Name: microscopic replantation of penile glans amputation due to circumcision
Uploaded: 2022-06-03T14:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Microscopic Replantation of Penile Glans Amputation Due to Circumcision at JoVE.com

The protocol was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration and all the methods described here have been approved by the ethics committee of Daping Hospital and written consent was obtained from the patients.
1. Instruments for operation
<ol>
	<li>Conduct all the procedures under an operating microscope with 5-10x magnification to achieve precise anastomoses and anatomic reconstruction.</li>
</ol>
2. Inclusion and ...

<ol>
	<li>Pippi Salle, J. L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Glans+amputation+during+routine+neonatal+circumcision:+mechanism+of+injury+and+strategy+for+prevention.">Glans amputation during routine neonatal circumcision: mechanism of injury and strategy for prevention.</a> Journal of Pediatric Urology. 9, 763-768 (2013).</li><li>Rizvi, S. A., Naqvi, S. A., Hussain, M., Hasan, A. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Religious+circumcision:+a+Muslim+view.">Religious circumcision: a Muslim view.</a> BJU International. 83, 13-16 (1999).</li><li>Weiss, H. A., Larke, N., Halperin, D., Schenker, I. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Complications+of+circumcision+in+male+neonates,+infants+and+children:+a+systematic+review.">Complications of circumcision in male neonates, infants and children: a systematic review.</a> BMC Urology. 10, 2 (2010).</li><li>Harrison, N. W., Eshleman, J. L., Ngugi, P. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Ethical+issues+in+the+developing+world.">Ethical issues in the developing world.</a> BJU International. 76, 93-96 (1995).</li><li>Ceylan, K., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Severe+complications+of+circumcision:+an+analysis+of+48+cases.">Severe complications of circumcision: an analysis of 48 cases.</a> Journal of Pediatric Urology. 3 (1), 32-35 (2007).</li><li>Okeke, L. I., Asinobi, A. A., Ikuerowo, O. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Epidemiology+of+complications+of+male+circumcision+in+Ibadan,+Nigeria.">Epidemiology of complications of male circumcision in Ibadan, Nigeria.</a> BMC Urology. 6, 21 (2006).</li><li>Shabanzadeh, D. M., Clausen, S., Maigaard, K., Fode, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Male+circumcision+complications+-+A+systematic+review,+meta-analysis+and+meta-regression.">Male circumcision complications - A systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression.</a> Urology. 152, 25-34 (2021).</li><li>Aboutaleb, H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Reconstruction+of+an+amputated+glans+penis+with+a+buccal+mucosal+graft:+case+report+of+a+novel+technique.">Reconstruction of an amputated glans penis with a buccal mucosal graft: case report of a novel technique.</a> Korean Journal of Urology. 55 (12), 841-843 (2014).</li><li>Co&#349;kunfirat, O. K., Sayilkan, S., Velidedeoglu, H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Glans+and+penile+skin+amputation+as+a+complication+of+circumcision.">Glans and penile skin amputation as a complication of circumcision.</a> Annals of Plastic Surgery. 43 (4), 457 (1999).</li><li>El-Bahnasawy, M. S., El-Sherbiny, M. T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Paediatric+penile+trauma.">Paediatric penile trauma.</a> BJU International. 90 (1), 92-96 (2002).</li><li>Petrella, F., Amar, S., El-Sherbiny, M., Capolicchio, J. P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Total+glans+amputation+after+neonatal+circumcision.">Total glans amputation after neonatal circumcision.</a> Urology Case Reports. 37, 101624 (2021).</li><li>Raisin, G., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Glans+injury+during+ritual+circumcision.">Glans injury during ritual circumcision.</a> Journal of Pediatric Urology. 16 (4), 471 (2020).</li><li>Nasr, R., Traboulsi, S. L., Abou Ghaida, R. R., Bakhach, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Iatrogenic+penile+glans+amputation:+major+novel+reconstructive+procedure.">Iatrogenic penile glans amputation: major novel reconstructive procedure.</a> Case Reports in Urology. 2013, 741980 (2013).</li><li>Yosra, K., Wiem, H., Mourad, H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Saving+an+amputated+glans:+Role+of+winter+shunt.">Saving an amputated glans: Role of winter shunt.</a> Journal of Pediatric Urology. 16 (2), 238-240 (2020).</li><li>Manentsa, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Complications+of+high+volume+circumcision:+glans+amputation+in+adolescents;+a+case+report.">Complications of high volume circumcision: glans amputation in adolescents; a case report.</a> BMC Urology. 19 (1), 65 (2019).</li><li>Wang, P., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Microscopic+Replantation+of+Complete+Penile+Amputation+With+Video+Demonstration.">Microscopic Replantation of Complete Penile Amputation With Video Demonstration.</a> Urology. , (2022).</li></ol>

For religious or therapeutic purposes, about one-quarter of men around the world have had circumcision1. The incidence of complications is far from negligible, approximately 1% to 20%3,4,5,6,7. Circumcision-related glans amputation is extremely rare and there are no exact statistics depicting its incidence. Owing to its rarity, previous...

