><td> S10250 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Substituição Knockout Serum </td><td> Invitrogen </td><td> 10828 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Primocin </td><td> Invivogen </td><td> ant-pm-2 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Pen / Strep </td><td> Invitrogen </td><td> 15140 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> L-Glutamina </td><td> Invitrogen </td><td> 25030 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Não-essenciais Aminoácidos </td><td> Invitrogen </td><td> 11140 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> β-mercaptoetanol </td><td> Biomedicals MP </td><td> 190242 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Ácido ascórbico </td><td> Sigma </td><td> A4544 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> IGF-1 </td><td> R &amp; D Systems </td><td> 291-G1 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> IL-3 </td><td> R &amp; D Systems </td><td> 203-IL </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> SCF </td><td> R &amp; D Systems </td><td> 255-SC </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> EPO </td><td> R &amp; D Systems </td><td> 286-PE </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Dexametasona </td><td> Sigma </td><td> D4902 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Polybrene </td><td> Sigma </td><td> H-9268 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> bFGF </td><td> R &amp; D Systems </td><td> 233-FB </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Stemolecule Y27632 </td><td> Stemgent </td><td> 04-0012 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> ES celular Kit Amostra Marcador </td><td> Millipore </td><td> SCR002 </td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

generation of human induced pluripotent stem cells from peripheral blood using the stemcca lentiviral vector

Através da expressão ectópica de quatro factores de transcrição, Oct4, Klf4, Sox2 e cMyc, as células somáticas humanas pode ser convertido para um estado pluripotente, gerando assim chamadas células-tronco pluripotentes induzidas (iPSCs) 1-4. Específicas do paciente iPSCs faltam as preocupações éticas que envolvem as células-tronco embrionárias (CTEs) e seria ignorar rejeição imunológica possível. Assim, iPSCs têm atraído considerável atenção para estudos de doenças de modelagem, a triagem de compostos farmacológicos e terapias regenerativas 5. Nós mostramos a geração de transgene livres iPSCs humanos a partir de pacientes com doenças pulmonares diferentes, utilizando um único coletável policistrónica lentiviral Cassete Stem Cell (STEMCCA) codificando os factores Yamanaka 6. Estas linhas iPSC foram gerados a partir de fibroblastos da pele, o tipo celular mais comum utilizado para a reprogramação. Normalmente, a obtenção de fibroblastos requer uma biópsia por punção da pele seguido de expansão das célulass na cultura de algumas passagens. É importante notar que um certo número de grupos têm relatado a reprogramação de células humanas de sangue periférico em iPSCs 7-9. Num estudo, uma versão induzível Tet do vector STEMCCA foi empregue 9, o que exigia que as células do sangue a ser simultaneamente infectadas com um lentivírus constitutivamente activo que codifica a tetraciclina reversa transactivador. Em contraste com os fibroblastos, células do sangue periférico podem ser recolhidas através de procedimentos minimamente invasivos, reduzindo o desconforto e sofrimento do paciente. Um protocolo simples e eficaz para a reprogramação de células de sangue utilizando um único vetor constitutivo coletável pode acelerar a aplicação da tecnologia iPSC tornando-o acessível a uma comunidade mais ampla de pesquisa. Além disso, a reprogramação de células de sangue periférico permite a geração de iPSCs de indivíduos em que as biópsias da pele devem ser evitados (ie. Aberrante cicatriz) ou devido a condições de doença pré-existente prevenng acesso a punch. Aqui demonstramos um protocolo para a geração de iPSCs humanos a partir de células mononucleares de sangue periférico (PBMC), utilizando um vector floxed-coletável único lentiviral que expressam constitutivamente as quatro factores. PBMCs recolhidos de fresco ou descongelado são expandidos durante 9 dias, tal como descrito em 10,11 de ácido ascórbico, meio contendo SCF, IGF-1, IL-3 e EPO antes de serem transduzidas com o lentivirus STEMCCA. As células são então plaqueadas em MEFs e ESC-como colónias podem ser visualizadas de duas semanas após a infecção. Finalmente, os clones seleccionados são expandidos e testados quanto a expressão dos marcadores de pluripotência SSEA-4, Tra-1-60 e Tra-1-81. Este protocolo é simples, robusto e altamente consistente, fornecendo uma metodologia fiável para a geração de iPSCs humanos prontamente acessível a partir de 4 ml de sangue.

