ドイツ研究振興協会 (ドイツ研究協会;2240 の「(リンパ) 血管新生と眼の炎症性疾患における細胞性免疫能」にハイビスカス。彼 6743/2-1 および彼 6743/3-1 ハイビスカスに)、クルク島とハイビスカスにケルン大学の GEROK プログラムです。感謝の意は、博士 Kühner、テクニカル サポート

このプロシージャのインフォームド コンセントが必要であり、ケルン、ドイツのケルン大学眼科で手術を受けたすべての患者を受けた。すべての検査や外科的介入は国の法律と、現在のバージョンの 1975 年からヘルシンキ宣言に従って実行された。
 注: 指示がプロシージャを実行する側にだけ常に参照してください限り。滅菌装置を使用します。
 1 です患者準備 <ol><li>実行徹底した眼科的検査法 (まぶた、上限と下限の涙、涙の排水に注意) と灌漑を含むとパンドをテストする調査 10。.
	<ol><li>標準化された灌漑用上・ バンガーター プローブを挿入し、その後、下げる涙。垂直方向に、それを挿入することによって開始し、小管生理学的形成に水平位置に神殿へそれを傾けます。涙管閉塞をテストする生理食塩水を慎重に注入プローブが位置の場合 。
		注: infrasaccal パンド、・ バンガーター カニューレが簡単に達する弾む抵抗せず外側鼻の壁 (&#34; ハード ストップ &#34;)。反対の涙を通して対側逆流患者に達するすべての切削油剤を用いないになります水を引くしようとすると、&#39; s 咽頭 10.</li>
	</ol></li> <li>急性感染症、涙排水システムも、外傷性、先天性または presaccal 閉塞の腫瘍を除外します。
	<ol>見て、痛みを伴う発赤の急性感染症を除外するための <li>涙排水の腫れや膿の排出。腫瘍を除外するために、無痛性腫脹、潰瘍や色素沈着を探します。Presaccal 閉塞結果弾む抵抗・ バンガーター プローブを涙嚢に進出しようとしたとき (&#34; ソフト ストップ &#34;)。先天性と外傷性の閉塞が忍耐強い歴史 10 , 19 , 20 で排除される</li>。
	</ol></li> <li>鼻腔内リンゴ疾患、例えば重度の鼻中隔偏差を除外します。これは患者の撮影によってされるべきである &#39; 鼻腔 21 のリンゴの検査との組み合わせで s 歴史</li>。
	<li>入れて、全身麻酔下の患者など誘導のためのアトラクリウムベシル、レミフェンタニル、プロポ フォールの静脈注射して標準体重に適応した投与を使用してメンテナンスのため desfluran プラス静脈レミフェンタニルの吸入 10. 挿管を実行する必要があります、しかし、喉頭マスクの使用も可能です 。
	注: 麻酔薬としての投与量は、診療所間異なる場合があります。DCR のレーザに必要な特定の麻酔プロトコルはありません</li>。
</ol> 2。レーザー援用 DCR <ol><li>挿入胸腔内視鏡、鼻に鼻孔を慎重に進めることにより空洞。外側鼻の壁に向かって内視鏡を少し傾けることによって中鼻甲介の前縁を視覚化します</li>。
	<li>は、レーザー装置とレーザー設定を正しい値を設定します。保護眼鏡をかけます。
	<ol><li>接続レーザー ダイオード レーザー (波長 810 nm) を光ファイバー (直径 400 μ m)。ダイオード レーザーの設定を 6-8 W、パルス持続時間 200 ms、100 ms 博覧会一時停止</li>。
		<li>は収まるハンドピース操縦と鈍カニューレを通してレーザー光ファイバーです。カニューレの先端に突き出る繊維の 2 〜 3 mm ができます</li>。
		<li>実行炭化木のへらで押し、適用するレーザー光ファイバー先端のレーザー エネルギー先端が十分に黒くされるまで数秒 。
		注: これは涙嚢の組織に不要なエネルギー分布を制限します</li>。
	</ol></li> <li>外側鼻の壁にレーザーのファイバーを正しく配置します。
