Name: osmotic pump-based drug-delivery for in vivo remyelination research on the central nervous system
Uploaded: 2021-12-17T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Osmotic Pump-based Drug-delivery for In Vivo Remyelination Research on the Central Nervous System at JoVE.com

This work was supported by grants from the National Nature Science Foundation of China (NSFC 32070964, 31871045) to J.N. and the Shenzhen Basic Research Foundation (JCYJ20210324121214039) to Y.S.

All animal procedures were conducted under institutional guidelines and protocols approved by the animal welfare and ethics committee of the Third Military Medical University.
1. Establishment of the lysolecithin-induced demyelination mouse model
<ol>
	<li>Prepare 1% lysolecithin (also called L-&#945;-Lysophosphatidylcholine) solution with sterile PBS.</li>
	<li>Sterilize scissors, forceps, curved hemostat, and other surgical instruments by autoclave sterilization. Sterilize...

<ol>
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This protocol describes the osmotic pump as a novel drug delivery technique for myelin regeneration research, which can deliver drugs directly to the treatment site and allow consistent drug delivery for a prolonged period, creating a stable drug concentration in the micro-environment of the central nervous system in the whole experimental duration. Compared with other drug delivery methods, the osmotic pump is more conducive to maintaining drug concentration in the demyelination lesion13. For exa...

The osmotic pump is a small implantable solution-releasing device. It can be used for systemic delivery when implanted subcutaneously or in the abdominal cavity. The surface of the osmotic pump is a semi-permeable membrane, and its inner side is a permeable layer. The osmotic pump operates by using the osmotic pressure difference between the osmotic layer and the tissue environment where the pump is implanted. The high osmolality of the osmotic layer makes the water in the tissue flow into the osmotic layer through the semi-permeable membrane on the pump surface. The osmotic layer expands and compresses the flexible reservoir inside the pump, thereby displacing the solution from the flexible reservoir at a certain rate for a long duration1. The pump has three different reservoir volumes, 100 &#181;L, 200 &#181;L, and 2 mL, with their delivery rates varying from 0.11 &#181;L/h to 10 &#181;L/h. Depending on the selected pump type, the device can operate from 1 day to 6 weeks2. In this protocol, a 100 &#181;L osmotic pump with a transfer rate of 0.25 &#181;L/h that can operate for 14 days is used.
Back in the 1970s, the osmotic pump had been used in neuroscience research3,4. For instance, Wei et al. adopted the osmotic pump approach to inject opioid peptides into the ventricle in a study of drug addiction3. After continuous improvement, the osmotic pump has now been used in the study of the controlled delivery of thousands of drugs, including peptides, growth factors, addictive drugs, hormones, steroids, antibodies, and so on. In addition, with special catheters (Brain Infusion Kits) attached, it can be used for targeted infusion to specific tissues or organs, including the spinal cord, brain, spleen, and liver5,6,7.
In the study of remyelination, many drugs have been shown to promote myelin regeneration in vitro, but most of them have not achieved significant effects in vivo, possibly due to the lack of an appropriate administration method. Traditional administration methods such as intraperitoneal injection, subcutaneous injection, and intragastric administration have limitations in the bioavailability of the drugs. In addition, some drugs have poor blood-brain barrier permeability, which undermines their access to the brain parenchyma. Together, these limitations call for a novel efficient delivery method. In combination with the brain infusion kits, osmotic pumps can bypass the blood-brain barrier and deliver drugs directly to the corpus callosum, which effectively improves the bioavailability of drugs, especially for some polypeptide and protein drugs with a short half-life. Therefore, the osmotic pump as a new drug delivery technique is of great value to the field of central nervous system myelin regeneration research. The application of this technique will be introduced in detail below.