Nós demonstramos um protocolo simples e eficaz para a geração de iPSCs humanos a partir de PBMCs, utilizando um vector lentiviral única. Figura 1A mostra uma representação esquemática do protocolo. O sangue é recolhido para um tubo CPT Vacutainer BD Preparação celular com citrato de sódio, e após a centrifugação, as células mononucleares pode ser recolhida a partir da interface entre o gel de poliéster e o plasma (buffy coat) (Figura 1B). As PBMCs isoladas são então ex...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Generation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Peripheral Blood Using the STEMCCA Lentiviral Vector at JoVE.com

Generation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Peripheral Blood Using the STEMCCA Lentiviral Vector

Aqui, mostramos um protocolo simples e eficaz para a geração de iPSCs humanos a partir de 3-4 ml de sangue periférico utilizando um vector lentiviral única reprogramação. Reprogramação de células do sangue prontamente disponíveis promete acelerar a utilização da tecnologia iPSC tornando-o acessível a uma comunidade mais ampla de pesquisa.

Geração de Células-tronco pluripotentes induzidas a partir de sangue periférico usando o STEMCCA Lentivirus Vector

Through the ectopic expression of four transcription factors, Oct4, Klf4, Sox2 and cMyc, human somatic cells can be converted to a pluripotent state, ...

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26.4K visualizações.  Boston University School of Medicine. Aqui, mostramos um protocolo simples e eficaz para a geração de iPSCs humanos a partir de 3-4 ml de sangue periférico utilizando um vector lentiviral única reprogramação. Reprogramação de células do sangue prontamente disponíveis promete acelerar a utilização da tecnologia iPSC tornando-o acessível a uma comunidade mais ampla de pesquisa.

Vídeo: Generation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Peripheral Blood Using the STEMCCA Lentiviral Vector

Generation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells by Reprogramming Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts with a Four Transcription Factor, Doxycycline Inducible Lentiviral Transduction System

Using a defined set of transcription factors and cell culture conditions, Yamanaka and colleagues demonstrated that retrovirus-mediated delivery and expression of Oct4, Sox2, c-Myc, and Klf4 is capable of inducing pluripotency in mouse fibroblasts.1 Subsequent reports have demonstrated the utility of the doxycycline (DOX) inducible lentiviral delivery system for the generation of both primary and secondary iPS cells from a variety of other adult mouse somatic cell types.2,3
Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells are similar to embryonic stem (ES) cells in morphology, proliferation and ability to induce teratoma formation. Both types of cell can be used as the pluripotent starting material for the generation of differentiated cells or tissues in regenerative medicine.4-6 iPS cells also have a distinct advantage over ES cells as they exhibit key properties of ES cells without the ethical dilemma of embryo destruction.
Here we demonstrate the protocol for reprogramming mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells with the Stemgent DOX Inducible Mouse TF Lentivirus Set. We also demonstrate that the Stemgent DOX Inducible Mouse TF Lentivirus Set is capable of expressing each of the four transcription factors upon transduction into MEFs thereby inducing a pluripotent stem cell state that displays the pluripotency markers characteristic of ES cells.

The Stemgent Dox Inducible Mouse TF Lentivirus Set can reprogram mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) to induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. Here we demonstrate the protocol for DOX-inducible expression of mouse reprogramming transcription factors Oct4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc to generate iPS colonies that express common mES pluripotency markers.