	<ol><li>使用、涙腺プローブ下の涙 ( 図 2 a) を拡張します。最初は垂直方向にプローブを挿入し、さらに涙嚢に向けて進む前に水平方向にします。これにより、次のステップにスムーズに挿入されるレーザー繊維します</li>。
		<li>は、低い小管 ( 図 2 b , 2 c) にレーザーのファイバーを挿入します。垂直方向に、それを挿入することによって開始し、低い小管の生理学的な形成に水平位置に寺手前に倒します</li>。
		<li>は、外側鼻の壁、すなわち内側の涙腺 saccal 壁に触れるそれまで慎重にレーザー繊維と涙嚢に進出します。中鼻甲介の前縁にある、前下方向に先端を目指して</li>。
		<li>正しい内視鏡中鼻甲介 ( 図 2 d) の前の縁の高さを目指してビームの transluminescence を監視することによって位置を確認してください</li>。
	</ol></li> <li>十分な鼻涙を鼻の壁にパルス レーザー エネルギーのアプリケーションによってバイパスを作成します。
	<ol><li>適用レーザー エネルギー (上記のパラメーター セットを使用して)、中鼻甲介の前縁を目指して、圧力なしの壁に一定した接触を維持します。レーザーは鼻涙バイパス ( 図 2 d , 2 e) を作成する、それの前に直接組織を蒸発します 。
		注: 総エネルギー必要な範囲は 0.9 - 1.8 kJ と患者間に変化する傾向がある</li>。
		<li>ファイバー先端が壁に積極的に押されていないことを確認してください。これにより、金属の加熱による熱損傷を引き起こすので金属カニューレにヒント タイム スリップを聞かせしないように注意します。また先端がオフに破ることができると、横の動きを避ける</li>
		<li>外側鼻の壁を貫通レーザーのファイバーを少し引いて、慎重に循環的に余白を気化させることで、口を拡大します。( 図 2 f) 可能な限り、大規模なバイパスを作成しようとします</li>。
		<li>口の 5 mm の径を目指す</li>。
		<li>エネルギーの適用を停止し、機器を慎重に取り消し、ハンドピースとカニューレ レーザー繊維を削除します</li>。
	</ol></li> <li>生理食塩水灌漑 1.1.1 で説明・ バンガーター プローブを使用して、口の開存を確認します。特許の口を作成した場合成功した灌漑内視鏡表示されます</li>。
	<li>・ バンガーター プローブを削除します</li>。
	<li>は、シリコン チューブ ( 図 2 g) を配置します。
	<ol><li>下涙 monocanalicular シリコン チューブを挿入、大手金属チップが骨の口を通過し、鼻腔内に突出するまで慎重に進めることです</li>。
		<li>鼻腔内からヒントをつかみ、鼻からの所定の位置 ( 図 2 h) シリコン チューブを引っ張る使用ブレークスリー鉗子</li>。
		<li>は、シリコン チューブを短くはさみのペアを使用します。最後は鼻からくっつかない</li>。
		<li>も上小管 (2.7.3 を介して次手順 2.7.1) を介してシリコン気管挿管を行う ( 図 2 h).</li>
	</ol></li> <li>鼻内視鏡を削除します</li></ol>。
 3. 手術後のケアとフォロー アップ <ol><li>手術後、ey の抗生物質による治療を開始e ドロップ (例えばオフロキサシン)、充血除去剤点眼薬 (例えば xylometazolin)、ステロイド系の点眼薬 (プレドニゾロン酢酸など)。一方ステロイド一週間後抗生物質を停止して 1 ヶ月にわたって充血除去剤点眼する必要がありますから離脱ゆっくりと</li>。
	<li>6 週間と手術後 3 カ月でフォロー アップ。症状、シリコン チューブ脱、感染症、および分泌の解決方法を探します</li>。
	<li>単に涙点の高さで T 形の端をつかみ、慎重にそれらを引き出すことによって、手術後 3ヶ月でシリコン チューブを削除します</li>。
</ol>

