Chapter 7
Pharmacokinetic Models
Métodos de análisis de datos farmacocinéticos: modelos y enfoques independientes del modelo
The drug disposition in the body is a complex process and can be studied using two major approaches: the model and the model-independent approaches.
The ...
Enfoques de modelos para datos farmacocinéticos: modelos de compartimentos
Compartmental analysis is a commonly used approach to characterize drug pharmacokinetics.
Compartment models assume the body as a series of reversibly ...
Modelo abierto de un compartimento para la administración de bolo intravenoso: consideraciones generales
A one-compartment open pharmacokinetic model describes the drug concentration-time course in the body post-administration. It views the body as a single, ...
Modelo abierto de un compartimento para la administración de bolo intravenoso: estimación de la constante de tasa de eliminación, la vida media y el volumen de distribución
The one-compartment open model for IV bolus drug administration considers drug elimination as a monoexponential process.
Analyzing the plasma drug ...
Modelo abierto de un compartimento para la administración de bolo intravenoso: estimación del espacio libre
Clearance signifies the theoretical fluid volume from which a drug is completely removed within a specific timeframe, expressed as volume per unit time. ...
Modelo de un compartimento: infusión intravenosa
IV infusion is suitable when maintenance of constant and stable drug concentration in the body is desired or when the drug poses toxicity risks.
For ...
Modelo abierto de un compartimento para administración extravascular: modelo de absorción de orden cero
Extravascular drug administration occurs via oral, intramuscular, or rectal routes.
It relies on absorption for the drug's therapeutic activity.
Here, ...
Modelo abierto de un compartimento para administración extravascular: modelo de absorción de primer orden
The first-order absorption model for extravascular administration considers the rate at which a drug is absorbed, distributed in body tissues, and ...
Modelo abierto de un compartimento: Método de Wagner-Nelson y Loo Riegelman para la estimación de ka
The Wagner-Nelson method estimates the absorption rate constant, ka, for drugs administered without assuming zero- or first-order absorption.
Its ...
Modelo abierto de un compartimento: datos de excreción urinaria y determinación de k
Urinary excretion data helps understand the process of drug elimination from the body, providing insight into the clearance of unaltered drugs.
It is a ...
Modelos multicompartimento: descripción general
Multicompartment models illustrate how drugs are distributed and eliminated within the body. They offer a more accurate depiction than one-compartment ...
Modelo abierto de dos compartimentos: descripción general
Multicompartment pharmacokinetic models illustrate drug distribution and elimination within the body.
The most common type of these models is the ...
Modelo abierto de dos compartimentos: administración de bolo intravenoso
The two-compartment model for intravenous bolus administration comprises central and peripheral compartments, representing the distribution of a drug in ...
Modelo abierto de dos compartimentos: infusión intravenosa
Two-compartment models are pharmacokinetic tools to understand drug distribution.
For a drug administered via a constant rate or zero-order intravenous ...
Modelo abierto de dos compartimentos: administración extravascular
Two-compartment models for extravascular administration involve a central and a peripheral compartment.
For a drug entering the body via a first-order ...
Modelo abierto de tres compartimentos
Three-compartment models are similar to the two-compartment model but have an additional deep tissue compartment.
The deep tissue compartment represents ...
Modelos mecanicistas: descripción general de los modelos de compartimentos
Pharmacokinetic models can be classified as empirical or mechanistic.
Empirical models include data description with minimal assumptions about the ...
Modelos Mecanicistas: Modelos de Compartimentos en Análisis Individual y Poblacional
The individual analysis uses mechanistic models involving single-source data. However, data collection errors prevent perfect observed data prediction.
In ...
Modelos mecanicistas: modelos de compartimentos en algoritmos para la resolución de problemas numéricos
Mechanistic models use numerical problem-solving algorithms to evaluate parameters.
Some algorithms use linearization techniques to simplify the model ...
Enfoques de modelos para datos farmacocinéticos: modelos fisiológicos
Physiological models illustrate the drug's distribution and elimination processes within the body.
They describe the drug concentration in target ...
Modelos Farmacocinéticos Fisiológicos: Supuesto con Unión a Proteínas
Physiological models can predict drug disposition assuming linear drug-protein interactions.
Compared to conventional models, they effectively predict ...
Modelos farmacocinéticos fisiológicos: modelos limitados por el flujo sanguíneo frente a modelos limitados por la difusión
Physiological models generally postulate a swift drug distribution between tissue and venous blood.
Rapid drug equilibrium assumes quick drug diffusion ...
Modelos Farmacocinéticos Fisiológicos: Incorporación de Aclaramiento Mediado por Transportadores Hepáticos
Drug transporters are pivotal in drug absorption, distribution, and excretion processes and should be included in physiologically-based pharmacokinetic ...
Enfoques de modelos para datos farmacocinéticos: modelos de parámetros distribuidos
Pharmacokinetic models employ mathematical expressions for predicting drug behavior in the body and calculating pharmacokinetic parameters.
Different ...
Enfoques independientes del modelo para datos farmacocinéticos: análisis no compartimental
Noncompartmental analysis is an alternative method for describing drug pharmacokinetics without assigning a particular compartmental model to the drug.
...
Análisis No Compartimental: Teoría del Momento Estadístico
Noncompartmental analyses rely on statistical moment theory to examine time-related changes in macroscopic events. Mean residence time, MRT, describes the ...
Análisis no compartimental: tiempo medio de residencia
According to statistical moment theory, mean residence time is the expected mean of a probability density function distribution. It can also be viewed ...
Análisis no compartimental: tiempo medio de tránsito, absorción y disolución
When drugs are administered extravascularly, various parameters are considered for noncompartmental analysis.
The mean transit time, MTT, is the total ...
Análisis no compartimental: diversos parámetros farmacocinéticos
The noncompartmental approach utilizes various factors, including clearance, bioavailability, and total volume of distribution.
Once a drug is ...
Modelos farmacocinéticos: comparación y criterio de selección
Physiological and compartmental models used to study biological systems rely on differential equations for mass balance.
Physiological models consider ...
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