Geração de células-tronco pluripotentes induzidas pela reprogramação fibroblastos de rato embrionárias com um fator de transcrição Quatro, Doxiciclina induzível Sistema de Transdução Lentivirus

Using a defined set of transcription factors and cell culture conditions, Yamanaka and colleagues demonstrated that retrovirus-mediated delivery and ...

Biologia

Generation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells by Reprogramming Human Fibroblasts with the Stemgent Human TF Lentivirus Set

In 2006, Yamanaka and colleagues first demonstrated that retrovirus-mediated delivery and expression of Oct4, Sox2, c-Myc and Klf4 is capable of inducing the pluripotent state in mouse fibroblasts.1 The same group also reported the successful reprogramming of human somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells using human versions of the same transcription factors delivered by retroviral vectors.2 Additionally, James Thomson et al. reported that the lentivirus-mediated co-expression of another set of factors (Oct4, Sox2, Nanog and Lin28) was capable of reprogramming human somatic cells into iPS cells.3
iPS cells are similar to ES cells in morphology, proliferation and the ability to differentiate into all tissue types of the body. Human iPS cells have a distinct advantage over ES cells as they exhibit key properties of ES cells without the ethical dilemma of embryo destruction. The generation of patient-specific iPS cells circumvents an important roadblock to personalized regenerative medicine therapies by eliminating the potential for immune rejection of non-autologous transplanted cells.
Here we demonstrate the protocol for reprogramming human fibroblast cells using the Stemgent Human TF Lentivirus Set. We also show that cells reprogrammed with this set begin to show iPS morphology four days post-transduction. Using the Stemolecule Y27632, we selected for iPS cells and observed correct morphology after three sequential rounds of colony picking and passaging. We also demonstrate that after reprogramming cells displayed the pluripotency marker AP, surface markers TRA-1-81, TRA-1-60, SSEA-4, and SSEA-3, and nuclear markers Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog.

We demonstrate the protocol for the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells from human somatic cells using lentivirus-mediated delivery of the human factors Oct4, Sox2, Nanog, and Lin28. Pluripotency was confirmed by morphology and the presence of embryonic stem (ES) cell-specific markers.

Geração de células-tronco pluripotentes induzidas pela reprogramação fibroblastos humanos com o Lentivirus TF Stemgent Humanos Set

In 2006, Yamanaka and colleagues first demonstrated that retrovirus-mediated delivery and expression of Oct4, Sox2, c-Myc and Klf4 is capable of inducing ...

Transfecting and Nucleofecting Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Genetic modification is continuing to be an essential tool in studying stem cell biology and in setting forth potential clinical applications of human embryonic stem cells (HESCs)1. While improvements in several gene delivery methods have been described2-9, transfection remains a capricious process for HESCs, and has not yet been reported in human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). In this video, we demonstrate how our lab routinely transfects and nucleofects human iPSCs using plasmid with an enhanced green fluorescence protein (eGFP) reporter. Human iPSCs are adapted and maintained as feeder-free cultures to eliminate the possibility of feeder cell transfection and to allow efficient selection of stable transgenic iPSC clones following transfection. For nucleofection, human iPSCs are pre-treated with ROCK inhibitor11, trypsinized into small clumps of cells, nucleofected and replated on feeders in feeder cell-conditioned medium to enhance cell recovery. Transgene-expressing human iPSCs can be obtained after 6 hours. Antibiotic selection is applied after 24 hours and stable transgenic lines appear within 1 week. Our protocol is robust and reproducible for human iPSC lines without altering pluripotency of these cells.

Despite recent advancements in genetic modification, transfection of human embryonic stem cells (HESCs) remains a capricious process. To our knowledge, systematic and efficient methods to transfect human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have not been reported. Here, we describe robust protocols to efficiently transfect and nucleofect human iPSCs.

