Chapter 4
Pharmacokinetics: Drug Distribution and Protein Binding
Drug Distribution: Overview
Distribution refers to the two-way movement of a drug between different compartments within the body.
It is a passive process driven by the concentration ...
Factors Affecting Drug Distribution: Tissue Permeability
Drug distribution across biological membranes to target tissues relies on the drug's physicochemical properties, such as molecular size, ionization ...
Factors Affecting Drug Distribution: Physiological Barriers
Drug distribution is governed by several physiological barriers.
The simple capillary endothelial barrier limits the passage of drugs larger than 600 ...
Factors Affecting Drug Distribution: Organ Perfusion Rate
Drug distribution can be perfusion rate-limited, particularly when the drug is highly lipophilic, and the membrane to cross is highly permeable.
The ...
Factors Affecting Drug Distribution: Miscellaneous Factors
Drug distribution can be affected by various factors.
It can vary with age due to differences in body composition. For instance, older adults have less ...
Volume of Distribution
The apparent volume of distribution or Vd is a key pharmacokinetic parameter signifying the hypothetical body fluid volume into which a drug disperses.
It ...
Protein-Drug Binding: Mechanism and Kinetics
Protein-drug binding is the interaction between drugs and proteins in the body.
It can be either intracellular binding, which involves drug interactions ...
Drug Binding to Blood Components
When drugs enter the systemic circulation, they interact with blood components like human serum albumin or HSA, α1-acid glycoprotein or AAG, ...
Tissue-Drug Binding: Localization of Drugs and its Significance
Body tissues comprise 40-90% of body weight depending on body composition. They can serve as drug storage sites, competing with plasma binding sites.
...
Protein-Drug Binding: Determination Methods
Protein-drug binding is determined through indirect and direct methods.
Indirect methods involve isolating the bound drug from its free form in biological ...
Factors Affecting Protein-Drug Binding: Drug-Related Factors
Protein-drug binding can be affected by various drug-related factors.
The degree of protein binding is closely related to a drug's lipophilicity, with ...
Factors Affecting Protein-Drug Binding: Protein-Related Factors
Drug binding to proteins depends on various factors, including physicochemical properties, protein concentration, disease states, and the number of ...
Factors Affecting Protein-Drug Binding: Drug Interactions
Drug displacement interactions arise when drugs compete for the same binding site, leading to displacement.
The extent of displacement depends on the ...
Factors Affecting Protein-Drug Binding: Patient-Related Factors
Protein-drug binding varies with many patient-related factors.
Age impacts binding due to varying protein content in different age groups. Neonates ...
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