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H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Efficacy+of+adjunctive+mitomycin+C+in+transcanalicular+diode+laser+dacryocystorhinostomy+in+different+age+groups.">Efficacy of adjunctive mitomycin C in transcanalicular diode laser dacryocystorhinostomy in different age groups.</a> Eur. J. Ophthalmol. 26 (1), 1-5 (2016).</li><li>Ozsutcu, M., Balci, O., Tanriverdi, C., Demirci, G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Efficacy+of+adjunctive+mitomycin+C+in+transcanalicular+diode+laser+dacryocystorhinostomy.">Efficacy of adjunctive mitomycin C in transcanalicular diode laser dacryocystorhinostomy.</a> Eur. Arch. Otorhinolaryngol. 274 (2), 873-877 (2016).</li></ol>

利害のない衝突。

Transcanalicular レーザー DCR 前述は皮膚切開を必要とせず効果的に絶対 infrasaccal 鼻涙管閉塞を治療するために非常に高速、低侵襲の方法従って皮膚だけでなく、内側を温存眼角の腱と生理の小管ポンプ機構。プロシージャはプライマリ買収鼻涙ダクト閉塞患者に適して、特発性狭窄症以外の病態をこの手順で資格はありません。これは、一部、19,20<sup...

Infrasaccal プライマリ買収鼻涙ダクト閉塞 (パンド) は、慢性の流涙症、眼瞼炎、定期的なまたは慢性涙嚢炎につながる中高年齢の患者で一般的な疾患です。最も一般的に、患者は、排水が不十分な涙の結果の 1 つまたは両方の鼻涙ダクト infrasaccal 閉塞を開発します。
パンドの治療、外部リノストーミー (DCR) まだ金本位制にすると見なされます、100 年以上それだったときに最初に1を実行にもかかわらず、この手順は歴史的に遡る。皮膚切開し涙嚢鼻腔壁の準備、ドリルが入り込んで、妨害のダクト、鼻腔につながる骨の口を作成する使用されます。この方法2,3の 85% 以上の機能の成功率を報告されています。これらの結果はしかし、リスク生理小管ポンプ機構4,5を含むまぶたの内側の構造を置く、患者を残すことができる比較的侵襲的な手順を実行するを犠牲に、モダンな眉間の皮膚切開は、結果を改善しているが、傷跡を歓迎されません。低侵襲を実行または内視鏡アプローチの選択によってこれらのリスクが避けられる可能性があります。
侵襲的な手術を回避するために多くの仕事は、低侵襲の涙排水再開通の分野で行われています。2 つの方法は、特に、潜在的な最初の手順として確立されている: ドリル dacryoplasty とレーザ dacryoplasty。これらの手順は、涙排水システムの transcanalicular 内視鏡検査に基づいているし、短いセグメント、鼻涙管の膜様狭窄の治療を行うことが。だけ低侵襲でクイック reconvalescence によって特徴づけられる、技術を recanalizing これらの共通の欠点は長期結果6,7,について比較的低機能の成功率8,9。
これらの最初の手順と決定的な治療法として外部の DCR の空虚さを埋めるために新しいアプローチを開発されている最近。絶対 infrasaccal パンドの治療のためのレーザー DCR は最も有望なです。ような前述のアプローチのすべての患者を推奨しますこの手順で全身麻酔下に置きます。ダイオード レーザーのファイバーか小管を介して挿入されている涙嚢にして高度な.次に、骨の口が作成される、中鼻甲介の前縁10,11の高さで鼻腔に接続するまで、レーザー エネルギーは外側鼻の壁に適用されます。一定の視覚制御を保持するすべての中, endonasal 内視鏡を用いたします。新たに形成された吻合は、涙の排水のためのバイパスとして機能します。成功した洗浄後 bicanalicular シリコン気管挿管が新たに形成された口の早期瘢痕化を防ぐために実行されます。術後は、充血除去剤、ステロイドで構成され、腫れ、炎症、感染、それぞれを防ぐために抗生物質点眼薬。
手術だけでなく、reconvalescence の期間は外部 DCR (外部 DCR で 35-75 分対レーザー DCR で 10-25 分) でより一般的に短く。合併症発生率が比較的低く、最も一般的なものは離散腫れまぶたとシリコン チューブ脱。小管感染症熱傷は、まれなイベント10.74-88% の率はずっと 1 年間機能成功報告10、11,12,13,14,15,16、 17,18、こうして外部の外科的アプローチの不利益を被ることがなく外部の DCR のそれらの後ろに密接にまで。ただし、長期的な結果は提供されるまだ残っています。さらに、レーザの DCR の障害の後もセカンダリ外部 DCR 実行できますが難なく。その結果、レーザ DCR 再開通手術と外部の DCR の前に障害が発生した実行される最適な実行可能な第 2 ステップの手順としての資格します。

