The overall goal of this procedure is to measure CID behavior in response to odorants. This is accomplished by first making a vertical TMAs in which different odor choices are associated with different spatial regions. The second step is to introduce CIDs into the temaze.
Next, the CIDs are observed for a set amount of time to see which arm of the maze they choose, and their choice is recorded. Ultimately, the vertical temas choice assay is used to reveal insect behavioral response to odorants The vertical TE masal. Spectometer exploits the natural behaviors of insects so as to test insect response to a variety of attractants and repellent.
As a first step, find a temperature controlled room or environmental chamber in which experimental assemblies and assays can take place. Begin construction of the experimental setup with the assembly of a custom two ported olfactometer. The olfactometer consists of a 30 centimeter glass tube that is bifurcated into two separate ports with a Teflon strip forming a tase.
Each half is analogous to an arm of a two choice style olfactometer, enabling the test subject to choose between two potential odor fields. For optimal light diffusion, use an opaque container to enclose the experimental assembly. After mounting the TMAs Olfactometer vertically, position it under a fluorescent 900 luxe light bulb and connect the insect inlet to the olfactometer.
The odor sources are housed in a solid phase micro extraction source chamber. Connect the olfactometer arms to odor sources using Teflon glass tube connectors. Next, connect the air delivery system to an external source of humidified and carbon purified air that is under constant pressure.
To prepare odor sources dissolve the desired chemical samples within an appropriate solvent. Pipette this onto a cotton wick. Also impregnate a cotton wick with solvent only to create a control sample.
Envelop the treated and control cotton wicks in laboratory tissues to prevent significant contamination of the glassware. When a sample is needed, place it into one of the source chambers. Prior to testing with an odor, expose the Cates to clean air versus clean air and solvent versus clean air in the T MAs Olfactometer.
This serves to verify the absence of positional bias or an effective solvent on the test subjects. To test clean air versus clean air, start the flow of purified and humidified air through empty source chambers via two pumps connected to an air delivery system. Maintain the airflow at 0.1 liters per minute through both arms of the olfactometer.
Ensure that all observations will be conducted at a standard temperature and relative humidity. Now begin this control test by placing about 20 SIDS in the chamber. Observe the SIDS for a predetermined interval between 100 and 300 seconds.
The weight allows them to respond to the environment. After the time is elapsed, record the response of the CIDs to the test environment. Score a choice of the left arm for each SLI that crosses into the left part of the T aze above the lowest point of the divider Score analogously for the right arm.
Score a choice of the release arm if no other choice is made. Once all the responses have been recorded, collect the CIDs using an aspirator. Conduct a similar test for solvent versus clean air by introducing a solvent wick into one of the source chambers.
Use a different set of CIDs for the observations after the control runs. Begin the odor testing by assigning an odor source randomly to one of the arms of the olfactometer at the beginning of each bioassay. Reverse this position after every 10 test subjects assay at minimum to eliminate potential positional bias.
Again, check that the airflow, temperature and humidity have not changed. Introduce one or more sates to the chamber per run For the test here, about 10 are introduced. Test the response of a minimum of 30 and up to 120 test subjects per odor combination.
Observe the sates for 100 to 300 seconds to allow them to exhibit a behavioral response. The time interval should be established beforehand. Record the arm choices of the test subjects by scoring an odor choice when a test subject enters the olfactometer arm with the odor or a control arm choice or a release arm choice.
Finally, once all observations have been recorded, remove the CIDs using an aspirator before using the setup for a different odor treatment, clean the olfactometer and connecting tube thoroughly with 2%SOAP solution and bake the glass components at 200 degrees Fahrenheit for 24 hours. This plot chose the response of the Asian citrusy to volatiles from citrus host plants versus the clean air control. This plot chose the response of the Asian citrusy to citrus volatiles versus citrus volatiles co released with dimethyl di sulfide, A repellent in both the top and bottom plots.
The columns labeled by a letter are statistically significantly different from one another with greater than 95%confidence. According to a one-way analysis of variance followed by tui's. Honestly, significant difference test Well factos very widely in their design and are often tailored, designed for the specific insect problem that is being investigated.
The current article describes the design and use of a vertically oriented t masal. Reflectometer used to measure the response of insects to a variety of odor.