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Anesthesia Air Pump</td>
			<td>RWD</td>
			<td>R510-29</td>
			<td>E05818-006</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Brain Infusion kit 3</td>
			<td>ALZET</td>
			<td>0008851</td>
			<td>1-3 mm</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Carprofen</td>
			<td>Macklin</td>
			<td>C830557-1g</td>
			<td>5 mg/kg every 24 h</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Erythromycin eye ointment</td>
			<td>Along technology</td>
			<td>YCKJ-RJ-024780</td>
			<td>Cover the surface of the eyeballs during anesthesia</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Erythromycin ointment</td>
			<td>pythonbio</td>
			<td>RG180</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Gas Evacuation Apparatus</td>
			<td>RWD</td>
			<td>R546W</td>
			<td>E05518-002</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>L-&#945;-Lysophosphatidylcholine</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>L0906</td>
			<td>Dissolve at 1% with sterile PBS</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Microliter Syringe</td>
			<td>Hamilton</td>
			<td>65460-05</td>
			<td>Syringe Series:1700, 10 &#181;L, 33 gauge</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Micro-smotic pump model 1002</td>
			<td>ALZET</td>
			<td>0004317</td>
			<td>0.25 &#181;L per hour, 14 days</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PBS (pH = 7.3)</td>
			<td>ORIGENE</td>
			<td>ZLI-9061</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pentobarbital sodium</td>
			<td>Shanghai Civi</td>
			<td>CAS NO: 57-33-0</td>
			<td>150-200 mg/kg intraperitoneal injection for euthanasia</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Small Animal Anesthesia Machine</td>
			<td>RWD</td>
			<td>R520IE</td>
			<td>E05807-006 M</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Stereotaxic Equipment</td>
			<td>RWD</td>
			<td>E06382</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>STERI 250 sterilizer</td>
			<td>Keller</td>
			<td>31101</td>
			<td>Rapid sterilization of surgical instruments</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Surgical sutures</td>
			<td>Shanghai jinhuan</td>
			<td>F504</td>
			<td>5-0</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Syringe needle (1 mL)</td>
			<td>Shanghai KDL</td>
			<td>6930197811018</td>
			<td>26 gauge (0.45 mm x 16 mm)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Testing drug and solvent</td>
			<td>Experiment dependent</td>
			<td>N/A</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>ThermoStar Homeothermic Monitoring System</td>
			<td>RWD</td>
			<td>69026</td>
			<td>Maintain body temperature during anesthesia</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Vetbond Tissue adhesive</td>
			<td>3M</td>
			<td>1469SB</td>
			<td>Secure the brain infusion cannula , Adhere the skin incision</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

osmotic pump-based drug-delivery for in vivo remyelination research on the central nervous system

Demyelination has been identified in not only multiple sclerosis (MS), but also other central nervous system diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and autism. As evidence suggests that remyelination can effectively ameliorate the disease symptoms, there is an increasing focus on drug development to promote the myelin regeneration process. Thus, a region-selectable and result-reliable drug delivery technique is required to test the efficiency and specificity of these drugs in vivo. This protocol introduces the osmotic pump implant as a new drug delivery approach in the lysolecithin-induced demyelination mouse model. The osmotic pump is a small implantable device that can bypass the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and deliver drugs steadily and directly to specific areas of the mouse brain. It can also effectively improve the bioavailability of drugs such as peptides and proteins with a short half-life. Therefore, this method is of great value to the field of central nervous system myelin regeneration research.

To verify the effect of the osmotic pump in myelin regeneration research, a lysolecithin-induced demyelination model was created in P56 mice, followed by implantation of osmotic pumps containing UM206 (1 mg in 1.5 mL 0.9% saline), a peptide with a short half-life and poor BBB permeability that has been recently reported to promote remyelination10. 0.9% saline was used as the control. Fourteen days after the model establishment, mice were transcardially perfused with 4% formaldehyde to isolate the ...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Osmotic Pump-based Drug-delivery for In Vivo Remyelination Research on the Central Nervous System at JoVE.com

Osmotic Pump-based Drug-delivery for In Vivo Remyelination Research on the Central Nervous System

Demyelination takes place in multiple central nervous system diseases. A reliable in vivo drug delivery technique is necessary for remyelinating drug testing. This protocol describes an osmotic pump-based method that allows long-term drug delivery directly into the brain parenchyma and improves the drug bioavailability, with broad application in remyelination research.

Osmotic Pump-based Drug-delivery for In Vivo Remyelination Research on the Central Nervous System

Demyelination has been identified in not only multiple sclerosis (MS), but also other central nervous system diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and ...

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