<table><tbody><tr><td>C1.multi</td><td>LUT</td><td>05.0082h.1</td><td>Endoscope camera</td></tr><tr><td>HL 250</td><td>LUT</td><td>95.2048n</td><td>Endoscope light source</td></tr><tr><td>MD-19E</td><td>ACL GmbH</td><td>1119</td><td>Endoscope screen</td></tr><tr><td>FOX (laser)</td><td>A.R.C. Laser GmBH, N&amp;uuml;rnberg, Germany</td><td>n/a</td><td>Diode laser</td></tr><tr><td>Laser fiber</td><td>A.R.C. Laser GmBH, N&amp;uuml;rnberg, Germany</td><td>LL13001s</td><td>Laser fiber</td></tr><tr><td>Laser handpiece</td><td>A.R.C. Laser GmBH, N&amp;uuml;rnberg, Germany</td><td>n/a</td><td>Handpiece</td></tr><tr><td>Wide Collarette Monoka</td><td>Fa. FCL, Paris, France</td><td>S1.1630</td><td>monocanalicular silicon tube</td></tr><tr><td>Suction elevatorium</td><td>Storz</td><td>474015</td><td>For intranasal use</td></tr><tr><td>Forceps (Gr&amp;uuml;nwald)</td><td>Storz</td><td>426620</td><td>For intranasal use</td></tr><tr><td>Forceps (Blakesley-Wilde)</td><td>Storz</td><td>456502</td><td>To grab the silicon tube</td></tr><tr><td>Lacrimal canula</td><td>Storz</td><td>81071</td><td>Blunt cannula</td></tr><tr><td>Bangerter probe cannula</td><td>Storz</td><td>81055</td><td>Bangerter probe cannula</td></tr><tr><td>Wooden spatula</td><td>any</td><td>n/a</td><td>Wooden spatula</td></tr><tr><td>Xylometazolin 0.05% eye drops</td><td>GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare</td><td>n/a</td><td>Decongestant eye drops</td></tr><tr><td>Dexapos comod eye drops</td><td>Ursapharm</td><td>n/a</td><td>steroid eye drops</td></tr><tr><td>Floxal eye drops</td><td>Dr. Gerhard Mann</td><td>n/a</td><td>antibiotic eye drops</td></tr></tbody></table>

transcanalicular diode laser-assisted dacryocystorhinostomy for the treatment of primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction

Infrasaccal プライマリ買収鼻涙ダクト閉塞 (パンド) の治療の今日のゴールド スタンダードは、外部リノストーミー (DCR)、recanalizing 治療の失敗後に実行できる比較的侵襲です。しかし、ダイオード レーザー技術の分野での進歩は、新しいアプローチが浮上しています。レーザーア シスト transcanalicular DCR 後続 bicanalicular シリコン気管挿管とは、実行可能な低侵襲として大きい約束を示す新しいオプションです。鼻腔からの永久的な内視鏡のビジュアル コントロール、[涙嚢にダイオード レーザーのファイバーを挿入し、涙嚢と鼻腔の間の骨の口を作成するレーザーのエネルギーを適用します。す皮膚切開が必要がないのでこの方法の利点は、皮膚と同様、内側眼瞼構造と生理学的眼瞼小管ポンプ機構の温存を構成します。手術だけでなく、reconvalescence の期間は外部 DCR でより一般的に短くです。合併症を含むシリコン チューブ逸脱では、軽度の腫れと、まれに、毛細感染や熱傷。症状と口開存性の完全な解決として定義されている、1 年間機能成功率が高い、まだ外部の DCR のそれらの後ろの範囲。しかし、レーザの DCR の失敗の後セカンダリ外部 DCR は難なく実行できます。したがって、レーザーア シスト transcanalicular DCR は再開通のプロシージャおよび外部 DCR の前に障害が発生した、2 番目の手順として考慮されるべき有効なオプションです。

最適な結果:
前述の手順は約 10-25 分を受け取りは通常非常によく容認します。調べると次の日、まぶたの腫れが症例の約 60% に存在できます。常にこの小さな腫れを最大 3 日間の内で完全に解決します。患者は、痛み、脱シリコンや怪我や感染症の兆候については不満はありません。ただし、bicanalicular シリコン挿管手順の?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Transcanalicular Diode Laser-assisted Dacryocystorhinostomy for the Treatment of Primary Acquired Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction at JoVE.com

Transcanalicular Diode Laser-assisted Dacryocystorhinostomy for the Treatment of Primary Acquired Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction

このプロトコルの目的は、プライマリ買収鼻涙管閉塞の治療における低侵襲アプローチとして transcanalicular レーザ リノストーミーを提示することです。

プライマリの治療のための Transcanalicular ダイオード レーザ リノストーミー取得鼻涙管閉塞

Today&#39;s gold standard in the treatment of infrasaccal primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction (PANDO) is external dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR), ...

transcanalicular-diode-laser-assisted-dacryocystorhinostomy-for

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

10.9K ビュー.  University of Cologne. このプロトコルの目的は、プライマリ買収鼻涙管閉塞の治療における低侵襲アプローチとして transcanalicular レーザ リノストーミーを提示することです。

ビデオ: Transcanalicular Diode Laser-assisted Dacryocystorhinostomy for the Treatment of Primary Acquired Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction

Canalostomy As a Surgical Approach to Local Drug Delivery into the Inner Ears of Adult and Neonatal Mice

Local delivery of therapeutic drugs into the inner ear is a promising therapy for inner ear diseases. Injection through semicircular canals (canalostomy) has been shown to be a useful approach to local drug delivery into the inner ear. The goal of this article is to describe, in detail, the surgical techniques involved in canalostomy in both adult and neonatal mice. As indicated by fast-green dye and adeno-associated virus serotype 8 with the green fluorescent protein gene, the canalostomy facilitated broad distribution of injected reagents in the cochlea and vestibular end-organs with minimal damage to hearing and vestibular function. The surgery was successfully implemented in both adult and neonatal mice; indeed, multiple surgeries could be performed if required. In conclusion, canalostomy is an effective and safe approach to drug delivery into the inner ears of adult and neonatal mice and may be used to treat human inner ear diseases in the future.