Transfectando e Nucleofecting células-tronco pluripotentes induzidas

Genetic modification is continuing to be an essential tool in studying stem cell biology and in setting forth potential clinical applications of human ...

Selecting and Isolating Colonies of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Reprogrammed from Adult Fibroblasts

Herein we present a protocol of reprogramming human adult fibroblasts into human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) using retroviral vectors encoding Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-myc (OSKM) in the presence of sodium butyrate 1-3. We used this method to reprogram late passage (&gt;p10) human adult fibroblasts derived from Friedreich's ataxia patient (GM03665, Coriell Repository). The reprogramming approach includes highly efficient transduction protocol using repetitive centrifugation of fibroblasts in the presence of virus-containing media. The reprogrammed hiPSC colonies were identified using live immunostaining for Tra-1-81, a surface marker of pluripotent cells, separated from non-reprogrammed fibroblasts and manually passaged 4,5. These hiPSC were then transferred to Matrigel plates and grown in feeder-free conditions, directly from the reprogramming plate. Starting from the first passage, hiPSC colonies demonstrate characteristic hES-like morphology. Using this protocol more than 70% of selected colonies can be successfully expanded and established into cell lines. The established hiPSC lines displayed characteristic pluripotency markers including surface markers TRA-1-60 and SSEA-4, as well as nuclear markers Oct3/4, Sox2 and Nanog. 
The protocol presented here has been established and tested using adult fibroblasts obtained from Friedreich's ataxia patients and control individuals 6, human newborn fibroblasts, as well as human keratinocytes.

We present a protocol for efficient reprogramming of human somatic cells into human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) using retroviral vectors encoding Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-myc (OSKM) and identification of correctly reprogrammed hiPSC by live staining with Tra-1-81 antibody.

Seleção e isolamento de colônias de células-tronco pluripotentes induzidas a partir de fibroblastos adultos reprogramado

Herein we present a protocol of reprogramming human adult fibroblasts into human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) using retroviral vectors encoding ...

Reprogramming Human Somatic Cells into Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) Using Retroviral Vector with GFP

Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are pluripotent and an invaluable cellular sources for in vitro disease modeling and regenerative medicine1. It has been previously shown that human somatic cells can be reprogrammed to pluripotency by ectopic expression of four transcription factors (Oct4, Sox2, Klf4 and Myc) and become induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)2-4 . Like hESCs, human iPSCs are pluripotent and a potential source for autologous cells. Here we describe the protocol to reprogram human fibroblast cells with the four reprogramming factors cloned into GFP-containing retroviral backbone4. Using the following protocol, we generate human iPSCs in 3-4 weeks under human ESC culture condition. Human iPSC colonies closely resemble hESCs in morphology and display the loss of GFP fluorescence as a result of retroviral transgene silencing. iPSC colonies isolated mechanically under a fluorescence microscope behave in a similar fashion as hESCs. In these cells, we detect the expression of multiple pluripotency genes and surface markers.

Reprogramming Human Somatic Cells into Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells iPSCs Using Retroviral Vector with GFP

A method to generate human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) via retrovirus-mediated ectopic expression of OCT4, SOX2, KLF4 and MYC is described. A practical way to identify human iPSC colonies based on GFP expression is also discussed.

Reprogramação de células somáticas humanas em células tronco pluripotentes induzidas (iPSCs) usando vetor retroviral com GFP

Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are pluripotent and an invaluable cellular sources for in vitro disease modeling and regenerative medicine1. It has ...

