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Chapter 15

The Muscular System

الجهاز العضلي
الجهاز العضلي
The muscular system includes the skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles that coordinate with each other to carry out functions like movement, digestion, ...
ترتيب الحزمة في عضلات الهيكل العظمي
ترتيب الحزمة في عضلات الهيكل العظمي
Fascicles are bundles of muscle fibers in a skeletal muscle. Muscle fascicle arrangement is directly associated with the power and range of motion of ...
تنسيق العضلات وعملها
تنسيق العضلات وعملها
The skeletal muscles can coordinate, oppose, or assist each other to facilitate voluntary body movements. Depending on their function, a muscle or group ...
تسمية عضلات الهيكل العظمي
تسمية عضلات الهيكل العظمي
Skeletal muscle names are based on various factors, such as location, physical traits, and functions. Often, muscle names indicate their location. For ...
العضلات المحورية والزائدية
العضلات المحورية والزائدية
Skeletal muscles are mainly divided into two groups: the axial and the appendicular. The axial muscles present along the body's midline are primarily ...
عضلات لتعبيرات الوجه
عضلات لتعبيرات الوجه
The muscles responsible for facial expressions usually originate in the fascia of deeper muscles or skull bones and insert into the skin. As a result, any ...
عضلات العين
عضلات العين
The muscles of the eye are sophisticated structures that control eye movement and focus, allowing for the precise and rapid adjustments necessary for ...
عضلات الرقبة الأمامية
عضلات الرقبة الأمامية
The anterior neck muscles are classified as suprahyoid and infrahyoid based on their position relative to the hyoid bone. The suprahyoid muscles — ...
العضلات التي تحرك الرأس
العضلات التي تحرك الرأس
Multiple neck muscles help to balance the head and facilitate its movement at the atlanto-occipital joint. For example, the bilateral sternocleidomastoid, ...
عضلات العمود الفقري
عضلات العمود الفقري
The back muscles associated with the vertebral column are divided into superficial, intermediate, and deep layers. The superficial layer contains the ...
عضلات الصدر
عضلات الصدر
The deep thoracic intercostal muscles and the diaphragm are crucial for breathing. The diaphragm is a dome-shaped muscular structure separating the ...
عضلات البطن
عضلات البطن
The wall around the abdominal cavity can be divided into anterolateral and posterior regions. The walls of the anterolateral region comprise five paired ...
عضلات قاع الحوض والعجان
عضلات قاع الحوض والعجان
The pelvic diaphragm marks the inferior margin of the abdominopelvic cavity. It is formed by the paired levator ani and coccygeus muscles, which attach to ...
عضلات الكتف
عضلات الكتف
The shoulder muscles provide stability and mobility to the shoulder joint. The anterior shoulder muscles include the subclavius, pectoralis minor, and ...
العضلات التي تحرك الذراع
العضلات التي تحرك الذراع
Arm muscles are categorized into axial and scapular muscles. The two axial muscles are the pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi. The pectoralis major has ...
العضلات التي تحرك الساعد
العضلات التي تحرك الساعد
Muscles that move the forearm flex and extend at the elbow joint and pronate and supinate at the radioulnar joints. The biceps brachii, brachialis, and ...
عضلات الساعد التي تحرك اليد والأصابع
عضلات الساعد التي تحرك اليد والأصابع
The muscles of the forearm that move the wrist, hand, and digits are numerous and diverse. They can be classified into two groups based on their location ...
العضلات التي تحرك الفخذ
العضلات التي تحرك الفخذ
The thigh's motion is primarily governed by muscles originating in the pelvic girdle and inserted into the femur. One crucial muscle, the iliopsoas, ...
العضلات التي تحرك الساق
العضلات التي تحرك الساق
The movement of the legs is facilitated by numerous muscles located within the anterior, medial, and posterior compartments of the thigh. Anterior ...
عضلات الساق التي تحرك القدم وأصابع القدم
عضلات الساق التي تحرك القدم وأصابع القدم
The human leg comprises an intricate system of muscles that facilitate the movement of feet and toes. Within this system, the muscles are categorized into ...
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