Here we describe canalostomy procedure which allows local drug delivery into the inner ears of adult and neonatal mice through the semicircular canal with minimum damage to hearing and vestibular function. This method can be used to inoculate viral vectors, pharmaceuticals, and small molecules into the mouse inner ear.

成人および新生児マウス内耳への薬剤の局所投与への外科的アプローチとしての Canalostomy

Local delivery of therapeutic drugs into the inner ear is a promising therapy for inner ear diseases. Injection through semicircular canals (canalostomy) ...

遺伝学

Ultrasound Cyclo Plasty in Eyes with Glaucoma

Glaucoma is a chronic disease caused by the progressive degeneration of the optical nerve fibers, resulting in decreased visual field that can lead to severe visual impairment, and eventually blindness. This manuscript describes a simple, surgeon-friendly, non-incisional technique, named Ultrasound Cyclo Plasty (UCP), for reducing intraocular pressure (IOP) in glaucoma patients. The technique determines a selective coagulation necrosis of the ciliary body; in addition, the stimulation of supra-choroidal and trans-scleral portions of the uveo-scleral outflow pathway has been recently proposed. UCP shows several technical improvements in ultrasound technology compared to previous techniques, providing more precise focusing on the target zone. The procedure is performed in the operating room under peribulbar anesthesia. Briefly, the coupling cone is put in contact with the eye and the ring probe, that contains six piezoelectric transducers which produce the ultrasound beams, is inserted inside it. Their proper centering over the ocular surface represents a crucial step for the correct targeting of the ciliary body. Sterile balanced salt solution is used to fill the empty spaces to ensure ultrasound acoustic propagation. Surgical treatment consists in the sequential automatic activation of each of the six transducers, for a total duration of less than 3 min. The patient leaves the hospital 1 h after the procedure with the treated eye patched. In the present study, 10 patients with open-angle glaucoma were followed-up during at least 12 months after the procedure. IOP was reduced at each interval compared to pre-operative, as well as the number of hypotensive medications. Twenty percent of patients did not respond to the treatment, and needed subsequent surgery to better control IOP. Treatment tolerability was good, with no cases of hypotony or phthisis. The UCP procedure is simpler, faster, safer, and less invasive than traditional cyclodestructive procedures with similar results in reducing IOP.

Glaucoma is a chronic disease with progressive degeneration of optic nerve fibers resulting in decreased visual field. Elevated intraocular pressure is considered the most important and the only treatable risk factor. This manuscript describes a simple, surgeon-friendly, non-incisional technique, named Ultrasound Cyclo Plasty, for reducing intraocular pressure in glaucoma patients.

緑内障の目に超音波シクロ形成術

Glaucoma is a chronic disease caused by the progressive degeneration of the optical nerve fibers, resulting in decreased visual field that can lead to ...

行動学

Surgical Induction of Endolymphatic Hydrops by Obliteration of the Endolymphatic Duct

Surgical induction of endolymphatic hydrops (ELH) in the guinea pig by obliteration and obstruction of the endolymphatic duct is a well-accepted animal model of the condition and an important correlate for human Meniere's disease. In 1965, Robert Kimura and Harold Schuknecht first described an intradural approach for obstruction of the endolymphatic duct (Kimura 1965). Although effective, this technique, which requires penetration of the brain's protective covering, incurred an undesirable level of morbidity and mortality in the animal subjects. Consequently, Andrews and Bohmer developed an extradural approach, which predictably produces fewer of the complications associated with central nervous system (CNS) penetration.(Andrews and Bohmer 1989) 
The extradural approach described here first requires a midline incision in the region of the occiput to expose the underlying muscular layer. We operate only on the right side. After appropriate retraction of the overlying tissue, a horizontal incision is made into the musculature of the right occiput to expose the right temporo-occipital suture line. The bone immediately inferio-lateral the suture line (Fig 1) is then drilled with an otologic drill until the sigmoid sinus becomes visible. Medial retraction of the sigmoid sinus reveals the operculum of the endolymphatic duct, which houses the endolymphatic sac. Drilling medial to the operculum into the area of the endolymphatic sac reveals the endolymphatic duct, which is then packed with bone wax to produce obstruction and ultimately ELH. 
In the following weeks, the animal will demonstrate the progressive, fluctuating hearing loss and histologic evidence of ELH.