Generation of Mice Derived from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

The production of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from somatic cells provides a means to create valuable tools for basic research and may also produce a source of patient-matched cells for regenerative therapies. iPSCs may be generated using multiple protocols and derived from multiple cell sources. Once generated, iPSCs are tested using a variety of assays including immunostaining for pluripotency markers, generation of three germ layers in embryoid bodies and teratomas, comparisons of gene expression with embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and production of chimeric mice with or without germline contribution2. Importantly, iPSC lines that pass these tests still vary in their capacity to produce different differentiated cell types2. This has made it difficult to establish which iPSC derivation protocols, donor cell sources or selection methods are most useful for different applications.
The most stringent test of whether a stem cell line has sufficient developmental potential to generate all tissues required for survival of an organism (termed full pluripotency) is tetraploid embryo complementation (TEC)3-5. Technically, TEC involves electrofusion of two-cell embryos to generate tetraploid (4n) one-cell embryos that can be cultured in vitro to the blastocyst stage6. Diploid (2n) pluripotent stem cells (e.g. ESCs or iPSCs) are then injected into the blastocoel cavity of the tetraploid blastocyst and transferred to a recipient female for gestation (see Figure 1). The tetraploid component of the complemented embryo contributes almost exclusively to the extraembryonic tissues (placenta, yolk sac), whereas the diploid cells constitute the embryo proper, resulting in a fetus derived entirely from the injected stem cell line.
Recently, we reported the derivation of iPSC lines that reproducibly generate adult mice via TEC1. These iPSC lines give rise to viable pups with efficiencies of 5-13%, which is comparable to ESCs3,4,7 and higher than that reported for most other iPSC lines8-12. These reports show that direct reprogramming can produce fully pluripotent iPSCs that match ESCs in their developmental potential and efficiency of generating pups in TEC tests. At present, it is not clear what distinguishes between fully pluripotent iPSCs and less potent lines13-15. Nor is it clear which reprogramming methods will produce these lines with the highest efficiency. Here we describe one method that produces fully pluripotent iPSCs and "all- iPSC" mice, which may be helpful for investigators wishing to compare the pluripotency of iPSC lines or establish the equivalence of different reprogramming methods.

Generating induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines produces lines of differing developmental potential even when they pass standard tests for pluripotency. Here we describe a protocol to produce mice derived entirely from iPSCs, which defines the iPSC lines as possessing full pluripotency1.

Geração de camundongos derivadas de células-tronco pluripotentes induzidas

The production of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from somatic cells provides a means to create valuable tools for basic research and may also ...

Rapid and Efficient Generation of Neurons from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells in a Multititre Plate Format

Existing protocols for the generation of neurons from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are often tedious in that they are multistep procedures involving the isolation and expansion of neural precursor cells, prior to terminal differentiation. In comparison to these time-consuming approaches, we have recently found that combined inhibition of three signaling pathways, TGF&beta;/SMAD2, BMP/SMAD1, and FGF/ERK, promotes rapid induction of neuroectoderm from hPSCs, followed by immediate differentiation into functional neurons. Here, we have adapted our procedure to a novel multititre plate format, to further enhance its reproducibility and to make it compatible with mid-throughput applications. It comprises four days of neuroectoderm formation in floating spheres (embryoid bodies), followed by a further four days of differentiation into neurons under adherent conditions. Most cells obtained with this protocol appear to be bipolar sensory neurons. Moreover, the procedure is highly efficient, does not require particular expert skills, and is based on a simple chemically defined medium with cost-efficient small molecules. Due to these features, the procedure may serve as a useful platform for further functional investigation as well as for cell-based screening approaches requiring human sensory neurons or neurons of any type.

Protocols for neuronal differentiation of pluripotent human stem cells (hPSCs) are often time-consuming and require substantial cell culture skills. Here, we have adapted a small molecule-based differentiation procedure to a multititre plate format, allowing simple, rapid, and efficient generation of human neurons in a controlled manner.

Geração rápida e eficiente de neurônios a partir de células-tronco pluripotentes humanas, em um formato de placa Multititre

Existing protocols for the generation of neurons from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are often tedious in that they are  multistep procedures ...