Around 25% of men worldwide are circumcised1,2. Circumcision in China is mostly performed in childhood. Over the past decades, the improvements in surgical techniques and equipment have made circumcision less complicated, faster, and with fewer post-circumcision complications. However, the popularity of these devices has also brought new challenges.
The incidence of post-circumcision complications is around 1%-20%, mostly mild3,4,5,6,7. In a recent meta-analysis, which included 351 studies with 4,042,988 participants, the overall complication risk was 3.84% (95% confidence interval 3.35-4.37)7. Circumcision-related glans amputation is a quite rare yet devastating injury during the surgery. Such complication is conventionally treated by simple hemostasis to achieve self-healing, early gross replantation, or delayed plastic surgery8,9. However, these can result in permanent damage to penile appearance and function, along with psychologic problems, if not handled properly8,9. The prevention and treatment of glans amputation have recently developed into a challenging problem for circumcision due to the increasing public health awareness and use of various suture devices in China. There are currently no existing protocols or guidelines for the treatment of such injury, which may be due to its rarity. As a result, there is no unified understanding of the injury mechanism of glans amputations, and there is a lack of early treatment management or prevention strategies.
In this study, we reported a case series of amputated penile glans caused by dispoable stapler during&#160;circumcision, which were successfully treated by microsurgery. The&#160;technical details of microsurgery were presented by video, and their possible injury mechanisms and prevention strategies were also discussed. This protocol is applicable for early microscopic replantation of all patients with penile glans amputation caused by accidental injury.

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Catheter&#160;</td>
			<td>Guangzhou Weili Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>12 Fr</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cefuroxime sodium</td>
			<td>Yiyi Saite, Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>0.75 g</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cis-atrecu besylate</td>
			<td>Jiangsu Dongying CO.,&#160; Ltd</td>
			<td>10 mg</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Operating microscope system</td>
			<td>Carl Zeiss Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>OPMI VARIO 700&#160;</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pentylpheptyl ether hydrochloride</td>
			<td>Chengdu Lisi Co., Ltd</td>
			<td>1.0 mg</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Prolene</td>
			<td>Ethicon, LLC</td>
			<td>W2777/2780</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sufentanni citrate</td>
			<td>Renfu Phermaceutical</td>
			<td>50 &#181;g</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Vicryl</td>
			<td>Ethicon, LLC</td>
			<td>W9981</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

microscopic replantation of penile glans amputation due to circumcision

Circumcision using a disposable stapler is becoming quite popular in China. However, improper surgical procedures also bring the risk of penile glans amputation, which is a very rare iatrogenic genital injury. Such complication is conventionally treated by simple hemostasis to achieve self-healing, early gross replantation, or delayed plastic surgery. However, these may lead to obvious unfavorable outcomes such as amputated glans loss, necrosis, malformation healing, or urethral orifice stenosis. In the present study, we adopted microscopic replantation as an emergency approach to achieve the precise anastomoses and anatomic reconstruction of penile glans. The goal of this protocol is to present a detailed emergency management strategy with meticulous surgical skills for the penile glans amputation. The postoperative results showed that the original shape of the glans was perfectly restored with satisfactory cosmetic appearance. The micturition function was completely restored to normal without any obvious complications. There was also no significant reduction in the sensation of amputated glans area. Hence, early meticulous microscopic replantation as soon as possible is an ideal emergency management strategy for the penile glans amputation due to circumcision.

Three 7-8 years old children, whose distal penile glans were completely (2 cases) or incompletely (1 case) amputated during circumcision using a disposable stapler, were admitted to the hospital within 2-3 h after injury from June 2019 to July 2021. Physical examination confirmed that about 1/3 of the distal end of the penile glans with 3-4 mm of distal urethra was completely or incompletely amputated. In one severe case, the inner plate of prepuce and frenulum on the ventral side of the glans were also seriously damaged...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Microscopic Replantation of Penile Glans Amputation Due to Circumcision at JoVE.com

Microscopic Replantation of Penile Glans Amputation Due to Circumcision

The present protocol describes the emergency management of microscopic replantation of penile glans amputation due to circumcision.

Circumcision using a disposable stapler is becoming quite popular in China. However, improper surgical procedures also bring the risk of penile glans ...

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