Chapter 7
Pharmacokinetic Models
Métodos de Análise de Dados Farmacocinéticos: Abordagens Independentes de Modelo e Modelo
The drug disposition in the body is a complex process and can be studied using two major approaches: the model and the model-independent approaches.
The ...
Abordagens de modelo para dados farmacocinéticos: modelos de compartimento
Compartmental analysis is a commonly used approach to characterize drug pharmacokinetics.
Compartment models assume the body as a series of reversibly ...
Modelo aberto de um compartimento para administração de bolus IV: considerações gerais
A one-compartment open pharmacokinetic model describes the drug concentration-time course in the body post-administration. It views the body as a single, ...
Modelo aberto de um compartimento para administração de bolus IV: estimativa da constante de taxa de eliminação, meia-vida e volume de distribuição
The one-compartment open model for IV bolus drug administration considers drug elimination as a monoexponential process.
Analyzing the plasma drug ...
Modelo aberto de um compartimento para administração de bolus IV: estimativa da depuração
Clearance signifies the theoretical fluid volume from which a drug is completely removed within a specific timeframe, expressed as volume per unit time. ...
Modelo de um compartimento: infusão IV
IV infusion is suitable when maintenance of constant and stable drug concentration in the body is desired or when the drug poses toxicity risks.
For ...
Modelo aberto de um compartimento para administração extravascular: modelo de absorção de ordem zero
Extravascular drug administration occurs via oral, intramuscular, or rectal routes.
It relies on absorption for the drug's therapeutic activity.
Here, ...
Modelo aberto de um compartimento para administração extravascular: modelo de absorção de primeira ordem
The first-order absorption model for extravascular administration considers the rate at which a drug is absorbed, distributed in body tissues, and ...
Modelo Aberto de Um Compartimento: Método de Wagner-Nelson e Loo Riegelman para ka Estimativa
The Wagner-Nelson method estimates the absorption rate constant, ka, for drugs administered without assuming zero- or first-order absorption.
Its ...
Modelo aberto de um compartimento: dados de excreção urinária e determinação de k
Urinary excretion data helps understand the process of drug elimination from the body, providing insight into the clearance of unaltered drugs.
It is a ...
Modelos com vários compartimentos: Visão geral
Multicompartment models illustrate how drugs are distributed and eliminated within the body. They offer a more accurate depiction than one-compartment ...
Modelo aberto de dois compartimentos: visão geral
Multicompartment pharmacokinetic models illustrate drug distribution and elimination within the body.
The most common type of these models is the ...
Modelo aberto de dois compartimentos: IV administração de bolus
The two-compartment model for intravenous bolus administration comprises central and peripheral compartments, representing the distribution of a drug in ...
Modelo aberto de dois compartimentos: infusão IV
Two-compartment models are pharmacokinetic tools to understand drug distribution.
For a drug administered via a constant rate or zero-order intravenous ...
Modelo aberto de dois compartimentos: administração extravascular
Two-compartment models for extravascular administration involve a central and a peripheral compartment.
For a drug entering the body via a first-order ...
Modelo aberto de três compartimentos
Three-compartment models are similar to the two-compartment model but have an additional deep tissue compartment.
The deep tissue compartment represents ...
Modelos Mecanicistas: Visão Geral dos Modelos de Compartimento
Pharmacokinetic models can be classified as empirical or mechanistic.
Empirical models include data description with minimal assumptions about the ...
Modelos Mecanísticos: Modelos Compartimentais em Análise Individual e Populacional
The individual analysis uses mechanistic models involving single-source data. However, data collection errors prevent perfect observed data prediction.
In ...
Modelos Mecanicistas: Modelos de Compartimento em Algoritmos para Resolução de Problemas Numéricos
Mechanistic models use numerical problem-solving algorithms to evaluate parameters.
Some algorithms use linearization techniques to simplify the model ...
Abordagens de modelo para dados farmacocinéticos: modelos fisiológicos
Physiological models illustrate the drug's distribution and elimination processes within the body.
They describe the drug concentration in target ...
Modelos Farmacocinéticos Fisiológicos: Suposição com Ligação a Proteínas
Physiological models can predict drug disposition assuming linear drug-protein interactions.
Compared to conventional models, they effectively predict ...
Modelos farmacocinéticos fisiológicos: modelos limitados ao fluxo sanguíneo versus modelos limitados à difusão
Physiological models generally postulate a swift drug distribution between tissue and venous blood.
Rapid drug equilibrium assumes quick drug diffusion ...
Modelos farmacocinéticos fisiológicos: incorporando a depuração mediada por transportadores hepáticos
Drug transporters are pivotal in drug absorption, distribution, and excretion processes and should be included in physiologically-based pharmacokinetic ...
Abordagens de modelo para dados farmacocinéticos: modelos de parâmetros distribuídos
Pharmacokinetic models employ mathematical expressions for predicting drug behavior in the body and calculating pharmacokinetic parameters.
Different ...
Abordagens independentes de modelo para dados farmacocinéticos: análise não compartimental
Noncompartmental analysis is an alternative method for describing drug pharmacokinetics without assigning a particular compartmental model to the drug.
...
Análise não compartimental: teoria do momento estatístico
Noncompartmental analyses rely on statistical moment theory to examine time-related changes in macroscopic events. Mean residence time, MRT, describes the ...
Análise não compartimental: tempo médio de residência
According to statistical moment theory, mean residence time is the expected mean of a probability density function distribution. It can also be viewed ...
Análise não compartimental: tempo médio de trânsito, absorção e dissolução
When drugs are administered extravascularly, various parameters are considered for noncompartmental analysis.
The mean transit time, MTT, is the total ...
Análise não compartimental: parâmetros farmacocinéticos diversos
The noncompartmental approach utilizes various factors, including clearance, bioavailability, and total volume of distribution.
Once a drug is ...
Modelos farmacocinéticos: critério de comparação e seleção
Physiological and compartmental models used to study biological systems rely on differential equations for mass balance.
Physiological models consider ...
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