This video shows how to surgically obstruct the guinea pig's endolymphatic duct to produce endolymphatic hydrops.

内リンパ管の閉塞による内リンパ水腫の外科的誘導

Surgical induction of endolymphatic hydrops (ELH) in the guinea pig by obliteration and obstruction of the endolymphatic duct is a well-accepted animal ...

生物学

An &#8220;All-laser&#8221; Endothelial Transplant

The &#8220;all laser&#8221; assisted endothelial keratoplasty is a procedure that is performed with a femtosecond laser used to cut the donor tissue at an intended depth, and a near infrared diode laser to weld the corneal tissue. The proposed technique enables to reach the three main goals in endothelial keratoplasty: a precise control in the thickness of the donor tissue; its easy insertion in the recipient bed and a reduced risk of donor lenticule dislocation. The donor cornea thickness is measured in the surgery room with optical coherence tomography (OCT), in order to correctly design the donor tissue dimensions. A femtosecond laser is used to cut the donor cornea. The recipient eye is prepared by manual stripping of the descemetic membrane. The donor endothelium is inserted into a Busin-injector, the peripheral inner side is stained with a proper chromophore (a water solution of Indocyanine Green) and then it is pulled in the anterior chamber. The transplanted tissue is placed in the final and correct location and then diode laser welding is induced from outside the eyeball. The procedure has been performed on more than 15 patients evidencing an improvement in surgery performances, with a good recovery of visual acuity and a reduced donor lenticule dislocation event.

An all laser procedure is proposed in the endothelial transplant. The surgical technique is based on the use of a femtosecond laser to prepare the donor tissue. Laser welding technique is then used to secure the donor endothelium in the correct position.

「オールレーザー」内皮移植

The &#8220;all laser&#8221; assisted endothelial keratoplasty is a procedure that is performed with a femtosecond laser used to cut the donor tissue at an ...

医学

Establishment of a Severe Dry Eye Model Using Complete Dacryoadenectomy in Rabbits

Dry eye disease (DED) is a complex disease with multiple etiologies and variable symptoms, having ocular surface inflammation as its key pathophysiologic step. Despite advances in our understanding of DED, significant knowledge gaps remain. Advances are limited in part due to the lack of informative animal models. The authors recently reported on a method of DED induced by injecting all orbital lacrimal gland (LG) tissues with the lectin concanavalin A. Here, we report a novel model of aqueous-deficient DED based on the surgical resection of all orbital LG (dacryoadenectomy) tissues. Both methods use rabbits because of their similarity to human eyes in terms of the size and structure of the ocular surface. One week after removal of the nictitating membrane, the orbital superior LG was surgically removed under anesthesia, followed by removal of the palpebral superior LG, and finally removal of the inferior LG. Dacryoadenectomy induced severe DED, evidenced by a marked reduction in the tear break up time test and the Schirmer&#39;s tear test, and significantly increased tear osmolarity and rose bengal staining. Dacryoadenectomy-induced DED lasted at least eight weeks. There were no complications and animals tolerated the procedure well. The technique can be mastered relatively easily by those with adequate surgical experience and appreciation of the relevant rabbit anatomy. Since this model recapitulates the features of human aqueous-deficient DED, it is suitable for studies of ocular surface homeostasis, DED, and candidate therapeutics.

A novel approach is presented to induce chronic dry eye disease in rabbits by surgically removing all orbital lacrimal glands. This method, distinct from those previously reported, produces a stable, reproducible model of aqueous deficient dry eye well suited to study tear physiology and pathophysiology and ocular therapeutics.

ウサギにおける完全なダクリオアデネクトー切除術を用いた重症ドライアイモデルの確立

Dry eye disease (DED) is a complex disease with multiple etiologies and variable symptoms, having ocular surface inflammation as its key pathophysiologic ...

