Chapter 7
Pharmacokinetic Models
Методы анализа фармакокинетических данных: модельный и модельно-независимый подходы
The drug disposition in the body is a complex process and can be studied using two major approaches: the model and the model-independent approaches.
The ...
Модельные подходы к фармакокинетике: компартментные модели
Compartmental analysis is a commonly used approach to characterize drug pharmacokinetics.
Compartment models assume the body as a series of reversibly ...
Однокамерная открытая модель для внутривенного болюсного введения: общие соображения
A one-compartment open pharmacokinetic model describes the drug concentration-time course in the body post-administration. It views the body as a single, ...
Однокамерная открытая модель для внутривенного болюсного введения: оценка константы скорости выведения, периода полувыведения и объема распределения
The one-compartment open model for IV bolus drug administration considers drug elimination as a monoexponential process.
Analyzing the plasma drug ...
Однокамерная открытая модель для внутривенного болюсного введения: оценка клиренса
Clearance signifies the theoretical fluid volume from which a drug is completely removed within a specific timeframe, expressed as volume per unit time. ...
Однокамерная модель: внутривенная инфузия
IV infusion is suitable when maintenance of constant and stable drug concentration in the body is desired or when the drug poses toxicity risks.
For ...
Однокамерная открытая модель для внесосудистого введения: модель абсорбции нулевого порядка
Extravascular drug administration occurs via oral, intramuscular, or rectal routes.
It relies on absorption for the drug's therapeutic activity.
Here, ...
Однокамерная открытая модель для внесосудистого введения: модель абсорбции первого порядка
The first-order absorption model for extravascular administration considers the rate at which a drug is absorbed, distributed in body tissues, and ...
Однокамерная открытая модель: метод Вагнера-Нельсона и Лу Ригельмана для оценки ka
The Wagner-Nelson method estimates the absorption rate constant, ka, for drugs administered without assuming zero- or first-order absorption.
Its ...
Однокамерная открытая модель: данные экскреции с мочой и определение k
Urinary excretion data helps understand the process of drug elimination from the body, providing insight into the clearance of unaltered drugs.
It is a ...
Модели с несколькими отсеками: обзор
Multicompartment models illustrate how drugs are distributed and eliminated within the body. They offer a more accurate depiction than one-compartment ...
Открытая модель с двумя отделениями: обзор
Multicompartment pharmacokinetic models illustrate drug distribution and elimination within the body.
The most common type of these models is the ...
Двухкамерная открытая модель: внутривенное болюсное введение
The two-compartment model for intravenous bolus administration comprises central and peripheral compartments, representing the distribution of a drug in ...
Открытая модель с двумя отделениями: внутривенная инфузия
Two-compartment models are pharmacokinetic tools to understand drug distribution.
For a drug administered via a constant rate or zero-order intravenous ...
Двухкамерная открытая модель: внесосудистое введение
Two-compartment models for extravascular administration involve a central and a peripheral compartment.
For a drug entering the body via a first-order ...
Трехкамерная открытая модель
Three-compartment models are similar to the two-compartment model but have an additional deep tissue compartment.
The deep tissue compartment represents ...
Механистические модели: обзор моделей отсеков
Pharmacokinetic models can be classified as empirical or mechanistic.
Empirical models include data description with minimal assumptions about the ...
Механистические модели: компартментные модели в индивидуальном и популяционном анализе
The individual analysis uses mechanistic models involving single-source data. However, data collection errors prevent perfect observed data prediction.
In ...
Механистические модели: компартментные модели в алгоритмах решения численных задач
Mechanistic models use numerical problem-solving algorithms to evaluate parameters.
Some algorithms use linearization techniques to simplify the model ...
Модельные подходы к фармакокинетическим данным: физиологические модели
Physiological models illustrate the drug's distribution and elimination processes within the body.
They describe the drug concentration in target ...
Физиологические фармакокинетические модели: предположение о связывании с белками
Physiological models can predict drug disposition assuming linear drug-protein interactions.
Compared to conventional models, they effectively predict ...
Физиологические фармакокинетические модели: модели с ограничением кровотока и с ограничением диффузии
Physiological models generally postulate a swift drug distribution between tissue and venous blood.
Rapid drug equilibrium assumes quick drug diffusion ...
Физиологические фармакокинетические модели: включение печеночного транспортер-опосредованного клиренса
Drug transporters are pivotal in drug absorption, distribution, and excretion processes and should be included in physiologically-based pharmacokinetic ...
Модельные подходы для фармакокинетических данных: модели с распределенными параметрами
Pharmacokinetic models employ mathematical expressions for predicting drug behavior in the body and calculating pharmacokinetic parameters.
Different ...
Модельно-независимые подходы к фармакокинетическим данным: некомпартментный анализ
Noncompartmental analysis is an alternative method for describing drug pharmacokinetics without assigning a particular compartmental model to the drug.
...
Некомпартментный анализ: статистическая теория моментов
Noncompartmental analyses rely on statistical moment theory to examine time-related changes in macroscopic events. Mean residence time, MRT, describes the ...
Некомпартментный анализ: среднее время пребывания
According to statistical moment theory, mean residence time is the expected mean of a probability density function distribution. It can also be viewed ...
Некомпартментный анализ: среднее время прохождения, поглощения и растворения
When drugs are administered extravascularly, various parameters are considered for noncompartmental analysis.
The mean transit time, MTT, is the total ...
Некомпартментный анализ: различные фармакокинетические параметры
The noncompartmental approach utilizes various factors, including clearance, bioavailability, and total volume of distribution.
Once a drug is ...
Фармакокинетические модели: сравнение и критерий выбора
Physiological and compartmental models used to study biological systems rely on differential equations for mass balance.
Physiological models consider ...
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