Preparation of a Single-Cell Suspension from Mouse Carotid Arteries for Single-Cell Sequencing

Summary

Here we describe a two-step cell digestion protocol for preparing a single-cell suspension of mouse carotid arteries.

Abstract

Carotid arteries are major blood vessels in the neck that supply blood and oxygen to the brain, but carotid stenosis occurs when carotid arteries are clogged by plaque. Revealing the cellular composition of the carotid artery at the single-cell level is essential for treating carotid atherosclerosis. However, there is no ready-to-use protocol for the preparation of single-cell suspensions from carotid arteries. To obtain a suitable protocol for the dissociation of normal carotid arteries at the single-cell level with less damage to cells, we designed a two-step digestion method by integrating the digestion process of collagenase/DNase and trypsin. Acridine orange/propidium iodide (AO/PI) dual-fluorescence counting was used to detect cell viability and concentration, and it was found that the single-cell suspension satisfied the requirements for single-cell sequencing, with the viability of cells over 85% and a high cell concentration. After single-cell data processing, a median of ~2500 transcripts per cell were detected in each carotid artery cell. Notably, a variety of cell types of the normal carotid artery, including vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), fibroblasts, endothelial cells (ECs), and macrophages and dendritic cells (Mφ/DCs), were concurrently detectable. This protocol may be applied to prepare a single-cell suspension of blood vessels from other tissues with appropriate modifications.

Introduction

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with risk factors such as high blood pressure, hyperlipidemia, and hemodynamics¹. Carotid artery bifurcations are prone to hemodynamic changes and lead to carotid plaque formation. The clinical presentation of carotid atherosclerosis can be acute such as stroke and transient cerebral ischemia, or chronic such as recurrent transient cerebral ischemia and vascular dementia². Mechanically, carotid plaque is the outcome of the interaction between different vessel wall cells and various blood cells under pathological conditions. Therefore, revealing the single-cell ....

Protocol

All animal procedures described below were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Soochow University.

1. Reagents and materials preparation

1. Utilize 1x PBS without calcium and magnesium and 2.5 U/mL heparin sodium salt to prepare the perfusion solution. Store at 4 °C, and precool on ice when used.
2. Prepare dissociation reagent A that contains 125 CDU/mL collagenase II and 60 U/mL DNase I by diluting 1250 CDU/mL collagenase II an.......

Discussion

Here we provide a detailed protocol for the preparation of a high-quality single-cell suspension from the carotid artery of wild-type mice, in which a two-step digestion method integrating the digestion process of collagenase/DNase and trypsin was constructed. After the quality check of the single-cell suspension, we found that it satisfied the requirements for single-cell sequencing, with the viability of cells over 85% and a high cell concentration. Moreover, a variety of cell types in the carotid artery, including VSM.......

Materials

Name	Company	Catalog Number	Comments
0.25% EDTA-free trypsin	Beyotime	C0205	Dilute 1 mL of 0.25% EDTA-free trypsin into 1 mL of 1x PBS.
0.9% NaCl saline solution	Beyotime	ST341	Dilute the heparin sodium solution into a final concentration of 10 mg/mL
1 mL syringes	SKJYLEAN	sk-r009	To perform cardiac perfusion
1.5 mL centrifuge tubes	KIRGEN	KG2211W	To centrifuge the tissue piece and cell suspension
20 mL syringes	SKJYLEAN	sk-r013	To perform cardiac perfusion
40 µm cell strainer	JETBIOFIL	css010040	To filter undigested tissue fragments
AO/PI kit	Hengrui Biological	RE010212	To identify whether the cell is alive or dead
Automated cell counter	Countstar	Mira FL	To analyze the cell morphology and cell viability of digested carotid vascular cells
Cell Ranger software	10× Genomics	3.0.2	To process Chromium single-cell RNA-seq output and perform clustering and gene expression analysis
Chromium Single Cell 3'Reagent Kits v3	10× Genomics	1000075	To prepare single-cell RNA-seq libraries of single-cell suspension
Collagenase II	Sigma-Aldrich	C6885	Dilute with HBSS to a final concentration of 125 CDU/mL
Deoxyribonuclease I	Worthington	LS002140	Dilute with HBSS to a final concentration of 60 U/mL
Fetal bovine serum	HyClone	SH30088.03	Termination of the digestion reaction
Hank's balanced salt solution	Gibco	14175095	Store at the room temperture
Heparin sodium salt	Solarbio Life Science	H8060	Dilute with 0.9% NaCl to a final concentration of 10 mg/mL
Microcentrifuge	Thermo Fisher Scientific	75002560	Applied for spining down the tissues and cell pellets
NovaSeq 6000	Illumina	N/A	Sequencer
Phosphate-buffered saline	Solarbio Life Science	P1000	Used for cardiac perfusion and resuspension of cells
Seurat package- R	Satija Lab	3.1.2	To performed dimensionality reduction, visualization, and analysis of scRNA-sequencing data
Six-well cell culture plates	NEST	703002	Place the vascular tissue
Water bath	Jinghong	DK-S22	Keep the digestion temperature at 37 °C