Endaural Endoscopic Atticoantrotomy (Retrograde Mastoidectomy) using a Constant Suction Bone-drilling Technique

Endoscopic middle ear surgery is a widely employed minimally invasive surgical technique to address middle ear and mastoid pathology. Bone drilling is the main technical challenge of endoscopic middle ear surgery. The accompanying video describes the detailed protocol of a constant-suction bone-drilling technique and the procedure of endaural exclusive endoscopic atticoantrotomy (retrograde mastoidectomy) using this technique. The main components of this bone-drilling technique include a soft and flexible suction tube, which is placed into the tympanic cavity to provide constant suction, and a soft sleeve, which is wrapped around the drill shaft to prevent the high-speed rotating shaft from damaging the lens of the endoscope. With these simple modifications, the traditional otological electrodrill can be used for drilling a tiny endaural incision in endoscopic middle ear surgery. Based on this bone-drilling technique, endaural endoscopic atticoantrotomy (retrograde mastoidectomy) can be successfully established for the removal of various amounts of bone, depending on the extent of the lesion. The short-term postoperative outcome seems promising.

Endaural Endoscopic Atticoantrotomy Retrograde Mastoidectomy using a Constant Suction Bone-drilling Technique

In this paper, we present the protocol and short-term outcomes of endaural exclusive endoscopic atticoantrotomy using a constant suction bone-drilling technique.

内耳内視鏡的付着瘻切除術(逆行性乳房切除術)は、一定の吸引骨穿孔技術を使用して

Endoscopic middle ear surgery is a widely employed minimally invasive surgical technique to address middle ear and mastoid pathology. Bone drilling is the ...

The Microscopic Transcanal Approach in Stapes Surgery Revisited

The microscopic transcanal (aka transmeatal) surgical approach was first described in the 60s, offering a minimally invasive means of reaching the external auditory canal, the middle ear, and epitympanon. Such an approach avoids a retroauricular or endaural skin incision; however, working through a narrow space needs angled microsurgical instruments and specific training in otologic surgery. The transcanal approach restricts the working space; however, it offers a binocular microscopic vision into the middle ear without extended skin incisions and thus, reducing post-operative pain and bleeding. In addition, this minimally invasive approach avoids scar tissue complications, hypoesthesia of the auricle, and potential protrusion of the pinna. Despite its numerous advantages, this method is still not routinely performed by otologic surgeons. Since this minimally invasive technique is more challenging, there is a need for extensive training in order for it to be widely adopted by otologic surgeons. This article provides step-by-step surgical instructions for stapes surgery and reports possible indications, pitfalls, and limitations using this microscopic transcanal technique.

This article describes the microscopic transcanal technique for stapes surgery, providing step-by-step surgical instructions for familiarizing surgeons with this approach.

ステープ手術における顕微鏡経管アプローチの再考

The microscopic transcanal (aka transmeatal) surgical approach was first described in the 60s, offering a minimally invasive means of reaching the ...

Endolymphatic Duct Blockage as a Surgical Treatment Option for M&#233;ni&#232;re's Disease

Endolymphatic duct blockage is a relatively new treatment option for M&#233;ni&#232;re's disease, aiming to reduce vertigo attacks while sparing hearing and equilibrium. After a regular mastoidectomy, the posterior semicircular canal is identified, and Donaldson's line is determined. This is a line through the horizontal semicircular canal, crossing the posterior semicircular canal. The endolymphatic sac is usually found at this site under the posterior semicircular canal. The bone of the endolymphatic sac and the dura are thinned until the sac is skeletonized, after which the endolymphatic duct is identified. The duct is then blocked with a titanium clip. Using a computerized tomography (CT) scan, the position is confirmed. Follow-up visits take place 1 week, 6 weeks and 1 year after surgery. To this day, only one prospective trial assessing this method has been conducted, comparing this new method to endolymphatic sac decompression. Results of the duct blockage are promising, with 96.5% of the patients free of vertigo after 2 years. However, further research is required.

Endolymphatic duct blockage is a relatively new surgical method for patients suffering from M&#233;ni&#232;re's disease. Following a regular mastoidectomy, the endolymphatic duct is identified and ligated using a regular titanium hemoclip. The effectiveness of this procedure is currently being assessed in a randomized trial.

メニエール病の外科的治療選択肢としての内リンパ管閉塞

Endolymphatic duct blockage is a relatively new treatment option for M&#233;ni&#232;re's disease, aiming to reduce vertigo attacks while sparing hearing ...

Robot-Assisted Transcanal Endoscopic Ear Surgery for Congenital Cholesteatoma

Congenital cholesteatoma accounts for 25% of cholesteatoma cases in children. Transcanal Endoscopic Ear Surgery (TEES) is ideal for these patients because it offers a wide endoscopic view of the middle ear and a minimally invasive approach. The two main limitations are the loss of one operative hand and a narrow external auditory canal in younger children. Here, we present the case of a 3-year-old patient with a Potsic stage III congenital cholesteatoma adherent to the incus and branches of the stapes. A robotic-assisted TEES procedure was performed, during which a robotic arm with 6 degrees of freedom held a 0&#176;, 2.9 mm wide endoscope, enabling the surgeon to work in a narrow environment with both hands. The procedure's duration was 2 h and 9 min, including 16 min for the installation and draping of the robotic arm. After a trans-canal approach, the cholesteatoma was dissected from the ossicles using both a needle (or sickle knife) and suction to stabilize the ossicles and limit the risk of hearing trauma. The cholesteatoma was debulked to reduce its size, allowing it to be pushed under the malleus anteriorly and then separated from other adherences before removal. A tragal cartilage graft was used to reinforce the tympanic membrane.

This protocol describes the removal of congenital cholesteatoma using minimally invasive transcanal endoscopic ear surgery with a two-handed approach and a robotic endoscope holder.

先天性真珠腫に対するロボット支援経管内視鏡的耳の手術

Congenital cholesteatoma accounts for 25% of cholesteatoma cases in children. Transcanal Endoscopic Ear Surgery (TEES) is ideal for these patients because ...

Nasolacrimal Lavage as a Treatment for Ocular Surface Toxic Soup Syndrome

Ocular surface toxic soup syndrome (OSTSS) is characterized by inadequate tear drainage through the nasolacrimal duct system, leading to the accumulation of inflammatory mediators in the tear film. This condition can result in toxic keratoconjunctivitis, with symptoms such as conjunctival hyperemia, itchiness, discomfort, and epiphora. Dilation and irrigation are common diagnostic procedures in both optometry and ophthalmology, used to assess nasolacrimal duct obstruction in cases of epiphora. This technique involves the injection of saline into the nasolacrimal duct system through the puncta, followed by the evaluation of reflux, which indicates obstruction. Although intended to be diagnostic, many patients report significant improvements in epiphora and ocular comfort after the procedure. In this paper, we present a case study in which a patient achieved complete resolution of epiphora and itchiness following therapeutic nasolacrimal lavage performed every 2 months. Subjective improvements in symptoms in 3 additional patients are also reported. We propose nasolacrimal lavage not only as a diagnostic tool but also as an effective therapeutic intervention for managing OSTSS.

OSTSS leads to pooled inflammatory mediators in the tear film, causing symptoms like epiphora and discomfort. Here, we present a case where therapeutic nasolacrimal lavage every 2 months resolved epiphora and itchiness, suggesting its efficacy as a therapeutic intervention for OSTSS. Additionally, we report subjective improvements in symptoms in 3 additional patients.

眼表面毒性スープ症候群の治療としての鼻腔洗浄

Ocular surface toxic soup syndrome (OSTSS) is characterized by inadequate tear drainage through the nasolacrimal duct system, leading to the accumulation ...

プライマリの治療のための Transcanalicular ダイオードレーザリノストーミー取得鼻涙管閉塞

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成人および新生児マウス内耳への薬剤の局所投与への外科的アプローチとしての Canalostomy

緑内障の目に超音波シクロ形成術

内リンパ管の閉塞による内リンパ水腫の外科的誘導

「オールレーザー」内皮移植

ウサギにおける完全なダクリオアデネクトー切除術を用いた重症ドライアイモデルの確立

内耳内視鏡的付着瘻切除術(逆行性乳房切除術)は、一定の吸引骨穿孔技術を使用して

ステープ手術における顕微鏡経管アプローチの再考

メニエール病の外科的治療選択肢としての内リンパ管閉塞

先天性真珠腫に対するロボット支援経管内視鏡的耳の手術

眼表面毒性スープ症候群の治療としての鼻腔洗浄

プライマリの治療のための Transcanalicular ダイオード レーザ リノストーミー取得鼻涙管閉塞

要約

さらに動画を探す

この動画の章

成人および新生児マウス内耳への薬剤の局所投与への外科的アプローチとしての Canalostomy

緑内障の目に超音波シクロ形成術

内リンパ管の閉塞による内リンパ水腫の外科的誘導

「オールレーザー」内皮移植

ウサギにおける完全なダクリオアデネクトー切除術を用いた重症ドライアイモデルの確立

内耳内視鏡的付着瘻切除術(逆行性乳房切除術)は、一定の吸引骨穿孔技術を使用して

ステープ手術における顕微鏡経管アプローチの再考

メニエール病の外科的治療選択肢としての内リンパ管閉塞

先天性真珠腫に対するロボット支援経管内視鏡的耳の手術

眼表面毒性スープ症候群の治療としての鼻腔洗浄

プライマリの治療のための Transcanalicular ダイオードレーザリノストーミー取得鼻涙管閉塞