Chapter 13
Carboxylic Acids
IUPAC 카르복실산의 명명법
IUPAC names of carboxylic acids are systematically derived following a few rules discussed below.
For acyclic saturated monocarboxylic acids, the longest ...
카르복실산의 물리적 특성
Carboxylic acids with lower molecular weight exhibit a sharp and unpleasant odor. They also have higher boiling and melting points than analogous ...
카르복실산의 산도
Carboxylic acids are the strongest organic acids. However, their acidic strength is much less than mineral acids like HCl. Carboxylic acids ionize in ...
카르복실산의 산도에 대한 치환 효과
The acidity of carboxylic acids is influenced by the nature of the substituents bounded to the functional group. The acid strength is determined by the ...
카르복실산의 IR 및 UV-Vis 분광광도계
In IR spectroscopy of carboxylic acids, the C=O bond shows a characteristic band between 1710 and 1760 cm⁻¹, and the O–H bond exhibits a ...
카르복실산의 NMR 및 질량 분광법
In ¹H NMR spectroscopy, acidic protons (–COOH) of carboxylic acids are highly deshielded and absorb far downfield, at around 9–12 ppm. ...
카르복실산의 준비: 개요
There are various methods for the preparation of carboxylic acids. For example, oxidation of primary alcohols or aldehydes using strong oxidizing agents ...
카르복실산의 제조: 니트릴의 가수분해
Nitriles (R–CN) can be converted into carboxylic acids (R–COOH) upon treatment with aqueous acids, i.e., upon hydrolysis of nitriles. Under ...
카르복실산의 제조: 그리나드 시약의 카르복실화
Carboxylic acids can be prepared by the carboxylation of Grignard reagents (RMgX). This method is convenient for converting alkyl (primary, secondary ...
카르복실산의 반응: 소개
Carboxylic acids possess an acidic –COOH functional group. The acidity can be attributed to the resonance stabilization of their conjugate ...
카르복실산에서 에스테르로: Acid-Catalyzed (Fischer) 에스테르화 개요
The Fischer esterification reaction was developed by the German chemist Emil Fischer in 1895. It is a condensation reaction between carboxylic acids ...
카르복실산에서 에스테르로: 산 촉매(Fischer) 에스테르화 메커니즘
Carboxylic acids react with alcohols to yield esters via an acid-catalyzed condensation reaction called Fischer esterification. This is a ...
카르복실산에서 메틸에스테르로: 디아조메탄을 사용한 알킬화
Carboxylic acids react with diazomethane in an ether solvent via alkylation at the carboxylate oxygen atom to give methyl esters of the ...
카르복실산에서 염화물로
Carboxylic acids react with SOCl2 or PCl5 to form acid chlorides. Amongst the carboxylic acid derivatives, acid chlorides are the most reactive and ...
카르복실산에서 1차 알코올로: 수소화물 환원
Carboxylic acids, upon reaction with strong reducing agents such as lithium aluminum hydride followed by hydrolysis, undergo reduction to form primary ...
CO2로서의 카르복시기의 손실: β-케토산의 탈카르복실화
Carboxylic acids, upon heating, undergo a decarboxylation reaction by releasing carbon dioxide gas. Monocarboxylic acids do not undergo decarboxylation ...
CO2 로서의 카르복시기의 손실: 말론산 유도체의 탈카르복실화
Just like β-keto acids—which upon thermal decarboxylation form ketones—β-dicarboxylic acids undergo decarboxylation to generate ...
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