Generation of Human Cardiomyocytes: A Differentiation Protocol from Feeder-free Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

In order to investigate the events driving heart development and to determine the molecular mechanisms leading to myocardial diseases in humans, it is essential first to generate functional human cardiomyocytes (CMs). The use of these cells in drug discovery and toxicology studies would also be highly beneficial, allowing new pharmacological molecules for the treatment of cardiac disorders to be validated pre-clinically on cells of human origin. Of the possible sources of CMs, induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells are among the most promising, as they can be derived directly from readily accessible patient tissue and possess an intrinsic capacity to give rise to all cell types of the body 1. Several methods have been proposed for differentiating iPS cells into CMs, ranging from the classical embryoid bodies (EBs) aggregation approach to chemically defined protocols 2,3. In this article we propose an EBs-based protocol and show how this method can be employed to efficiently generate functional CM-like cells from feeder-free iPS cells.

Pluripotent stem cells, either embryonic or induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, constitute a valuable source of human differentiated cells, including cardiomyocytes. Here, we will focus on cardiac induction of iPS cells, showing how to use them to obtain functional human cardiomyocytes through an embryoid bodies-based protocol.

Geração de cardiomiócitos Humanos: Um Protocolo de Diferenciação de Feeder livres Humanos células-tronco pluripotentes induzidas

In order to investigate the events driving heart development and to determine the molecular mechanisms leading to myocardial diseases in humans, it is ...

Efficient Generation Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Human Somatic Cells with Sendai-virus

A few years ago, the establishment of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) ushered in a new era in biomedicine. Potential uses of human iPSCs include modeling pathogenesis of human genetic diseases, autologous cell therapy after gene correction, and personalized drug screening by providing a source of patient-specific and symptom relevant cells. However, there are several hurdles to overcome, such as eliminating the remaining reprogramming factor transgene expression after human iPSCs production. More importantly, residual transgene expression in undifferentiated human iPSCs could hamper proper differentiations and misguide the interpretation of disease-relevant in vitro phenotypes. With this reason, integration-free and/or transgene-free human iPSCs have been developed using several methods, such as adenovirus, the piggyBac system, minicircle vector, episomal vectors, direct protein delivery and synthesized mRNA. However, efficiency of reprogramming using integration-free methods is quite low in most cases.
Here, we present a method to isolate human iPSCs by using Sendai-virus (RNA virus) based reprogramming system. This reprogramming method shows consistent results and high efficiency in cost-effective manner.

Here, we present our established method to reprogram human somatic cells into transgene-free human iPSCs with Sendai virus, which shows consistent outcome and enhanced efficiency.

Eficiente Geração induzida pelo homem células-tronco pluripotentes a partir de células somáticas humanas com Sendai-vírus

A few years ago, the establishment of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) ushered in a new era in biomedicine. Potential uses of human iPSCs ...

Generation and Culture of Blood Outgrowth Endothelial Cells from Human Peripheral Blood

Historically, the limited availability of primary endothelial cells from patients with vascular disorders has hindered the study of the molecular mechanisms underlying endothelial dysfunction in these individuals. However, the recent identification of blood outgrowth endothelial cells (BOECs), generated from circulating endothelial progenitors in adult peripheral blood, may circumvent this limitation by offering an endothelial-like, primary cell surrogate for patient-derived endothelial cells. Beyond their value to understanding endothelial biology and disease modeling, BOECs have potential uses in endothelial cell transplantation therapies. They are also a suitable cellular substrate for the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) via nuclear reprogramming, offering a number of advantages over other cell types. We describe a method for the reliable generation, culture and characterization of BOECs from adult peripheral blood for use in these and other applications. This approach (i) allows for the generation of patient-specific endothelial cells from a relatively small volume of adult peripheral blood and (ii) produces cells that are highly similar to primary endothelial cells in morphology, cell signaling and gene expression.

This protocol allows for the reliable generation and characterization of blood outgrowth endothelial cells (BOECs) from a small volume of adult peripheral blood. BOECs can be used as a surrogate for endothelial cells from patients with vascular disorders and as a substrate for the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells.