Name: a fabrication and measurement method for a flexible ferroelectric element based on van der waals heteroepitaxy
Uploaded: 2018-04-08T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Fabrication and Measurement Method for a Flexible Ferroelectric Element Based on Van Der Waals Heteroepitaxy at JoVE.com

This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11402221 and 11502224), the State Key Laboratory of Intense Pulsed Radiation simulation and effect (SKLIPR1513) and the Hunan Provincial Key Research and Development Plan (No. 2016WK2014).

1. Fabricating Flexible PZT Thin Films
<ol>
	<li>Cut a 1 cm x 1 cm mica substrate from a mica sheet with scissors.</li>
	<li>Fix this 1 cm x 1 cm mica substrate on a desk using double-sided tape.</li>
	<li>Use tweezers to peel-off the mica layer-by-layer until the desired thickness (50 &#181;m), measured with a micrometer.</li>
	<li>Paste this freshly cleaved mica substrate on a 5&#39;&#39; substrate holder using a thin layer of silver paint and cure it at 120 &#176;C on a hot plate for 10 minutes to affix mica on subs...

<ol>
	<li>Kim, W. Y., Lee, H. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Stable+ferroelectric+poly+(vinylidene+fluoride-trifluoroethylene)+film+for+flexible+nonvolatile+memory+application.">Stable ferroelectric poly (vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) film for flexible nonvolatile memory application.</a> IEEE Electron Device Letters. 33 (2), 260-262 (2012).</li><li>Mao, D., Quevedo-Lopez, M. A., Stiegler, H., Gnade, B. E., Alshareef, H. N. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Optimization+of+poly(vinylidene+fluoride-trifluoroethylene)+films+as+non-volatile+memory+for+flexible+electronics.">Optimization of poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) films as non-volatile memory for flexible electronics.</a> Organic Electronics. 11 (5), 925-932 (2010).</li><li>Lee, G. 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H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Van+der+Waals+epitaxy+of+functional+MoO2+film+on+mica+for+flexible+electronics.">Van der Waals epitaxy of functional MoO2 film on mica for flexible electronics.</a> Applied Physics Letters. 108 (25), 253104-253108 (2016).</li><li>Bitla, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Oxide+heteroepitaxy+for+flexible+optoelectronics.">Oxide heteroepitaxy for flexible optoelectronics.</a> ACS Applied Materials &amp; Interfaces. 8 (47), 32401-32407 (2016).</li><li>Wu, P. C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Heteroepitaxy+of+Fe3O4/muscovite:+A+new+perspective+for+flexible+spintronics.">Heteroepitaxy of Fe3O4/muscovite: A new perspective for flexible spintronics.</a> ACS Applied Materials &amp; Interfaces. 8 (49), 33794-33801 (2016).</li><li>Jiang, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Flexible+ferroelectric+element+based+on+van+der+Waals+heteroepitaxy.">Flexible ferroelectric element based on van der Waals heteroepitaxy.</a> Science Advances. 3 (6), e1700121-e1700128 (2017).</li><li>Amrillah, T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Flexible+multiferroic+bulk+heterojunction+with+giant+magnetoelectric+coupling+via+van+der+waals+epitaxy.">Flexible multiferroic bulk heterojunction with giant magnetoelectric coupling via van der waals epitaxy.</a> ACS Nano. 11 (6), 6122-6130 (2017).</li><li>Bitla, Y., Chu, Y. 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The key step in the fabrication of ferroelectric elements lies in the use of a clean and even/flat substrate surface. Though freshly cleaved mica surface is atomically smooth, it is necessary to pay attention to preventing surfaces from suffering visible splintering, split layers, cracks, inclusions, etc. After deposition of the PZT layer, the sample was cooled under a high oxygen pressure (200-500 Torr) to reduce the oxygen vacancies. Ex situ top platinum electrodes were deposited via a predefined mesh...

The successful fabrication of flexible nonvolatile memory elements (NVME) plays a key role in exploiting the full potential of flexible electronics. NVME shall feature light weight, low cost, low-power consumption, fast speed and high storage density capabilities besides data storage, information processing and communication. Perovskite Pb (Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT) acts as a popular system for such applications considering its large polarization, fast polarization switching, high Curie temperature, low coercive field and high piezoelectric coefficient. In ferroelectric nonvolatile memories, an external voltage pulse can switch the two remnant polarizations between two stable directions, represented by &#39;0&#39; and &#39;1&#39;. It is non-volatile, and the write/read process can be completed within nanoseconds. NVME based on organic1,2,3,4,5,6 and inorganic7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15 ferroelectric materials have been attempted on flexible substrates. However, such integration is limited by not only the substrates&#39; inability of high-temperature growth but also the degraded device performance, current leakage and electrical shorting due to their rougher surfaces. Despite promising results, alternate strategies like the thinning of substrate8 and the epitaxial layer transfer on a flexible substrate15 suffer restricted viability in view of the sophisticated multistep process, the unpredictability of transfer, and the limited applicability.
For the aforementioned reasons, it is critical to explore an appropriate substrate that is able to overcome limited thermal and operational stabilities of soft substrates to further advance flexible electronics. A natural muscovite mica (KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2) substrate with unique features like atomically smooth surfaces, high thermal stability, chemical inertness, high transparency, mechanical flexibility, and compatibility with current fabrication methods can be used to effectively deal with these issues. More so, the two-dimensional layered structure of monoclinic mica supports van der Waals epitaxy, which mitigates lattice and thermal matching conditions, thereby significantly suppressing the substrate clamping effect. These advantages have been exploited in the direct growth of functional oxides16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23 on muscovite recently, in view of flexible device applications.
Herein, we describe a protocol to directly grow epitaxial yet flexible lead zirconium titanate (PZT) thin films on muscovite mica. This is achieved through a pulsed laser deposition process relying on the versatile properties of mica, resulting in van der Waals heteroepitaxy. Such fabricated structures retain all the superior properties of epitaxial PZT on rigid single crystalline substrates and exhibits excellent thermal and mechanical stabilities. This simple and reliable approach provides a technological advantage over multistep-transfer and substrate thinning strategies and facilitates the development of much-awaited flexible yet single-crystalline non-volatile memory elements prerequisite for next-generation smart devices with high performance.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="1114">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:216px;">Equipment</td>
			<td style="width:387px;"></td>
			<td style="width:344px;"></td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:216px;">hot plate</td>
			<td style="width:387px;">Polish</td>
			<td style="width:344px;">P-20</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;">PLD system</td>
			<td>PVD products</td>
			<td>PLD 5000</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Ferroelectric test system&#160;</td>
			<td>Radiant Technologies Precisions workstations&#160;</td>
			<td>RT66A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Semiconductor device analyzer&#160;</td>
			<td>Agilent&#160;</td>
			<td>B1500A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Bending molds</td>
			<td>home-made</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Machined teflon material</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Bending stage</td>
			<td>home-built</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Labview interfaced setup which provides a prescise displacemnt as small as 1 micrometer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Sputtering system</td>
			<td>Beijing&#160;Elaborate</td>
			<td>ETD-3000</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">Materials</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">mica(001) sheets</td>
			<td>Nilaco corporation&#160;</td>
			<td>990066</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">conductive silver paint</td>
			<td>Ted Pella, INC</td>
			<td>No.16033</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">CoFe2O4 target</td>
			<td>Kurt J.Lesker</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">SrRuO3 target</td>
			<td>Kurt J.Lesker</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;">PbZr0.2Ti0.8O3 target</td>
			<td>Kurt J.Lesker</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="40">
			<td height="40" style="height:40px;width:216px;">Pt target</td>
			<td>Hefei Ke jing</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

a fabrication and measurement method for a flexible ferroelectric element based on van der waals heteroepitaxy

Flexible non-volatile memories have received much attention as they are applicable for portable smart electronic device in the future, relying on high-density data storage and low-power consumption capabilities. However, the high-quality oxide based nonvolatile memory on flexible substrates is often constrained by the material characteristics and the inevitable high-temperature fabrication process. In this paper, a protocol is proposed to directly grow an epitaxial yet flexible lead zirconium titanate memory element on muscovite mica. The versatile deposition technique and measurement method enable the fabrication of flexible yet single-crystalline non-volatile memory elements necessary for the next generation of smart devices.

The epitaxial PZT/SRO/CFO/mica thin films were deposited with the pulsed laser deposition technique as outlined in Step 1. Figure 1 shows the growth scheme and Figure 2 shows an actual flexible NVM element based on the PZT.

Mechanical stability is a crucial aspect of flexible device application. The macroscopic ferroelectric performance of the heterostructure ag...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Fabrication and Measurement Method for a Flexible Ferroelectric Element Based on Van Der Waals Heteroepitaxy at JoVE.com

A Fabrication and Measurement Method for a Flexible Ferroelectric Element Based on Van Der Waals Heteroepitaxy

In this paper, we present a protocol to directly grow an epitaxial yet flexible lead zirconium titanate memory element on muscovite mica.

Flexible non-volatile memories have received much attention as they are applicable for portable smart electronic device in the future, relying on ...

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